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Overview
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Introduction to .NET
A distributed object computing architecture
platform for building
web-based applications
web services
stand-alone application
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Building blocks
Windows server
Visual Studio.NET
SQL Server 2000 BizTalk Server 2000
Commerce Server 2000
Exchange Server Mobile Information 2001 Server
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History and evolution of .NET
MS-DOS
Win32
COM and ActiveX ASP
DNA (Distributed interNet Architecture)
.NET Framework .NetFxlate 1990
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.NET Framework
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Features
Language Independence
Interoperability
Base Class Library
Common Runtime Engine Portability
Security
Multi-language development Messaging Memory Management
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Changes in 2.0 - a big leap from 1.1
Numerous API changes. A new hosting API for native applications wishing to host
an instance of the .NET runtime.
Full 64-bit support for both the x64 and the IA64 hardware
platforms. Language support for Generics built directly into the .NETCLR.
Many additional and improved ASP.NET web controls.
New data controls with declarative data binding.
New personalization features for ASP.NET, such assupport for themes, skins and webparts.
.NET Micro Framework - a version of the .NETFramework related to the Smart Personal Objects
Technology initiative.
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CLI and CLR
Common Language Infrastructure CLI provides a language-agnostic platform for
application development deployment and execution
exception handling garbage collection security interoperability
Threading
Microsoft's implementation of the CLI is called theCommon Language Runtime (or CLR. )
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CLS
The Common Language Specification
It is a set of base rules to which any language targeting
the CLR should conform in order to interoperate with
other CLS-compliant languages.
The CLS rules define a subset of the Common Type
System.
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CTS
Common Type System
It is a standard that specifies how Type definitions and
specific values of Types are represented in computer
memory.
It is intended to allow programs written in different
programming languages to easily share information.
VB CLS C#
C++
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Languages Supported by .NET
C#
C++
VB
J#
PRIMARY LANGUAGES
JScript Perl
Cobol
SmallTalk
Scheme
Python
And many more
Any language that implements CLS could be
part of .NET languages
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.NET compilation model
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CIL
Common Intermediate Language or Microsoft
Intermediate Language or MSIL
It is the lowest-level human-readable
programming language in the CommonLanguage Infrastructure.
Languages which target the .NET Framework
compile to CIL, which is assembled into
bytecode.
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BCL
The Base Class Library (BCL) is a standardlibrary available to all languages using the .NETFramework.
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.NET metadata
Refers to certain data structures embedded within theCommon Intermediate Language code that describes thehigh-level structure of the code.
A .NET language compiler will generate the metadata
and store this in the assembly containing the CIL. Metadata describes all classes and members that are
defined in the assembly. When the CLR executes CIL itwill check to make sure that the metadata of the calledmethod is the same as the metadata that is stored in the
calling method. Developers can add metadata to their code through
attributes.
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ADO.NET
Library gives database Support in .NET
It is a part of the base class library
Visual Studio can be used to create create
specialized subclasses of the DataSet classesfor a particular database schema
ADO is ActiveX Data Objects
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ASP.NET
ASP.NET is a web application framework to builddynamic web sites, web applications and web services .
successor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP)
technology.
Uses IIS as application server.
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Winforms
Winforms is GUI application programming
interface (API) included as a part of Microsoft's
.NET Framework.
It provides access to the native MicrosoftWindows interface elements by wrapping the
existing Windows API in managed code.
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Managed vs. Unmanaged code
Managed Code makes use of CLR services andunmanaged code does not use any services
Managed code is code written in one of .NET languages (C#, J#, Visual Basic, C++).
Using managed code many programming errors that leadto security holes, unsafe type casting, memory errors canbe avoided.
The Microsoft .NET Framework allows interaction withCOM components, COM+ services, external typelibraries, and many operating system services.
COM components, ActiveX interfaces, and Win32 APIfunctions are examples of unmanaged code.
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Visual Studio
IDE for creating .NET applications which are Console based
Web based
Windows form based
Web services
Features
Page design
Automatic error detection Debugging tools
IntelliSense
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Versions
Visual Studio 6.0
Visual Studio .NET (2002)
Visual Studio .NET 2003 Visual Studio 2005
ASP.NET 2.0
Visual Studio 2008 ASP.NET 3.5
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Introduction to assemblies
Assemblies are self-describing installation units,consisting of one or more files.
An assembly contains a set of files :- IntermediateLanguage (IL) code, meta data and manifest file for an
application. It is automatically generated by the compiler upon
successful compilation of every .NET application.
It can be either a Dynamic Link Library or anexecutable file.
It is generated only once for an application and uponeach subsequent compilation the assembly getsupdated.
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Assemblies benefits
Assemblies advantages (over Older COM/DLLs)
Version
Not entry required in windows registry
Can be private or shared