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Neuroscience in Cuba: towards a better life for the disabled
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Cuban Center for Neuroscience
(CNC)
Areas of research:•Neuroimaging•Cognitive Neuroscience•Neurogenetics•Medical Equipment•Disabilities of Neural origin
CNC carries out research on brain function and develops technologies for promoting mental health
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Neuroimages allow us a view into the structure and function of the living brain
CNC has developed one of the fastest types of Neuroimage currently available
Brain Electrical and Magnetic Tomography (BET)
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Brain Electrical and Magnetic Tomography (BET)
Sources of brain activity are anatomically localized
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Normative data was obtained for all brain regions and for the age range between 5 and
97 years.
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Early Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease
Almost 70% in developing countries
18 millionAflictedworldwide
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BET has been used by NYU and CNC to pinpoint brain damage in Alzheimer
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Same brain areas are affected in presymptomatic carriers of Alzheimer’s
Disease Gene
Future goals:•Detection of presymptomatic cases •Delay the onset of the disease
Excess slow activity
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Early detection and treatment of hearing loss
About 1 to 3 of every 1000 children
are born with severe hearing loss
The WHO estimates that 250 million people in the world suffer from a disabling
hearing impairment
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Early hearing loss has profoundly negative consequences for development:
•Impaired language acquisition•Difficulties in school•Problems with emotional and social adjustment
Plastic changes in brain organization
Speech sounds
The first three years of life are a critical period for language development
Early detection is necessary !!
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The CNC has developed a novel system for objective hearing assessment
Audix
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Audix 20Neuronica 2 36
Neuronica 4 6
National Network for detectionOf Hearing Loss in Cuba
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Cuban screening program for early detection of hearing loss
High risk register in maternity wards
High risk register in pediatric intensive care units
Family doctors
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•The WHO reports that in developing countries the mean age at which hearing loss is detected is about 3-5 years
•In the UK it is about 20 months.
•In Havana City (Cotorro Municipal) for children born from 1983 to 2001 the mean age of detection was reduced to 17 months.
•Early detection improved cognitive development
< 5 YEARS 5 – 10 YEARS
EARLY SCREEN 71% 8% 21%
NO SCREEN 0% 0% 100%
> 10 YEARS
DELAY IN LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
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The AUDIX system is presently in use in 11 countries for the Diagnosis of Hearing Loss Introduced in:
Audix in use
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Technology transfer: networks for early detection of hearing loss
Colombia
Mexico
China
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CIRENThe International Center for Neurological Restoration (CIREN), has developed a unique technology, of a very intensive nature and multidisciplinary in outlook, for the rehabilitation of neurological disorders.
This technology is based on the plasticity of the nervous system, which allows it to recover and re-organize after a lesion.
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This high precision device improves minimum access brain surgery and has enabled the development of a new and successful surgical treatment for Parkinson’s disease. (Emory University in Atlanta has collaborated in this proyect)
Used in 6 Cuban hospitalsWill be available in 10 more
Cuban Stereotactic FrameEstereoflex