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13/30/2006 1
Energy Savings, Power Reliability, Environmental Stewardship
ORC: Field Installations and Future Potential
About UTC PowerPureComfort™
Solutions
PureCycle™
Solutions
PureCell™
Solutions
Project Profiles
Geothermal Energy GenerationIn Oil & Gas Settings
March 13-14, 2006
PureMotion™
SolutionsDepartment of Geological Sciences
Southern Methodist University
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23/30/2006 2
ORC TechnologiesField Installations and Future Potential
Geothermal Energy Generation In Oil & Gas Settings March 13-14, 2006
Halley K. DickeySales Manager
Stationary Products
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33/30/2006 3
Overview of Today’s Agenda
• Review UTC Power
• Review PureCycleTM ORC Technology
• Field Installations Data / Experience
• Future Demonstrations / Applications
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43/30/2006 4
UTC Power Overview
UTC leadership spans many markets and industries…
Pratt & WhitneyAircraft Engines, Gas Turbines &
Space Propulsion
Carrier Heating, Cooling & Refrigeration
OtisElevators,
Escalators & People Moving
Systems
UTC Fire & SecuritySecurity &
Fire Protection
SikorskyHelicoptersHamilton Sundstrand
Aerospace & IndustrialUTC Research Center
– Technology Advancement
UTC Fuel CellsOn-site &
Transportation
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53/30/2006 5
UTC Power Overview
Within those companies, a unique synergy was achieved...
Carrier Heating, Cooling & Refrigeration
UTC Fuel CellsOn-site &
Transportation
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63/30/2006 6
UTC Power Overview
Within those companies, a unique synergy was achieved...
Carrier Heating, Cooling & Refrigerationwhich led to the formation
of UTC Power…
UTC Fuel CellsOn-site &
Transportation
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73/30/2006 7
UTC Power Overview
Within those companies, a unique synergy was achieved...
which led to the formationof UTC Power…
Carrier Heating, Cooling & Refrigeration
UTC Fuel CellsOn-site &
Transportationand the introduction of
New CHP Technology Solutions…
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83/30/2006 8
On-Site Power CHP Portfolio… unsurpassed in breadth and capability.
Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power
Fuel Free Power,Zero Emissions
Reliable, Durable, Ultra Low Emissions
240M 300M 360M
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93/30/2006 9
Sustainable Energy Value Proposition
Avoided Emissions Per 1.0 MW application
650 48730003 x PureComfortTM 360M
24775035005 x PureCellTM 200
Equivalent number of
cars**Tons
Equivalent acres of forest*
Tons
Annual Avoided NOxEmissions
Annual Avoided CO2Emissions
9.5
4.8
70005 x PureCycleTM 200 1500 20.5 1000
*Each acre of forest assumed to absorb 1.3 tons Carbon/acre/year (Ref: International Panel on Climate Change)**Each car assumed to generate 38 lbm/NOx/year (Ref: US EPA)
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103/30/2006 10
Organic Rankine Cycle Solutions
PureCell™• 200 kW + Net Power output• Zero fuel costs
Works on waste heat: gas or liquidNet effective heat rate reducer
• Zero emissions Fuel free means emission freeNet effective emissions reducer
• Extended high performanceYear round payback
Multiple Configurations
PureCycleTM - Heat to Power Systems
Efficient, Clean, Fuel Free Power Solutions
Developed in partnership with the DOE Office of Distributed Energy
