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WATER WARS
PA AWWA CONFERENCE APRIL 5, 2013
HERSHEY LODGE
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DENNIS C. BECK
AWWA - Life Member WWOAP – Life Member
Cambria County Conservation District W. PA Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation
Trout Run Watershed Association Central Mainline Sewer Authority
PA Rural Water Association
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“WHISKEY IS FOR DRINKING”
“WATER IS FOR FIGHTING”
MARK TWAIN
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IN WINE THERE IS WISDOM
IN BEER THERE IS FREEDOM
IN WATER THERE IS BACTERIA
BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
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CNN REPORT BY Jason Mike MARCH 22, 2013
“THE COMING WATER WARS” PACIFIC INSTUTUTE LISTS 225 CONFLICTS IN HISTORY BUT
HALF HAVE BEEN IN THE
LAST 20 YEARS
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THE WEATHER CHANNEL (1/14/13) U.S. DROUGHT
3rd HIGHEST SEVERE TO EXTREME PERCENTAGE ON RECORD
2012 WARMEST YEAR ON RECORD FOR U.S.
LOWER 48 – 2012 DRIEST YEAR SINCE 1988
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TOP 10 DRIEST YEAR IN 2012 DEL – GA – ILL – MO – ARK – KAN –
CO N. MEX – 2nd DRIEST YEAR ON
RECORD AU CONTRARE
NORTH EAST – GULF COAST – PACIFIC N’WEST – WETTER THAN
AVERAGE
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NEXT GREAT CONFLICTS WILL BE BASED ON WHO HAS
THE WATER
AND WHO WANTS THE WATER!!!!!!
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PENNSYLVANIA
NEAR WAR IN JANUARY 2004
OVER TAPPING INTO NEW WATER LINE
NOT A SHORTAGE
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WATER WARS ARIZONA 1934
NAT’L GUARD WITH CANNONS
PATROLED THE COLORADO RIVER TO PREVENT PARKER DAM AND CA FROM STEALING WATER
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CHINA 1999 2 LOCAL GOVERNMENTS WENT TO
WAR OVER WATER BETWEEN BEIJING AND SHANGHAI
BOMBED WATER CANALS FOR WATER
100 PEOPLE KILLED (THE RIPPLE EFFECT)
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CELEDIN – PERUVIAN MOUNTAINS 2-13-2013
CROWDS HURLED ROCKS TWO OFFICERS AND A SOLDIER
SHOT – ONE DIED 3 OTHER PEOPLE SHOT AND KILLED AND 2O WOUNDED
GOLD AND COPPER MINE WATER
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1998
TURKEY VS. SYRIA RIGHTS TO TIGRIS/EUPHRATES
RIVER WATER
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CONFLICTS AT U.S. SUPREME COURT
DRBC
TEXAS vs NEW MEXICO
GEORGIA vs TENNESSEE
MICHIGAN vs NESTLE
MONTANA vs NORTH DAKOTA
KANSAS vs NEBRASKA vs COLORADO
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DELEWARE RIVER COMPACT
SUPREME COURT DECISION ON WHO GETS HOW MUCH
APPOINTED A “WATER MARSHALL”
TO CONTROL WITHDRAWALS
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CAMBRIA COUNTY
PRE DRILLING TESTING
SMALL EXPLOSIVES OR SOUNDING TRUCKS TO DETERMINE DEPTH AND THICKNESS OF MARCELLUS SHALE
PORTAGE WATER AUTHORITY
(MUNICIPAL AUTHORITY OF THE BOROUGH OF PORTAGE)
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MARCH 10, 2013 AP
30 MILES NORTH OF PITTSBURGH IN WOODLANDS
CONTAMINATED WELLS
DEP EPA
JOHN STOLTZ - UNIV OF PGH
GROUNDWATER PROTECTION COUNCIL - OKLAHOMA
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DECEMBER 27, 2010 PITTSBURGH WATER HIGH IN
