Sociedade para a Gestão e Desenvolvimento da Reserva do Niassa
Maputo, 19 a 22 de Marco
I. INTRODUCTION
Larger Conservation Area in Mozambique
Area: 42 000 Kms² -
Representing 36% of the total
area under conservation in
Mozambique
It has most of the wildlife
existing in the country
– 14 000 elephants
– 14 000 sable
– 600 to 1000 lions
– more than 350 wild dogs
500 km
Potencial ACTF
do Niassa-Selous
4 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 54 + 5
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101010101010101010
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NIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSANIASSA
Reserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de MaputoReserva Nacional de Maputo
GileGileGileGileGileGileGileGileGile
MarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuMarromeuGorongosa
Quirimbas
Bazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NPBazaruto NP
BahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnineBahnine
ZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinaveZinave
Limpopo
ACTF do
Tchuma
Tchato
ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do ACTF do
Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande Grande
LimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopoLimpopo
ACTF dos
Libombos
Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange Chipange
ChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetuChetu
Chimanimani
TFCA
Lukwika Lumusure
(Tanzania)
666666666
Reserva Florestal
Coutada
Reserva Nacional
Parque Nacional
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MbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamila
N'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timbo
MeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMecula
MbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbamba
NampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquesso
MatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavela
NcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcuti
LissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhur
NaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulala
NalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalama
ChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChamba
MilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepa
GombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGomba
NkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapa
MacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalange
MitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitope
NegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamano
MavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavago MsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawise
NaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNahevera
MucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoria
Rivers
Catchment Boundaries
Cultivated Areas
Village/Settlement
Roads
Minor
Main
CONCESSION STATUS: 17 Management Units; 2012 - 11 (?) Allocated to Concessionaires 2012
NiassaHunters
MOU R1 2002
Luwire
Contrato
L7 2000
SEM
Contrato
L3 2007
Johan Calitz
Safaris
Contrato
L2 2008
Safrique
Contrato
L1 2008
Luambeze
Contrato
L5N 2007
Kambako
Contrato
L8 2005
Luambeze
MOU
R2+R3 2009LUCHERINGO
CONTRATO R1
2012
Luwire
MOU L9 2002
East Af. Safaris
MOU L9 2010
East Af. Safaris
Contract L9
2012
Luambeze
CONTRATO
R3 2012
II. SGDRN - A NEW MANAGEMENT MODEL
1. ESTABLISHED IN 1954 IT WENT FROM A PAPER RESERVE WITHOUT MANAGEMENT
2. TO A NATIONAL RESERVE THAT ON THE BASIS OF A COUNCIL OF MINISTER´S DECISION (1998) BEGAN TO BE MANAGED BY AN INOVATIVE NOT FOR PROFIT PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP.
ESTABLISHED IN 2000, SOCIEDADE PARA A GESTÃO E DESENVOLVIMENTO DA RESERVA DO NIASSA IS A PARTNERSHIP BETWEEN THE GOM & PRIVATE ENTITY (IN) , GOVERNED BY A BOARD ON THE BASIS OF A MANAGEMENT RIGHTS LEASING CONTRACT SIGNED WITH MITUR IN 2002
II. SGDRN - A NEW MANAGEMENT MODEL
TERMS OF AUTORIZATION OF THE CM No.78/98 and LEASING CONTRACT SIGNED WITH MITUR defined SGDRN OBLIGATIONS AND RIGHTS :
•“ Attract other investors for the development of investments (clauses 2.1 & 2.2 ) in the amount of $US 9.820.000,00 - 10 Years” (Cl. 10.a.);
•“Define the terms and conditions to which the selection of investors should respond for the adjudication of the activities referred in the previous clauses”;
•“ Establish the rules and procedures to which the tenders should obey, with the conditions that only companies with a 25% Mozambican ownership could sign the contracts, in acordance with the criteria and norms fixed by MINAG to this effect ” (Cl. 9.h.) and
•“Sub-lease through a contract, to the companies and entities operating in the Niassa Reserve, the rights that were allocated to SGDRN, who should beresponsible to facilitate the licenses or autorizations required by the law that habilitate them to exercise their activities ” (Cl. 9.i.).
