![Page 1: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks
growing in a Northern climateMekjell Meland, Bioforsk Ullensvang
Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research
![Page 2: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Norway, Bioforsk and Ullensvang
Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research
x
![Page 3: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Norwegian sweet cherry production
*
• July and August is the main harvest seasons• Short and relatively cool growing season
• Winter and spring frost rarely occurs
• International cultivars produce good quality fruit
• All sweet cherry orchards have rain covers
Three-wire rain cover system
Haygrove tunnels
![Page 4: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Sweet cherry variety and rootstock testing in Norway• Aim: Find productive and high quality varieties
adopting to the Norwegian environment with differentharvest windows from July to end of August
• Main characteristics: Good flavour, high annual yields, selvfertile, large and firm fruits, cracking tolerance, good shelf life, dwarfing trees, high efficiency
![Page 5: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Why use a rootstock
- Difficult to propogate the scion - Give the tree important characteristics
![Page 6: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Important characteristics
• Regulating tree growth • Eraly and large yields • Good anchorage in the soil • Frost- og drought tolerance • Little rootsuckers • Compatibility between rootstock and
scion • Resistance /tolerance different pests • Easy to propagate
![Page 7: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Different growth vigour
![Page 8: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Sweet cherry rootstocks – differentcharacteristics
Compatibility Good for P. avium seedlings Variable for P. cerasus Interstocks Not common in use Grafting height Little effect on the growth vigour Soil Differences in drought tolerance and mineral uptake Pests Limited. Some tolerance to diseases, bacteria, viruses and nematodes
![Page 9: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Sweet cherry – from large trees to highdensity, dwarfing trees
*
![Page 10: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Cherry rootstocks - origins
- Prunus avium, - heavy growth Seedling Clone (F.12/1)
- Hybrids – red. growth Crosses between P. avium P. cerasus P. canescens P. fruticosa
![Page 11: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
European rootstock trial – Norway
Site: Bioforsk UllensvangPlanting year: 1999Planting distance: 2x4.5 m
![Page 12: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Tested rootstocks
Colt
Gi 107/1 MaxMa 60
Hex. Colt
Gi 154/7 MaxMa 97 Damil
Gi 318/17 PHL-A
Gisela 3
Gi 497/8 PHL-B
Gisela 4
Gi 523/02 PIKU 1
Gisela 5
Gi 148/13 PIKU 3
Gisela 6
GI 195/20 Weiroot 10
Gisela 7
Edabriz Weiroot 53
Gisela 11 MaxMa 14 Weiroot158
![Page 13: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Botanical originRootstock Botanical origin Country Colt P. avium x P. pseudocerasus UK Gisela, 5,6,7 P. cerasus x P. canescens Germany Gisela 4 P. avium x P. fruticosa Germany Gisela 11 P. canescens x P. cerasus Germany Weiroot 10, 58, 158
P. cerasus, klon Germany
Piku 1 P. avium x (P.canesecens x P. tomentosa)
Germany
Piku 3 P. pseudocerasus x (P.canescens x P. incisa)
Germany
M x M 14, 60, 97 P. avium x P. mahaleb USA PHL -A, B P. avium, open pollinated ( P. cerasus) Czech Damil P. dawykensis, open pollinated Belgium Tabel Edabriz P. cerasus, clone France
![Page 14: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Healthy trees by the end of the trial, %
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Hea
lthyu
tres
, %
Rootstock
![Page 15: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Trunk cross sectional area by the end ofthe eight growing season
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Trun
k-cr
oss
sect
iona
lare
a, c
m2
![Page 16: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Trunk cross sectional area - range
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Gisela 5 Gisela 6 Piku 1 Damil Colt Piku 3
Trun
k cr
oss
sect
iona
lare
a
Rootstock
![Page 17: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Accumulated yield, kg pr. tree
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Yiel
dg, k
g
Rootstock
![Page 18: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Yields per year, selectedrootstocks
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
År
Kg
pr. t
re
Colt
Damil
Gisela 5
Gisela 6
Piku 1
Piku 3
![Page 19: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Total yields, selected rootstocks
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Colt Damil Gisela 5 Gisela 6 Piku 1 Piku 3
Grunnstamme
Sam
la a
vlin
g, k
g pr
. tre
![Page 20: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Fruit weight, average data
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Frui
twei
ght,
g
Rootstocks
![Page 21: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Fruit weight, g – selectedrootstocks
9,3
9,4
9,5
9,6
9,7
9,8
9,9
10,0
10,1
10,2
Colt Damil Gisela 5 Gisela 6 Piku 1 Piku 3
Grunnstamme
Fruk
tvek
t, g
![Page 22: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Soluble solids, average data, percentage
14.515
15.516
16.517
17.518
18.519
19.5
Solu
ble
solid
s,
%
Rootstock
![Page 23: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Soluble solids, %
16,6
16,8
17,0
17,2
17,4
17,6
17,8
18,0
Colt Damil Gisela 5 Gisela 6 Piku 1 Piku 3
Grunnstamme
Opp
løys
t tør
rsto
ff, %
![Page 24: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Efficiency
![Page 25: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Efficiency, yield/ TCA
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
Piku 3 Colt Damil Gisela 6 Piku 1 Gisela 5
Effic
ienc
y
Rootstock
![Page 26: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Lapins/Gisela 5 Lapins /Colt
![Page 27: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Gisela 4Piku 3
![Page 28: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
PIKU 1 Damil
![Page 29: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Leaf mineral content,percentage of dry weight
Rootstock Nitrogen Phosfor Potassium Calsium MagnesiumColt 2.25 0,26 1,49 1,53 0,33Damil 2.50 0,23 1,53 1,21 0,26Gisela 5 2.60 0,29 1,71 1,10 0,21Gisela 6 2.46 0,26 1,41 0,97 0,20Piku 1 2.60 0,32 2,08 1,24 0,24Piku 3 2.51 0,31 2,07 1,36 0,25Optimum range
2.5-3.0 0.15-0.25 1.5-2.0 1.0 –1.5 0.2 – 0.3
![Page 30: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Conclusion1. The trees started to crop in the third leaf 2. Large variation in tree vigour.
Piku 3, Colt og Damil – most vigorous Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing
3. Largest accumulated yield:
Colt, Piku 1 and 3, Damil
4. Largest efficiency Gisela 4, Gisela 5 5. Fruit weights were in general large
Colt, Damil, Piku 1 – largest fruits
6. The contents of soluble solids were high 7. Planting distance must be adjusted to the the growth vigour of the rootstocks
![Page 31: Performance of the sweet cherry cultivar ‘Lapins’ on 27 rootstocks … · 2016-04-21 · Gisela 5 og 6, Piku 1- intermediate Tabel Edabriz, Weiroot 53 – dwarfing 3. Largest](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050502/5f946c1e56ba7771e42b4739/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)