Transcript
Page 1: Plant Organs Roots Stems Leaves Flowers Fruits Seeds

Plant Organs

RootsStemsLeavesFlowersFruitsSeeds

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Flower

Sepals…CalyxPetals…CorollaStamens…Androecium

anther & filamentPistils…Gynecium

stigma, style, ovary (egg)

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Flower

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Magnoliaceae

Primitive flower - blending of flower parts; spirally arranged

fossils, embryology, modern plants Degeneria

Carpel - primitive pistil

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Carpel Formation

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Placentation

Parietal

Axial

Free Central

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Number of carpels

1. Lines on the outside of the pistil

2. One stigma lobe per carpel

3. Number of locules (if not free central

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Flower Symmetry:

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Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem

Solitary - one flower per peduncle

Terminal:

Axillary:

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Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem

Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence

spike:

Raceme:

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Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem

Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence

Panicle:Much branched

Corymb:Outer flowersoldest

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Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem

Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence

Cyme:Middle flowersoldest

Umbel:All come ofPeduncle apex

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Inflorescence Types arrangement of flowers on the flowering stem

Many Flowered - More than one flower per inflorescence

Head:Dense, rounded with many sessile flowers

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Inflorescence Types

Determinate:Oldest flowers toward the top

Indeterminate:Oldest flowers toward the bottom

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Inflorescence Types

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Ovary Position

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Ovary Position

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Stem - Branch

Bud - embryonic branch

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Leaves

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Leaves - Margins

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Hairs - Glands

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Leaf Position:

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Underground Roots/Stems

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Woody vs Herbaceous

Woody - Shrubs (fruticose)

Trees arboreous - well developed trunk

arborescent - > 20 feet but main trunk short

Vines- climbing with tendrils

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Woody Perennials

Apical Dominance

Age of Branch

Age of Tree

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Fruit (Pericarp) ripened ovary

Exocarp, Mesocarp, Endocarp

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Fruit Types

Fleshy:Hip - cluster on achenes in a hypanthium

Pome - from a compound, inferior ovary with a thick & fleshy receptacle

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Fruit Types

Fleshy

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Fruit Types

Dry Indehiscent:Achene - 1-seeded, connected to the pericarp at a single point

Samar (Shizocarp)- 1-seeded winged achene

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Fruit Types

Dry Indehiscent:Acorn - 1-seeded, with a hard coat & surrounded by a cap of hard bracts

Nut - 1-seeded, hard coat

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Fruit TypesDry Indehiscent

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Fruit Types

Dry Dehiscent:Capsule - multiple carpeled, opening in

various ways

Follicle - 1-carpelated fruit splitting down 1 side

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Fruit Types

Dry Dehiscent:Legume - 1-celled, 1-carpelated, splitting on 2

sides

Sillicle (sillique)- short, 2-locular fruit with each half separating from one another with a thin septum

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Fruit TypesDry Dehiscent

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Fruit TypesSimple - from one ovaryCompound

Aggregatefrom many pistils

Accessoryfrom many pistils

fleshy receptacle

Multiplefrom many flowers

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Life Cycle Durations

Annual - one year of less

Biennial - 2 years

Perennial - more than 2 years

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Plant Structure Coalescence

Connate -Same kinds of structures coalesce

Adnate -Different kinds of structures coalesce

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Plant Structure Coalescence

Synpetalous -Corolla tube

Synsepalous -Calyx tube

Apetalous ?

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Plant Structure Coalescence

Filaments:

Monodelphus - all stamens coalesce

Diadelphus - 2 stamens coalesce

Polydelphus - many stamen coalesce


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