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PERSGAThe Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Environment of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden
1982 Historic Documents
See http://www.persga.org/ for current activity
GEMS Reference Material: PERSGA GEMS
1. Jeddah Convention 1-20 1
2. Action Plan 1-16 21
3. Final Act 1-12 37
4. Combating Pollution from Emergency Spills 1-12 49
5. Protocol - Diversity & Protected Areas 1-24 61
6. Protocol - Protection from Land Based Activities 1-1 85
7. Cairo Deceleration - Regional Organization Formation 1-3 86
ISSUE DATE: December 29, 2011
First Edition - Without Arabic see Engineering/Regulations & 111229.00 pergasa - red sea cover
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The Regional Convention for the Conservation ofthe Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment
(1982)
The Governments of:The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, The Republi of the Sudan, The
Demorati Republi of Somalia, Palestine represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization,
The Republi of Yemen.
Realizingthat pollution of the marine environment in the waters of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
by oil and other harmful or noxious materials arising from human ativities on land or at sea, especc
ially through indisriminate and unontrolled disharge of these substanes, presents a growingthreat to marine life, sheries, human health, recreational uses of beaches and other amenities.
Mindfulof the speial hydrographi and eologial harateristis of the marine environment of
the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden and the partiular vulnerability of its oral reefs where most biota
exist.
Conscious of the need to ensure that the proesses of urban and rural development and resulcc
tant land use should be arried out in suh a manner as to preserve, as far as possible, marine
resoures and oastal amenities, and that suh developments should not lead to deterioration of
the marine environment.
Convincedof the need to ensure that the proesses of industrial development should not, in any
way, ause damage to the marine environment, jeopardize its living resoures or reate hazards
to human health.
Recognizingthe need to develop an integrated management approah to the use of the marine envicc
ronment and the oastal areas whih will allow the ahievement of environmental and developmentc
al goals in a harmonious manner.
Recognizingalso the need for a arefully planned researh, monitoring and assessment programme
in view of the scarcity of scientic information on marine pollution in the region.
Consideringthat the States of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden have a speial responsibility to protet
their marine environment.
Aware of the importane of ocoperation and oordination of ation on a regional basis with the
aim of protecting the marine environment of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden for the benet of all
onerned, inluding future generations.
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Bearingin mind the existing international onventions relevant to the present Convention.
Aimingto full the objectives of the Charter of the League of Arab States, and the Charter and
Constitution of the Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientic Organization.
Have agreed as follows:
Article I: Denitions
For the purposes of this Convention and its Protools, the following terms and expressions have
the meanings indiated below, exept when otherwise inferred from the text:
1.Conservation of the marine environment of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden: Rational use byman of living and non-living marine and coastal resources in a manner ensuring optimum benet
for the present generation while maintaining the potential of that environment to satisfy the needsand aspirations of future generations. Such a denition of the term conservation should be con-c
strued as inluding onservation protetion, maintenane, sustainable and renewable utilization, and
enhanement of the environment.
2.Sea Area: Sea Area as dened in article II of this Convention.3.Marine pollution: Introdution by man, diretly or indiretly, of substanes or energy intothe marine environment whih results or is likely to result in suh deleterious effets as harm to
living resources, hazards to human health, or hindrance to marine activities including shing, impairment
of quality for use of sea water and redution of amenities.
4.Ships and aircraft: Any waterborne or airborne or amphibious raft of any type whatsoevccer, including hydrofoil boats, air cushion vehicles submersibles, oating craft whether self-propelled
or not, and xed or oating platforms and any other structure.
5.Oil: Petroleum in any form including crude oil, fuel oil, sludge, rened oil, gases and other oilproduts, whose introdution might impair the marine environment.
6.Harmful substance: Any substane whose introdution or presene in the marine environccment auses a danger threatening or impairing that environment.
7.National Authority: The authority designated by eah Contrating Party as responsible for theoordination of national efforts for implementing this Convention and its protools.
8.ALECSO: The Arab League Educational Cultural and Scientic Organization.9.Organization: The Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf ofAden Environment established in aordane with artile XVI of this Convention.
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10.Council:The Counil established in aordane with ar tile XVI of this Convention.11.General Secretariat: The organ of the Organization established in aordane with artileXVI of this Convention.
12.Action Plan:The Ation Plan for the Conservation of the Marine Environment and CoastalAreas of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
Artile II: Geographial Coverage
The present Convention shall apply to the entire sea area, taking into aount integrated eosystems
of the Red Sea, Gulf of Aqaba, Gulf of Suez, Suez Canal to its end on the Mediterranean, and the Gulf
of Aden as bounded by the following rhumb lines:
1. From Ras Dharbat Ali (lat. 1639 N, long. 5303.5 E), thene to a point (lat. 1600 N, long.5325 E), thene to a point (lat. 1240 N, long. 5500 E) lying E.N.E. of Sootra Island, thene to
Ras Hafun (lat. 1026 N, long. 5125 E).
2. Any Contrating Party may request the Organization to inlude areas within that Partys national
jurisdition and lying adjaent to those desribed in paragraph 1 above within the area of appliation of
this Convention or for the purposes of ativities resulting therefrom.
3. The geographial overage does not inlude internal waters of the Contrating Parties unless othercc
wise stated in this Convention or any of its protools.
Artile III: General Obligations
1. The Contrating Parties shall, individually or jointly, take all appropriate measures, in aordane with
the present Convention and those protools in fore to whih they are party, for the onservation
of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden environment inluding the prevention, abatement and ombating of
marine pollution.
2. In addition to the Protool onerning Regional Cocoperation in Combating Pollution by Oil
and other Harmful Substanes in Cases of Emergeny, the Contrating Parties shall ocoperate
in the formulation and adoption of other protools presribing agreed measures, proedures and
standards for the implementation of this Convention.
3. The Contrating Parties shall establish national standards, laws and regulations as required for theeffetive disharge of the obligation presribed in paragraph 1 of this artile, and shall endeavour to
harmonize their national poliies in this regard and for this purpose appoint the National Authority.
4. The Contrating Parties shall ocoperate with the ompetent international, regional and subcregional
organizations to establish and adopt regional standards, reommended praties and proedures for
the onservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden environment, inluding the prevention, abatement
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and ombating of pollution from all soures in onformity with the objetives of the present Convencc
tion, and to assist each other in fullling their obligations under the present Convention.
5. The Contrating Parties shall use their best endeavour to ensure that the implementation of the
present Convention shall not ause transformation of one type or form of pollution to another whih
ould be more detrimental to the environment.
Artile IV: Pollution from Ships
The Contrating Parties shall take all appropriate measures in onformity with the present Convention and
with generally reognized international rules to prevent, abate and ombat pollution in the Sea Area aused
by intentional or aidental disharges from ships and shall ensure effetive ompliane in the Sea Area with
generally reognized international rules relating to the ontrol of this type of pollution inluding loadconctop,
segregated ballast and rude oil washing proedures for tankers.
Artile V: Pollution Caused by Dumping from Ships and Airraft
The Contrating Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate and ombat pollution in
the Sea Area aused by dumping of wastes and other matter from ships and airraft, and shall ensure
effetive ompliane in the Sea Area with generally reognized international rules relating to the ontrol
of this type of pollution as provided for in relevant international onventions.
Artile VI: Pollution from LandcBased Soures
The Contrating Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate and ombat pollution aused
by disharges from land reahing internal waters and the Sea Area whether watercborne, airborne or diretly
from the oast inluding outfalls and pipelines.
Artile VII: Pollution Resulting from Exploration and Exploitation of
the Bed of the Territorial Sea, the Continental Shelf and the SubcSoil
The Contrating Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate and ombat pollution in
the Sea Area resulting from exploration and exploitation of the bed of the territorial sea, the ontinencc
tal shelf and the subcsoil thereof, inluding the prevention of aidents and the ombating of pollution
emergenies resulting in damage to the marine environment.
