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Europe
Monuments
Brandeburg Gate• WHERE? Berlin• WHEN? Completed in 1791• WHAT IS IT? It is a gate which
symbolized the division of Berlinduring the Cold War. It is 26 metreshigh and 65 meters wide.
• The most important part of it is the quadriga, a statue of a chariot with 4 horses. This statue was stolen by Napoleon as a sign of his win againstPrussia.
Belvedere Castle• WHERE? Vienna, Austria
• WHEN? Completed in 1723
• WHAT IS IT? It is a summer residence for prince Eugene of Savoy.It is a building consisting of two Baroque palaces: the Upper and the Lower Belvedere. Its gardens are huge and breathtaking.
• At the end of the 18° century, the Lower Belvedere became a safeplace for royals escaped from the French Revolutiont, for exampleLouis XVI.
• The Upper Belvedere became an Art Gallery, which is still open to publi. Here you can find very valuable artworks such as The Kiss by Klimt.
Plaza Mayor• WHERE? Madrid, Spain
• WHEN? 15° century
• WHAT IS IT? When Phillip II arrived in Madrid, he ordered the construction of this square.
• The Plaza was at first a place for the market, then itbecame the scene of several events, from bullfights to public executions. Nowadays it is used mainly for concerts and festivals. There are 237 balconies facingthe Plaza. It has a total of nine entrance ways.
St. Patrick’s Cathedral• WHERE? Dublin, Ireland
• WHEN? 1191
• WHAT IS IT? It is the tallest and the largest church in Ireland. It is the national cathedral for Ireland. It was built where St. Patrick is told to have baptized several non-Christians.
• It is also very famous for the Christmas celebrations , especially the chants.
• Nowadays the Cathedral is the location for many national ceremonies. For example ‘Ireland’s Rememberance Day’, which is a day dedicated to the memory of the Irish who died during the First World War.
Prague astronomical clock WHERE? Prague, Czech Republic
WHEN? 15° century
WHAT IS IT? It is a clock divided into 3 parts: 1.An astromical part which represents the position of the Sun and the Moon in the sky2.A religious part, composed by sculptures of the 12 Apostles moving every hour3.A calendar representing the months of the year.It is located on the tower of the Old Town Square
Basilica di San Marco• WHERE? Venice, Italy
• WHEN? 1117
• WHAT IS IT? It is the most important church in Venice. Originally it was the chapel of the doge, the head of the city.
• In the 13° century it was destroid by a big fire and it was rebuiltright away.
• It has 4 big domes, which were built in a bizantine style.
• The frontal facade was completed only in the 15° century.
Parthenon
• WHERE? Athens, Greece
• WHEN? 480 before Christ
• WHAT IS IT? It was built as a Greek templededicated to Athena, the goddess of knowledge and war.
• In history it had many functions, for example it wasused as a building to keep money safe.
• In the 4° century, it became a church dedicated to Mary. Later it was tranformed into a mosque.
• During several wars it was damaged and parts of itwere taken to build walls and military camps.
Mythology
Irish mythology
The Dagda• Portrayed as a father- figure,
chieftain and druid
• Associated with fertility, agriculture and strength
• He is said to have the control of time and seasons
Irish mythology
• Associated with fate
• Appears as a crow, flying above the battlefield
• Has the power to choose who would live and who would die during the battles
The Morrigan
Norse mythology
The Freyjia
• Associated with love, sex, beauty, fertility
• She has two daughters
• She cries tears of gold
Norse mythology
Thor
• Hammer-wielding god associated with tunder and lightning
• He bears at least fourteen names
• He rides a chariot pulled by two goats
Roman mythology
Neptune
• God of freshwater and sea
• He is represented with a trident which has the control of the sea
• Was also worshipped as a god of horses and horse-racing
Roman mythology
Bacchus
• God of agriculture, wine and fertility
• He was the last God to join the 12 Olympians
• He always carried a pinecone-topped staff
French mythology
Roland
• Was a military leader under Charlemagne
• His story is told in the poem called “Chanson de Roland”
• He is equiped with the olifant (signal horn) and with an unbreakable sword
Food
For Italy: Pasta
Pasta is the abbreviation of the italian word
“Pastasciutta”.
Pasta is a very simple and easy meal to
cook: you just need a large pot.
- Fill it with water and then heat it up.
- When it’s boiling add salt to the water
- Put the pasta in it.
Wait until it’s cooked and eat.
Pasta is a very simple meal that requires no
cooking skills at all. It has many different
varieties because of the different type of
pasta and the different kinds of sauces,
such as the Genovese “Pesto” and the
Roman “Carbonara”.
- Put the Pastasciutta in the
water only if the water is
boiling.
