![Page 1: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
YG - 150429
Vectormune ND
a step towards control of Newcastle Disease
Yannick Gardin1, Vilmos Palya1, John Elattrache1, Marcelo Paniago2, Christophe Cazaban2,
Fernando Lozano2, Pascal Paulet3
1Scientific and Innovation Department, 2Global Veterinary Services Poultry department, 3Poultry Franchise department.
Poultry Vaccinology Summit
April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary
![Page 2: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
YG - 150429
For the control of Newcastle Disease (ND)
vaccination is a very efficacious tool,
if complementary to:
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 3: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
YG - 150429
For the control of Newcastle Disease (ND)
vaccination is a very efficacious tool,
if complementary to:
The parameters of ND vaccination
Good animal husbandry
Stringent Biosecurity
Effective Sanitary Police
![Page 4: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
YG - 150429
ND vaccination program
must match the field disease pressure:
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 5: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
YG - 150429
ND vaccination program
must match the field disease pressure:
Low ND is a potential risk
Medium ND is a real risk
High ND is a strong risk
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 6: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
YG - 150429
Reliable vaccination against ND
must take into account:
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 7: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
YG - 150429
Reliable vaccination against ND
must take into account:
Importance of vaccine administration
including flock coverage
Interference with Passive immunity
(Maternally Derived Antibodies or
MDA)
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 8: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
YG - 150429
The critical points regarding
vaccine immunity against ND are:
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 9: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
YG - 150429
The critical points regarding
vaccine immunity against ND are:
Onset of Immunity (OOI)
Level of Immunity (LOI)
Duration of Immunity (DOI)
The parameters of ND vaccination
![Page 10: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
YG - 150429
As of today, there are 2+1 categories
of vaccines against ND:
ND vaccines
![Page 11: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
YG - 150429
As of today, there are 2+1 categories
of vaccines against ND:
Live attenuated
Inactivated (killed) adjuvanted
ND vaccines
![Page 12: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
YG - 150429
As of today, there are 2+1 categories
of vaccines against ND:
Live attenuated
Inactivated (killed) adjuvanted
rHVT-F (Vectormune ND)
ND vaccines
![Page 13: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
YG - 150429
The classical ND vaccines
Category + -
Live Fast OOI Local (& general Imm.)
Susceptible to MDA Post Vaccination Reactions Short lasting Immunity
Killed Long lasting Immunity Susceptible to MDA
Local reaction General Immunity only
ND vaccines
![Page 14: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
YG - 150429
Category + -
Live Fast OOI Local (& general Imm.)
Susceptible to MDA Post Vaccination Reactions Short lasting Immunity
Killed Long lasting Immunity Susceptible to MDA
Local reaction General Immunity only
ND vaccines
The classical ND vaccines
![Page 15: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
YG - 150429
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 16: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
YG - 150429 (after P.H. Russel, 1993)
27 34 41
Age (days)
serum
tears
Antibody titre*
(10 log)
<1
1
2
3
4
5
1 13 21
*ImmunoPeroxydase Monolayer Assay
6
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 17: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
YG - 150429
Live attenuated ND vaccines
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 18: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
YG - 150429
Live attenuated ND vaccines
The problem of interference with MDA
% protection / challenge
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Chickens
Control
MDA
with without
Age (days)
(after Bennejean G. et al., 1978)
![Page 19: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
YG - 150429
Live attenuated ND vaccines
The problem of interference with MDA
% protection / challenge
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Chickens
Vaccinated
Control
MDA
with without
Age (days)
(after Bennejean G. et al., 1978)
![Page 20: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
YG - 150429
Live attenuated ND vaccines
The problem of interference with MDA
Chickens
Vaccinated
Control
MDA
with without
% protection / challenge
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Age (days)
(after Bennejean G. et al., 1978)
![Page 21: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
YG - 150429
Killed (inactivated) ND vaccines
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 22: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
YG - 150429
Killed (inactivated) ND vaccines
The problem of interference with MDA
(after Bennejean G. et al., 1978)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 5 10 15 20 30 40 50 60
Age at challenge (days)
% o
f pro
tect
ion
Killed vaccine - No MDA
Killed vaccine - MDA
![Page 23: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
YG - 150429
rHVT-F (Vectormune ND) vaccine
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 24: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
