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Carrot Production
Noor Muhammad Noori IDEA-NEW
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Carrot Production in the Eastern Region
Carrot is cool season crop, but some cultivars can tolerate quite high temperature
Carrot can be planted from September to January, bi-weekly basis
Temperature effect Optimum plant growth temperature is (16-24
ºC) high temperatures, reduce root length, may
produces fibrous, unmarketable carrots Low temperatures, long root carrots with poor
color
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Soils
Carrots grow well on deep (20-30cm Minimum) friable, well drained soils
Preferred soil types, are loam and sandy loam
Optimal soil pH is 5.5 - 6.5 Sandy soil produces early yield, for higher
yields, silt and silt loams are recommended
Fresh market cultivars are mostly planted in lighter soils (sandy soil)
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Carrot Varieties
Red and orange varieties are planted in ER
Varieties planted in Easter region: Temperate varieties:
Nantes, Chantenav, Nelson F1, Mokum F1, Napoles F1
Tropical varieties: Pusa Yamdagni, Pusa Indian, A Plus, Desi,
Long red, Red deep, and All Season Cross.
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Carrot Varieties Planted in ER
Nantes Kronos
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Carrots Planting Techniques
Carrots are sown directly onto the field, a smooth, well prepared seed bed is required
Raised beds are recommended for carrots production 1.5 m bed center to bed center and at
least 25 cm high. Rows should be 25 cm apart
The soil is cultivated 25cm depth
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Carrot Seeds Planted on Raised Beds
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Seeding Rate
For easer handling seed is mixed with sand
Seed rate: 2 kg/Jerib Carrot seeds germinate in 12-18 days. Three to four weeks after sowing, the
plants should be thinned to 2-2.5 cm between plants to improve root quality 2-3 thinning are needed during crop cycle.
Expected carrot yields are 4-6 MT/Jerib
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Thinning Carrots
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Thinning
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Carrot Field at Batikot District
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Fertilization
Carrots should be grown on soils which were heavily manured for the previous crop (cabbage, cauliflower, etc)
Before sowing, 1 bag of DAP and ½ bag urea per jerib should be
incorporated into the soil. After last thinning
½ bag of urea/jerib should be top dressed in bands when carrots are one cm diameter
If the nitrogen is applied too early, it will promote excessive leaf growth and fanging roots (forked roots).
Do not apply the fertilizer too close to the carrots.
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Irrigation
The field should be irrigated immediately after sowing for rapid, uniform seed germination and stand establishment
Carrots have deep roots, they need for continuous irrigation.
Carrot furrows need for 6-8 times irrigation during the growing season.
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Weed Management
Youth carrot seedlings grow slowly, so it’s important to keep weeds under control during early grow
Both manual and chemical weed control methods can be used. Hoe cultivation should be shallow so that the
roots are NOT injured Manual weeding during thinning
For commercial production, Chemicals weed control, Post-emergence
herbicides like Linuron, Diuron or Monuron, can be applied at the rate of 200 g/jerib 40 days after sowing.
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Aphids, Myzus persicae
Green peach aphid, transmit over 100 virus diseases
Virus infested leaves are distorted and curled High population, can
stunting crop Young plants more
susceptible Usually attacked by
common predators & parasites
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Cotton Melon Aphid, Aphis gossypii Symptoms:
Curled and distorted leaves; possible viruses were transmitted so virus symptoms may be present.
Control:
Promote existing natural control (predators, parasites, fungal attack);
plant carrots some distance away from melons and cotton.
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Carrot Rust Fly, Psila rosea
Symptoms tunneling or
destruction of the tap root extremity by maggots.
Control: Adjust seeding
dates; remove and destroy infested plants.
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Carrot Weevil, Listronotus oregonensis
Symptoms: zig-zag grooves and
tunnels in root; plant wilts and dies.
Control: Promote existing
natural control (predators, parasites, fungal attack);
remove infested plants from field;
use suitable crop rotation.
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Leaf Blight, Alternaria dauci
Symptoms: Infection begins as
small, round spots with concentric rings within the lesion. Lesions can also be on petioles. Lesions enlarge and grow together causing a burned appearance.
leaves shrivel and appear to be burned.
Spores may be carried on seed.
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Leaf Blight, Alternaria dauci
Control: Keep fields well drained; destroy crop residues; practice suitable crop rotation, 2 years
minimum; treat seed with hot water 50°C for 15 minutes; Plant pathogen-free seed treat seed with Thiram, Vitavax or Captan
(3g/Kg of seed) before sowing. Chlorothalonil provides effective control
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Cercospora Leaf Blight, Cercospora carotae Small, irregular, black to
purplish colored spots. Spots may coalesce to cover the entire leaf.
Entire leaves and petioles may die on severely infected plants
The symptoms first appear along the margins of the leaves, often causing the leaves to curl
Lesions are tan and circular in shape with a dark definitive margin
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Physiological Disorders
Cavity spot Cause by Calcium deficiency, Prevention, Maintain adequate Ca and
moisture level in the soil Growth crack
Carrot root split along its length Caused by soil moisture fluctuations
throughout the growing season Prevention, water the crop more
regularly
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Harvesting and Handling
Carrots harvesting depending on varieties,70-100 days after planting
Most fresh market carrots are harvested partially mature, roots are 1.8 cm or larger in diameter at upper end
For fresh-cut processing, carrots are harvested immature to insure they are tender and sweet.
Harvesting Light irrigate the field before harvesting Dig on the bed with shovel, remove leaves
before
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Immature Carrots
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Carrot Field - Batikot