Quality Control
Concept Plan Report for Amb - GagretPlanning Area
Submitted to
Town and Country Planning Department
Government of Himachal Pradesh
Document No. : 1433 / HPDP-AGPA / D3 / R0
Date : June, 2017
Document Prepared by : Saurabh Dangra, Sudheer Sutar, Supraja
Anumakonda
Document Reviewed by : Meenakshi Tyagi
Document Approved by : Subha Brata Roy
Revision : 0
No. of Copies Circulated : 3
AMB-GAGRET ii
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
CONTENTS CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................ i
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................... viii
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ....................................................................................................................... xv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ xviii
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 1
6.1 Project Background ................................................................................................................. 1
6.2 Report Structure ..................................................................................................................... 1
2. PLANNING AREA PROFILE .................................................................................................................. 1
2.1 Location of Study Area ............................................................................................................ 1
2.2 Planning Area .......................................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Administrative Set up .............................................................................................................. 4
2.4 Geographical setting ............................................................................................................... 5
2.4.1 Geology ........................................................................................................................... 5
2.4.2 Physiography ................................................................................................................... 5
2.4.3 Soil character .................................................................................................................. 9
2.4.4 Climate ............................................................................................................................ 9
2.4.5 Rainfall ............................................................................................................................ 9
2.5 Historical evolution ............................................................................................................... 10
2.6 Regional Linkages and Connectivity ...................................................................................... 12
2.6.1 By Air ............................................................................................................................. 13
2.6.2 By Rail ............................................................................................................................ 13
2.6.3 By Road ......................................................................................................................... 14
2.7 Resources .............................................................................................................................. 14
2.7.1 Mineral Resources ........................................................................................................ 14
2.7.2 Forest Resources ........................................................................................................... 14
2.7.3 Flora and Fauna ............................................................................................................. 14
2.7.4 Water resources ............................................................................................................ 15
2.8 Key Takeaways ...................................................................................................................... 15
3. DEMOGRAPHY & SETTLEMENT PATTERN ........................................................................................ 16
3.1 Demography & Settlement Pattern ...................................................................................... 16
3.2 Population ............................................................................................................................. 16
3.2.1 District profile ............................................................................................................... 16
3.2.2 Population growth ........................................................................................................ 16
3.2.3 Population distribution ................................................................................................. 17
3.2.4 Household Size .............................................................................................................. 20
3.2.5 Sex ratio ........................................................................................................................ 20
3.2.6 Literacy Rate.................................................................................................................. 21
3.2.7 Population Density ........................................................................................................ 22
3.3 Occupational Structure ......................................................................................................... 23
3.3.1 Work Participation Rate ................................................................................................ 23
3.3.2 Main and Marginal workers .......................................................................................... 24
3.3.3 Gender wise workforce Distribution ............................................................................. 26
3.3.4 Sector Distribution ........................................................................................................ 26
3.4 Population Projection ............................................................................................................ 27
3.5 Existing Settlement Pattern .................................................................................................. 28
3.5.1 Urban Settlement .......................................................................................................... 28
3.5.2 Rural Settlements .......................................................................................................... 29
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3.5.3 Existing Settlement Pattern .......................................................................................... 30
3.5.4 Proposed Settlement Hierarchy and Facilities for 2036 ............................................... 32
4. ECONOMY ........................................................................................................................................ 36
4.1 Regional Economy ................................................................................................................. 36
4.1.1 Gross State Domestic Product and Net State Domestic Product ................................. 36
4.1.2 Gross District Domestic Product and Net District Domestic Product ........................... 37
