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Brian A. Nault1 and Alan G. Taylor2Brian A. Nault1 and Alan G. Taylor2
Departments of Entomology1 and Horticultural Sciences2
Cornell University
New York State Agricultural Experiment Station
Geneva, NY 14456
Departments of Entomology1 and Horticultural Sciences2
Cornell University
New York State Agricultural Experiment Station
Geneva, NY 14456
New Seed Treatments that may Revolutionize Insect Control in Snap Beans
New Seed Treatments that may Revolutionize Insect Control in Snap Beans
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Seedcorn Maggot, Delia platura
Larva Infested seed
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Snap Bean Damaged by Seedcorn Maggot
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Snap Bean Damage by Seedcorn Maggot
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Snap Bean Damage by Seedcorn Maggot
No damage
Damage
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
4/17 5/1 5/15 5/29 6/12 6/26 7/10 7/24 8/7
Date
Num
ber o
f fem
ales
/trap
/3 d
ays
Seasonal Activity of Seedcorn Maggot inGeneva, NY in 2001
Time beyond which SCM rarely causes a problem
1st generation
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Insecticides Labeled for Seedcorn MaggotControl in Snap Bean in New York
• Commercial Seed Treatment- Lorsban 50SL (chlorpyrifos)- Gaucho 480 (imidacloprid – SCM removed in 2003) - Cruiser 5FS (thiamethoxam)
• Soil Treatments- Lorsban 4E or Lorsban 15G (Section 24[c]) – in review
• Hopper-Box Treatment (used effectively in DE)- Diazinon 50WP: 1/2 oz per bu. of seed; need to addgraphite for bridging problems
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Experimental Seed Treatments Evaluated for Seedcorn Maggot Control in Snap Bean
Treatment Active Ingredient Class Gaucho 480 imidacloprid Neonicotinoid Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam Neonicotinoid Poncho 600 clothianidin Neonicotinoid SpinTor 2SC spinosad Spinosyn Entrust spinosad Spinosyn Icon fipronil Phenylpyrazole
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Rates of Seed Treatments ExaminedRates of Seed Treatments Examined Treatment Chemical Rate (g/ 100 kg of seed) Lorsban 50SL chlorpyrifos 62.5 Gaucho 480 imidacloprid 60 Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam 50* Poncho 600 clothianidin 60 SpinTor 2SC spinosad 60 Entrust spinosad 60 Icon fipronil 60
*Note: The 50 g a.I./ 100 kg of seed rate is equal to 1.28 fl oz/100 lbs of seed
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0 10 20 30 40
Untreated
Lorsban 50SL
Cruiser 5FS
Poncho 600
Gaucho 480
SpinTor 2C
Entrust
Icon
Lorsban 4E
Mean % Damaged Seedlings
Snap Bean Seedling Damage by Seedcorn Maggotin Ontario Co., NY in 2003 (n= 6)
a
bb
b
b
c
b
b
b
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Untreated
Lorsban 50SL
Cruiser 5FS
Poncho 600
Gaucho 480
SpinTor 2C
Entrust
Icon
Lorsban 4E
Mean % Damaged Seedlings
Snap Bean Seedling Damage by Seedcorn Maggotin Niagra Co., NY in 2003 (n= 2 to 4)
a
bcd
bcd
d
bcd
cd
cd
cd
ab
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Potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae
AdultAdult
NymphNymph
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Potato LeafhopperInjury
Potato LeafhopperInjury
Stunting, leaf curlingand “hopperburn”
Stunting, leaf curlingand “hopperburn”
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Insecticides Labeled for Potato LeafhopperControl in Snap Bean in NY
• Commercial Seed Treatment- Cruiser 5FS (thiamethoxam)
• Foliar-Applied Insecticides- Dimethoate 4EC (dimethoate) - Asana XL (esfenvalerate)- Orthene 97 (acephate) - Warrior T (lambda-cyhalothrin)- Sevin XLR (carbaryl) - Capture 2EC (bifentrin)- Lannate LV (methomyl) - Mustang Max (Z-cypermethrin)
• Soil-Applied Treatments- Thimet 15G (phorate)- Di-Syston 15G (disulfoton)
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Action Thresholds for Potato Leafhopper in Snap Bean
• Sweep net: 5 hoppers per sweep during pre-bloom stage
• Visual inspection:a) 1 nymph per leaf in NY and WIb) 1 nymph per 10 leaves in DE
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Problems Encountered using Foliar Sprays
• Must scout fields for PLH
• Adequate spray coverage difficult when plants small
• Timing of sprays is critical and can be complicated bywet field conditions
• Too busy with other farming practices
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Experimental Seed Treatments Evaluated for PLH Control in Snap Bean
Treatment Active Ingredient Class Gaucho 480 imidacloprid Neonicotinoid Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam Neonicotinoid Poncho 600 clothianidin Neonicotinoid
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Rates of Seed Treatments ExaminedRates of Seed Treatments Examined
Treatment Chemical Rate (g/ 100 kg of seed) Gaucho 480 imidacloprid 60 Cruiser 5FS thiamethoxam 50 Poncho 600 clothianidin 60
Note: Cruiser 5FS @ 1.28 fl oz/100 lbs ofseed is equivalent to 50 g a.i./ 100 kg of seed
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Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH ControlEvaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control
Days after planting
Mea
n nu
mbe
r of P
LH
nym
phs/
20
leav
esPlanted on June 4, 2002 in Geneva, NY
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
11 18 25 32 39 46 53 60
UntreatedGaucho 480Cruiser 5FS
threshold
Bloom
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Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH ControlEvaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control
Days after planting
Mea
n nu
mbe
r of P
LH
nym
phs/
20
leav
esPlanted on June 8, 2002 in Elba, NY
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
11 18 25 32 39 46 53 60
UntreatedGaucho 480Cruiser 5FS
threshold
Bloom
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Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH ControlEvaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control
Mea
n nu
mbe
r of P
LH
nym
phs/
20
leav
es
Planted on July 15, 2002 in Elba, NY
Days after planting
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
11 18 25 32 39 46 53 60
UntreatedGaucho 480Cruiser 5FS
threshold
Bloom
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Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control
Bloom
02468
1012141618
34 40 47 54 61
Time (days after planting)
Mea
n nu
mbe
r of n
ymph
s/le
afUntreated
Gaucho 480
Cruiser 5FS
Poncho 600
Warrior T
threshold
Bloom
Warrior T
Planted on May 23, 2003 in Geneva, NY
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Potato Leafhopper Control
Cruiser 5FSCruiser 5FS
UntreatedUntreated
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Evaluation of Seed Treatments for PLH Control
8
0
2
4
6
28 37 44 52
Time (days after planting)
Mea
n nu
mbe
r of n
ymph
s/le
afUntreated
Gaucho 480
Cruiser 5FS
Poncho 600
Warrior T
threshold
Warrior TBloom
Planted on June 3, 2003 in Niagra Co., NY
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Soybean Aphid – Aphis glycinesSoybean Aphid – Aphis glycines
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Cruiser 5FS @ 75 g/100 kg seedUntreated Control
Soybean Aphid Control
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Current Strategy used to Manage Major Insect Pests of Snap Bean in New YorkCurrent Strategy used to Manage Major Insect Pests of Snap Bean in New York
Strategy Pests Targeted Cruiser with or without Seedcorn maggot + Lorsban @ planting Potato leafhopper + Soybean aphid + Pyrethroid spray @ bloom European corn borer + Potato Leafhopper
Notes: (1) Lorsban should be included in fields containinghigh organic matter (e.g., animal or green manure). (2) Cruisershould provide protection against PLH for 50-60 days after planting.