II. Governance - management tools
GOALS & OBJECTIVES DEFINED IN THE MANAGEMENT PLAN:
2007 – 2012
To secure the long term conservation of the rich and unique biodiversity,
and the pristine wilderness, of the NNR for present and future generations
To reduce pressure on the natural resources, facilitate the sustainable
use of the Reserve by promoting alternative income generating activities
for communities
To provide a quality tourism experience to tourists that generate a local
economy and contributes to finance the Reserve management activities50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km50 km
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MbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamila
N'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timbo
MeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMecula
MbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbamba
NampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquesso
MatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavela
NcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcuti
LissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhur
NaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulala
NalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalama
ChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChamba
MilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepa
GombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGomba
NkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapa
MacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalange
MitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitope
NegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamano
MavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavago MsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawise
NaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNahevera
MucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaThree Categories – (ecological, scenic, & socio-economic factors):1. Special Conservation Areas2. Wilderness Areas 3. Natural Resource Use ConservationAreas
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MbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamilaMbatamila
N'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timboN'timbo
MeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMeculaMecula
MbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbambaMbamba
NampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquessoNampaquesso
MatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavelaMatondavela
NcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcutiNcuti
LissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleLissongoleCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaCuchirangaManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhurManhur
NaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulalaNaulala
NalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalamaNalama
ChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChambaChamba
MilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepaMilepa
GombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGombaGomba
NkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapaNkalapa
MacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalangeMacalange
MitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitopeMitope
NegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamanoNegamano
MavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavagoMavago MsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawiseMsawise
NaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNaheveraNahevera
MucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaMucoriaThree Categories – (ecological, scenic, & socio-economic factors):1. Special Conservation Areas2. Wilderness Areas 3. Natural Resource Use Conservation
Areas
PRINCIPLES
1. Units for Conservation Hunting & Non - ConsumptiveTourism2. Reach the high end Market clientele3. Combination of Commercial and Philantropic Operators4. Sharing Management Costs and responsibilities
REFINING THE OBJECTIVES
While seeking to implement the best practices to monitor the Bioversity of the Reserve, with respect to hunting – “Maximize trophy quality and economic returns while maintaining viability and growth of wildlife populations through ecologically sustainable hunting practices
PRINCIPLES
1. Units for Conservation Hunting & Non - ConsumptiveTourism2. Reach the high end Market clientele3. Combination of Commercial and Philantropic Operators4. Sharing Management Costs and responsibilities
REFINING THE OBJECTIVES
While seeking to implement the best practices to monitor the Bioversity of the Reserve, with respect to hunting – “Maximize trophy quality and economic returns while maintaining viability and growth of wildlife populations through ecologically sustainable hunting practices
• RULES AND REGULATIONS
• Contract Rules
• 5 Year Business Plan Form, the Annual Plan Form, the HRF and the Report Form
• The Road/Tracks Guidelines
• The Media Policy
• The Regulations – “Black Book” (Best Practices)
III - CONSERVATION Hunting Administration
BEFORE THE HUNTProcessing Firearm ImportationRegistration of Professional HuntersApplying for Client Hunting LicencesPurchasing Abate Tickets
DURING THE HUNTMonitoring hunting activitiesTracking hunting successCompletion of the Hunt Return Form & Annual Report Form
AFTER THE HUNTCheck and sign off hunting licenses and abate ticketsMonitor trophy size and ageAnalyze Hunt Return Form Data
III - CONSERVATION Hunting Administration
Sociedade para a Gestão e Desenvolvimento da Reserva do Niassa
REGISTO DE SAFARIS DE CAÇA (Safari Hunt Register) Nº série:.........................