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113/30/2006 11
Modular Carrier ComponentsTurbine Generator – Carrier 19XR2™
Vapor Compression Cycle (VCC) Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Oil Pump
ImpellerNozzle
TR
AN
SMISSIO
N
INLET
19 XR225 Radial Turbine
EXIT
Required Modifications
GeneratorINLET
ImpellerDiffuser
TR
AN
SMISSIO
N
EXIT
19 XR225 Centrifugal Compressor
Motor
Oil Pump
Vapor Generator
Condenser
Heat In
Heat Out
Pump Generator
Power Out
Turbine
Evaporator/Cooler
Condenser
Heat Out
Heat In
Expansion Valve Motor
Power In
Comp
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123/30/2006 12
Modular Carrier ComponentsTurbine Generator – Carrier 19XR2™
IMPELLERIMPELLERWHEELWHEEL
PIPEPIPEDIFFUSERDIFFUSER
IMPELLERIMPELLERWHEEL ASWHEEL ASTURBINETURBINEROTORROTOR
PIPEPIPEDIFFUSERDIFFUSERASASTURBINETURBINENOZZLENOZZLE
Compressor Operation:Cut-away Of Impeller (Spinning Clockwise)
and Pipe Diffuser (Radial Outward Flow)
Turbine Operation:Cut-away Of Impeller
(Spinning Counter-clockwise) and Pipe Diffuser
(Radial Inward Flow)
Adaptation of Existing Hardware - Compressor versus Turbine Operation
Impeller, nozzle and shroud – only changes to compressor
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133/30/2006 13
PureCycleTM: Project Profiles
Past Field Installations:• US Energy – IL
Present Installations and Demonstrations:• Austin Energy – TX• UTRC - CT• Inland Empire Utilities Agency - CA• Seneca Meadows, NY• Chena Hot Springs – AK
Future Potential Applications:•Geothermal• Oil & Gas• Offshore Platform
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143/30/2006 14
PureCycle™ 200 - Field Installations
• Over 7,000 Total Cumulative Hours @ 3 Sites• Gather Durability, Reliability and Performance Data • Test bed for product improvements – hard / soft
• Performance within +/- 3% of Predictions
Landfill Flare
Austin Energy (Austin, TX)
Landfill Recip Exhaust
US Energy (Danville, IL)
Process
UTRC (Hartford, CT)(2 units operating)
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153/30/2006 15
PureCycleTM Field Tests: Purpose and Goals
UTC / UTRC / Field tested to:
• Gain operational experience • Gather reliability and performance data• Test product improvements:
– Remote operation / management / diagnosis– Controller and software modifications evaluation– Heat management control
• PureCycleTM experience– Lessons learned– Field experience
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163/30/2006 16
PureCycleTM: Project Profiles
Past Field Installations:• US Energy – IL
Present Installations and Demonstrations:• Austin Energy – TX• UTRC - CT• Inland Empire Utilities Agency - CA• Seneca Meadows, NY• Chena Hot Springs - AK
Future Potential Applications:• Geothermal• Oil & Gas• Offshore Platform
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173/30/2006 17
Landfill Reciprocating Engines – Danville, Illinois
US Energy / BioGasDanville, IL (Landfill)(3) J320 Jenbacher
• Commercial agreement - June 2003– US Energy
• Secured permits and approvals• Provides on-site technician support
– UTC Power provides turn-key installation via Carrier Service• One (1) year field trial period• Start-Up Q1, 2004
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183/30/2006 18
Landfill Reciprocating Engines – Danville, Illinois
• (3) 987KW Jenbacher’s
• Extensive exhaust ducting
• Drawbacks:– Initiall design required all (3) engines operating to produce power.– Only (1) engine operating continuously– PureCycle’s availability – designed for (3) Jenbacher’s running.
