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I.BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYNight vision is the ability to see in a dark environment. Whether bybiological or technological means, night vision is made possible bya combination of two approaches: sufficient spectral range, andsufficient intensity range. Humans have poor night vision comparedto many animals, in part because the human eye lacks a tapetumlucidum
In biological night vision, molecules ofrhodopsin in the rods of theeye undergo a change in shape as light is absorbed by them.Rhodopsin is the chemical that allows night-vision, and is
extremely sensitive to light. Exposed to white light, the pigmentimmediately bleaches, and it takes about 30 minutes to regeneratefully, but most of the adaptation occurs within the first five or tenminutes in the dark. Rhodopsin in the human rods is insensitive tothe longer red wavelengths of light, so many people use red lightto preserve night vision as it will not deplete the eyes rhodopsinstores in the rods and instead is viewed by the cones.
Many animals have a tissue layer called the tapetum lucidum in theback of the eye that reflects light back through the retina,
increasing the amount of light available for it to capture. This isfound in many nocturnal animals and some deep sea animals, andis the cause ofeyeshine. Humans do not have a tapetum lucidumand, moreover, only 10% of the light that enters the human eyefalls on photosensitive parts of the retina.[citation needed] An animalsability to see in low light levels may be similar to what humans seewhen using first or perhaps second generation imageintensifiers[citation needed].
Large size of the eye, and large size of the pupil relative to the eye,
also contribute to night vision.
II. Problem of the StudyThis study was conducted to answer the problem:What factors affect the night visibility of a human being?
III. Hypothesis of the Study
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation_(eye)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodopsinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation_(eye)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation_(eye)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptation_(eye)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavelengthshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rod_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cone_cellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nocturnalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_intensifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapetum_lucidum -
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5. Record how many he/she got right and wrong. This will bedone to each of the volunteer and it must be done afteranother.
VII. SUMMARY OF RESULTS
The volunteers can adapt more easily to the darker situation. Ittakes about 15-30 minutes for most of them.
Based on the result of experiment conducted, I therefore concludethat younger people have better visibility in the dark even if theireyes were covered for a long period of time.
Covering the eye of an older person for a long period of timereduces their visibility in the dark because they hAve lessadaptability to the situation.
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RESULTSName of test subject age Total correct picks
Camille Amparo Torrento 3 yrs old 32
Emilio Tayhopon III 3 yrs old 32
Charles Eugene Torrento 5 yrs old 31
Raymund Cajilig 16 yrs old 33
Mary Bernadette Torrento 22 yrs old 32
Joeremie Torrento 27 yrs old 32
Mario Warlito Torrento 37 yrs old 31
Raymond Tabobo 45 yrs old 29
Bernadette Torrento 63 yrs old 22
Warlito Torrento 64 yrs old 24
Chart
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Name:
Camille Amparo Torrento
Age:
3 yrs. old
RESULTS
Time
the eye
was
covered
cu
p
deodora
nt
alcoh
ol
whiteboa
rd
marker
spoo
n
f
or
k
sciss
ors
P5.0
0
coin
sauc
er
g
las
s
Total
corre
ct
picksUncove
red
X X X X X 5
15 min X X X 7
30 min 10
45 min 10
CHART
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Name:
Charles Eugene Torrento
Age:
5 yrs. oldRESULT
Time the
eye was
covered
cu
p
deodora
nt
alcoh
ol
whiteboar
d marker
spoo
n
f
ork
scisso
rs
P5.0
0
coin
sauc
er
g
las
s
Total
corre
ct
picksUncove
red
X X X X X 5
15 min X X X 7
30 min X 9
45 min 10
CHART
Name:
Emilio Tayhopon III
Age:
3 yrs. oldRESULTS
Time the
eye was
covered
cu
p
deodora
nt
alcoh
ol
whiteboar
d marker
spoo
n
f
ork
scisso
rs
P5.0
0
coin
sauc
er
g
lass
Total
corre
ct
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picks
Uncove
red
X X X X X 5
15 min X X 8
30 min X 9
45 min 10
CHART
Name:
Joeremie Torrento
Age:
27 yrs. oldRESULTS
Ti
me
the
ey
e
wa
s
co
ver
ed
c
u
p
de
od
or
an
t
al
c
o
h
ol
w
hit
ebo
ard
ma
rke
r
s
p
o
o
n
f
o
r
k
s
ci
s
s
o
rs
P
5
.
0
0
c
o
i
n
s
a
u
c
e
r
g
l
a
s
s
T
o
t
al
c
o
rr
e
c
t
p
ic
k
s
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Uncove
red
X
X
X X X X 6
15 min X X 8
30 min X 9
45 min X 9
CHART
Name:
Bernadette Torrento
Age:
63 yrs. old
RESULTS
Time
the eye
wascovered
cu
p
deodora
nt
alcoh
ol
whiteboa
rd
marker
spoo
n
f
or
k
sciss
ors
P5.0
0
coin
sauc
er
g
las
s
Total
corre
ctpicks
Uncove
red
X
X X X X X X 3
15 min X X X X 6
30 min X X X X 6
45 min X X X 7
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CHART
Name:
Warlito Torrento
Age:
64 yrs. old
RESULTS
Time
the eye
was
covered
cu
p
deodor
ant
alcoh
ol
whiteboa
rd
marker
spoo
n
f
or
k
sciss
ors
P
5.0
0
coin
sauc
er
g
las
s
Total
corre
ct
picksUncove
red
X
X
X X X X X 3
15 min X X X 7
30 min X X X X 6
45 min X X 8
CHART
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Name:
Mary Bernadette Torrento
Age:
22 yrs. old
RESULTS
Timethe eye
was
covered
cup deodorant alcohol whiteboard
marker
spoon for
k
scissors P5.0
0
coin
saucer glas
s
Totalcorre
ct
picksUncove
red
X X X X 6
15 min X X 8
30 min X 9
45 min X 9
CHART
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Name:
Raymund Cajilig
Age:
16 yrs. old
RESULTS
Time
the eye
was
covered
cu
p
deodor
ant
alcoh
ol
whiteboa
rd
marker
spoo
n
f
or
k
sciss
ors
P
5.0
0
coin
sauc
er
g
las
s
Total
corre
ct
picksUncove
red
X X X 7
15 min X X 8
30 min X 9
45 min X 9
CHART
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Name:
Mario Warlito Torrento
Age:
37 yrs. old
RESULTS
Time
the eye
wascovered
cu
p
deodor
ant
alcoh
ol
whiteboa
rd
marker
spoo
n
f
or
k
sciss
ors
P
5.0
0coin
sauc
er
g
las
s
Total
corre
ctpicksUncove
red
X X X X 6
15 min X X 8
30 min X 9
45 min X X 8
CHART
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Name:
Raymond Tabobo
Age:
45 yrs old
RESULTS
Time
the eyewas
covered
cu
p
deodor
ant
alcoh
ol
whiteboa
rdmarker
spoo
n
f
ork
sciss
ors
P
5.00
coin
sauc
er
g
lass
Total
correct
picksUncove
red
X X X X X 5
15 min X X X 7
30 min X 9
45 min X X 8
CHART