Process, Community, Business:
the systems behind Open Design
Massimo Menichinelli
openp2pdesign.orgDesign for Open Systems, Processes, Projects, Places.
The current discussion about Open Design
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/aaltomediafactory/6880196942/in/set-72157629328921858
Co-designing the European Design policies
Open Design: an official recommendationSource: http://europeandesigninnovation.eu/design-as-a-driver-of-european-growth-the-design-leadership-boards-21-recommendations-to-the-european-commission/
Source: http://www.opendesign.org/odd.html
Open Design Definition, from 2000
Source: http://opensource.org/osd-annotated
… from the Open Source Definition
Source: https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition
Open Design: a community for a definition
From the current definition...Source:https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition/blob/master/open.design_definition/open.design.definition.md
From the current definition...Source:https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition/blob/master/open.design_definition/open.design.definition.md
From the current definition...Source:https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition/blob/master/open.design_definition/open.design.definition.md
Open Design: process
Source:: http://www.michaelogawa.com/research/storylines/
Open: a social process
What about the process?
Design of the Design process = Metadesign
What about the design process?
Service Design of the Design process =
Metadesign
What about the open process?
Open Service Design of the Design process =
Open Metadesign
What about the open process?
Open Service Design of the open and p2p Design process = Open P2P Design
Open P2P Design: first sourceSource: http://issuu.com/openp2pdesign/docs/reti-collaborative
Open P2P Design: sources...Source: http://issuu.com/openp2pdesign/docs/openp2pdesign.org_1.1_castellano
Metadesign: a storyboardSource: https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition
Metadesign: a process / participation designSource: https://github.com/OpenDesign-WorkingGroup/Open-Design-Definition
Metadesign: a system map (rev. 1)Source: http://workshop.openp2pdesign.org/02singapore09/
Metadesign: a system map (rev.2)Source: http://workshop.openp2pdesign.org/02singapore09/
Metadesign: a service design toolkitSource: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignToolkit
Metadesign: open source toolkitSource: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignToolkit
Metadesign: a Desktop app for non designersSource: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignApp
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><project> <title>...</title> <version>...</version> <founders> <founder>...</founder> </founders> <license>...</license> <licenseurl>...</licenseurl> <repo>...</repo> <community> <locality>...</locality> <activity>...</activity> <subject>...</subject> <object>...</object> <outcome>...</outcome> <needs>...</needs> <communitytools>...</communitytools> <communityrules>...</communityrules> <communityroles>...</communityroles> <context>...</context> </community> <businessmodel> <valueproposition>...</valueproposition> <customerrelationships>...</customerrelationships> <channels>...</channels> <customersegments>...</customersegments> <revenuestreams>...</revenuestreams>
An XML standard for Metadesign
Basic information
Community analysis
<businessmodel> <valueproposition>...</valueproposition> <customerrelationships>...</customerrelationships> <channels>...</channels> <customersegments>...</customersegments> <revenuestreams>...</revenuestreams> <coststructure>...</coststructure> <keyactivities>...</keyactivities> <keyresources>...</keyresources> <keypartners>...</keypartners> </businessmodel> <step> <stepnumber>...</stepnumber> <steptitle>...</steptitle> <participation>...</participation> <tools>...</tools> <rules>...</rules> <actors> <actor>...</actor> <actor>...</actor> </actors> <flows> <flow> <number>...</number> <type>...</type> <what>...</what> <direction>...</direction> <firstactor>...</firstactor> <secondactor>...</secondactor> </flow>
An XML standard for Metadesign
Business model(from Business Model Canvas)
Step in the design process
<flows> <flow> <number>...</number> <type>...</type> <what>...</what> <direction>...</direction> <firstactor>...</firstactor> <secondactor>...</secondactor> </flow> </flows> </step></project>
An XML standard for Metadesign
Flows in the process
Metadesign: open source appSource: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/OpenMetaDesignApp
Open Design: community
The complexity of the territorySource: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Barcelona_ISS009-E-9987.jpg
A map, for the city (community)Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:PlaCerda1859b.jpg
The map of the Italian makersSource: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mappando-la-comunita-italiana-di-makers-e-fabbing/
The map of the Italian makersSource: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mappando-la-comunita-italiana-di-makers-e-fabbing/
The map of the interactions of Italian makersSource: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mappando-la-comunita-italiana-di-makers-e-fabbing/
Open Design Definition: friendships on GitHubSource: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mining-the-social-interactions-on-github/
Open Design Definition: interactions on GitHubSource: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2013/social-network-analysis/mining-the-social-interactions-on-github/
Open Source software for network analysisSource: https://github.com/openp2pdesign/githubsocialnetworkanalyis
Open Design: business models
“We fnd this previously unmeasured type of household sector innovation to be quite large: 6.2% of UK consumers - 2.9 million individuals - have engaged in consumer product innovation during the prior 3 years. In aggregate, consumers’ annual product development expenditures are 2.3 times larger than the annual consumer product R&D expenditures of all frms in the UK combined. “
Eric A. Von Hippel, Jeroen De Jong, Steven FlowersComparing Business and Household Sector Innovation in Consumer Products: Findings from a Representative Study in the UK
Source: http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1683503
How many Open Designers and innovations?
Non-monetary incentives:
* problem solving
* ethical questions
* education + learning
* reputation --> social interactions + jobs
Business models of Open Source (software)
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gift_economy
A gift economy: focus on networks
Monetary incentives:
* selling software (as open or even with dual licensing)
* offering services (customisation, support, ...)
* paid developer work
* donation
* software as service (freemium, ...)
* embedding software into hardware
Business models of Open Source (software)
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_economy
A market economy: focus on flows
* Services and expertise (customization, consulting)
* Manufacturing of owned or third party Open Hardware
* Manufacturing of proprietary hardware based on Open
Hardware
* Dual-licensing
* Proprietary hardware designs based on Open Hardware
* Proprietary software tools for developing Open Hardware
Business models of Open Source (hardware)Source: http://www.openp2pdesign.org/2011/open-design/business-models-for-open-hardware/
Source: http://investor.3dsystems.com/
Learning from Digital Fabrication
28%
31%
41% 3D Printers
Materials
Services
Source: http://shop.goophone.hk/product-16.html
Shanzai: piracy as learning, Open practice
Source: http://developers.shapeways.com/
API for the Industrial Internet
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Microsoft_Windows
A closed innovation process
Fonte: http://www.flickr.com/photos/massimo_menichinelli/8019726607/in/set-72157631612238923
FabMoney: a digital currency for collaboration
Open Hardware, Software, Design, DataSource: https://github.com/OpenP2PDesignOrg/FABMoney
Source: Alessandro Gadotti
MuSe FabLab, Trento (Italy)