YG - 150429 (Extract from study SCI 193-2012 – SSIU Ceva Phylaxia)
La Sota (Phylaxia)
antigen
rHVT-F (Vectormune ND) vaccine
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 25: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
YG - 150429 (Extract from study SCI 193-2012 – SSIU Ceva Phylaxia)
La Sota (Phylaxia)
antigen
rHVT-F (Vectormune ND) vaccine
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 26: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
YG - 150429 (Extract from study SCI 193-2012 – SSIU Ceva Phylaxia)
La Sota (Phylaxia)
antigen
rHVT-F (Vectormune ND) vaccine
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 27: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
YG - 150429 (Extract from study SCI 193-2012 – SSIU Ceva Phylaxia)
La Sota (Phylaxia)
antigen
rHVT-F (Vectormune ND) vaccine
The problem of interference with MDA
![Page 28: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
YG - 150429
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 29: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
YG - 150429
Laboratory trials in Thailand (vvNDV)
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 30: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
YG - 150429
Laboratory trials in Thailand (vvNDV)
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
VECTORMUNE HVT-NDV
Laboratory challenge trials in Thailand
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
14 21 28
Age at challenge (days)
Per
cent
age
of p
rote
ctio
n
Vectormune HVT-NDV
Cevac Vitapest L
Cevac Vitapest L + Vectormune HVT-NDV
Cevac Vitapest L + Cevac Broiler ND K
Controls
![Page 31: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
YG - 150429
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
Laboratory trials at SSIU Ceva Phylaxia
![Page 32: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
YG - 150429
- Commercial broilers (20 per group)
- Vectormune ND SQ or in-ovo (-3d)
- Challenge :
- 105 EID50 Chimalhuacan NDV strain
- at 3 or 4 or 6 weeks of age
- IN + ON route
- Oropharyngeal and Cloacal swabs taken 3 and 7 days PC
- Virus quantification using RT-PCR
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
Laboratory trials at SSIU Ceva Phylaxia
![Page 33: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
YG - 150429 33
Clinical protection
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 34: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
YG - 150429
* * * * * * * *
Challenge at D28
Reduction
of
shedding
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 35: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
YG - 150429
* * * * * * * *
Reduction
of
shedding
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
Challenge at D28
![Page 36: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
YG - 150429 36
Does it protect
against
various types
of NDV ?
F
insert
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 37: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
YG - 150429 37
F
insert Yes !
Does it protect
against
various types
of NDV ?
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 38: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
YG - 150429 38
F
insert Yes !
Yes !
Does it protect
against
various types
of NDV ?
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 39: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
YG - 150429 39
F
insert Yes !
Yes !
Yes !
Does it protect
against
various types
of NDV ?
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 40: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
YG - 150429 40
F
insert Yes !
Yes !
Yes !
Yes !
Does it protect
against
various types
of NDV ?
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
![Page 41: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
YG - 150429
- Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA
- Vectormune ND (d1 – SQ)
- Vectormune ND (d1 – SQ) + Cevac Vitapest L (ED)
+ Cevac ND IB EDS K (w15 – IM)
- Challenge :
- 105 EID50 Malaysian 2010 vvNDV viscerotropic
isolate (Genotype VII) - IN route (0,1 ml)
- at 3, 4, 6, 10, 33, and 72 weeks of age
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
Controlled trials at SSIU Ceva Phylaxia
![Page 42: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
YG - 150429
Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
3 4 6 10 15 33
Age at challenge (in weeks)
% P
rote
ctio
n
Vectormune HVT-NDV
Vectormune HVT-NDV +
Cevac Vitapest L + KilledControls
33 72
Efficacy of Vectormune ND
Controlled trials at SSIU Ceva Phylaxia
![Page 43: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
YG - 150429
Vectormune ND: vaccination programs
Disease pressure
MDA Vectormune ND Live ND Priming
D1
Live ND boost
D14-18
Low O O
Medium O O O
High O O O O
![Page 44: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
YG - 150429
Conclusions: Vectormune ND
Vaccine « take » is not prevented by MDA
Vaccine take depends only on the quality of
administration
Administration can be done at the hatchery
(in-ovo or SQ) i.e. in the most reliable way
Early immunity can be re-inforced by MDA
and live vaccine(s) if necessary
Duration of immunity is outstanding
Shedding of challenge virus is reduced
![Page 45: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
YG - 150429
Conclusions: Vectormune ND
A (major) step towards
a better control of
Newcastle Disease
![Page 46: Poultry Vaccinology Summit April 28-30, Budapest, Hungary ... · PDF fileND vaccination program ... -Lohman Brown layer pullets with MDA ... Protection of layers against vvNDV challenge](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022030423/5aaac7777f8b9a9a188eaa15/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
YG - 150429
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION