Download - Pine Terpene Biofuels & Renewable Chemicals
Pine Terpene Biofuels & Renewable Chemicals
Jennifer Lauture, MSc StudentGary Peter, Professor
School of Forest Resources & ConservationAlan Hodges, Extension Specialist,
Food & Resource Economics
Biofuels & Co-products
Extraction•Sugar – Ferment to EtOH– Sugar•Starch– Amylase + ferment
to EtOH– Oil, animal feed•Oil– Transesterification
to biodiesel– Glycerin
Deconstruction•Lignocellulose– Sugar Platform• Size reduction + degradation
+ fermentation• Power, lignin
– Gas Platform• Anaerobic digestion to biogas• Gasification + catalytic
synthesis to liquid fuel• Power
– Liquid Platform• Cracking / pyrolysis +
upgrading
1st GENERATION BIOFUELS 2nd GENERATION BIOFUELS
Come from domesticated plants breed & selected for concentration & yield of
edible food molecules
Non-edible parts of food plants & undomesticated grasses & trees which have high heterogeneity &
low chemical uniformity
Southern Pines: The Renewable Chemicals, Biofuels & Bioenergy Star
BIOLOGICALLY FEASIBLE• Grows on land not suitable for food
production• Year long carbon accumulation• Established growing systems based
on robust empirical knowledge• Early stages of domestication
– 3rd generation of breeding– Genetic engineering & clonal
propagation methods developed• Naturally synthesizes & stores lipids
& terpenes in wood– Inducible synthesis of terpenes in wood– Wood terpene content as high as 40%
of wood dry weight
SUSTAINABLE• Growth exceeds removals• High harvest index, energy positive,
carbon negative due to low inputs• Largest biomass supply chain in the
world serves large markets for “traditional” lignocellulose products
• High value markets for mono- and diterpenes collected as co-products– Pinene can be converted to JP-8 & JP-
10 jet fuels• Wood & wood pellets for electricity• Lignocellulose biofuels from pine
being commercialized?
Pine Terpenes• Pines naturally synthesize a
diversity of terpenes as defense compounds
• Terpenes accumulate in naturally to >20% in heartwood– Constitutive synthesis– Inducible synthesis
• Pinene dimers meet most specs for jet fuel
Pine Chemicals is a $3 Billion/Y Global Business
Pine
Specialty Resins
Pulp mill
Biosynthesis
Extraction
Crude Products
Final Products
Specialty Chemicals
Gum Turpentine
& Rosin
CTO & CST
Industrial Biofuels
Flavors & Fragrances
Live Tree
Wood Turpentine&
Rosin
850,000 Mg/y 450,000 Mg/y 5,000 Mg/y
FDACS Office of Energy Award: Develop Cost Effective Tree Tapping Methods
• Tree size & health with stimulators– Age– Stand treatment history
• Thinning– Fertilization
• Pinestraw raking– Fertilization
– Inducers• Methyl jasmonate• Ethephon• MeJ + Ethephon
– In-tree injection post tapping– Second year tapping of MeJ treated
trees• Experimental design detects
interactions between stand and tree features with inducers
• Test ARA (Applied Research Associates) hydrotreating method
• Target is < $800/ton
J. Lauture