(M)/(F) Este (East) Sul (South)
1 Medição a ser feita de acordo com o sistema de medição Roland Ward (Measurements according to Roland Ward)2 Localização em graus decimais (Location in decimal degrees) Cópia Branca (Operado r)
ASSINATURA DO CLIENTE: ASSINATURA DO CAÇADOR PROF: Cópia Amarela (SRN Maputo)
(CLIENT SIGNATURE) (P.H. SIGNATURE) Cópia Verde (SRN Mbatamila)
Morto / Ferido
(Killed / Wounded)
Sexo
(Sex) Observações (Notes)Localização (Location) 2
Tamanho (Size) 1Espécies
(Species)
Nº da etiqueta da
mandíbula
Senha SRN NºData
(Date)
Bloco de Caça(Hunting Block)
Nome do Cliente(Client Name)
Nacionalidade (Nationality)
Hunt Period(Period of Hunt)
Nº de Observadores
(Nº of Observers)
Nº Dias-Caça
(Nº Hunter-Days)
Licença de Caça Nº(Hunter License Nº)
Caçador-profissional(Professional-hunter)
Operador de Safaris
(Safari Operator)
Licença de caça Nº(Hunting license Nº)
(SRN Abate ticket Nº)(Jaw tag Nº)
AN EXAMPLE OF THE HUNT RETURN FORM USED TO CAPTURE DATA ON EACH SAFARI CONDUCTED IN THE NNR
Client detailsProfessional
Hunter details
Safari details
Trophy details: Species; trophy size; location etc
III - CONSERVATION Hunting Administration
Sociedade para a Gestão e Desenvolvimento da Reserva do Niassa
REGISTO DE SAFARIS DE CAÇA (Safari Hunt Register) Nº série:.........................
(M)/(F) Este (East) Sul (South)
1 Medição a ser feita de acordo com o sistema de medição Roland Ward (Measurements according to Roland Ward)2 Localização em graus decimais (Location in decimal degrees) Cópia Branca (Operado r)
ASSINATURA DO CLIENTE: ASSINATURA DO CAÇADOR PROF: Cópia Amarela (SRN Maputo)
(CLIENT SIGNATURE) (P.H. SIGNATURE) Cópia Verde (SRN Mbatamila)
Morto / Ferido
(Killed / Wounded)
Sexo
(Sex) Observações (Notes)Localização (Location) 2
Tamanho (Size) 1Espécies
(Species)
Nº da etiqueta da
mandíbula
Senha SRN NºData
(Date)
Bloco de Caça(Hunting Block)
Nome do Cliente(Client Name)
Nacionalidade (Nationality)
Hunt Period(Period of Hunt)
Nº de Observadores
(Nº of Observers)
Nº Dias-Caça
(Nº Hunter-Days)
Licença de Caça Nº(Hunter License Nº)
Caçador-profissional(Professional-hunter)
Operador de Safaris
(Safari Operator)
Licença de caça Nº(Hunting license Nº)
(SRN Abate ticket Nº)(Jaw tag Nº)
AN EXAMPLE OF THE HUNT RETURN FORM USED TO CAPTURE DATA ON EACH SAFARI CONDUCTED IN THE NNR
Client detailsProfessional
Hunter details
Safari details
Trophy details: Species; trophy size; location etc
SOME KEY INDICATORS TO MONITOR GROWTH OF INDUSTRY
Examples of data
1.Total Income from Abate Tickets – Industry Revenues2.Quota allocation, purchase and utilization by species
by block – Operator efficiency3.Origin of clients and types of safaris4.Number of Safaris and Hunting days – Performance
of hunting industry – Hunter days5.Trophy quality and age - sustainability6.Distribution of hunting effort - sustainability
SOME KEY INDICATORS TO MONITOR GROWTH OF INDUSTRY
SOME KEY INDICATORS TO MONITOR GROWTH OF INDUSTRY
SOME KEY INDICATORS TO MONITOR GROWTH OF INDUSTRY
Trophy Measurement - Trophy Quality Trends Trophy Measurement - Trophy Quality Trends
DISTRIBUTION OF HUNTING EFFORT
Data from the coordinates of where animals are killed is used to
define the area where hunting has taken place in Niassa
DISTRIBUTION OF HUNTING EFFORT
Data from the coordinates of where animals are killed is used to
define the area where hunting has taken place in Niassa
SGDRN HAS UNDERTAKEN SEVEN SYSTEMATIC BIANNUAL AERIAL
SURVEYS OF ALL MAJOR MAMMAL SPECIES OF THE NIASSA
NATIONAL RESERVE SINCE 1998.
