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Potato Storage Management: A Global Perspective
Nora Olsen University of Idaho, USA
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Driving Change in Storage Management
• Research
• Education
• Technology
• Market, Consumers and Economics
Reduce losses and maintain quality
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Minimizing Losses • Duration – market and demand
• Transpiration and respiration
• Disease, pests, animals
• Sprouting
• Quality – processing; consumer acceptance, appeal and taste, edible
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Location driven storage structure and management
• Climate – emerging global markets
• Field agronomics
• Market criteria and location
• Resources
Africa. Photo by Dr. Joe Guenthner, University of Idaho, USA
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Storage Management • Foundation of basic management
– Quality into storage
– Ventilation, humidity, and temperature control
– Even and consistent air distribution
– Sufficient insulation
– Ease of access and sanitation
• Evolving implementation and application of basics
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Evolving and emerging technologies
• Research and technology
• Variety development
• Sprout and disease control
• Modernization of structure and control systems
• Continuous collection of data
• Food safety
• Quality requirements high
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Ethiopia, Africa. Photo Courtesy of Dr. Joe Guenthner, University of Idaho, USA
Since 2005, over 50% of global production from developing countries
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Developing regions • Agri-business versus individual or communal storage
• Capital investment and maintenance costs – Public and private
• Quality expectations and market needs
• Education on fundamental and creative application of storage
• Simple to complex technology can aid storage challenges – research opportunities
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China. Photo courtesy of Allan French, Simplot, USA
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Developing regions • Locally derived materials and construction methods
• Design structure and management key to minimizing losses from disease, pests, animals, environment
• Security and identification
• Use basic fundamentals of storage management • Ventilation, Temperature, Humidity
• Sprout control
• Expectations and duration of storage
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Powdery Scab, Spongospora subterranea Positive result
Blood Glucose Monitor for Quick Potato Glucose Level
Pythium leak, Pythium ultima positive result
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Underground potato storage in Turkey. Photo courtesy of Dr. Mike Thornton, Univ. of Idaho, USA
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Saudi Arabia. Photo by Khalid Al-Morsy, Leha Agriculture
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Photos courtesy of Shreekant Zamindar, Chatrakaran Cold Storage, India
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Global Storage Examples • Sichuan Provence of China
– Seed production
• Ethiopia and Kenya of Africa
– Seed and ware subsistence/local sale
• Pacific Northwest of the United States
– Volume for year-round supply
– 60% + process
– Global market distribution
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Seed storage in Sichuan Provence, China
Photo courtesy of Dr. Xiyao Wang, Photos courtesy of Dr. Xiyao Wang, Sichuan Agricultural University, China
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Eupatorium adenophorum for sprout inhibition
Slide courtesy of Dr. Xiyao Wang, Sichuan Agricultural University
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Ethiopia, Africa. Photo Courtesy of Dr. Joe Guenthner, University of Idaho, USA
Seed Potato Storage in Ethiopia, Africa. Diffuse light storage
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Kenya, Africa. Photo Courtesy of Dr. Joe Guenthner, University of Idaho, USA
Ware Potato Storage in Kenya, Africa
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Kenya, Africa. Photo Courtesy of Dr. Joe Guenthner, University of Idaho, USA
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Process Potato Storage in Pacific Northwest of North America
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Sophisticated Control Systems: Ventilation, Temperature and Humidity; Sensors
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Evaporative cooling pad and centrifugal humidifier
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Air wall with computer controlled fan for condensation management
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Efficiency and Sustainability • Storage “check” (eg. StoreCheck in UK)
– Ventilation flow/rate, efficiency and distribution
– Refrigeration
– Humidification
– Sensors
– Energy consumption
– Sanitation
• Use of evaporative cooling pads
• Use of variable frequency (speed) drive to control fan speed – Energy consumption significantly reduced (up to 85%)
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Impact of CO2, temperature and environmental conditions on process quality
Hot climates (eg. Saudi Arabia) or cold climates (eg. Canada) with reliance on refrigeration or lack of daily outside air
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Sprout control • Storage temperature; variety selection
• Chlorpropham (CIPC)
– Stewardship– “Be CIPC Compliant” in Great Britain
– Application and efficacy
– Export
• Alternative products
– Essential oils (mint, clove, carvone, muna, others)
– Naphthalene based
– 3-decen-2-one
– Ethylene
– Others
• Programs or mixtures with CIPC Saudi Arabia. Photo by Khalid Al-Morsy, Leha Agriculture
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Thermal clove oil application to potatoes in storage (USA).
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Spearmint Peppermint Untreated CIPC
Russet Burbank after 9 months in 7.2°C storage
(8 applications of mint oil)
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Ranger Russet after application of 3-decen-2-one
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Russet Norkotah after application of Muńa oil
(Minthostachys setosa)
Collaborative work with Dr. Kurt Manrique at CIP, Peru
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Sprout control of seed • Storage temperature; variety selection
• Chemistries with limited or desired impact on production
– Essential oils or plant based material
– Naphthalene
– Ethylene
– Others
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Global Opportunities • Research
– Variety specific management
– Disease and sprout control
– Structure and management efficiency
• Education – Access
– Fundamentals
– Adaptation
• Technology – Goal of uniformity and quality
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World Production Year Tons
2003 314,902,750
2012 368,868,768
17% increase in 10 years