Artile VIII: Pollution from Other Human Ativities
The Contrating Parties shall take all appropriate measures to prevent, abate and ombat pollution in
the Sea Area resulting from land relamation (and assoiated sution dredging and oastal dredging) or
resulting from estuarine or river dredging or from other human ativities.
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Artile IX: Cocoperation in Dealing with Pollution Emergenies
1. The Contrating Parties shall, individually or jointly, take all neessary measures, inluding those to
ensure that adequate equipment and qualied personnel are readily available, to deal with pollutionemergenies in the Sea Area, whatever the ause of suh emergenies, and to redue or eliminate
damage resulting therefrom.
2. Any Contrating Party whih beomes aware of any pollution emergeny in the Sea Area shall
without delay, notify the Organization, and through the General Seretariat, any Contrating Party
likely to be affeted by suh an emergeny.
3. The Contrating Parties shall ocordinate their national plans for ombating pollution in the marine
environment by oil and other harmful substanes in a manner that failitates full ocoperation in dealing
with pollution emergenies.
Article X: Scientic and Technological Co-operation
1. The Contrating Parties shall ocoperate diretly, or through ompetent international and regional
organizations, in the elds of scientic research, monitoring, assessment and combating of pollution in
the Sea Area, and shall exchange data as well as other scientic information for the purpose of the
present Convention, its protools and ation plans.
2. The Contrating Parties shall ocoperate further to develop and ocordinate national monitoring
and researh programmes onerning all types of pollution and pollution ombating, as well as
studies and researh on the marine environment. They shall ocoperate further to develop andocordinate neessary supporting programmes, suh as marinec meteorology programmes, and
to establish, in ooperation with ompetent regional or international organizations, a regional network
of suh programmes to ensure ompatible results. For this purpose, eah Contrating Party shall
designate the National Authority responsible for environmental researh and monitoring and for
marine meteorologial monitoring within the areas under its national jurisdition.
3. The Organization and ALECSO shall ooperate in matters of ommon interest for the purpose
of mutual ocordination and exhange of tehnial assistane, information and douments.
Artile XI: Assessment and Management of the Environment
1. Eah Contrating Party shall give due onsideration to marine environmental effets when planning
or exeuting projets, inluding an assessment of potential environmental effets, partiularly in
the oastal areas.
2. The Contrating Parties may, in onsultation with the General Seretariat, develop proedures
for dissemination of information on the assessment of the ativities referred to in paragraph 1 of
this artile.
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3. The Contrating Parties undertake to develop, individually or jointly environmental standards,
both technical and other guidelines in accordance with standard scientic practice to assist the
planning and exeution of their projets in suh a way as to minimize their harmful impat on the
marine environment. In this regard international standards may be used where appropriate.
Artile XII: Tehnial and Other Assistane
The Contrating Parties shall ocoperate, diretly or through ompetent regional or international
organizations, in the development of programmes of technical and other assistance, in elds relating to
the marine environment and its onservation in oordination with the Organization.
Artile XIII: Liability and Compensation
The Contrating Parties undertake to ocoperate in the formulation and adoption of appropriate
rules and proedures for the determination of:
1. Civil liability and ompensation for damage resulting from pollution of the marine environment
bearing in mind appliable international rules and proedures relating to those matters; and
2. Liability and ompensation for damage resulting from violation of obligations under the present
Convention and its protools.
Artile XIV: Sovereign Immunity
1. Warships and other ships owned or operated by a State, and used only on government noncommerial
servie, shall be exempted from the appliation of the provisions of the present Convention.
2. Subjet to paragraph 1 above, eah Contrating Party shall, as far as possible, ensure that its
warships or other ships owned or operated by that Party, and used only on government noncommerial
servie, shall omply with the provisions of the present Convention.
Artile XV: Dislaimer
Nothing in the present Convention shall prejudie or affet the rights or laims of any ContratingParty with regard to the nature or extent of its maritime jurisdition whih may be established in
onformity with international law.
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Artile XVI: Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Red
Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment
1. A Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment,
the permanent headquarters of whih shall be loated in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, is hereby established.
2. The Organization shall onsist of the following organs:
A Counil omprised of a representative of eah Contrating Party;
A General Seretariat;
A Committee for the Settlement of Disputes whose omposition, terms of referene
and rules of proedure shall be deided by the Counil.
3. The Organization shall enjoy, in the territory of each Contracting Party, all legal qualications
neessary for the disharge of its duties and the performane of all ativities onerned with theahievement of its aims.
Artile XVII: The Counil
Membership of the Counil shall be made up of the Contrating Parties, eah Concc
trating Party having one vote in the meetings of the Counil.
Meetings of the Counil shall be attended by the Diretor General of ALECSO or his
delegate.
2. The Counil shall hold one ordinary meeting every year, and may hold extraordinary meetings
in aordane with its rules of proedure. Meetings shall be onvened at the headquarters of the
Organization or at any plae as presribed by its internal regulations or by the Counil. The Chairmanship
of the Counil shall be given to eah Contrating Party, in turn, in the Arabi alphabetial order
starting with the Depositary State. The term of ofce of the Chairman shall be one year.
3. Two thirds of the Counil membership shall onstitute a quorum for its meetings.
4. The voting proedure in the Counil shall be as follows:
Deisions on important matters shall be taken by a unanimous vote of the Contrating
Parties present and voting;
Deisions on proedural matters shall be taken by a twocthirds majority vote of the
Contrating Parties present and voting.
(a)
(b)
()
1. (a)
(b)
(a)
(b)
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Artile XVIII: Duties and Funtions of the Counil
The Counil shall have the duties and funtions neessary to ahieve the objetives of this Convention
and its protools, and in partiular:
To adopt its internal regulations.To keep under review the implementation of the Convention and its protools, andthe ation plan adopted for the ahievement of the purposes of this Convention andits protools.To make reommendations regarding the ad option of any additional protools or any amendccments to the Convention or to its protools.To adopt, review and amend, as required, the annexes to this Convention and to its procctools.To adopt and onlude agreements with States or with organizations with similar purccposes or interests within the aims of this Convention and for the ahievement of itspurposes and whih the Counil deems neessary for the disharge of its duties.To review and evaluate the state of the marine environment and oastal areas on thebasis of reports provided by the Contrating Parties, or by the international organizacctions onerned.To establish subsidiary bodies and ad ho working groups, as required, to onsider anymatters related to this Convention and its protools or related to the annexes of this
Convention and its protools or related to the ation plan.
To onsider reports submitted by the Contrating Parties and reports prepared by the
General Seretariat on questions relating to the Convention and to matters relevant to
the administration of the Organization and to deide upon them;
To endeavour to settle any differenes or disputes between the Contrating Parties
as to the interpretation or implementation of this Convention or its protools or ancc
nexes;To appoint the Seretary General;
To adopt and issue its rules of procedure, administrative and nancial regulations guid-c
ed by the onstitution and regulations of ALECSO. The Counil may adopt or amend
any other regulations neessary for the disharge of its duties;
To adopt the nancial rules which determine, in particular, the contributions of the
Contrating Parties;
To adopt the nancial budget of the Organization;
To adopt the projets and budgets for the Organization ativities;
To approve a report on the work and ativities of the Organization to be submitted for
information to the ALECSO General Conferene;
To dene and develop relations between the Organization and Arab organizations or
bodies;To perform any additional funtions neessary for the ahievement of the purposes
of this Convention and its protools or whih the Counil deems neessary for the discc
harge of its duties.
(a)
(b)
()
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
(l)
(m)
(n)
(o)
(p)
(q)
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Artile XIX: The General Seretariat
1. The Seretary General shall head the General Seretariat and perform the funtions neessary
for the management of the Convention and its protools, annexes, the ation plan and the workof the General Seretariat;
2. The General Seretariat shall have the duties and powers neessary to ahieve the purposes
of this Convention and its protools and to exeute the ation plan, aording to deisions of the
Counil, and in partiular:
To prepare for and onvene the meetings of the Counil and its subsidiary bodies and
ad ho working groups.
To transmit to the Contracting Parties notications, reports and other information re-c
eived.
To onsider inquiries by, and information from, the Contrating Parties and to onsult
with them on questions relating to this Convention and its protools, annexes and the
ation plan.
To prepare and submit reports on matters relating to this Convention, its protools,
annexes and the ation plan or relating to the administration of the Organization
To establish, maintain and disseminate an upctocdate olletion of national laws oncc
erning the onservation of the marine environment of all Contrating Parties.
To provide tehnial assistane and advie for the drafting of appropriate national legiscc
lation for the effetive implementation of this Convention and its protools.
To organize and ocordinate training programmes in areas related to the implementacc
tion of this Convention, its protools and the ation plan.
To perform suh other funtions as may be assigned to it by the Counil for the implecc
mentation of this Convention, its protools and the ation plan.
Artile XX: Budget and Finanial Resoures of the Organization
1. The Organization shall have its own budget.
2. The nancial resources of the Organization shall consist of:
(a) Contributions by the Contrating Parties.
(b) ALECSO ontribution.
() Other ontributions aepted by the Counil.
3. Reports on the budget of the Organization shall be transmitted to the ALECSO General Conferene
for information.
(a)
()
(b)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
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Artile XXI: Adoption and Amendments of the Convention andits Protools
The Counil, or any Contrating Party may propose amendments to this Convention, its protoolsor annexes. Amendments of importane shall be adopted by a unanimous vote of the Contrating
Parties. Other amendments shall be adopted by a twocthirds majority. Any matter is onsidered
important if so requested by one Contrating Party. Amendments shall enter into fore when
adopted by the Contrating Parties in aordane with artiles XXVI and XXVII of this
Convention.
Artile XXII: Reports
Eah Contrating Party shall submit to the General Seretariat reports on measures taken for the
implementation of this Convention and its protools, in suh form and at suh intervals as may be
determined by the Counil.
Artile XXIII: Compliane Control
The Contrating Parties shall ocoperate in the development and implementation of proeduresfor the effetive appliation of the Convention and its protools, inluding detetion of violations,using all appropriate and pratiable measures of detetion and environmental monitoring, inludingadequate proedures for reporting and aumulation of evidene.
Artile XXIV: Settlement of Disputes1. In ase of a dispute as to the interpretation or appliation of this Convention, its protools or
its annexes, the Contrating Parties onerned shall seek a settlement of the dispute through
amiable means.
2. If the Contrating Parties onerned annot settle the dispute, the matter shall be referred to
the Counil for its onsideration.
3. If the Counil does not reah a settlement of the dispute, it shall be submitted to the Committee
for the Settlement of Disputes referred to in paragraph 2() of artile XVI of this Convention.
Artile XXV: Signature
The present Convention together with the attahed Protool shall be open for signature in Jeddah
by Governments of the States of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden invited to the Jeddah Regional Concc
ferene of Plenipotentiaries on the Conservation of the Marine Environment and Coastal Areas in
the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden onvened from 19 to 21 Rabie Althani A.H. 1402, orresponding to
13 to 15 February 1982.
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Article XXVI: Ratication, Acceptance, Approval or Accession
1. The present Convention together with the attached Protocol shall be subject to ratication,
aeptane, approval or aession by the States referred to in artile XXV of this Convention. AnyContracting Party which has ratied, accepted, approved or acceded to the present Convention
shall be considered as having ratied, accepted, approved or acceded to the attached Protocol.
2. Any State member of the Arab League has the right to aede to the present Convention and
its protools.
Artile XXVII: Entry into Fore
1. The present Convention and the attahed Protool shall enter into fore on the ninetieth dayfollowing the date of deposit of at least four instruments of ratication, acceptance or approval of,
or aession to, the Convention.
2. Any other protool to this Convention, exept as otherwise provided in suh protool, shallenter into fore on the thirtieth day following the date of deposit of at least four instruments ofratication acceptance or approval of, or accession to such protocol.
3. This Convention or any suh protool shall enter into fore with respet to any ContratingParty on the thir tieth day following the date of deposit by that Contrating Party of its instrumentof ratication, acceptance, approval or accession.
Artile XXVIII: Withdrawal
1. At any time after ve years from the date of entry into force of this Convention, any Contracting Party may
withdraw from this Convention by giving written notication of withdrawal to the Depositary.
2. Exept as may be otherwise provided in any other protool to this Convention, any Contrating
Party may, at any time after ve years from the date of entry into force of such protocol, withdraw
from such protocol by giving written notication of withdrawal to the Depositary.
3. Withdrawal shall take effect twelve months after the date on which notication of withdrawal
is reeived by the Depositary.
4. Any Contrating Party whih withdraws from the Convention shall be onsidered as also havingwithdrawn from any protool to whih it was a party.
5. Any Contrating Party whih withdraws from the Protool onerning Regional Cocoperation
in Combating Pollution by Oil and other Harmful Substanes in Cases of Emergeny shall be
onsidered as also having withdrawn from this Convention.
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Artile XXIX: Responsibilities of the Depositary
1. The Depositary shall receive instruments of ratication of this Convention and its protocols.
2. The Depositary shall call the rst meeting of the Council when this Convention enters into
force after ratication by four Contracting Parties.
3. After the rst meeting of the Council the General Secretariat shall assume all technical and
administrative responsibilities and duties. The original of this Convention, of any protool thereto,
of any annex to the Convention or to a protool, or of any amendment to this Convention, to a
protool or to an annex of the Convention or of a protool shall be deposited with the Depositary,
the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which shall send cer tied copies thereof to the
Contracting Parties and shall also deposit certied copies of the Convention, its protocols and
annexes with the General Seretariat of the League of Arab States in aordane with artile 17
ofthe Arab League Charter and with the SeretarycGeneral of the United Nations in aordane
with Artile 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
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In witness whereof, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respetive
Governments, have signed the present Convention.
For the Government of:
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
The Republi of the Sudan,
The Demorati Republi of Somalia
Palestine
The Republi of Yemen
Done atthe ity of Jeddah on Saturday 20 Rabie Althani 1426 (H) orresponding to 14 February
2005.
Date of ratication of the Convention by Member States
State Date of Application Focal Point
Djibouti 2c3c1998Ministere de LEnvironment du Tourisme et
de LArtisanat
Egypt 31c5c1990Counil of Ministers, Environmental Affairs
Ageny, Cairo
Jordan 7c9c1988Ministry of Muniipalities and Rural Affairs,
Division of Environment
Saudi Arabia 22c5c1985Meteorology and Environmental Protetion
Administration, Jeddah
Somalia 1c3c1988Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Transportacc
tion, Mogadishu
Sudan 5c6c1984 National Counil for Researh, Khartoum
Yemen 29c5c1982University of Sanaa, Sanaa
Entry into fore: 20 August 1985.
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The Action Plan fo the Consevation of the Marrine Envionment and Coastal Aeas in the Red Sea
and Gulf of Aden(1982)
Intoduction
1. The consevation of the maine envionment and coastal aeas of the Red Sea and Gulf ofAden for the benet of the present and future generations will be the main objetive of the Ation
Plan whih sets forth a framework for an environmentally sound and omprehensive approah to
oastal area development.
2. Reognizing the variety of problems and the numerous ongoing ativities, the Ation Plan has
been based upon:
The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment Programme initiated by the Arab League Educr
ational, Cultural and Sienti Organization (ALECSO) following the preparatory meeting
organised by UNESCO at the request of ALECSO and held at Bremerhaven, FRG, 22c23rd
Otober 1974 whih inluded besides UNESCO, experts from speialised institutes in
FRG, U.S.A, U.K, Frane, Saudi Arabia and Egypt.
Working papers and resolutions of the Jeddah First Expert Meeting, 25 Nov c 1 De. 1974,
organized by ALECSO .
The Plan of Ation for 1975 resulting from the Jeddah First Exper t Meeting, and the ontricr
butions and assistane from ALECSO, UNEP, IUCN, UNESCO (Marine Siene Division)
and IMCO.