• Lessons Learned: – Select sites with verified availability and capacity
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193/30/2006 19
Economics
PureCycleTM – Air Cooled Condenser
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203/30/2006 20
PureCycleTM: Project Profiles
Past Field Installations:• US Energy – IL
Present Installations and Demonstrations:• Austin Energy – TX• UTRC - CT• Inland Empire Utilities Agency - CA• Seneca Meadows, NY• Chena Hot Springs - AK
Future Potential Applications:• Geothermal• Oil & Gas• Offshore Platform
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213/30/2006 21
Landfill Flare – Austin, TX
• Municipal Solid Waste Facility• Commercial agreement - June 2003• Installation/design - third-party engineers - Sept 2003• Start-Up Q1, 2004• Unattended operation began late March 2004
• Still operating today …
Austin EnergyAustin, TX (Landfill)Open Flare
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223/30/2006 22
Landfill Flare – Austin, TX
Austin EnergyAustin, TX (Landfill)Open Flare
• Attached to a candle flare• Separate Heat Recovery System (HRS) required• Drawbacks:
– Flare instability delayed completion… hampers current operation
• Lesson Learned - Know your heat source
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233/30/2006 23
Landfill Flare – Austin, TX
28-31, July 05
Average Power Index: 1.03
Average Heat Index: 0.70
Average Ambient Temp: 82oF
Max Net Power: 164.7 KW
Operating Hours: 68.1
Heat Source Availability: 1.0
Run Time Availability: 0.95
Gross Availability: 0.95
09 - 14, August 05
Average Power Index: 1.02
Average Heat Index: 0.78
Average Ambient Temp: 83oF
Max Net Power: 203.7 KW
Operating Hours: 126
Heat Source Availability: 0.98
Run Time Availability: 1.00
Gross Availability: 0.97
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243/30/2006 24
Inland Empire Utilities Agency – Chino, CA
• Commercial agreement - June 2005• Startup September 06• Scope:
– IEUA• Secures permits and approvals• Installation and interconnection
– UTC Power• Equipment and support
IEUAChino, CAAnaerobic Digester Gas Reciprocating Engines
• LEED Platinum Facility (1 of 3)• Largest manure digester in the world• Premium CHP technology showcase:
• ORC• ADG Reciprocating engines• ADG Microturbines• Absorption waste heat cooling• Sterling engine• ADG Fuel cells (future)
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253/30/2006 25
Inland Empire Utilities Agency – Chino, CA• ADG Reciprocating Engine Exhaust - (2) CAT G3608’s• Waste heat at ~ 8500 F• ~ 200 KW Output• Using Waste Heat from Water Cooled Condenser:
• Providing hot water to laundry customer• Raise 500 GPM - 250F
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263/30/2006 26
Inland Empire Utilities Agency – Chino, CA
w/o CHP - Condenser Water Heat Recovery – 250F Delta T
• Recover waste heat from engines…
• Offset retail electric rates … produce Clean Power– At $0.14/kWh and 8,000 hr / yr = $200,000 Annual Savings.
Net Annual Savings Over $ 200,000.
• Potential for: Renewable energy credits / State incentives
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273/30/2006 27
Inland Empire Utilities Agency – Chino, CA
w/o Condenser Water Heat Recovery – 250F Delta T
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283/30/2006 28
Inland Empire Utilities Agency – Chino, CA
CHP - Condenser Water Heat Recovery – 250F Delta T
• Recover waste heat• Offset gas consumption… produce Hot Water
– Temp increase: 250F - 500 gpm = 6.25 MMBtu/hr– At $8/MMbtu and 8,000 hr / yr = $380,000 Annual Savings.
• Offset retail electric rates … produce Clean Power– At $0.14/kWh and 8,000 hr / yr = $200,000 Annual Savings.–
Net Annual Savings Over $ 580,000.
• Potential for: Renewable energy credits / State incentives
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293/30/2006 29
Inland Empire Utilities Agency – Chino, CA
Condenser Water Heat Recovery – 250F Delta T
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303/30/2006 30
Seneca Meadows – NY
• Ship Q3, 2006
• Integrated Combined Heat Power– Utilizing the ORC Heat Rejection– Heating Tomato Hot House
Seneca Meadows, NYReciprocating EnginesTomato Hot House
Reciprocating Engine Integration Seneca Meadows, NY
>20MW
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313/30/2006 31
Chena Hot Springs – AK
Geothermal Power Chena Hot Springs, Alaska
>400MW
Water Temperature at Surface
Less than 200Greater than 200
Chena Hot Springs
• Ship April 15, 2006• Lowest Geothermal Temperature
Application of ORC in the World• Premium CHP technology showcase:
– ORC– Aqueous Ammonia Absorption– Biomass– Hydrogen
Chena Hot Springs, AKGeothermal Resource
• Geothermal Temp: 1650 F• Cooling Temp: 380 F• Working Fluid: R134a
Office of Geothermal Technologies
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323/30/2006 32
Chena Hot Springs – AK
Carrier Condenser
Carrier Evaporator
CarrierGenerator
CarrierTurbine
Pump
Carrier SupplierPump Inverter
Carrier SupplierControl Panel
Carrier SupplierPowerElectronics
* 90% Carrier COTS
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333/30/2006 33
Chena Hot Springs – AK
Mar02,06 - b: Water temperatures only
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
12:00:00PM
1:12:00PM
2:24:00PM
3:36:00PM
4:48:00PM
Tem
pera
ture
(F)
CondEWTEvapEWTCondLWT
Mar02,06 - b (Generator power - Ref. Pump Power)
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
12:00:00 PM 1:12:00 PM 2:24:00 PM 3:36:00 PM 4:48:00 PM
Net
Pow
er (k
W)
Power consumed by pump before generation.