4.1.3 Per Capita Income ......................................................................................................... 38
4.2 Sector wise analysis .............................................................................................................. 39
4.2.1 Primary Sector ............................................................................................................... 39
4.2.2 Secondary Sector .......................................................................................................... 40
4.2.3 Tertiary Sector ............................................................................................................... 44
4.3 Employment Generation ....................................................................................................... 44
4.4 Proposed Work Area ............................................................................................................. 45
4.4.1 Hospitality and Wayside Amenities .............................................................................. 46
4.4.2 Mandi/ Wholesale Complex .......................................................................................... 46
4.4.3 Retail ............................................................................................................................. 46
4.4.4 Informal sector .............................................................................................................. 47
5. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION ..................................................................................................... 49
5.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 49
5.2 Road Network ....................................................................................................................... 50
5.2.1 Primary Road Network .................................................................................................. 50
5.2.2 Secondary Road Network.............................................................................................. 50
5.2.3 Tertiary Road Network .................................................................................................. 50
5.3 Road Inventory ...................................................................................................................... 50
5.4 Vehicular Growth .................................................................................................................. 52
5.5 Pedestrian Pathways ............................................................................................................. 54
5.6 Public Transport and Routes ................................................................................................. 54
5.6.1 Roadways ...................................................................................................................... 54
5.5.1 Railways ........................................................................................................................ 55
5.7 Traffic Intensity ..................................................................................................................... 56
5.5.2 Classified Traffic Volume Counts................................................................................... 56
5.5.3 Average Daily Traffic ..................................................................................................... 57
5.5.4 Annual Average Daily Traffic ......................................................................................... 61
5.8 Travel Pattern........................................................................................................................ 62
5.8.1 Zoning System ............................................................................................................... 62
5.8.2 Expansion Factors and Development of O – D Matrices .............................................. 63
5.8.3 Travel pattern................................................................................................................ 63
5.8.4 Analysis of O-D Survey .................................................................................................. 66
5.8.5 Trip Purpose .................................................................................................................. 83
5.8.6 Commodity Groups and Analysis .................................................................................. 83
5.8.7 Occupancy of Passenger Vehicles ................................................................................. 84
5.8.8 Average Trip Length for Passenger Vehicles ................................................................. 85
5.8.9 Average Trip Length for Good Vehicles ........................................................................ 85
5.9 Traffic Growth Rates ............................................................................................................. 85
5.9.1 Project Influence Area ................................................................................................... 85
5.9.2 Projected Traffic Growth Rates ..................................................................................... 85
5.9.3 Final Adopted Growth Rates for Design........................................................................ 86
5.10 Traffic Forecast...................................................................................................................... 87
5.10.1 Traffic on Project Road .................................................................................................. 87
5.11 Conclusions & Recommendations ........................................................................................ 87
6. HOUSING ........................................................................................................................................ 112
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6.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 112
6.2 Household and dwelling size ............................................................................................... 112
6.3 Housing Typology ................................................................................................................ 112
6.4 Age of Structure .................................................................................................................. 113
6.5 Condition of housing ........................................................................................................... 113
6.6 Structural use ...................................................................................................................... 115
6.7 Type of structures ............................................................................................................... 116
6.8 Building material used for construction ............................................................................. 116
6.9 Ownership status ................................................................................................................ 118
6.10 Housing Infrastructure ........................................................................................................ 120
6.10.1 Education .................................................................................................................... 120
6.10.2 Health .......................................................................................................................... 120
6.10.3 Commercial ................................................................................................................. 120
6.10.4 Parks and Playgrounds ................................................................................................ 120
6.10.5 Other Facilities ............................................................................................................ 120
6.11 Housing Need ...................................................................................................................... 121
6.12 Mandate of Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (HUPA) ........................... 121
6.13 Housing Strategy ................................................................................................................. 122
6.14 Housing Policy ..................................................................................................................... 123
6.14.1 State Government Schemes........................................................................................ 123
6.14.2 Private sector participation ......................................................................................... 124
6.15 Proposal for Slum ................................................................................................................ 125
6.15.1 Concept of City without slums .................................................................................... 125
6.15.2 Strategies for City Slums ............................................................................................. 125
6.15.3 National Slum Development Programmer .................................................................. 125
7. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE .......................................................................................................... 127
7.1 Water Supply ....................................................................................................................... 127
7.1.1 General ........................................................................................................................ 127
7.1.2 Project Users ............................................................................................................... 127
7.1.3 Existing Scenario ......................................................................................................... 128
7.1.4 Water Supply through Hand Pumps ........................................................................... 128
7.1.5 Piped Water Supply Schemes ..................................................................................... 129
7.1.6 Status of Ground Water .............................................................................................. 129
7.1.7 Demand & Gap Estimation .......................................................................................... 129
7.1.8 Water Sources and Treatment: ................................................................................... 131
7.1.9 Water Storage and Distribution .................................................................................. 131
7.1.10 Fire stations and other fire-fighting facilities .............................................................. 132
7.1.11 Operation and Maintenance System .......................................................................... 132
7.1.12 Water Connections and Tariff ..................................................................................... 132
7.1.13 Development Strategies & Recommendation ............................................................ 133
7.2 Storm Water Drainage Network ......................................................................................... 134
7.2.1 Existing Storm Water Drainage System ...................................................................... 134
7.2.2 Storm Water Drainage Proposal ................................................................................. 134
7.2.3 Flood Management ..................................................................................................... 139
7.2.4 Rainwater Harvesting .................................................................................................. 140
7.2.5 Development Strategies & Recommendation ............................................................ 140
7.3 Sewerage System ................................................................................................................ 141
7.3.1 Existing Sewerage System ........................................................................................... 142
7.3.2 Proposal for Development .......................................................................................... 143
7.3.3 Sewerage Demand & Gap Estimation ......................................................................... 143
7.3.4 Sewage Treatment and Disposal ................................................................................. 143
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7.3.5 On-site Sewage & Treatment System ......................................................................... 144
7.3.6 Development Strategies & Recommendation ............................................................ 144
7.4 Solid Waste Management ................................................................................................... 145
7.4.1 Existing Waste Management in Planning Area ........................................................... 146
7.4.2 Projected SWM Generation and gap assessment ....................................................... 146
7.4.3 Framework for Solid Waste Disposal .......................................................................... 147
7.4.4 Way forward for Solid Waste Management (2016-2035) .......................................... 147
7.5 Power .................................................................................................................................. 148
7.5.1 Power connection ....................................................................................................... 148
7.5.2 Power supply Mechanism in the Planning Area ......................................................... 149
7.5.3 Outages and T&D Losses ............................................................................................. 150
7.5.4 Demand Assessment ................................................................................................... 150
8. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE .............................................................................................................. 151
8.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 151
8.2 Educational Facilities ........................................................................................................... 151
8.3 Medical Facilities ................................................................................................................. 153
8.4 Public & Semi-public Facilities ............................................................................................ 155
