Download - Permaculture with Chuck Marsh
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Gardening our way Home:
toward a biological Way of Life
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Local Food Insecurity• Results of a 2011 Gallup survey on Food
Insecurity in 100 US metropolitan areas:– 2010 Survey: Asheville metropolitan
area(Buncombe, Haywood, Henderson, Madison Counties) - 7th worst in the nation!
– 2011 survey - 3rd worst !! – One in 5 people (approx 106,000 People) in WNC
is food insecure!!!!– NC 1st in local food insecurity in USA– 1 in 4 kids hungry in NC, 1 in 3 obese!– We source less than 5% of our food locally!
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Russian Home Gardens
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Gardens trump Agriculture
Gardens• 1 calorie in/40 calories out• High production efficiency• Minimal external inputs• Intensive space use• Diverse yields/stable• More nutritious foods• Supports local community• Unites• Human Scale• Distributes wealth and power• Restore and regenerate
Industrial Agriculture• 4-12 cal. in/1 cal. Out• Less efficient production• Maximum external inputs• Extensive space use• Monoculture/fragile• Questionable nutrition• Destroys local community• Separates• Corporate Scale• Concentrates wealth and power• Pollutes and degrades
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Incredible Edible Todmorden
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Permaculture Design Goals
Restoration and regeneration of damaged lands, ecosystems, communities, cultures
Conservation of natural and cultural resources.Production: Whole system yields for all life. Systems care: Maintenance and management
across generations. People care: Meeting peoples primary needs.Regeneration of our culture and our world.
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Permaculture in the Garden• Build soil, plant plants, tend animals• Begin at the kitchen door and work outward on a controlled
front.• Overcome limiting factors. • Optimize use of space, fill the niches, stacking and packing.• Select for place and optimum nutrition: varietal selection• The art of placement: right plant, right place• Mixed perennial, annual, and animal production systems for
creating food poly-cultures.• Diverse yields over time. Year round production.• A place for animals and fish.
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Our Nutritional Needs
• Calories • Protein• Fat• Carbohydrates• Vitamins• Minerals• Phytonutrients• Medicinals
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What do we eat?
• Vegetables• Herbs and spices• Root Crops• Grains• Animals and animal products• Oils• Nuts• Fruits and berries• Mushrooms• Products of the above: ferments, sauces, canned and dried
goods
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Our Most Nutritious Foods• Vegetables - greens:
cabbage, kale, spinach and collards- carrots- Brussels sprouts- peppers- squash- sweet potatoes -potatoes- celery- green beans- peas- asparagus- parsley - onions- garlic- broccoli
• Fruit- all berries - all melons- hardy citrus- grapes- cranberries- apples, pears
- cherries - peaches, plums
- mulberry - paw paw - fig
• Nuts (raw)- almonds- walnuts- hazelnuts
- chestnuts - pecans• Seeds (raw)- flax-
sunflower- pumpkin- sesame - hemp
• Grain - oats- millet- quinoa- buckwheat- spelt- barley- wheat
- rice• Legumes- chick peas-
black-eyed peas- black beans- pinto beans- other dried beans
• Fats- hemp oil- flax oil- pumpkin oil- olive/hazelnut oil
- grape seed oil• Animal Products - Fish-
chickens and ducks - rabbits and guinea pigs - squab - free range eggs-
yogurt- goat’s milk and cheese- cottage cheese
• Mushrooms
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Antioxidant Super Foods
FRUITSElderberryAronia berrySea BuckthornMulberryServiceberryMuscadine GrapeHardy KiwiBlueberriesCranberries
Blackberries Raspberries Strawberries ApplesPlums CherriesPeachesRed grapes Prunes Black Currants VEGGIESCollards/KalePotatoes Kidney beans Pinto beans
Asparagus Yellow pepper Green grapes Black eye peas Cooked tomatoes Red Cabbage Red-leaf lettuce BroccoliBeetsTea Camellia
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Regional Staples
– Sweet Potatoes– Potatoes– Onions– Beans– Corn– Pumpkin and Squash– Cabbage and greens– Eggs– Fruit, nuts, and berries– Wild Plants and Game– Small and large Livestock
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Plugging the local nutritional food gaps
• Oils: Nuts, Seeds, Animal Fats• Minerals: soil remineralization• Grains• Staples• Cultivate more specialized farm/orchard
enterprises to close the loop/ fill the niches.
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PRIMARY HOME PRODUCTION
Vegetable Gardens
Herb Gardens
Home Orchards
Vineyards
Small Livestock
Aquaculture
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WHAT WE CAN GROWAnimals: bees, fish, chickens, ducks, rabbits, quail, etc.Vegetables Root cropsFruitsNutsBerriesGrapes and vinesHerbsMedicinal plantsMushroomsGrainsFlowersChildrenOurselves
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SUPPORT ELEMENTS
GreenhouseCold FramesRow CoversBiomass ProductionCompost and Worm BinsBeehivesLivestock Housing and YardsAquaculture Tanks and PondsWater Storage: Cisterns and PondsRoot CellarSolar CookerFood DryerOutdoor Kitchen
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• Vegetables to the center; nuts, fruits, and berries on the edges
• For limited spaces, grow trees as shrubs
• Speed succession.• Increase the productive
edges. • Alley cropping• Use vertical space –
Grow up, not out!• Use shady spaces• Use slopes to advantage
Permaculture Garden Strategies
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Keyhole Garden Beds
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Reclaim unused spaces
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Sheet Mulch Gardens
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Sheet Mulch Stages
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Restore Soil Fertility
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Vertical Gardening
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Pavement Gardens
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Detroit community Garden
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Zone Planning Principle: Locate elements within the system for energy
conservation and best use.Design Goal: local nutritious food for all. energy and resource
conservation.Community scale zone planning:Zone 1. Urban Homestead: example and inspirationZone 2. Neighborhood gardens, orchards, vineyards,
pharmacies, forests, urban farms.Zone 3. Public spaces: Abundant food for allZone 4. Local farms, orchards, vineyards, forestsZone 5. Regional farms, orchards, vineyards, forestsZone 6. Continental producersZone 7. Global producers
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Relative location
Principle: Make connections between elements. Place elements in a system so that the needs of one element are met by the yields of another element within the system.
Design Goals: Build and link local food and resource networks. Plan stable and resilient food producing home and community landscapes.
• Develop logistical and connecting strategies for building local food systems.
• Local community food and resource maps as organizing tools.
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Redundancy
Principle: Design redundancy into critical survival systems: food, water, energy, etc. Redundancy and diversity support security.
Design Goals: Build redundancy into:• Food: Scalable, diverse local food supply.• Energy: Diverse blend of local fuel and energy
sources.• Economy: Develop a diverse local economy.
Support local businesses first.
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Use biological resources
• Principle: Use biological resources instead of fossil fueled or industrially based resources.
• Design Goal: • Biological Economics• Return to biologically based local food, energy, and
economic systems.• Take advantage of the productive potential of natural
systems • Close the loops. Turn “Waste” into resources.• Carefully choose imports to support biological systems.
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