- Use proper sauce such as
“ragù” (Bolognese) or “pesto”
- Different types of pasta =
different cooking times
Check the correct timing
on the package!
- Don’t put the pasta in the water
without salt or if the water isn’t
boiling.
- Never use ketchup as a sauce.
Don’t mix pasta and ketchup!! ☺
- Wait until it’s cooked. Just wait
patiently. No need to rush!
- Don’t try to teach Italians how to
cook pasta!!
Dos and Don’ts with Pasta
For France: Saint Honorè
Saint Honorè It’s a cake that takes its
name from the patron saint of pastry
makers: Saint Honoré or Honoratus.
This classic French dessert is a circle of
puff pastry at its base with a ring of
profiteroles on the outer edge and baked
small cream puffs dipped in caramelized
sugar.
This base is traditionally filled with
crème chiboust (pastry cream ) and
finished with whipped cream.
For Ireland: Boxty
Boxty is a traditional Irish potato pancake. Its
name is probably derived from the Irish “arán
bocht tí”, meaning “poor-house bread”.
The most popular version of this dish consists of
finely grated raw potatoes and mashed
potatoes with flour, baking soda, buttermilk and
eggs.
After the Great Famine (1845- 1852) due to the
intensive work on the field, there were only low
quality waterish potatoes that couldn’t be boiled.
This dish is important because it was one of the
few ways to eat potatoes at that time.
Boxty and popular culture
Boxty is seen as a part of the local culture.
It has inspired folk rhymes such as:
“Boxty on the griddle,
And Boxty on the pan;
The wee one in the middle
Is for Mary Ann.
Boxty on the griddle,
boxty on the pan,
If you can’t bake boxty
sure you‘ll never get a man.
Boxty on the griddle,
Boxty on the pan,
if you don’t eat boxty,
You’ll never get a man.”
For Austria: Apfelstrudel
Apfelstrudel is a popular pastry in Austria and in many
countries in Europe that once belonged to the Austro-
Hungarian empire.
Apfelstrudel consists of an oblong strudel pastry jacket
with an apple filling inside. The filling is made of
grated cooking apples sugar, cinnamon, raisins, and
bread crumbs.
The filling is spread over the dough and then the
strudel is rolled, making a swirl pattern when the
strudel is cut across. Perhaps this is the origin of the
name which means whorl or whirlpool.
Spain: Paella
Paella is a Valencian rice dish with
ancient roots that originated in its modern
form in the mid-19th on the east coast of
Spain adjacent to the city of Valencia.
Valencians often made casseroles of rice
for family gatherings and religious feasts,
thus establishing the custom of eating
rice in Spain.
Valencian paella consists of white rice,
green beans, meat (chicken and rabbit),
white beans, snails, and seasoning such
as saffron and rosemary.
The Paella
Paella is a convivial rite to share with
friends and family, especially on
Sundays and feast days. All gather in joy
around the large “paella”, the typical
large iron skillet with two side handles,
from which the dish gets its name.
The paella is a dish with humble origins.
However, due to its importance in the
Spanish culture there are many legends
about the way it was created.
One famous legend has that the origin of this
dish is to be attributed to the host of an inn in
southern Spain, where one day a beautiful
princess stopped. Struck by the beauty of the
girl, the host wanted to personally cook a
sensational dish for her. Therefore he mixed
in a saucepan all the fresh and tasty
ingredients he had available: rice,
vegetables from his garden, meat, poultry,
seafood, wine and olive oil. When the
princess asked him the name of this delicious
dish, not knowing what to say, the man simply
exclaimed ”
pa ella!” (in Spanish: "for her").
Historical Figures
Homer
• One of the most famous poets of the ClassicalAge
• His masterpieces are Odyssey and Iliad
• He describes the Troian War which involvedGreece and part of the Turkey
Giulio Cesare
• Roman politician, general, and notable author of Latin prose.
• He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
Pablo Picasso
• Painter
• he is known for co-founding the Cubist movement
• his most famous works are Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907), and Guernica (1937)r.
Angela Merkel
• Chancellor of Germany
• Leader of the Christian Democratic Union
• One of the most influent personalities at the time
Franz Kafka
• One of the major novelists of the 20th
century
• His works fuse elements of realism and the fantastic
• His best known works include The Metamorphosis, The Trial and The Castle
Oscar Wilde
• He is one of the most popular playwrights of the early 1890s.
• He wrote a large numbers of novels, letters and plays
• He was imprisoned for being homosexual and died very young
Mozart
• He was a prolific and influential composer of the Classical Era
• He composed more than 600 works
• He is the most popular of the classical composers
• He influenced people like Beethoven and Haydn
Thank you!