Sr. Band Final / Post-Assessment Review Packet
Mr. Doherty
Dynamics – how loudly or softly you should play
Piano= Soft
Forte=Loud
Fortissimo= Very Loud
Pianissimo= Very Soft
Mezzoforte = Medium Loud
Mezzopiano = Medium Soft
Crescendo (cresc.)Means to get louder
Diminuendo (dim)means to getsofter
Tempo – how fast or slow a piece is to be played, measured in bpm
or beats per minuteGrave = Extremely SlowLargo = Very SlowAdagio = SlowModerato = Moderate SpeedAndante = Walking SpeedAllegro = Fast and joyfulVivo / Vivace = Very Fast
Accelerando means to get faster
Ritardando means to get slower
Rhythm= Four beats in
= Two beats in
= Three beats in
The “dot of prolongation adds half of the note valueto the primary note
= one beat in
= half a beat in
=
Sixteenth Notes
Counted One-e-and-a
Counted One-and-a
Counted One-e-and
Counted One-e-a
Counted One-a
Counted One-e
Tuplets – a certain number of notes in one beat.
Triplet = 3 notes in one beat in
Quintuplet = 5 notes in one beat in
Septuplet = 7 notes in one beat in
Rests – a silence takes the place of a note
Multiple measure rest (15)
Quarter rest = 1 beat
Half rest = 2 beats
Whole rest = 4 beats
Eighth rest = ½ beat
16 rest = ¼ beat
Syncopation – when the offbeats (off-beats are accented)
The Entertainer – Ragtime music features many accented offbeats.
Simple Meter = the number of beats in a measure which note gets one beat
4 beats per measurea quarter note getsone beat
Common time = 4/4
Three beats per measurea quarter notes gets a beatA Waltz is in ¾ time
Five beats per measurea quarter note gets a beat
Cut time means thereare two beats permeasure and a halfnote gets a beatMarches are often in cut time
Compound Meter = the number of beats in a measure which note gets one beat
6 beats per measurean eighth notegets a beat
Musical Symbols
D.S. – Dal Segno = back to the signD.C. – Da Capo = back to the beginning
Segno, or Italian for sign
Coda – an added ending on a piece of music Repeat sign
Accent – emphasize this note
Fermata – hold this note until the conductor cuts you off
Caesura – a complete stop in a piece of music
Musical Symbols
A flat lowers a note a half step
A natural means to play the Regular note, it gets rid ofA sharp or a flat
A sharp raises a note a half step
Staccato notes are played short anddetatched
Ex.
Ex.
Musical TermsTutti – everyone plays
Unison – many instruments playing the same notes
Enharmonic – two different names for the same note
Interval – the distance between two notes
Half step – the distance from a note to it’s “sharp” (Ex. C to C#).
Whole step – two half steps
Ostinato – a repeated musical passage
Ledger lines – notes played outside the staff
Chromatic Scale – a scale with all half steps
Ritardando – slowing down
Simile – play the notes the same as before
Sforzando – a type of harsh accent
Scale – an ascending series of seven notes in the pattern WWHWWWH
Enharmonics – two different names for the same pitch
Db = ? A# = ?
G# = ? Gb = ?
Bb = ? F# = ?
Key Signatures
Key of _____
Key of _____
Key of _____
Key of _____
Key of _____
Key of _____
Rules – Flats and Sharps
1. Once a note is flat or sharp in a measure it stays flat or sharp.2. A natural will cancel out a previous flat or sharp in a measure.3. The bar line cancels out any sharps or flats from the previous measure.
What is the name of the last note?
What is the name of the last note?
What is the name of the last note?