Working papers, reports, resolutions and reommendations of the Jeddah II Conferene
held by ALECSO in Jeddah,12c18 January 1978.
The Jeddah 1976 Delaration.
Final At of the Kuwait Regional Conferene of Plenipotentiaries on the Protetion and Developcr
ment of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Areas, Kuwait 15c23 April,1978.
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
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Working papers and reommendations of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Coordination
Board and Direting Board (formed by ALECSO) at their suessive meetings in Cairo (5c
11 Nov.1975), Amman (30 Aug.c 5 Sep.1976), Sanaa (12c17 Feb.1977), Mogadishu (24c29
Sept.1977) and Khartoum (23c28 De.1978).
The Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Expert Meeting organized by ALECSO Tunis (10c13
Feb.1980) to review the Programme poliy.
The Draft Regional Convention for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment
and the Draft Protool Conerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution by Oil
and other Harmful Substanes in Cases of Emergeny,as prepared by the Red Sea and Gulf
of Aden Legal and Environmental Expert Meeting held in Jeddah (10c14 Jan.1981).
3. The Ation Plan aims to ahieve the following:
Assessment of the state of the environment inluding soioceonomi development acrtivities related to environmental quality and of the needs of the Region in order to assist
Governments to ope properly with environmental problems partiularly those onerning
the maine envionment.
Development of guidelines for the management of those ativities whih have an impat
on environmental quality or on the protetion and use of renewable marine resoures on
a sustainable basis.
Development of legal instruments providing the legal basis for ocoperative efforts to
protet and develop the Region on a sustainable basis.
Supporting measures inluding national and regional institutional mehanisms and strucr
tures needed for the suessful implementation of the Ation Plan.
4. For this doument the Region inludes the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aqaba, the Gulf of Suez, the
Suez Canal to its onnetion with the Mediterranean and the Gulf of Aden as bounded by the
following rhumbclines:
From Ras Dharbat Ali (Lat.16 39N, Long.53 03.5E).
thene to a point (Lat.16 001 N, Long.53 25E).
thene to a point (Lat.12 40N, Long.55 00E) lying E.N.E.
of Sootra Island, thene to Ras Hafun (Lat. 10 26N, Long. 51 25E).
Other areas, adjaent to those desribed in item (1) above and lying within the national jurisdicr
tion of a Contrating Party may upon request made to the Qrganization established purcr
suant to Artile XVI of the Regional Convention for the Conservation of the Red Sea and
Gulf of Aden Environment be subjeted to the appliation of the Convention or ativities
resulting therefrom.
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.1
3.2
3.3
4.1
4.2
3.4
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The Region does not inlude internal waters of the Contrating Parties unless otherwise
stated in the Regional Convention for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Encr
vironment or any of its protools.
The oastal area to be overed by the Ation Plan will be identied by the relevant Govcr
ernments of the Region on an adho basis depending on the type of ativities to be arried
out within the framework of the Ation Plan. Nevertheless,oastal areas belonging to the
Contrating Parties whih are not overed by the Ation Plan should not be a soure of
pollution.
5. All omponents of the Ation Plan are interdependant and provide a framework for omprehensive
ationto ontribute to both the protetion and the ontinued development of the eocregion.
No omponent will be an end in itself.
Eah ativity is intended to assist the Governments of the Region to improve the quality of the
information on whih environmental management poliies are based.
6. The onservation of the marine environment and oastal areas is onsidered as the axis of the
Ation Plan; and it is intended that measures for marine and oastal environmental protetion
and development should lead to the promotion of human health and wellcbeing as the ultimate
goal of the Ation Plan.
7. The Ation Plan is intended to meet the environmental needs and to enhane the environmental
apabilities of the Region and is aimed primarily toward implementation through oordinated
national and regional ativities. To ahieve this goal, an intensive training programme should be
formulated in the early phases of the implementation of the Ation Plan.
8. A general desription of the various omponents of the Ation Plan is given in the following
paragraphs.
1 r Envionmental Assessment
9. Environmental assessment is one of the basi ativities whih will underlie and failitate the
implementation of the other omponenets of the Ation plan.
10. The identiation of the present quality of the marine environment and the fators urrently
inuening its quality and having an impat on human health will be given priority together withan assessment of expeted developments.
11. Although some basi data on the marine environment has been olleted by some institucrtions in the Region, muh remains to be done in the Region as a whole. Therefore, a oordinatedbasi and applied regional marine sienes programme inluding a marine meteorologial procrgramme will be formulated as basis for the protetion of the marine environment of the Region. Informulating the operational details of these programmes,planned and ongoing national
and regional programmes will be taken into aount.
4.3
4.4
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12. The following programmes are reognized as omponents of the ocordinated regional environmental
assessment programme:
Survey of national apabilities of the Region in the eld of marine sienes inluding macr
rine meteorology overing:
Sienti and administrative institutions.
Infomation centes and data souces.
Researh failities and equipment.
Manpower.
Existing environmental laws and regulations.
Ongoing and planned ativities.
Publications.
Assessment of geologial and geophysial proesses suh as sedimentation ontributing
to, or modifying, the fate of pollutants in the Region, and their impat on human health, marineeosystems and human ativities,as well as effets of oastal and deep sea engineering and
mining .
Assessment of the origin and magnitude of oil pollution in the Region omprising basec
line studies on the soures of oil pollution and the transport and distribution of oil and
petroleum hydroarbon pollution.
Assessment of the magnitude of pollutants affeting human health and marine eosystems
of the Region onsisting of:
survey of landcbased soures of industrial and muniipal wastes disharged diretly orindiretly into the sea or reahing it through the atmosphere.
studies on the impat of industrial and muniipal wastes on human health inluding
mirocorganisms.
researh on effets of pollutants and other human ativities,suh as dredging and land recr
lamation on important marine speies,ommunities and eosystems.
basecline studies and monitoring of the levels of seleted pollutants, in partiular heavy
metals, in marine organisms.
Assessment of fators relevant to the eology of the Region and to the exploitation of its
living resoures inluding:
survey of environmental parameters of the oasts of the Region, inluding oral over,faunal distribution,weather onditions and ommunity habitations and dissemination of
data collected.
biology of oral reefs and marine speies espeially those of ommerial importane
suh as sheries inluding rustaeans, molluss and their stok assessment and the
biology of other marine organisms threatened by extintion
plankton produtivity and distribution.
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
(a)(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
12.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
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13. The programmes listed in paragraph 12 are interdisiplinary and interrelated in nature. Therefore,
while preparing the operational details of eah programme, due attention should be paid to their
lose oordination in order to avoid dupliation.
14. The priorities to be assigned to the ativities listed in paragraph 12 will be determined by the
Governments of the Region taking into aount the present level of development in the Region
and the pressing need to provide reliable and omparable data on whih sound management
decisions can est.
15. The agreed programmes will be exeuted, primarily, through existing national institutions
within the framework of regional ooperation keeping in mind that for some projets a training
programme should be formulated. The assistane of experts from outside the Region might be
required in the initial phases of some projets but giving priority to loal experts.
16. Operational details of eah programme will be developed primarily by experts nominated by
the Governments of the Region. The exeution of approved programme shall not begin exeptafter due adoption by Governments of douments ontaining operational details and nomination
of national institutions partiipating in implementation.
11 c Environmental Management
17. Continuous soioceonomi development an be ahieved on a sustainable basis if environmental
onsiderations are taken into aount. To assist the Governments of the Region in the development
of appropriate poliies and strategies for onservation of the marine environment of the Red Sea
and the Gulf of Aden, the Ation Plan should aim to arry out the following preparatory ativities:
Preparation and updating of a diretory of Governmentcdesignated institutions available
in the Region and ative in elds related to the environmental management omponents
of the Action Plan.
Assessment of present and future development ativities and their major environmental
impat in order to evaluate the degree of their inuene on the environment and to nd
appropriate measures to either eliminate or redue any damaging effets whih they may
have.