CHROMIUM-6 (ERIN BROCOVICH) STUDY TESTED 35 CITIES –
31 POSITIVE PITTSBURGH – 0.88 PPB NORMAN, OK – 12.9 PPB EPA REQUIRES <100 PPB
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December 2010 Indiana County CHEC (CENTER FOR HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENTS AND COMMUNITIES) WASTEWATER DISCHARGE
BARIUM – 14X OVER STANDARD STRONTIUM 746X HIGHER
BENZENE – 2X HIGHER TDS – 373 X HIGHER
FOODANDWATERWATCH.ORG
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NYTIMES ARTICLE 2011 FRAC WATER TESTED IN PA AND
WVA 240 WELLS TESTED
116 HAD RADIATION 100X HIGHER THAN STANDARD 15 HAD RADIATION 1000X HIGHER
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2010
RIVER LEVELS LOW IN PITTSBURGH AREA – ESPECIALLY THE MONONGAHELA RIVER
TDS OR CONDUCTIVITY EXCEEDED SECONDARY STANDARD LIMITS
(ESTHETIC QUALITY – TASTE - SMELL)
NOT HEALTH THREAT
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2010
PITTSBURGH & BEAVER FALLS
ALLEGHENY RIVER AND BEAVER RIVERS
EXCESSIVE LEVELS OF TTHM’S
MAINLY BROMOFORM???
SUSPECTED SOURCE WAS FRAC WATER RUN THRU WASTEWATER PLANTS
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*****HOT FLASH!****
SENATE RESOLUTION 39
STUDY FEES FOR CONSUMPTIVE USE AND DEGRADATION OF WATER IN PA
SENATOR ALLOWAY
REFERRED TO Senate Environmental Resources and Energy Comm. On
March 13, 2013
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HIGHER DEMAND FOR WATER
10 BILLION GAL/DAY WITHDRAWN
BILLIONS NEVER RETURNED TO WATER CYCLE OR RETURNED DEGRADED
COMMONWEALTH NOT COMPENSATED FOR THIS
STATE CONSTITUTION – PA CITIZENS HAVE A RIGHT TO CLEAN WATER
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PITTSBURGH WATER AND SEWER AND
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH STUDY ON RADIUM/STRONTIUM
RATIOS ON THE ALLEGHENY RIVER 2012-2013
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DRBC REGULATING THE DELEWARE RIVER
BASIN AND WITHDRAWALS
SRBC
REGULATING THE SUSQUEHANNA RIVER BASIN
AND WITHDRAWALS
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OHIO RIVER BASIN
NEXT AREA OF CONCERN NO CENTRAL AUTHORITY
OR COMMISSION
ORSANCO
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WATER WARS PA-NJ-DEL
DELEWARE RIVER COMPACT
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OREGON WATER WARS ON THE McKENZIE RIVER
WATER BARONS OF OREGON
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OREGON vs CALIFORNIA KLAMUTH RIVER REMOVE DAMS
RESTORE SALMON RUNS WATER FOR FARMERS
WATER FOR TRIBES MONEY NOT APPROPRIATED
2020
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GEORGIA vs TENNESSEE GEORGIA WANTS LAND ACCESS TO
THE TENNESSEE RIVER 1796 TN admitted to Union-
Congress defined the border as the 35th Parallel
Survey hindered by river and Indians -Moved border south of the river
If corrected – Memphis would be in GA Congress is not going to change it
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GEORGIA WINS LEGAL BATTLE IN
WATER WARS
COURT DELAYS INPLEMENTATION OF
RESTRICTIONS FROM LAKE LANIER
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MONTANA VS. WYOMING AND
NORTH DAKOTA
SPECIAL MASTER APPOINTED BY THE SUPREME COURT
YELLOWSTONE RIVER
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WATER WARS
KANSAS/NEBRASKA/COLORADO REPUBLICAN RIVER CONFLICT HAS GONE TO THE
SUPREME COURT (2-6-2013)
RIGHTS TO BILLIONS OF GALLONS OF WATER
NEB-49%; KAN. 40%; CO 11%
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TEXAS vs NEW MEXICO SUPREME COURT
1-9-2013 WATER SHARES FROM RIO GRANDE FOR TEXAS, NEW MEXICO AND COLORADO
1938 RIO GRANDE COMPACT
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TEXAS vs NEW MEXICO
ACCESS TO RIO GRANDE U.S. SUPREME COURT
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FLORIDA SALT WATER INTRUSION
DANIA BEACH POMPANO BEACH
HALLENDALE BEACH LATANA
LAKE WORTH
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S. FLORIDA WATER DISTRICT SPENDING $1.34B
TO BUY 73,000 HECTARE 180,000 ACRES OF EVERGLADES FOR RESTORATION OF STORAGE
CAPACITY
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WATER WARS GREAT LAKES
NUMEROUS ATTEMPTS TO PIPE
WATER TO MID-WEST AND SOUTH WEST
2008 GREAT LAKES COMPACT
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GREAT LAKES SUPPLY 1 IN 3 CANADIANS
WITH WATER 35 MILLION US CITIZENS AND 8
MILLION CANADIANS LIVE NEAR OR BORDER ONTHE GREAT LAKES
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February 7, 2013
Lake Huron and Lake Michigan Hit lowest levels since 1918
29” below long term average
And will fall more
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MARCH 31, 2013 (AP)
GREAT LAKES
LAKE SUPERIOR – 13” LOWER
SHIPPERS LEAVING 10-15% CARGO ON DOCKS
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WYOMING 1980
PROPOSAL TO BUILD PIPELINE TO THE GREAT LAKES FOR WATER AND
RETURN WATER AS COAL SLURRY FOR INDUSTRY
RATHER THAN SHIP THE COAL
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MICHIGAN vs NESTLE’S 250GPM WOULD LOWER STREAM
FLOW BY 28% AND LAKE MICHIGAN BY 6 INCHES
COURT BATTLES STILL ONGOING REAL TEST CAN THEY EXPORT WATER OUT OF WATERSHED
U.S. SUPREME COURT DECISION
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MAINE
POLAND WATER (NESTLE) 700 MILLION GALLONS/YEAR
ABSOLUTE DOMINION RULE PUMP GROUND WATER REGARDLESS OF
IMPACT NO RESTRICTION ON LARGE
WITHDRAWALS
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MINNESOTA
RED RIVER* LEVELS RAISE FEARS FOR WATER SUPPLIES
OCTOBER 15, 2012
• RIVER LEVELS NOW AT FLOOD STAGE
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WATERS WARS T. BOONE PICKENS
BOUGHT WATER RIGHTS TO
OGALALLA AQUIFER AND WANTS TO PIPE IT TO DALLAS/FT. WORTH
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ALASKA
BRISTOL BAY (not bristol palin)
Silver and Molybdenum Mine
PIT – 2 MILES WIDE AND 1700 FEET DEEP HOLDING WASTE WATER FROM THE
MINE
PROPOSAL TO SELL WATER FROM SITKA, AK TO ASIA??
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MIDDLE EAST JORDAN RIVER
LEBANON vs ISRAEL vs SYRIA vs WEST BANK
TIGRIS – EUPHRATES RIVERS
SYRIA vs IRAQ vs TURKEY
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AFRICA VOLTA RIVER
ZAMBIA vs MALAWI ZAMBEZI RIVER
ZIMBABWE vs MOZAMBIQUE NIGER RIVER BASIN
NIGER vs MALI vs NIGERIA vs CHAD vs CAMEROON vs GUINEA
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ASIA INDUS RIVER
INDIA vs PAKISTAN GANGES RIVER
POLLUTED CHINA
50% SURFACE WATER TOO POLLUTED TO USE
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NEXT GREAT CONFLICTS WILL BE BASED ON WHO HAS
THE WATER
AND WHO WANTS THE WATER!!!!!!
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FUTURE PRECIPITATION FORECASTS ALL POINT TO THIS CONCLUSION
THE EARTH IS WARMING
THERE WILL BE MORE MOISTURE IN THE ATMOSPHERE
THERE WILL BE MORE SEVERE STORMS THERE WILL BE AREAS THAT RECEIVE
MORE RAIN AND AREAS THAT WILL RECEIVE LESS RAIN
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TOP 7 DRIEST YEAR IN 2012 DEL – GA – ILL – MO – ARK – KAN –
CO N. MEX – 2nd DRIEST YEAR ON
RECORD AU CONTRARE
NORTH EAST – GULF COAST – PACIFIC N’WEST – WETTER THAN
AVERAGE
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THE WEATHER CHANNEL (1/14/13) U.S. DROUGHT
3rd HIGHEST SEVERE TO EXTREME PERCENTAGE ON RECORD
2012 WARMEST YEAR ON RECORD FOR U.S.
LOWER 48 – 2012 DRIEST YEAR SINCE 1988
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CNN REPORT BY Jason Mike MARCH 22, 2013
“THE COMING WATER WARS” PACIFIC INSTUTUTE LISTS 225 CONFLICTS IN HISTORY BUT
HALF HAVE BEEN IN THE
LAST 20 YEARS
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SO HERE IS PROBLEM #1
WE HAVE 8% MORE PEOPLE DEMANDING THE SAME
AMOUNT OF CLEAN WATER
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PROBLEM #2
THE WATER IS NOT WHERE THE PEOPLE ARE!!!!!!!!!!
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THIS IS THE BASIS FOR THE WATER WARS ACROSS THE
WORLD
AND ALSO IN THE U.S.
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USEPA 1970
85% POLLUTION CAME FROM POINT SOURCES
2010
85% OF POLLUTION IS NOW FROM NON-POINT SOURCES
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PENNSYLVANIA AND ALASKA
ONLY 2 STATES TO HAVE NO REGULATIONS ON PRIVATE
WATER WELLS
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43 MILLION AMERICANS GET THEIR DRINKING WATER FROM
“SELF SUPPLIED SOURCES: (USUALLY WELLS)
15 % OF OUR POPULATION
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PADEP
AREAS OF CONCERN
POSSIBLE REGULATIONS (MAY BE ANOTHER CAUSE OF A
WATER WAR???)
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PADEP
DROUGHT CONTINGENCY PLANS
TRUE VALUE COST OF WATER (NEEDS TO INCLUDE CONTINGENCY FUND)
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WATER UTILITIES NEED TO MAKE AN ATTEMPT TO PREDICT THE
EFFECTS OF INCREASED TEMPERATURES AND DEVELOP
MITIGATION AND ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES
HIGHER TEMPS = ALGAE INCREASE IN STORM SEVERITY =
TURBIDITY
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CLIMATE VARIABILITY INCLUDED IN VULNERABILITY
ASSESSMENT MORE INTENSE STORMS
LESS FREQUENT PRECIPITATION LONGER DROUGHTS
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GLOBAL TEMPS RISE MORE EVAPORATION = MORE PRECIPITATION
CLAUSIUS-CLAPERYON EQUATION
1 DEGREE CELCIUS AIR TEMP = 7% INCREASE IN WATER HOLDING CAPACITY OF THE ATMOSPHERE
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SO
ARE YOU READY?? DOES YOUR SYSTEM HAVE A
THREAT OF EXCESS WASTE OR SHORTAGE OR LEAKAGE??
YOU NEED TO LOOK AND TALK
ABOUT IT!!!
