Download - Phat Trien Vsv
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Ph t trin vi sinh vt lin quan
t i tng s tbo, khng lin quant i l n ca tboY
Cc i hi cho s ph t trinVt lHo hc
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C c i hi vt l Y N hit
- a lnh (psychrophiles) (cold loving microbes )Di nhit 0 C - 20 C
- a m (mesophiles) (moderate temp. lovingmicrobes)
Di nhit 20 C - 40 C
Chi nhit (thermophiles) (heat lovingmicrobes)Di nhi t 40 C - 100 C
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pH Y Hu ht vi sinh vt ph t trin trong pH 6.5 - pH
7.5
Y Rt t c thpht trin d- i pH 4.0N hiu thc phm, nh- sauerkraut, d- a mui, v pho mt- c bo qun khi s h- hng do acid - c to ratrong qu trnh ln men
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p sut thm thu Y Hu ht vi sinh vt nhn - c tt c cc cht
dinh d- ng trong dung dch t mi tr- ngn- c xung quanh
Y Tnh c- ng (Tonicity)Tnh c- ng va (isotonic)
Tnh c- ng nhiu (hypertonic)Tnh c- ng t (hypotonic)
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Cells
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C c i hi ho hc Y Macro & Micro E lements
Y C HOPKINS CaFe Mg Na Cl
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OxygenY Vi sinh vt cn phi - c phn lo i da trn
cc i hi oxygen
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1. Vi sinh vt hiu kh(obligateAerobe)
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2. Vi sinh vt k kh(obligateAnaerobe)
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3 . Vi sinh vt hiu khkhng btbuc & k khkhng bt buc(Facultative Aerobe &FacultativeAnaerobes)
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4. Vi sinh vt cn rt t kh(Microaerophilic)
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Oxy gen lm cht mt s vi sinhvt Y Tt c vi sinh vt sinh ra superoxide ( O2-)
Y Superoxide lad c cho tbo(ly i c c int)
Y Superoxide cn phi - c trung ho
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Su peroxide dism uta se
Y O2- + O
2- + 2 H+ -------> H
2O
2+ O
2
Y Hydrogen peroxide cng l c t cho tbo v cn phi trung ho n
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C atala se
Y 2 H2O
2 --------> 2 H
2O + O
2
Y Vi sinh vt hiu khbt buc khuyt:Superoxide dismutase ( SOD )Catalase
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M i tr- ng nui c y Y 1. Thnh phn ho hc xc nh
Bit - c chnh xc thnh phn ho hcS dng ph t trin cc vi sinh vt kh tnh
Y 2. Mi tr- ng hn h p (Complex Media)Khng bit chnh x c thnh phn ho hcHu ht vi khun v nm mc ph t trin - ctrn mi tr- ng ny
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C c k thut nui c y c bit Y 1. Vi khun k kh(Anaerobic Bacteria)
a. Gim b t mi tr- ng (Reducing Media)b. Bung k kh(Anaerobic Container)c. Agar Stabd. Agar Shake
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C c k thut nui c y c bit Y 2. Vi khun t hiu kh(Microaerophilic
Bacteria)Pht trin tt nht O2 gim b t v tng mc
Khng khbnh th- ng 21 % O2
.3 n .03 % CO2
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Vi khun t khkh(Microaerophilic Bacteria)A. Bnh nn (Candle Jar)
16 % O 2
4 % CO2
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Vi khun it hiu kh
(Microaerophilic Bacteria)B . CO2 Gene rating Pack et
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M i tr- ng chn lc c chs ph t trin ca mt s vi khun trong
khi l i chn lc s pht trin cho cc vikhun khc
Y Vd:Brilliant Green Agar
Mu c chs pht trin vi khun Gram (+)Chn lc cho vi khun Gram (-)Hu ht cc nhim khun - ng rut gy ra do vikhun Gram (-)
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M i tr- ng chn lc Y E MB (E osin Methylene Blue)
Mu c chvi khun Gram (+)Chn lc cho vi khun Gram (-)
Hu ht cc nhim khun - ng rut gy rado vi khun Gram (-)
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M i tr- ng kh c bit Y S khc bit gia cc sinh vt khc nhau
pht trin trn c ng mt aY Vd:
a thch mu (TSA c 5% mu cu)S dng s khc nhau phn bit cc kiu
S
treptococci
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A lph a Hemolyt ic St re pt ococci
Incomplete lys is of R B Cs
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B eta H emolyt ic St re pt ococci
Complete lys is of R B Cs
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M i tr- ng chn lc v kh c bit Y Mannitol Salt Agar
S dng phn bitS taphy lococcus aureusY Mannitol Salt Agar
N ng mui cao (7.5%) c chhu ht cc vi khun - ng MannitolChthpH (Chuyn mu vng khi acid)
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M i tr- ng chn lc v kh c bit Y MacConkey s Agar
S dng phn bitS almonellaY MacConkey s Agar
Bile salts v crystal violet (c chvi khunGram (+))lactoseChthpH
Ma ny Gram (-) ente ric non- pathogenic bac teria ca n f er ment lactose, Sal mone lla can not
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Ph t trin vi sinh vt t ng s l- ng tbo
Y S sinh sn nhn i (Binary Fission)
Y Thi gian t i to (Doubling Time)thi gian i hi cho tbo nhn iHu ht trn 1 gi n3 gi.
E. coli - 20 minutesM y cobacterium tuberculosis- 24 gi.
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S sinh sn nhn i - unchecked Y E . coli thi gian ti to l 20 min.Y 20 thh(khong 7 gi.)
1 triu tboY 3 0 thh(khong 10 gi.)
1 t tbo
Y 72 thh(khong 24 gi.)1 x 10211,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 tbo
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C c y u t h n chtrong mi tr- ng Y Thiu thc n, n- c hoc cht dinh d- ngY Khng gianY tch t cc cht thi trao i chtY Thiu oxygenY Thay i pHY N hit
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C c pha ph t trinY 4 Pha
Y 1. PhaLagY 2. Pha LogY 3 . PhaStationaryY 4. PhaDeath
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1. Ph a La g Y Vi khun u tin - c - a vo mi tr- ng
ni cyY Vi khun checking out mi tr- ng xungquanhY Cc tbo hot ng trao i cht rt tch
ccY S l- ng tbo thay i rt tY 1 gi n vi ngy
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2 . Ph a L og Y Tbo pht trin nhanh (exponential
growth)Y Qun thtng gp i sau mi thhY Vi sinh vt rt nhy cm v i cc iu kin
bt l iantibioticsanti-microbial agents
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3 . Ph a Stat ion a ryY T lcht = t lsinh snY Cc tbo bt u chm trn v i cc iu
kin bt l i ca mi tr- ngThiu cht dinh d- ngThiu n cKhng khng gianCc cht thi trao i chtoxygenpH
Bt u hnh thnhE ndospore
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4 .Ph
aDeath
Y T lcht > t lt i toY Do cc yu t hn chtrong mi tr- ng
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m vi khunY c mi tr- ng - 10 triu tbo vi khun trn
ml
Y Pha lo ng hng lo t (Serial Dilution)