Identiation of the most relevant ongoing national, regional or internationally supported
development projets whih have beneial environmental effets suh as various FAOprojets for sheries development or environmental health ativities and projets sponcr
sored by WHO or by UNIDO assistane programmes on the treatment of industrial
wastes. The most signiant of these projets should be strengthened and expanded to
serve as demonstration and training sites on a regional basis.
18. Furthermore in view of the priorities and needs of the Region, the following ooperative
programmes relevant to the management of regional environmental problems stemming from
17.1
17.2
17.3
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national development ativities will be undertaken:
Rational exploitation and management of marine living resoures on a sustainable basis.
The establishment of aquati and land proteted areas suh as marine proteted areas
e.g., oral reef proteted areas, wetlands, marine parks and other proteted areas
Assistane in development and intercoordination of national apabilities in siene and
engineering knowledge needed for regional environmental protetion
Strengthening the national publi health servies and their oordinations wherever transc
boundary interests require it
Coordination of national water management poliies inluding ommunity water supply
and water quality ontrol, whenever they may have impat on the marine environment of
the Region
Development of priniples and guidelines for oastal area development and management
through workshops and seminars inluding those on environmental impat assessment
Formulation of national ontingeny plans for ombating oil pollution.
Upkeep of reords of pollution inidents by oil or other harmful substanes in the Region
inluding information on the impat of suh pollution on the marine environment.
19. As part of the ativities and programmes for regional ooperation mentioned in paragraphs17 and 18, an extensive training programme should be developed for personnel from the Region.Suh a programme may be exeuted through training at existing national, regional or internationalinstitutions ready to offer their failities.
20. All onerned parties should ooperate in lending omplete support by devoting adequateresoures to systemati and regular ampaigns for publi awareness of environmental issues in the Region. Thus onservation and enhanement of marine and oastal environment an beachieved.
IIIc Institutional And Finanial Arrangements
21. In establishing institutional arrangements for arrying out the Ation Plan, a mehanism should
be formed whih utilizes, to the greatest possible extent, the national apabilities available in the
Region and the apabilities of existing regional and international organisations and oordination
bodies whih would deal with national institutions through the appropriate national authorities of
the States onerned. Where neessary, national institutions should be strengthened so that they
may partiipate atively and effetively in the various programmes.
18.1.a.
18.1.b.
18.2
18.3
18.4
18.5
18.6
18.7
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22. ALECSO will be resposible for suh interim arrangements as may be required for the ahievement
of the objetvies of the Ation Plan. Suh interim arrangements inlude the ontinuation of the
existene of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Interim Administration, for the purpose of the implecr
mentation and supervision of the Ation Plan until the permanent Regional Organization for the
Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment is established. In order to fulll this
task the Interim Administration should have adequate professional and supporting staff.
23. The Interim Administration shall be responsible for the overall ocordination of the Ation
Plan and other matters ar ising from the Convention and its protools. The Interim Administration
should onvene annual meetings of the Interim Counil for the Conservation of the Red Sea and
Gulf of Aden Environment to adopt operational details of the Ation Plan, to set projet priorities
and to supervise implementation. The Interim Counil shall be formed of representatives of the
Contrating Parties nominated by their national authorities.
The Diretor General of ALECSO shall inform the Contrating Parties of the formation of said
Inteim Council.
24. The Exeutive Diretor of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment Programme will invite
governmental expert Groups nominated by the Contrating Parties, to meet from time to time,
to review progress ahieved pursuant to the reommendations set forth in the Ation Plan and
to the esolutions of the Inteim Council fo the Consevation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
Environment, and for the purpose of advising the development of additional ativities.
25. The Governments of the Region agree to the neessity of establishing a Marine Emergeny Mutual
Aid Centre. The Centre should have primarily a oordinating role in exhange of information,
training programmes and monitoring. The possibility of the Centre initiating operations to ombat
pollution by oil and other harmful substanes may be onsidered at a later stage in aordane with arcrtile III of the Protool onerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution by Oil and other
Harmful Substanes in Cases of Emergeny.
26. Responsibilities should be transfered from the Interim Administration to the Regional Organization
for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment as soon as this Organization
is established.
27. It is proposed that the programme be naned by ontributions by the Governments to be
estimated on the basis of mutual agreement and supplemented, espeially in the initial stages,
by assistane that ould be made available from regional and international bodies. The ultimate
aim should be to make the programme self c supporting within the regional ontext, not only by
developing institutional apabilities to perform the required tasks, but also by supporting training,provision of equipment and other forms of assistane from within the Region.
IV c Legal Component
28. Regional legal agreements provide a fundamental basis for regional ooperation to protet the
marine environment in the Region. Reognizing the importane of sound environmental development of
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the Region, the Governments agree to the need for early ratiation of the Regional Convention for
the Consevation of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Envionment.
29. It is reommended that ALECSO should, in ooperation with the Governments onerned,
onvene intercgovernmental groups to prepare additional protools whih will inlude:
Pollution fom land based souces.
Pollution resulting from exploration and exploitation of the sea bed, the ontinental shelfand the sub soil.
Sienti and tehnial ooperation in the eld of marine environment and oastal areasconsevation.
Development, onservation, protetion and harmonious utilization of the marine living
resoures of the Region.
Liability and ompensation for damage resulting from pollution of the marine environcr
ment.
Any protool on other subjets found important to the Region during the exeution of
the Action Plan.
30. Aware of the need to give speial protetion to the Region against pollution from ships
through normal operations or dumping ativities, an appeal is made to Governments of the Region
to strengthen measures for implementation of the relevant international onventions.
29.1
29.2
29.3
29.4
29.5
29.6
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In witness whereof, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respetive
Governments, have signed the present Ation Plan.
For the Government of:
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
The Republi of the Sudan,
The Demorati Republi of Somalia
Palestine
The Republi of Yemen
Done atthe ity of Jeddah on Saturday 20 Rabie Althani 1426 (H) orresponding to 14 February
2005
Date of ratication of the Action Plan by Member States
State Date of Application Focal Point
Djibouti 2c3c1998Ministere de LEnvironment du Tourisme et de
LArtisanat
Egypt 31c5c1990Counil of Ministers, Environmental Affairs
Ageny, Cairo
Jordan 7c9c1988Ministry of Muniipalities and Rural Affairs,
Division of Environment
Saudi Aabia 22c5c1985Meteorology and Environmental Protetion
Administration, Jeddah
Somalia 1c3c1988Ministry of Fisheries and Marine
Transportation, Mogadishu
Sudan 5c6c1984 National Counil for Researh, Khartoum
Yemen 29c5c1982University of Sanaa, Sanaa
Entry into fore: 20 August 1985.
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Arab League Educational, Cultural and Scientic Organization
Final Actof the Jeddah Plenipotentiary Regional Conference on the Conservvation of the Marine Enironment and Coastal Areas in the Red Sea
and Gulf of Aden
JEDDAH 13v15 February 1982
Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Enironment Programme
1v The Jeddah Regional Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Conseration of the Marine Envv
ironment and Coastal Areas in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden was conened in the City of Jedvv
dah at the initation of the Goernment of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and according to the
arrangements made by the Arab Educational Cultural and Scientic Organization (ALECSO) for
the realization of the Jeddah 1976 Declaration.
2v Meetings were held at Kandara Palace Hotel during the period 13v15 February 1982 followvv
ing the closure of the Meeting of Experts of Plenipotentiaries for the Conseration of the Marine
Enironment and Coastal Areas in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden held at the Headquarters of
the Meteorology and Environmental Protection Administration (MEPA) in Jeddah during the period
6 -11 February 1982 and which was attendend by representatives of the States and Organizations
attended this Conference in addition to representaties from:
- The Gulf States Arab Education Ofce.
- The Islamic Development Bank.
- The International Union for the Conversation of Nature and Natural Resources ( IUCN ).
3v The following States were inited:
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, Republic of Djibouti, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Sudan,
Democratic Republic of Somalia, Palestine, Republic of Yemen.