8.4.1 Police Station .............................................................................................................. 155
8.4.2 Fire Station .................................................................................................................. 156
8.4.3 Disaster Management Centre ..................................................................................... 156
8.4.4 Banking Facility ........................................................................................................... 157
8.4.5 Commercial Facility ..................................................................................................... 157
8.4.6 Post office ................................................................................................................... 159
8.4.7 Telecommunication .................................................................................................... 160
8.4.8 Community Centre ...................................................................................................... 160
8.4.9 Recreational facility..................................................................................................... 161
9. ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................................................. 162
9.1 Forest Cover ........................................................................................................................ 162
9.2 Conservation of forest cover .............................................................................................. 163
9.3 Water bodies ....................................................................................................................... 163
9.3.1 Surface Water ............................................................................................................. 163
9.3.2 Conservation of Water-bodies .................................................................................... 164
9.3.3 Water Quality .............................................................................................................. 165
9.3.4 Air Quality Assessment ............................................................................................... 165
9.4 Disaster Vulnerability Profile & Mitigation Measures ........................................................ 166
9.4.1 Fire Accidents .............................................................................................................. 167
9.4.2 Drought ....................................................................................................................... 168
9.4.3 Floods .......................................................................................................................... 168
9.4.4 Road Accidents ............................................................................................................ 170
9.4.5 Earthquake .................................................................................................................. 171
9.4.6 Chemical Hazard ......................................................................................................... 173
10. HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION .................................................................................................... 174
10.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 174
10.2 Heritage in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ............................................................................... 174
10.2.1 Natural Heritage .......................................................................................................... 174
10.3 10.3 Conservation of Heritage ............................................................................................ 177
10.3.1 Man-Made Heritage .................................................................................................... 177
10.3.2 Natural Heritage .......................................................................................................... 177
10.4 Tourism Prospect ................................................................................................................ 177
11. SWOT ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................. 178
12. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ....................................................................................................... 180
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12.1 Organisational Structure ..................................................................................................... 180
12.2 Interdepartmental Co-ordination: ...................................................................................... 182
12.3 Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977. ................................................. 184
12.4 Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014: ............................................. 184
12.5 Industrial Policy, 2004 ......................................................................................................... 184
12.6 Implementation arrangements: .......................................................................................... 185
13. VISION AND CONCEPT ................................................................................................................... 186
13.1 The Vision ............................................................................................................................ 186
13.2 Strategies and Development Policy .................................................................................... 186
13.3 Development Limitations .................................................................................................... 188
13.4 Concept ............................................................................................................................... 189
14. LAND USE ....................................................................................................................................... 192
14.1 Land use Classification ........................................................................................................ 192
14.2 Existing Land Use Distribution ............................................................................................ 193
14.3 Proposed Land Use & Activity Structure ............................................................................. 194
14.4 Comparison of Existing and Proposed Land Use ................................................................. 195
14.4.1 Residential Use ............................................................................................................ 197
14.4.2 Commercial& Retail .................................................................................................... 197
14.4.3 Industry: ...................................................................................................................... 198
14.4.4 Public & semi public .................................................................................................... 198
14.4.5 Recreational activity.................................................................................................... 198
14.4.6 Open space/ buffer zone ............................................................................................ 199