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WHERE DO WE USE WATER? LAWN AND OUTSIDE USE = 70%
INSIDE USE = 30% TOILETS – 26% OF INSIDE WATER
LAUNDRY – 21% OF INSIDE WATER SHOWER 17% OF INSIDE WATER
SINKS 16% OF INSIDE WATER
LESS THAN 1% IS USED FOR DRINKING AND COOKING
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NASA
32 MILLION ACRES OF LAWNS
3X MORE ACREAGE THAN CORN
LAWNS USE 2X MORE WATER THAN INSIDE USE
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HOW MUCH WATER DOES IT TAKE???? 1 ROLL OF TOILET PAPER – 75-150 GAL.
# BEETS – 1800 GALLONS GALLON OF WINE – 1000 GALLONS
TEE SHIRT – 700 GALLONS # OF BEEF – 1857 GALLONS
GLASS OF BEER – 20 GALLONS CUP OF COFFEE – 37 GALLONS # OF CHICKEN – 469 GALLONS
CAR IN USA – 50X WEIGHT IN WATER
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SAFE, RELIABLE WATER SYSTEMS
ATTRACT BUSINESSES AND MANUFACTURERS AND CAN
DETERMINE WHETHER A BUSINESS EXPANDS
AWWA.ORG/OPFLOW 3/2013
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WATER NOT OIL
WILL DETERMINE INDUSTRY LOCATIONS
IT WILL LIMIT CHINA’S GROWTH
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BROOMFIELD, CO (1-1-2013) $3.52/1000 GAL $50.00 TAP FEE HOWEVER!!!!!! THEY HAVE A
WATER LICENSE FEE PER T.E. TAP EQUIVALENT=
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TAP EQUIVALENT =
$22,454.00
E.R.U. – EQUIVALET RESIDENTIAL UNIT
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COST OF WATER – 10,000 GALLONS PA AVERAGE $33.00
PORTAGE, PA $82.81
EBENSBURG, PA $77.75
FARMINGTON NM $55.75
SALIDA CO $85.25
LAS VEGAS NV $13.37
LOS ANGELES CA $48.52-$52.98* 6 PEOPLE
JAY TOWNSHIP, PA $56.00
BIG BEND CO $34.81
DENVER (INSIDE), CO $35.20
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NEDA SIMEONOVA WATER AND WASTE DIGEST
JANUARY 2013 7 BILLION GALLONS/ DAY LEAKAGE
UNITED STATES WATER UTILITIES
AWWA.ORG/OPFLOW 3/2013
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LEAKING AND BROKEN PIPES
ACCOUNT FOR NEARLY
2 TRILLION GALLONS OF TREATED WATER LOST
PER YEAR LOST REVENUE
COST OF TREATMENT
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USEPA ESTIMATES
17% WATER LOSS ACROSS STATES
IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
BOSTON 30%
LONDON – 50%
(Ripple Effect)
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LAS VEGAS
CITY IN THE DESERT
LAS VEGAS VALLEY HAS SUNK 6 FEET IN 50 YEARS DUE TO
GROUNDWATER WITHDRAWAL
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LAKE MEAD LEVELS LOWEST LEVEL WAS
NOV. 2010 1081.9’ JAN. 2011 1087’ JAN. 2012 1133’ JAN 2013 1120’
1050’ NO POWER 1125’ DROUGHT RESTRICTIONS
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LAS VEGAS, ARIZONA AND MEXICO
ALLOWS MEXICO TO BANK EXCESS WATER IN SPRING RUNOFF
TO USE IN LOW FLOW TIMES
ALSO LOOKING TO BUILD A DESALINATION PLANT IN MEXICO PAID
FOR BY NEVADA AND ARIZONA -
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PAT MULROY HEAD OF SOUTHERN NEVADA
WATER AUTHORITY (SNWA)
PROPOSED PIPING MISSISSIPPI FLOOD WATERS TO REPLENISH THE
OGALLALA AQUIFER
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LOS ANGELES, CA
LADWP
LOS ANGELES DEPARTMENT
OF WATER AND “POWER”