All invited States except Djibouti attended the Conference.
4- An ALECSO delegation including a representative of the League of Arab States participated inthe Conference.
5- The following Arab, Islamic and International Organizations were represented:
- The Saudi Sudanese Commission for the Exploitation of the Red Sea Resources.
- The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).
- The United Nations Educational Scientic and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
- The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC).
- The Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO).
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6- The Conference was inaugurated by Mr. R. M. Alromaih, Director General of MEPA and the
Plenipotentiary of the Government of Saudi Arabia, as representative of the host State. His Royal
Highness Prince Saud Ibn Abdulmohsen Alsaud, The Goernor of the Holy Mecca Region, then
welcomed the Conference. Other inaugural speeches were delivered by: Dr. Saeed, Assistant
Director General of ALECSO and by Dr. A. A. Banaja, Executive Director of the Red Sea
and Gulf of Aden Environment Programme (PERSGA). Inaugural speeches were concluded
by Mr. M. Z. Alnashashibi, the Plenipotentiary of the Palestine Liberation Organization (P.L.O) on
behalf of participating States.
7- After the inaugural ceremony, the delegates elected Mr. P. M. Alromaih, as President of the
conference. All heads of delegations were nominated vice-presidents. Dr. D. H. Nasr of Sudan
delegation was nominated Rapporteur to the Conference.
The Conference then adopted its Agenda and formed working committees as follows:
Credential Committee:
Chairman: Mr. R. M. Alromaih ( Saudi Arabia )
Members: Mr. A. H. Abdeen ( Jordan )
Dr. D. H. Nasr ( Sudan )
Draft Committee:
Chairman: Mr. R. M. Alromaih ( Saudi Arabia )
Members: All member experts of delegations.
8v The following are the main documents constituting the basis of the Conference deliberations:
Draft Regional Conention for the Conseration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Envv
vironment.
Draft Protocol concerning Regional Cooperation for Combating Pollution by Oil and
Other Harmful Substances in Cases of Emergency.
Draft Action Plan for the Conseration of the Marine Enironment and Coastal Areas
in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden .
Recommendation to the Plenipotentiaries by the Expert Meeting 6-11 February
1982 concerning the signing of the Conention and Protocol and the adoption of the
Action Plan.
Draft Resolutions:
Draft Resolution concerning Financial Arrangements for the Action Plan during1982 and 1983.
Draft Resolution concerning ratication of the Convention and Protocol.
Draft Resolution concerning Administratie Arrangements for the Action Plan
Operation.
9v After concluding the procedures, the President opened deliberations by requesting
Dr. A. A. Algain, Chairman of the Expert Meeting to read out the recommendation made by that
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
1v
2v
3v
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Meeting and addressed to the Plenipotentiaries for their signature of the Conention and Protovv
col and for adoption of the Action plan.
10- The President then tabled the Draft Resolutions contained in the documents. The Conference
adopted the following resolutions:
Resolution concerning Financial Arrangements for the Action Plan during 1982 and 1983.
Resolution concerning Ratication of the Convention and Protocol.
11- The President then adjourned the session for fteen minutes to allow heads of delegations
recess to study the Draft Resolution concerning Administratie Arrangements for the Action Plan
Operation.
After recess the session was resumed where the Conference adopted the Resolution drafted
on the matter.
12v Thus the Conference adopted the following resolutions:
Resolution concerning Financial Arrangements for the Action Plan during 1982 and 1983.
Resolution concerning Ratication of the Convention and Protocol.
Resolution concerning Administrative Arrangements for the Action Plan Operation.
Tribute to ALECSO.
Acknowledgement to the following International Organisations and bodies:
v UNEP
- UNESCO
- IOC- IMCO
v IUCN
Acknowledgement to the Executie Administration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
Environment Programme.
Tribute to the Government of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
(a)
(b)
(a)(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
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In witness whereof, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, being duly authorized by their respective
Governments, have signed the present Final Act.
For the Government of:
The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan,
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
The Republic of the Sudan,
The Democratic Republic of Somalia
Palestine
The Republic of Yemen
Done atthe city of Jeddah on Saturday 19 Rabie Althani 1426 (H) corresponding to 13 February
2005.
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Resolutions
The Jeddah Plenipotentiary Regional Conference on the Conseration
of the Marine Enironment and Coastal Areas in the Red Sea andGulf of Aden
JEDDAH 13v15 February 1982
1- Resolution concerning Financial Arrangements for the Action Plan during 1982 & 1983
The Plenipotentiaries of Governments participating in the Conference.
Having adoptedthe Action Plan for the Conseration of the Marine Enironment and Coastal
Areas in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden, and having signed the Regional Conention for theConseration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Enironment and the Protocol attached thereto
concerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution by Oil and other Harmful Substances
in Cases of Emergency.
Acknowledgingthe initiative of the Director General of ALECSO to render assistance and con-v
tribute to the costs of implementing the Action Plan for the Conseration of the Marine Enivv
ronment and Coastal Areas in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden .
Taking in consideration that the total cost for implementing Phase I of the Action Plan during 1982
& 1983 is estimated at six million U.S. Dollars.
They resolve the following:
Recommendingthe Contracting Parties to start the implementation of the Action Plan and to
contribute to its nancing based on the percentage shares of member States within the League
of Arab States.
Requestingthe Interim Executie Administration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Enironment
Programme to conene,soonest possible, the Interim Council for the Conseration of the Red
Sea and Gulf of Aden Environment in order to adopt the budget for 1982-1983 and to x the
contributions of Member States according to the agreed percentage shares.
2- Resolution concerning Ratication of the Convention and Protocol
The Plenipotentiaries of Goernments participating in the Conference having signed the following
two documents:
The Regional Conention for the Conseration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
Environment.
The Protocol concerning Regional Cooperation for Combating Pollution by Oil and
Other Harmful Substances in Cases of Emergencey.
(a)
(b)
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And having adoptedthe Final Act of the Conference realizingthat problems of consering the
marine environment are vital for the benet of the present and future generations and call for
prompt confrontation and treatment.
They recommendthe Contracting Parties for early ratication of said two documents.
3- Resolution concerning Administrative Arrangements for the Action Plan Operation
The Plenipotentiaries of the Governments participating in the Conference.
Having adoptedthe Action Plan for the Conseration of the Marine Enironment and Coastal
Areas in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
And having signedthe Regional Conention for the Conseration of the Red Sea and Gulf of
Aden Enironment and the Protocol concerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution
by Oil and Other Harmful Substances in Cases of Emergency.
Appreciatingthe hosting of the Interim Executive Administration of ALECSO Red Sea and Gulf of
Aden Environment Programme by the Government of Saudi Arabia for more than one year now.
Referringto Article XVI of the initialled Conention designating the City of Jeddah as permanent
headquarters of the Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf of
Aden Environment.
Referringalso to Articles 22, 23 and 24 of the Action Plan, which articles deal with the Interim
Council for the Conseration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Enironment and with the presentAdministration belonging to ALECSO and which articles assigns to the latter Administration the
responsibility of starting Action Plan implementation.
They resolvethe following:
Recommending the Goernment of Saudi Arabia to complete all interim arrangements
necessary for the headquarters of the interim Executie Administration of the Red Sea
and Gulf of Aden Environment Programme so that it can be able to discharge its duties.
Calling upon the Regional Organization for the Conservation of the Red Sea and Gulf
of Aden Enironment established by Article XVI of the Conention to enter negotiations
with the Government of Saudi Arabia for hosting its permanent headquarters.Requesting the Executie Director of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden Programme to
start negotiations with the Government of Saudi Arabia for realization of what is stated
in 2. above.
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Article I
For the purposes of this Protocol the following terms and expressions have the meanings indicated
below, except when otherwise inferred from the text:
1. Appropriate Authority: eiher he Naional Auhoriy dened in Aricle I of he Conventt
ion, or he auhoriy or auhoriies wihin he Governmen of a Conracing Par y, designaed by
the National Authority and responsible for:
Combaing or oherwise operaionally responding o marine emergencies.