14.4.7 Roads and Transportation ........................................................................................... 199
15. BEST PRACTICES OF TOWN PLANNING .......................................................................................... 200
15.1 Land Pooling ........................................................................................................................ 200
15.2 Land Pooling Practice across the World.............................................................................. 201
15.2.1 Delhi ............................................................................................................................ 201
15.2.2 Andhra Pradesh ........................................................................................................... 201
15.2.3 Gujarat & Maharashtra ............................................................................................... 201
15.2.4 Kathmandu, Nepal ...................................................................................................... 202
15.2.5 Thimphu, Bhutan......................................................................................................... 203
15.3 Thimphu Structure Plan (TSP) ............................................................................................. 205
15.4 Case Study: Lungtenphu, Bhutan ........................................................................................ 205
16. GENERAL DEVELOPMENT REGULATION, BUILDING BYE-LAWS AND PROCEDURE OF PLAN
SANCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 207
16.1 Objective of the regulation ................................................................................................. 207
16.2 Jurisdiction of Regulations .................................................................................................. 207
16.2.1 Applicability of Regulations ......................................................................................... 207
16.3 New Development and re-development ............................................................................ 207
16.4 Existing approved building .................................................................................................. 208
16.5 Development Permission .................................................................................................... 208
16.6 Building Permission ............................................................................................................. 208
16.7 Pre-Code building permission ............................................................................................. 208
16.8 Procedure for obtaining Permission ................................................................................... 208
16.8.1 Application .................................................................................................................. 208
16.8.2 Documents Required .................................................................................................. 208
16.9 General Regulations ............................................................................................................ 209
17. ANNEXURE ..................................................................................................................................... 220
17.1 Co-ordinate points for Amb-Gagret Planning Area ............................................................. 220
17.2 Land Use Survey Format ..................................................................................................... 221
17.3 List of Water Supply Schemes ............................................................................................. 223
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17.4 Functional Index .................................................................................................................. 232
17.5 List of Functions mentioned in 12th Schedule (74th Amendment) .................................... 243
18. BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................................... 244
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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1: Location and Connectivity of Amb-Gagret ........................................................................... 1
Figure 2-2: Location of Amb-Gagret Planning Area ................................................................................ 1
Figure 2-3: GPS reference point for Planning Area (Refer table2-1) ...................................................... 2
Figure 2-4: Administrative Set up In Amb-Gagret Planning Area ........................................................... 4
Figure 2-5: Geology of the Study Area .................................................................................................... 6
Figure 2-6: The Watershed Area of Swan River ...................................................................................... 6
Figure 2-7: Elevation of Planning Area .................................................................................................... 7
Figure 2-8: Slope in the Planning Area .................................................................................................... 8
Figure 2-9: Annual Climate – Una District ............................................................................................... 9
Figure 2-10: Annual Rainfall – Una District ........................................................................................... 10
Figure 2-11: Spatial growth direction of planning area ........................................................................ 11
Figure 2-12: Year 1990, 2000 and 2017 Settlements Sprawl within planning area .............................. 12
Figure 2-13: Regional Linkage ............................................................................................................... 13
Figure 3-1: Growth Rate ........................................................................................................................ 17
Figure 3-2: Population Distribution in the Planning Area ..................................................................... 19
Figure 3-3: Sex Ratio ............................................................................................................................. 21
Figure 3-4: Literacy Rate ....................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 3-5: Literacy rate in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ........................................................................ 22
Figure 3-6: Population Density Distribution ......................................................................................... 23
Figure 3-7: Work Participation Rate...................................................................................................... 24
Figure 3-8: Distribution of Main and Marginal workers ....................................................................... 25
Figure 3-9: Distribution of Main workers .............................................................................................. 26
Figure 3-10: Distribution of workers sector wise and Gender wise ..................................................... 27