THE MAIN FOCUS IS ON ELEPHANT NUMBERS BUT ALL LARGE MAMMALS ARE RECORDED, PLUS HUMAN ACTIVITIES (Fishing Camps) AND SETTLEMENT.
THESE DATA SHOW :• POPULATIONS OF VIRTUALLY ALL SPECIES IN THE RESERVE
HAVE INCREASED OR REMAINED STABLE• WE NOW HAVE RELIABLE INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTION,
DENSITIES AND TRENDS FOR THE ENTIRE RESERVE AND PERMANAGEMENT UNIT
SGDRN HAS UNDERTAKEN SEVEN SYSTEMATIC BIANNUAL AERIAL
SURVEYS OF ALL MAJOR MAMMAL SPECIES OF THE NIASSA
NATIONAL RESERVE SINCE 1998.
THE MAIN FOCUS IS ON ELEPHANT NUMBERS BUT ALL LARGE MAMMALS ARE RECORDED, PLUS HUMAN ACTIVITIES (Fishing Camps) AND SETTLEMENT.
THESE DATA SHOW :• POPULATIONS OF VIRTUALLY ALL SPECIES IN THE RESERVE
HAVE INCREASED OR REMAINED STABLE• WE NOW HAVE RELIABLE INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTION,
DENSITIES AND TRENDS FOR THE ENTIRE RESERVE AND PERMANAGEMENT UNIT
�The aerial survey results are extremely valuable in providing information used to make management decisions: e.g. to set sustainable hunting quotas
�Buffalo and cat populations are extremely difficult to survey from the air
�Aerial Survey data must be used in conjunction with other sources of information
- Bufalo Project & the Carnivore Project
BUFALO PROJECT - THE ECOLOGY OF THE BUFFALO POPULATION – Understanding the Mechanisms Limiting the Buffalo Population
WHERE WE HAVE COME FROM2004:85 % of quota was taken (11 lions) but 75% of lion trophies underageNo information on visual aging cues for Niassa lions.No monitoring of trophy quality.Fixed quota based on no information
2006 -SRN LION REGULATIONS & POINTS SYSTEM
Effect of Regulations - Trophy Quality
Off-take of acceptable trophies is stable at 3-4 lions / year
RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED
RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED
Tourism Operators - Investment, Operational Budgets, Salaries, VAT
RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED
Tourism Operators - Investment, Operational Budgets, Salaries, VATGross income: Abate Ticket + Concession Fees
2003 – 2011
RESULTS & LESSONS LEARNED
Tourism Operators - Investment, Operational Budgets, Salaries, VATGross income: Abate Ticket + Concession Fees
2003 – 2011
Data: 16/05/2010Coordenadas: S110 16’ 03.0 E380 44’ 54.8
Aerial Survey 2009
ILLEGAL LOGGING
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Carcass 1
Carcass 2
Carcass 3
Carcass 4
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Snareline
Poacher’s camp
Aerial Survey 2009
Carcass Ratio
4.25% (1.57% - 17.89%) = 693 – 1,100
ILLEGAL HUNTING
Carcasses Snare Lines