Receiving and coordinating information on marine emergencies.
Coordinaing available naional capabiliies for dealing wih marine emergencies in
general wihin is own Governmen and wih oher Conracing Paries.
2. Marine Emergency: any casuality, incident, occurrence or situation, however caused, resulting
in substantial pollution or imminent threat of substantial pollution to the marine environment by
oil or other harmful substances and includes collisions, strandings and other incidents involving
ships, including ankers, blowtous arising from peroleum drilling and producion aciviies, and he
presence of oil or other harmful substances arising from the failure of industrial installations.
Proocol Concerning Regional Cotoperaion inCombaing Polluion by Oil and Oher Harmful
Subsances in Cases of Emergency(1982)
The Contracting Parties of Jeddah Convention,BeingParies o he Regional Convenion for he Conservaion of he Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
Environmen (hereinafer referred o as he Convenion),
Conscious of he evertpresen poenialiy of emergencies which may resul in subsanial polluion
by oil and other harmful substances, and of the need to provide also; cooperative and effective
measures to deal with them.
Beingaware ha appropriae measures for responding o polluion emergencies need o be entt
hanced on a national and regional basis to deal with this problem in a comprehensive manner for
he bene of he Red Sea and Gulf of Aden environmen,
Have agreed as follows:
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Emergency Proocol
3.Marine Emergency Contingency Plan: a plan or plans, prepared on a national, bilateral or multilateral
basis, designed to coordinate the deployment, allocation and use of personnel, material, resources
and equipment for the purpose of responding to marine emergencies.
4. Marine Emergency Response: any aciviy inended o preven, miigae or eliminae pollutt
ion by oil or oher harmful subsances or hrea of such polluion resuling from marine emertt
gencies.
5.Related Interests: he ineress of a Conracing Pary direcly or indirecly affeced or hreaened
by a marine emergency such as:
Mariime, coasal, por or esuary aciviies, including sheries aciviies.
Hisoric and ourisic aracions.
The health of the coastal population and the conservation of living marine resources and
wildlife.
Industrial activities which rely upon intake of water, including distillation plants, andindustrial plants using circulating water.
6. Convention: he Regional Convenion for he Conservaion of he Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
Environmen.
7. Council: he organ of he Regional Organizaion for Conservaion of he Red Sea and Gulf
of Aden Environmen esablished under Aricle XVI of he Convenion.
8. Centre: he Marine Emergency Muual Aid Cenre esablished under Aricle III, paragraph 1,
of the present Protocol.
Article II
1. The Conracing Paries shall cooperae in aking he necessary and effecive measures o proec
the coastline and related interests of one or more of the Parties from the threat and effects of
polluion due o he presence of oil or oher harmful subsances in he marine environmen resultt
ing from marine emergencies.
2. The Conracing Paries shall endeavour o mainain and promoe, eiher individually or hrough
bilateral or multilateral cooperation, their contingency plans and means for combating pollution
in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden by oil and other harmful substances. These means shall include,
in particular, available equipment, ships, aircraft and manpower prepared for operation in casesof emergency.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
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PERSGA
Article III
1. The Conracing Par ies hereby esablish he Marine Emergency Muual Aid Cenre.
2. The objecives of he Cenre shall be:
To srenghen he capaciies of he Conracing Paries and o faciliae cooperaion
amongst them in order to combat pollution by oil and other harmful substances in
cases of marine emergencies.
To assis Conracing Paries, which so reques, in he developmen of heir own
naional capabiliies o comba polluion by oil and oher harmful subsances and o cot
ordinate and facilitate information exchange, technological cooperation and training.
A later objective, namely, the possibility of initiating operations to combat pollution by
oil and other harmful substances at the regional level, may be considered. This possibility
should be submied o approval by he Council afer evaluaing he resuls achieved in
he fulllmen of he previous objecives and in ligh of nancial resources which could
be made available for this purpose.
3. The funcions of he Cenre shall be:
To collec and disseminae o he Conracing Paries informaion concerning maers
covered by this Protocol, including:
Laws, regulations and information concerning appropriate authorities of
he Conracing Paries and marine emergency coningency plans referred o in
Aricle V of his Proocol.
Informaion available o he Conracing Paries concerning mehods, echniquesand research relaing o marine emergency responses referred o in Aricle VI of
this Protocol.
Lis of expers, equipmen and maerials available for marine emergency rett
sponses by he Conracing Paries.
To assis he Conracing Paries, as requesed:
In the preparation of laws and regulations concerning matters covered by this
Protocol and in the establishment of appropriate authorities.
In the preparation of marine emergency contingency plans.
In he esablishmen of procedures under which personnel, equipmen and matt
erials involved in marine emergency responses may be expediiously ransportt
ed ino, ou of, and hrough he erriories of he Conracing Paries.
In he ransmission o he Conracing Paries of repors concerning marine
emergencies; and
In promoting and developing training programmes for combating pollution.
To coordinae raining programmes for combaing polluion and prepare comprehentt
sive anitpolluion manuals.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
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Emergency Proocol
To develop and maintain a communication/information system appropriate to the needs
of he Conracing Paries and he Cenre for he promp exchange of informaion
concerning marine emergencies required by this Protocol.
To prepare invenories of he available personnel, maerials, vessels, aircraf, and oher spett
cialized equipmen for marine emergency responses.
To esablish and mainain liaison wih compeen regional and inernaional organizaions, partt
icularly he InertGovernmenal Mariime Consulaive Organizaion, for he purposes of
obaining and exchanging scienic and echnological informaion and daa, paricularly
wih regard o any new echnology which may assis he Cenre in he performance of
its functions.
To prepare periodic repors on marine emergencies for submission o he Council;
To perform any oher funcions assigned o i eiher by his Proocol or by he Council.
4. The Cenre may full addiional funcions necessary for iniiaing operaions o comba polluion
by oil and oher harmful subsances on a regional level, when auhorized by he Council, in accordance
with paragraph 2(c) above.
Aricle IV
1. The presen Proocol shall apply o he Sea Area specied in paragraph 1 of Aricle II of he
Convenion.
2. For the purposes of dealing with a marine emergency, internal waters, including ports, harbours,
esuaries, bays and lagoons, may be reaed as par of he Sea Area if he Conracing Pary concerned
so decides.
Aricle V
Each Conracing Pary shall provide he Cenre and he oher Conracing Paries wih informaion
concerning:
Its appropriate authority.
Its laws, regulations, and other legal instruments relating generally to matters addressed
in this Protocol, including those concerning the structure and operation of the authority
referred to in paragraph (a) above.
Its national marine emergency contingency plans.
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(a)
(b)
(c)
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PERSGA
Aricle VI
Each Conracing Pary shall provide he oher Conracing Paries and he Cenre wih informaion
concerning:
Exising and new mehods, echniques, maerials, and procedures relaing o marine
emergency responses.
Exising and planned research, heir resuls and developmen in he areas referred o in
paragraph (a) above.
Aricle VII
1. Each Conracing Pary shall direc is appropriae ofcials o require masers of ships, pilos of
aircraft and persons in charge of offshore platforms and other similar structures operating in the
marine environment and under its jurisdiction to report the existence of any marine emergency
in he Sea Area o he appropriae naional auhoriy and o he Cenre.
2. Any Conracing Pary receiving a repor pursuan o paragraph 1 above shall promply inform
the following of the marine emergency:
(a) The Cenre.
(b) All oher Conracing Paries.
(c) The ag Sae of any foreign ship involved in he marine emergency concerned.
3. The content of the reports, including supplementary reports where appropriate, referred to in
paragraph 1 above should conform o he form o be adoped by he Cenre.
4. Any Conracing Pary which submis a repor pursuan o paragraphs 2 (a) and 2 (b) above,
shall be exemped from he obligaions specied in paragraph 2 of Aricle IX of he Convenion.
Aricle VIII
The Cenre shall promply ransmi informaion and repors which i receives from a Conracing
Pary pursuan o Aricles V, VI and paragraph 2 of Aricle VII of his Proocol o all oher Conracing
Parties.
