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ASAS and avionics perspectives
ASAS TN, Toulouse 19-21 apr 04
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 2/14
OverviewOverview
Key ATM improvement applications? apps serving capacity, punctuality
Which aircraft to consider? What makes up for the current ATM situation Some current in-service aircraft statistics
• quantities, make, type• the relative influx of new aircraft
To what extent can these aircraft accept change end-end application, analyze layers of the stack
Discussion apps, required mods, issues and questions; apparent limitations
Conclusion and recommendation required focus, technical issues, degree of achievable improvement
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 3/14
Key ATM improvement applicationsKey ATM improvement applications
Airline value will be in capacity and punctuality improvement Ability for more movements Each movement closer to plan
The application benefit should be “direct” to the investing airline To improve chances of returning any investment
AcronymAirborne Surveillance Applications (pack 1)
Enhanced crossing and passing operations
In-trail procedure in oceanic airspace
Enhanced sequencing and merging operations
Enhanced successive visual approaches
Enhanced visual acquisition for see & avoid
Enhanced traffic situational awareness during flight operations
Enhanced traffic situational awareness on the airport surface
ASPA-C&P
ASPA - ITP
ASPA-S&M
ATSA-SVA
ATSA-S&A
ATSA-AIRB
ATSA-SURF
ATSA = Air Traffic Situational Awareness (airborne surveillance) ASPA = Airborne Spacing (airborne surveillance)
Business improvement prospect
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 4/14
ADS-out and ADS-inADS-out and ADS-in
Awareness functions broadcast current state vector and trajectory data for others to use
Enhanced vision functions broadcast current state vector for others to receive and derive acquisition cues
Track oriented functions broadcast trajectory data for others to perform CD&R, S&M, in-trail following
Any new flight crew responsibilities? Consider procedures, training, liability Consider convergence, integrity
• Does each have the same judgment?• Need for coordination? (re ACAS)
Each aircraft: Each aircraft:
server and server and
clientclient
Each aircraft: Each aircraft:
server and server and
clientclient
Issue?Issue?Issue?Issue?
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 5/14
Applications oriented ADS-B requirementApplications oriented ADS-B requirement
XX
TxTx
RxOwnOwn
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 6/14
Applications oriented ADS-B requirementApplications oriented ADS-B requirement
YY
TxRxOwn
X
Tx
Rx
TBDTBDTBDTBD
VHF CommsVHF Comms
1030 MHz• Interrogation1030 MHz• Interrogation
1090 MHz• reply1090 MHz• reply
MMR - PVTMMR - PVT
IRS - acc/attIRS - acc/att
DADC- alt, IAS, OATDADC- alt, IAS, OAT
DME - LOPDDME - LOPD
... - ...... - ...
FMSFMS
AFCSAFCS
Flt crewFlt crew
Voice in/outVoice in/out
PVTPVT
• ES (ADS-B out)• ES (ADS-B out)
Std ‘manual’ interactionsStd ‘manual’ interactions
EFIS SGEFIS SG
EFIS (ND)EFIS (ND)
Mode S XpdrMode S Xpdr TCAS1090 RxTCAS
1090 Rx
TBDTBD
E.g SMGCSE.g SMGCS
dBasedBasedBasedBase
Data in/out (VMMR)Data in/out (VMMR)
TCP/Traj/RTATCP/Traj/RTA
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 8/14
EuMEA aircraft overview
3625575
715
823
W Eur
E Eur
MEast
Afr
Europe: 4200
MEast, Afr: 1583
2583
504 289
966
133275
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Europe Africa Middle East
wide bodies
narrow bodies
737
A320
MD80
727
757
707
A319
A321
Fo-100
0 500 1000 1500
New airplanes coming in at relatively slow rate
Which aircraft to consider? (count >70 seats)Which aircraft to consider? (count >70 seats)
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 9/14
Different counts comparedDifferent counts compared
Airbus GMF
20 years (4.5%/ann)
Europe, 3000 >6000
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 10/14
Different counts comparedDifferent counts compared
Boeing CMO
Europe, 3881 8582
20 years (~ 5%/ann)
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 11/14
To what extent can retrofit aircraft accept change?To what extent can retrofit aircraft accept change?
Application requirements Aircraft existing functions and systems
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data link
Physical
End user service
Sub networks
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 12/14
Retrofit-forward fit relationships Retrofit-forward fit relationships
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data link
Physical
Retrofit applicationRetrofit application Forward fit applicationForward fit application
SpecificSpecific• MMIMMI• end system interfaceend system interface
SpecificSpecific• RF questionsRF questions• Interference issuesInterference issues• Common HWCommon HW
OEM - SpecificOEM - Specific• System architecturesSystem architectures
• MMI optionsMMI options
OEM - SpecificOEM - Specific• IntegrationIntegration
• RF opportunitiesRF opportunities• Advanced technologyAdvanced technology
Rockwell Collins, Inc. - Proprietary Information 13/14
….. to support change….. to support change
All applications require “cooperative” aircraft Single aircraft equipage will not produce the application ADS-B “in” and “out” required
For the next 10 years existing fleet largely dominates European ATM operations New deliveries gain relative importance after 2015
Conclusion retrofit requirement However, EFIS, FMS changes? Datalink: ADS-B in/out required “Intermediate” and “top” layers of the stack required
• Surveillance processing / Applications• Man machine interface
Conclusion and recommendationConclusion and recommendation
Required focus ATM improvement aircraft focus retrofit By far largest factor on improvement
• For many years to come Technical
ADS “in” and “out”, required for any application Man - machine interface (flight crew interactions) End systems (FMS interactions) Applications development
Degree of achievable improvement Limited to relatively small procedural change
• Limited responsibility delegation to flight crew– Airline Liability question– Technical “convergence” issue
Investment dilemma Airline motivation to invest largely depends on return certainty Requires: Direct and unconditional benefit