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CONTROL OF TOXICEMISSIONS IN IC ENGINES
BY NANO MATERIALS
Guided By : AJESH SOMAN
ASST.PROFESSOR Dept. of ME MCET
Presented By : DEEPU.D S7 ME Roll No : 4216 MCET
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CONTENTS
LITERATURE REVIEW
INTRODUCTION
METHODOLOGY
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CATALYSIS
APPLICATIONS OF CATALYTIC CONVERTER
RESULTS
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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LITERATURE REVIEW
Durairajan A et.al. conducted an Experimental
investigation and control the toxic emissions in IC
engines by nano materials
Investigational Study and Manage the Poisonous
Emissions in IC Engines by Nano Materials by
N.Kanthavelkumaran et.al.
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INTRODUCTION
All transport vehicles; both SI (Spark ignition) and CI
(Compression ignition) are equally responsible for
emitting different kind of pollutants
Some of the primary kinds having direct hazardous
effects such as carbon-monoxide, hydrocarbons,
nitrogen oxides, etc
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Carbon-dioxide is not considered as pollutant.
If carbon-dioxide exceeds 5000ppm, then it
becomes a health hazard.
Using nano catalytic converter, pollution is
controlled by means of catalytic reaction
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METHODOLOGY
1. Laser ablation
2. Arc discharge
3. Plasma enhanced CVD
4.Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)
CVD method is used to synthesis the Nano
palladium & Nano rhodium
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CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION (CVD)
Figure 1Schematic representation of CVD
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Easy method
Gas phase deposition
Large scale possible
Relatively cheap
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CATALYTIC CONVERTOR
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Reduce the toxicity of emissions from an
internal combustion engine.
Converts the harmful toxic combustion products
and its byproducts into less-toxic substances.
Catalysis
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Effective after treatment process for reducing engine
emission
Catalytic converter is generally called as three way
catalytic converter
Honeycomb structure
Catalytic converter uses alumina
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TYPES OF CONVERTORS
Monolythic Convertor
Two way Convertor
Three way Convertor
Dual bed Convertor
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GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CATALYSIS
The following is a typical reaction, where C represents the
catalyst, X and Y are reactants, and Z is the product of the
reaction of X and Y.
• X + C → XC
• Y + XC → XYC
• XYC → CZ
• CZ → C + Z
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DISPERSION
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PROCESSES
Capillary Impregnation
Drying
Calcinations
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APPLICATIONSPetrol engine emission control
Diesel engine emission control
Food processing industries
Chemical manufacturing industries
Gas turbines
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RESULTS
• NOx Reduction
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The NOx value decreasing and reaches the
minimum value on using nano catalytic
converter.
Catalytic reaction with Nano palladium
No load condition 33.33% decrease in NOx value
At peak load condition about 54.3 % NOx value.
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• HC Reduction
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The HC value decreases to minimum value on using
Nano catalytic converter.
Catalytic reaction with nano rhodium
At no load condition about 72.1% decrease in HC value
At peak load condition about 68.8 % decrease in HC
value.
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• CO Reduction
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The CO value decreases and reaches the minimum
value on Nano catalytic converter.
Catalytic reaction with nano rhodium
At no load condition there is about 60% decrease in
CO value At peak load condition there is about 40 %
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CONCLUSION
Nano palladium and nano rhodium particles (90-100 nm) were
synthesized and characterized byusing chemical vapor deposition
method.
The nano catalytic converter efficiently decreases the emission of
NOx, HC and CO components.
Only one factor disqualify nano catalytic covertor is the cost
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REFERENCES
N.Kanthavelkumaran, P.Seenikannan, C.Bibin, “Investigational Study and Manage
the Poisonous Emissions in IC Engines by Nano Materials”, Life Science Jounal
2013,pp.102-107
Durairajan A, Kavitha T, Rajendran A, “Experimental investigation and control the
toxic emissions in IC engines by nano materials”,Discovery Science,volume
1,number1,July 2012
M. Mansha, A.H. Qureshi, I.A. Chaudry, E.M. Shahid,” THREE WAY CATALYTIC
SIMULATION OF ENGINE-OUT EXHAUST EMISSION”, Journal of Quality and
Technology Management Volume IX, Issue I, June 2013, Page 57 – 68
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