Greater than 200 kW net power…
… even though cold water is ~10F warmer than Chena.
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343/30/2006 34
Chena Hot Springs – AK
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353/30/2006 35
Chena Hot Springs – AK
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363/30/2006 36
Chena Hot Springs – AK
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373/30/2006 37
Chena Hot Springs – AK
Offsetting diesel powered generation costs ~ $0.30 / kwh
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383/30/2006 38
PureCycleTM: Project Profiles
Past Field Installations:• US Energy – IL
Present Installations and Demonstrations:• Austin Energy – TX• UTRC - CT• Inland Empire Utilities Agency - CA• Seneca Meadows, NY• Chena Hot Springs - AK
Future Potential Applications:• Geothermal• Oil & Gas• Offshore Platform
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393/30/2006 39
Geothermal and Oil & Gas Markets
• Small Binary plant for low to med temp• Deployed on a distributed basis• Develop resource - positive cash flow• Could be well head - or centralized• Abandon/capped: 200-250+0 F
Oil & Gas Locations
Geothermal
• Small Binary plant for low to med temp• Deployed on a distributed basis• Develop resource - positive cash flow• Could be well head - or centralized• Abandon/capped: 200-250+0 F
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403/30/2006 40
Offshore Oil & Gas Platform
• Utilizing hot liquid resource– Hot oil– Hot water– Enhanced production
• Utilizing seawater for condensing - at or below thermocline– Increased ORC cycle efficiency– Utilize lower temperature resources (thermocline: 530 F @ 500’, 430 F @ 1000’)– Offset platform base load electrical energy requirements– Utilize the ORC Heat Rejection for on-platform heating
Offshore PlatformsORC Power GenerationHot Liquid Resource
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413/30/2006 41
Plan of Action – what’s next?Near-term focus: demonstrate reliability on geothermal resource
• Pick fruit off the ground…– Existing oil & gas wells w/ water injection– Pumping hot liquid: 200 – 250 – 300+ 0 F– Pumping wells with diesel power– Customer side of the meter: $0.17 - $0.30 (payback @ < 1.0 year)
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Plan of Action – what’s next?Near-term focus: demonstrate reliability on geothermal resource
• Pick fruit off the ground…– Existing oil & gas wells w/ water injection– Pumping hot liquid: 200 – 250 – 300+ 0 F– Pumping wells with diesel power– Customer side of the meter: $0.17 - $0.30 (payback @ < 1.0 year)
• Pick low hanging fruit…– All power consumed on site– Pumping hot liquid: 200 – 250 – 300+ 0 F– Customer side of the meter: $0.08 - $0.12 (payback @ < 3.0 years)
![Page 43: ORC: Field Installations and Future Potentialgpw.alaskaenergy.govtools.us/documents/support... · ORC: Field Installations and Future Potential ... which led to the formation & Refrigeration](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022051601/5acb72807f8b9a875a8b5946/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
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Plan of Action – what’s next?Near-term focus: demonstrate reliability on geothermal resource
• Pick fruit off the ground…– Existing water injection– Pumping hot liquid: 200 – 250 – 300+ 0 F– Pumping wells with diesel power– Customer side of the meter: $0.17 - $0.30 (payback @ < 1.0 year)
• Pick low hanging fruit…– All power consumed on site– Pumping hot liquid: 200 – 250 – 300+ 0 F– Customer side of the meter: $0.08 - $0.12 (payback @ < 3.0 years)
• Get a short ladder…– Export to the grid– Pumping hot liquid: 200 – 250 – 300+ 0 F– Utility wholesale purchase: $0.06 - $0.07 (payback @ < 5.0 years)
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(909) 838-6235
Thank you.Geothermal Energy Generation In Oil & Gas Settings
Department of Geological Sciences - Southern Methodist University