Figure 3-11: Population Project for Amb-Gagret Planning Area .......................................................... 28
Figure 6-3-12: Distribution of Rural Settlements by Size of Population, 2001 ..................................... 29
Figure 6-3-13:Distribution of Rural Settlements by Size of Population, 2011 ...................................... 29
Figure 6-3-14 Functional Hierarchy of Settlements .............................................................................. 31
Figure 3-15: Proposed Settlement Hierarchy and Proposed Facilities in Amb Gagret Planning Area –
2036 ...................................................................................................................................................... 34
Figure 3-16: Proposed Settlement Pattern ........................................................................................... 35
Figure 4-1: GSDP and NSDP distribution of Himachal Pradesh ............................................................. 36
Figure 4-2: GDDP and NDDP distribution of Una District ..................................................................... 37
Figure 4-3: Per Capita Income of Kangra and Himachal Pradesh ......................................................... 38
Figure 4-4: Area under cultivation in Planning area ............................................................................. 39
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Figure 4-5: Number of Units in the Planning Area ................................................................................ 41
Figure 4-6: Investment in different Industrial Units ............................................................................. 42
Figure 4-7: Number of Workers ............................................................................................................ 43
Figure 4-8: GDDP Distribution in Tertiary Sector for Una District ........................................................ 44
Figure 5-1: Existing Road Network in Amb-Gagret Planning area ........................................................ 49
Figure 5-2: Annual Vehicle Registration in Amb-Gagret ....................................................................... 53
Figure 5-3: Average Annual Vehicle Registration ................................................................................. 53
Figure 5-4: Public transport routes – Amb- Gagret Planning Area ....................................................... 55
Figure 5-5: Daily Variation of Traffic at Survey Point I .......................................................................... 58
Figure 5-6: Daily Variation of Traffic at Survey Point II ........................................................................ 59
Figure 5-7: Hourly Variation of Traffic at Survey Point I ....................................................................... 59
Figure 5-8: Hourly Variation of Traffic at Survey Point II ...................................................................... 60
Figure 5-9: Traffic Composition at Survey Point I ................................................................................. 61
Figure 5-10: Traffic Compositions at Survey Point II ............................................................................ 61
Figure 5-11: Total Distribution of Zones(in %) ...................................................................................... 63
Figure 5-12 : Trip Distribution of Major Influence Zones(in %) ............................................................ 64
Figure 5-13: Zone Map .......................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 5-14: Desire Line Diagram in Car at Survey Point -I .................................................................. 67
Figure 5-15: Desire Line Diagram in Taxi at Survey Point -I ................................................................. 68
Figure 5-16: Desire Line Diagram in Mini Bus at Survey Point -I .......................................................... 69
Figure 5-17: Desire Line Diagram in Standard Bus at Survey Point -I ................................................... 70
Figure 5-18: Desire Line Diagram in LCV at Survey Point -I .................................................................. 71
Figure 5-19: Desire Line Diagram in Truck at Survey Point -I ................................................................ 72
Figure 5-20: Desire Line Diagram in Total Passenger at Survey Point -I ............................................... 73
Figure 5-21: Desire Line Diagram in Total Goods at Survey Point -I ..................................................... 74
Figure 5-22: Desire Line Diagram in Car at Survey Point -II .................................................................. 75
Figure 5-23: Desire Line Diagram in Taxi at Survey Point -II ................................................................ 76
Figure 5-24: Desire Line Diagram in Mini Bus at Survey Point -II ......................................................... 77
Figure 5-25: Desire Line Diagram in Standard Bus at Survey Point -II .................................................. 78
Figure 5-26: Desire Line Diagram in LCV at Survey Point -II ................................................................. 79
Figure 5-27: Desire Line Diagram in Truck at Survey Point -II ............................................................... 80
Figure 5-28: Desire Line Diagram in Total Passenger at Survey Point -II .............................................. 81
Figure 5-29: Desire Line Diagram in Total Goods at Survey Point -II .................................................... 82
Figure 5-30: TCS Type 1 ......................................................................................................................... 90
Figure 5-31: TCS Type 2 ......................................................................................................................... 91
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Figure 5-32: TCS Type 3 ......................................................................................................................... 92
Figure 5-33: TCS Type 4 ......................................................................................................................... 93
Figure 5-34: TCS Type 5 ......................................................................................................................... 94
Figure 6-1: Household size and dwelling rooms in revenue villages of Amb-Gagret Planning Area .. 112
Figure 6-2:Fig: Age of the structure in Amb gagaret planning area.................................................... 113
Figure 6-3: Urban-Rural distribution of houses based on condition. ................................................. 114
Figure 6-4: Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 ............................................. 114
Figure 6-5: Condition of houses in Amb-Gagret Planning Area .......................................................... 114
Figure 6-6: Location of villages showing mixed use of structures and major commercial establishments
............................................................................................................................................................ 115
Figure 6-7: Type of Structures in urban and rural areas in Planning area .......................................... 116
