NVF – 11NVF – 11IKT strategy - Juni 2006IKT strategy - Juni 2006
NVF – 11NVF – 11IKT strategy - Juni 2006IKT strategy - Juni 2006
Politisk målsetning til transportsektoren
Målsetning til vejdirektoratet
Målsetning til IT
Areal:Areal: 103.000 km 103.000 km22
Population: Population: 300.000300.000
The road system:The road system: 13.000 km 13.000 km
Iceland
Iceland – some characteristicsIceland – some characteristics
First settlement: In the year 874, by Norwegian and Celtic immigrants
Oldest parliament in the world: In Thingvellir, from AD 930. Independent republic from 1944 Main resources: Fish, hydropower and geothermal energy Heating of houses: 98% by geothermal water Volcanic eruptions: Every 5th year on the average Almost 10% of the surface is covered by glaciers High living standard: GDP among the five highest in the world Income is unusually evenly distributed among the citizens Long life: Men number 1 in the world (78,8 years) and women
number 6 (82,6 years) No army in Iceland
Main transport characteristicsMain transport characteristics
No railway (too few inhabitants – difficult terrain) Limited domestic flight (too few passengers) Limited public transport (few inhabitants – high living
standard) Road transport is dominant (both passenger and
freight transport) Four wheel drive is common (lot of popular
highland tracks) Low volume road traffic is dominant (commonly
<300 AADT)
Total state income from carsTotal state income from cars and traffic and trafficand road fundingand road funding
Price index 2005Price index 2005
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Brb. 2005
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tekjur ma.kr vinstri ás Tekjur hlutf. af VLF. Hægri ás Til vegagerðar ma.kr vinstri ás
Transport plan objectivesTransport plan objectives
Public transportPublic transport
Passenger cars pr. 1000 inhabitants Passenger cars pr. 1000 inhabitants 1970-20041970-2004
Passenger cars pr. 1000 inhabitants Passenger cars pr. 1000 inhabitants 2002 in comparison with other countries2002 in comparison with other countries
561538
507494 491
464452 451 447 438
419 417
360 356
287
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Icel
and
Germ
any
Switzer
land
Austria
France
Belgiu
m
Sweden Us
GB
Slove
nia
Finla
nd
Norway
Denm
ark
Czech
Rep
ublic
Bulgar
ia
Road developmentRoad development
Only 35% of the total road network has asphalt pavement, the rest still has gravel surface
However, about 95% of the traffic is on paved roads
Construction and paving will still be the main task within the road sector during the next decades
Paved roads at the end of 2005Paved roads at the end of 2005 35% of total network (81% of Primary roads)35% of total network (81% of Primary roads)
Special road traffic risks in IcelandSpecial road traffic risks in Iceland
Natural hazards are common– Geological conditions– Climate
Volcanic eruptions under glaciers create Volcanic eruptions under glaciers create tremendous floodstremendous floods
EarthquakesEarthquakes
AvalanchesAvalanches
Mud flows and rock fallMud flows and rock fall
Traffic and Traffic Safety
Traffic volume - Average annual daily Traffic volume - Average annual daily traffictraffic
Umferð 2005ÁDU
9300
4700
400
6300
8800
5900
2500
60
4900
100
Estimated total veh-km in IcelandEstimated total veh-km in Iceland1989-20051989-2005
0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
Year
million veh-km.
All traffic accidents– Consequences All traffic accidents– Consequences (yearly average for 2001-2004)(yearly average for 2001-2004)
119 (1,5%)
733 (9,1%)
7199 (89,2 %)
Material damage
Accidents withslight injuries
Serious accidents
Fatal accidents
20 (0,3%)
No. of killed per 100 thousand inhabitants. Average for the period 1999-2003.
5,976,27 6,49 6,70
7,93
8,68 8,749,04
11,80
12,98
13,77
14,89
0,00
2,00
4,00
6,00
8,00
10,00
12,00
14,00
16,00
No. of seriously injured per 100 thousand inhabitants in Iceland No. of seriously injured per 100 thousand inhabitants in Iceland 1986-20041986-2004
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
No
. o
f se
rio
usl
y in
jure
d
Rural vs. urbanRural vs. urban
In the period 2001-2004 about 77% of fatal accidents occurred in rural surroundings
In the same period about 47% of all serious accidents occurred in rural surroundings
Transport research in IcelandTransport research in Iceland
Overview
Organisation Financing Research topics International co-operation
Organization 1 - overviewOrganization 1 - overview
No transport research institute exists in Iceland– Transport authorities have established R&D departments
and organize the funding– In-house research– Universities– Private consultants– Laboratories
“Bottom up” structure - initiatives often come from:– Employees of agencies– Users of the transport system– University researchers
Organization 2 - characteristicsOrganization 2 - characteristics
The transport research community is very small
– Gives a good overview– Decision making is
quick and effective– Limits the number and
size of research projects
– Makes international cooperation still more important
Road research funding Road research funding
1% of PRA's earmarked sources of income goes directly into research and development
0
200
400
600
800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
tho
us
. €
Priority programmes - RoadsPriority programmes - Roads
1995 – 2000; Pavements, base layers and aggregates – Representing approximately 35% of the total funding
allocated to R&D for roads
2001 – 2005; Road safety– Representing approximately 25% of the total funding
allocated to R&D for roads
2006 – 2010; Environmental issues,InformationTechnology
Main road research topicsMain road research topics
– Road safety– Information technology– Environmental research– Flooding, snow and avalanches, natural hazards– Pavements and aggregates– Transport Research
Major international co-operationMajor international co-operation
– EU Framework Programme– EU COST Programme– ERTRAC– OECD– FEHRL– Nordic Road and Transport Research Association– Nordic Transport Research
Small research institutions in Iceland Of importance to participate in European research Access to experts and institutions Gives opportunities for similar level of knowledge and progress
Environmental indicatorsEnvironmental indicators
CO2 emissions Land use Aggregate consumption Use of white spirit PRA´s vehicle driving distance Average traffic speed Energy use in PRA´s facilities Paper use Environmental Impact Assessment (number of projects)
CO2 emissions from road trafficCO2 emissions from road traffic
534 551 563 561 569 564 573 580 593 616 629 634 640 649 660
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Thous. tons
Weather information from 66 stationsWeather information from 66 stations
Map with winter traffic conditionsMap with winter traffic conditions
Weather informationWeather information
Wind – speed and direction Air and road temperatures Humidity Traffic
Freeze depth measuring instruments on 60 locations, some with on-line connection
Traffic countingTraffic countingOn-site collecting counters, On-line counters, Classifiing instruments, On-site collecting counters, On-line counters, Classifiing instruments,
Weather stations with traffic countersWeather stations with traffic counters
Traffic classifiers 2002Traffic classifiers 2002
Traffic Direction Speed Distance / veh. Length Axles (some) Weight (one)
Location of camerasLocation of cameras
Camera – Fagridalur, Eastern IcelandCamera – Fagridalur, Eastern Iceland
Road and weather condition information Road and weather condition information channelschannels
Telephone Internet Text TV Voice machine Variable message
signs
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