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NSLS2Bulk Shielding calculations Methodology
P.K. JobRadiation PhysicistPeer Review 2007
March 27, 2007
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Outline
• Source Terms due to beamloss• Radiation Attenuation Lengths• Beamloss assumptions• Bulk Shielding calculation Methodology• Beam Stop Calculation Methodology• Skyshine Calculations
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Radiation Types Considered
• Bremsstrahlung from electron beamloss• Bremsstrahlung produced neutrons by Giant Resonance
Interaction• Bremsstrahlung produced high energy neutrons
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Bulk Shielding Calculational Tools
• Swanson’s Empirical Method• Sullivan’s Modification (CERN)• Shield 11 Program Based on Empirical Method• EGS4 Monte Carlo Electron-Gamma Shower Program
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Empirical Method (Swanson)Radiation Dose Equivalent Factors
Thick target bremsstrahlung source term due to electron beam loss as a function of scattering angle is given by Swanson
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Radiation Dose Equivalent Factors at 900
(comparison)
Radiation Component
Dose equivalent factors(mrem.m2/J)
(Swanson)
Dose equivalent factors(mrem.m2/J)(Sullivan)
Dose equivalent factors(mrem.m2/J)(Shield 11)
Bremsstrahlung 2.80 1.39 1.12
Giant Resonance Neutrons
0.63 0.27 0.257
High Energy Neutrons
0.075 0.043 0.068
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Empirical MethodRadiation Dose Equivalent Factors at 900
(used for the calculations)
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Radiation Dose Equivalent Factors(used for the calculations)
At 00 ( in the direction of the beam) = 8.3 E mrem.m2 / J
In the forward direction (other than 00) = 0.85 rem.m2 / J
These factors are same for all methods.
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Radiation Attenuation factors(comparison)
Radiation Component
Shielding Material
AttenuationLength (Hub)(g / cm2)
AttenuationLength (Shiel)(g / cm2)
Bremsstrahlung ConcreteLeadIron
492537
4224
33.6
Giant Resonance Neutrons
ConcreteLeadIron
40161100
309747
High Energy Neutrons
Concrete
LeadIron
65115191138
55120200145
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Radiation Attenuation factors(used for the calculations)
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Storage Ring Beamloss Scenario 1
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Storage Ring Beamloss Scenario 2
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Storage Ring Beamloss Scenarios (Summary)
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Beamloss Scenarios used for Calculations
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Bulk Shielding Calculation Methodology
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Beam Stop Calculation Methodology
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Beam Stop Dimensions
Fe Beam Stop Dimensions for the 3.5 GeV e- Beam(to Contain 99 % of the EM Shower)
35 cm (20 X0)
4.2 cm (3 M)e- Beam Fe Cylinder
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Skyshine Calculation Methodology
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Skyshine Estimates due to Booster Beam Stop