Aricle IX
Any Conracing Pary which ransmis informaion pursuan o his Proocol may specically rett
sric is disseminaion. In such a case, any Conracing Pary o which his informaion has been
ransmied, or he Cenre, shall no divulge i o any oher person, Governmen, or o any public
or privae organizaion wihou he specic auhorizaion of he former Conracing Pary.
(a)
(b)
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Emergency Proocol
Aricle X
Any Conracing Pary faced wih a marine emergency siuaion shall:
Take every appropriate measure to combat pollution and/or to rectify the situation.
Immediaely inform all oher Conracing Paries, eiher direcly or hrough he Cenre,
of any acion which i has aken or inends o ake o comba he polluion. The Cenre
shall promply ransmi any such informaion o all oher Conracing Paries.
Make an assessment of the nature and extent of the marine emergency, either directly
or wih he assisance of he Cenre.
Determine the necessary and appropriate action to be taken with respect to the
marine emergency, in consulaion wih oher Conracing Paries, affeced Saes and
he Cenre.
Aricle XI
1. Any Conracing Pary requiring assisance in a marine emergency response may call for assisance
direcly from any oher Conracing Pary or hrough he Cenre. Where he services of he
Cenre are uilized, he Cenre shall promply ransmi requess received o all oher Conracing
Paries. The Conracing Paries o whom a reques is made pursuan o his paragraph shall use
their best endeavours within their capabilities to render the assistance requested.
2. The assistance referred to in paragraph 1 above may include:
Personnel, material, and equipment, including facilities or methods for the disposal of
recovered pollutants.Surveillance and monitoring capacity.
Facilitation of the transfer of personnel, material and equipment into, out of and through
he erriories of he Conracing Paries.
3. The services of he Cenre may be uilized by he Conracing Paries o cotordinae any matt
rine emergency response in which assistance is called for pursuant to paragraph 1 above.
4. Any Conracing Pary calling for assisance pursuan o paragraph 1 above shall repor he
aciviies underaken wih his assisance and is resuls o he Cenre. The Cenre shall promply
ransmi any such repor o all oher Conracing Paries.
5. In cases of special marine emergencies, he Cenre may call for he mobilizaion of resources
made available by he Conracing Paries o comba polluion by oil and oher harmful subtt
stances.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(a)
(b)
(c)
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PERSGA
Aricle XII
1. Having due regard o he funcions assigned o he Cenre under his Proocol, each Conracing
Party shall establish and maintain an appropriate Authority to carry out fully its obligations under thisProocol. Wih he assisance of he Cenre, he appropriae auhoriy of each Conracing Pary
shall cooperae and cotordinae is aciviies wih counerpars in he oher Conracing Paries.
2. Among oher maers wih respec o which cooperaion and cotordinaion effors shall be
directed under paragraph 1 above are the following:
Distribution and allocation of stocks of materials and equipment.
Training of personnel for marine emergency responses.
Marine pollution surveillance and monitoring activities.
Methods of communication in respect to marine emergencies.
Faciliaion of he ransfer of personnel, equipmen and maerials involved in marine emertt
gency responses ino, ou of, and hrough he erriories of he Conracing Paries.
Oher maers o which his Proocol applies.
Aricle XIII
The Council shall:
Review periodically he aciviies of he Cenre performed under his Proocol.
Decide on he degree o which, and sages by which, he funcions of he Cenre se
out in Article III will be implemented.
Deermine he nancial, adminisraive and oher suppor o be provided by he Conttracing Paries o he Cenre for he performance of is funcions.
This Proocol, considered an inegral par of he Convenion, shall be deposied wih he Governmen
of Saudi Arabia who shall ac as Deposiary pursuan o Aricle XXIX of he Convenion and who
shall ransmi ceried copies of i o he Conracing Paries. Ceried copies of his Proocol
shall be deposied, ogeher wih he Convenion, wih he General Secrearia of he League of
Arab Saes in accordance wih Aricle 17 of he Charer of he Arab League and regisered wih he
SecrearytGeneral of he Unied Naions in accordance wih Aricle 102 of he Charer of he
Unied Naions.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(a)
(b)
(c)
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Emergency Proocol
In witness whereof, he undersigned Plenipoeniaries, being duly auhorized by heir respecive
Governments, have signed the present Protocol.
For the Government of:
The Hashemie Kingdom of Jordan,
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,
The Republic of the Sudan,
The Democratic Republic of Somalia
Palestine
The Republic of Yemen
Done athe ciy of Jeddah on Saurday 20 Rabie Alhani 1426 (H) corresponding o 14 February
2005
Date of ratication of the present Protocol by Member States
State Date of Application Focal Point
Djibouti 2t3t1998Minisere de LEnvironmen du Tourisme e de
LArisana
Egyp 31t5t1990Council of Minisers, Environmenal Affairs
Agency, Cairo
Jordan 7t9t1988Ministry of Municipalities and Rural Affairs,
Division of Environmen
Saudi Arabia 22t5t1985Meeorology and Environmenal Proecion
Adminisraion, Jeddah
Somalia 1t3t1988Ministry of Fisheries and Marine
Transportation, Mogadishu
Sudan 5t6t1984 Naional Council for Research, Kharoum
Yemen 29t5t1982Universiy of Sanaa, Sanaa
Enry ino force: 20 Augus 1985.
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Protocol Concerning the Conseration of BiologicalDiersity and the Establishment of Network of
Protected Areas in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden(2005)
The Contracting Parties of Jeddah Convention,Being Parties to the Regional Conention for the Conseration of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden
Enironment, adopted in 1982, and its associated Protocol (hereinafter referred to as the Convv
ention).
Conscious of the continued pressures on the marine and coastal areas and their ecosystems within
their respectie territories and elsewhere, due to the process of urbanization, population growth,
economic deelopment, and other factors which may result in substantial decline of biodiervv
sity, and of the need to proide covoperatie and effectie measures to deal with and minimize
them.
Stressingthe importance of safeguarding biodiersity and, as appropriate, improing the state of
the natural and cultural heritage of the PERSGA region, in particular through the enhancement of
protected marine and coastal areas and also by the protection and conseration of threatened
species, on a national and regional basis to deal with this problem in a comprehensie manner.
Recognizingthat adoption and eventual ratication/accession of the Protocol will provide many
national, reional and lobal benets includin: contribution to the conservation of endemic, migvratory, reional and lobally sinicant species of fauna and ora; reduction of the loss and
deradation of coastal and marine ecosystems in the reion; enhancement of sociogeconomic
deelopment in the region, through the sustainable use of coastal and marine resources, including
shin and tourism; facilitation of the development and implementation of interated coastal and
marine resource manaement procedures; assistance to other reions in the preparation of similar
leal frameworks for access to, sustainable use of, and equitable sharin of the benets developed
from, their enetic resources and; improvement of reional collaboration, particular ly concernin
issues of a transvboundary nature and by proiding ehicles for public awareness, education and
research.
Consideringthe principles enunciated in instruments adopted by the United Nations Conference
on Enironment and Deelopment and particularly the Conention on Biological Diersity (Rio
de Janeiro, 1992), includin the Jakar ta Mandate and its ve thematic themes, as well as the instrugv
ments of other releant international agreements and programme of actions dealing directly or
indirectly with biodiersity conseration and protected areas.
Also notin that when there is a threat of sinicant reduction or loss of bioloical diversity, lack
of full scientic cer tainty should not be invoked as a reason for postponin measures to avoid or
minimize such a threat.
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Biodiersity Protocol
Reafrmingthat all States shall cooperate to consere, protect and restore the health and integvv
rity of marine and coastal ecosystems and that in iew of the different contributions to global
enironmental degradation, States hae common responsibilities in the pursuit of sustainable devv
elopment.
Have agreed as follows:
PART 1. General Provisions
Article 1: Objectives
1. To proide for the conseration, protection and restoration of the health and int