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PHILOSOPHY OF PHILIPPINE EDUCATION
DURING THE PRE – SPANISH PERIOD AND SPANISH PERIOD
By:MRS. ALONA T. NIEVA
MAT - TLE
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Pre Spanish Period
Introduction
Before the coming of the Spaniards , the early Filipinos had a culture of their own.
Education in the country is in great importance because it is the primary avenue for upward and social economic mobility. Philippine Educational system has a very deep history from the past in which it has undergone several stages of development going to the present system of education
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Evidence of Civilization
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Educational Philosophy
Survival
Enculturation
Societal and Conformity
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Type of Education:
Informal
Bothoan
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Teachers:Parent
Mother – domestic teacher
Father – Vocational Educator
Elders Pantas or Maginoo
Babaylan
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Content
Domestic
Course
Agriculture
Reading & Writing
Arithmetic
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Content
Literature
Moral and Spiritual
Awakening
LegendsProverbsRiddle
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Methods and Training
Demonstration Observe and Imitate Conversational Hands on
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Educational ImplicationsThey had no schools similar to those that now exist BUTThey were able to establish an orderly
rule of barangay and clan chiefs
They had system of religious belief that they called Bathala
They had a system of values such as family solidarity, modesty to women, obedience, respect, valor of men against invaders
Every home, in effect, is a school
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Educational Implications
They had no schools similar to those that now exist BUTThey valued human life and had
commonly held notions of honor and dignity (Chua Ju Kua)
They had a family system which deferred to the patriarch of the clan who usually the oldest and the wisest among old.
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Philosophy in Education duringSPANISH PERIOD
God, Gold, Glory
Expeditions
Magellan’s Expedition
Legaspi’s Expedition
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PhilosophyAlthough there was no statement of philosophy and objective for the schools, the following appear to be the underlying philosophical concerns:
Development of knowledge of the Christian faith and ethics in preparation mainly for the afterlife
Ability to read, write, count
Training for the allegiance to colonial rule of Spain
Vocational Skills in agriculture and trade
Ability to sing and read music primarily to participate in religious activities and secondarily for leisure.
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Type of Education
Early Spanish Period Parochial, religion -
oriented
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Type of Education
Early Spanish Period Teacher-
dominated Authoritarianism
Imposition of severe discipline
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Teacher
FriarsParent
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Content
Focus mainly on the learning of Christian Doctrine
Other subjects includes arithmetic, music, and various arts and trades Primary purpose is making the Indios subservient to the colonial ruler Learning Latin and less on Spanish language
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Teaching method
Dictation
Memorization Other techniques includes moro moro, cenaculo and other theatrical performances
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Later Period
Spanish Era
A reform on education of the Education Decree of 1863
Schools are still under in the Friars supervision
Indoctrination of Christianity More school/visitas were establish
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Educational decree of 1863
This law gave Filipinos complete system of education from elementary to the collegiate The law provided for the establishment of elementary schools, one for the boys and another for the girls.
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Content
Religion
Reading
Writing
Arithmetic
HistorySpanish Langua
ge
Agriculture
Needlework
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Secondary Education
Secondary school establish such as the colegios for the boys and beaterios for the girls
Some Colegio establish for the boys:• Colegio de San
Ignacio• Colegio de San
Juan de Letran• Ateneo
Municipal de Manila
Some Beaterio for the • Beaterio de Sta.
Isabel
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Collegiate Instruction Was provided by the University of
Sto. TomasCourses Offered:
Civil Law, JurisprudenceCanon Law, Philosophy and
LettersMedicine, Physics, and Chemical
Sciences For Training of Teachers, Normal
School were established in Manila and Nueva CacerasCourses Offered:
Theory and Practice of good citizenship, moral life and method
of teaching
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Teaching method
DictationMemorizationLectureDiscussion
Indoctrination
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Educational Implications
The rise of the Illustrados
The Birth of Nationalism, love of country and aspiration for freedom
Religion was use to train the Filipinos to unquestioning loyalty to the Spaniards
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References:
• Doris D. Tulios, Foundation of Education 2, pp. 111-113.
• http://www.deped.gov.ph/about_deped/history.asp
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_Philippines_during_Spanish_rule
• Et al, Historical, Philosophical and Psychosocial
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Eso es todo amigos !Gracias!
That’s All Folks!