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Tim
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201
1Perspective Drawing
Rectilinear forms have three sets of parallel lines that show height, width and depth. This cube is color coded to show each set of parallel lines. There are many ways to draw 3D forms in 2D. This cube is shown in isometric projection. That mean that there is no dimensional distortion; there are no converging lines. This kind of drawing is often used for technical drawings.
The key to good perspective drawing in Illustrator is to properly set up your construction lines. In order to do this effectively, you will need to understand how each element relates to the others.
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rof.
Tim
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©
201
1Perspective Drawing
In order for a drawing to convey a sense of depth, we need to use perspective. This is how the human eye perceives objects. Lines in a perspective drawing converge towards a common point. This Escher print uses three point perspective.
This is an example of one point perspective. Notice how two sets of lines are still parallel, but the set showing depth is converging towards a point on the Horizon line. These lines are built along guide lines that run from the foreground to the Vanishing Point.
Vanishing Point
HorizonLine
ID@
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P
rof.
Tim
Pur
dy
©
201
1Perspective Drawing
In two point perspective, two sets of parallel lines run towards two separate Vanishing Points on the Horizon. Only one set of parallel lines remains. Notice that the vertical lines that indicate the object’s height get shorter the further away from the viewer they are. The closer the Vanishing Points, the more distortation there will be in the image.
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Tim
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©
201
1
pp
obs 1
obs 2
obs 3
TopView
vp vp hl
gp
vp vp
vp vp
Observer Distant
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Observer Position
pp
obs
TopView
vp vp hl
gp
obs
TopView
vp vp
obs
TopView
Angles60/30
Angles45/45
Angles30/60
vp
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1
Cone of Focus
TOP VIEW
OBSERVER
CIRCLE OF FOCUS
PICTORIAL VIEW SIDE VIEW
OBJ
PP
GP
CF
CS1
CS1
CS1
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1
Cone of Focus
OBSERVER
OBSERVER
PICTUREPLANE
PICTUREPLANE
CONE OF FOCUS45º – 60º
CONE OF FOCUS45º – 60º
1 2 2 1 2 3
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1
Circles in Perspective
MO
RELE
SSEQ
UA
LEQ
UA
L
4
1
3
2 DIAMETER
AXIS
MAJOR AXIS
MIN
OR
A
XIS
DIAMETER
PLANE
TOP VIEW
MAJOR AXIS
MAJOR AXIS
MAJOR AXIS
4
1
3
2
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P
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Tim
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©
201
1
Circles in PerspectiveCircles in Perspective
horizontal plane vertical plane horizontal plane vertical plane
draw any perspective square draw any perspective square draw any perspective square; divide into 4 parts; locate mid points
draw any perspective square; divide into 4 parts; locate mid points
locate center and 4 mid points locate center and 4 mid points divide into 16 parts divide into 16 parts
perspective center
estimate somewhat 2/3distance from 0 to corner
estimate somewhat 2/3 distance from 0 to corner
locate 8 additional points using rectangle diagonals
locate 8 additional points using rectangle diagonals
draw ellipseminor axis coincides
draw ellipseminor axis coincides
8 point 12 point
1
1 1=2 1=2 1=2
4 3
2
21 2
1
2
1=2
1
2