Figure 6-8: Material used for constructing roof, wall and floor in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ......... 117
Figure 6-9: Type of structures in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ............................................................. 118
Figure 6-10: Ownership status of households in Planning Area ......................................................... 119
Figure 6-11: Ownership status of Households for Urban & Rural area .............................................. 119
Figure 6-12: Ownership status of households in Amb-Gagret Planning Area .................................... 119
Figure 6-13: Relationship of Government and Private sector vis – a-vis- Components of housing ... 124
Figure 7-1: Sources of Water Supply in the Planning Area ................................................................. 128
Figure 7-2: Intensity-Duration Curve for Once in 5 years Storm frequency ....................................... 134
Figure 7-3: Proposed Drainage Catchment Map ................................................................................ 135
Figure 7-4: Sketch of Typical Stormwater Drain Inlet ......................................................................... 139
Figure 7-5: River and Drainage Map of Planning Area ........................................................................ 140
Figure 7-6: Sewerage Network within Gagret Nagar Panchayat Area ................................................ 142
Figure 7-7: Schematic Map of Electricity Generation, Transmission and Distribution ....................... 149
Figure 8-1:Ownership of School facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ........................................... 151
Figure 8-2: Number of Government/ Private School Facility in Amb-Gagret Planning Area .............. 151
Figure 8-3: Educational & Healthcare Facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area .................................. 152
Figure 8-4: Public & Semi-Public facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ........................................... 159
Figure 9-1: Forest Cover in Planning Area .......................................................................................... 162
Figure 9-2: River and Drainage Map of Planning Area ........................................................................ 163
Figure 9-3: Flood map of Planning Area.............................................................................................. 164
Figure 9-4 Monthly mean concentration of SO2, NO2 & RSPM at Una during 2013-15 ..................... 166
Figure 9-5 Flash Flood vulnerability map of Amb-Gagret Planning Area ............................................ 170
Figure 9-6 Earthquake Hazard Vulnerability map of Himachal Pradesh ............................................. 171
Figure 9-7: Earthquake Hazard Vulnerability Zone Map of Planning Area ......................................... 172
Figure 10-1: Tourist Places in and around Amb-Gagret Planning Area .............................................. 175
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Figure 10-2: Shiv Bari Temple in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ............................................................. 176
Figure 12-1: Organogram - Department of Town and Country Planning, Himachal Pradesh ............ 181
Figure 12-2: Institutions involved for Preparation of Development Plan ........................................... 183
Figure 13-1:Evolution of Planning Area .............................................................................................. 189
Figure 13-2: Concept Plan of Planning area ........................................................................................ 190
Figure 14-1: Land Use of Amb Gagret Planning Area ......................................................................... 194
Figure 14-2: Proposed Land Use Map of Amb Gagret Planning Area, 2036 ....................................... 195
Figure 15-1: Land Pooling process in Kathmandu, Nepal ................................................................... 202
Figure 15-2: Lungtenphu in 2003 ........................................................................................................ 206
Figure 15-3: Lungtenphu in 2013 ........................................................................................................ 206
Figure 16-1: Land Use Survey Map ..................................................................................................... 223
LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Planning and Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh .................................................................. 1
Table 2-1: Co-ordinates of Amb-Gagret Planning Area .......................................................................... 2
Table 2-2: Planning Area Profile.............................................................................................................. 3
Table 2-3: Forest Cover in Una District (2013) ...................................................................................... 14
Table 3-1: Population Distribution of Amb Gagret Planning Area ........................................................ 16
Table 3-2: Population Distribution of Amb-Gagret Planning Area ....................................................... 17
Table 3-3: Village wise Population in planning area ............................................................................. 17
Table 3-4: Population Projection of Amb Gagret Planning Area .......................................................... 28
Table 3-5: Urban Settlement Pattern in Una District ............................................................................ 28
Table 3-6: Distribution of Rural Settlements by Size of Population, 2011 ........................................... 29
Table 3-7: Existing Settlement Pattern ................................................................................................. 32
Table 4-1: GDDP and NDDP of Different Districts in Himachal Pradesh ............................................... 37
Table 4-2: Industrial Profile of Una District (2011-12) .......................................................................... 41
Table 4-3: Occupational Classification of Amb Gagret Planning area .................................................. 44
Table 4-4: Proposed Occupational Classification of Amb Gagret Planning area .................................. 45
Table 4-5: Activities allowed in 3 tier system of commercial areas ...................................................... 46
Table 5-1: Road length – As per hierarchy ............................................................................................ 50
Table 5-2: Road length in each revenue village .................................................................................... 51
Table 5-3: PWD Road Length ................................................................................................................ 52
Table 5-4: Annual Vehicular Growth ..................................................................................................... 53
Table 5-5: Vehicle Classification System ............................................................................................... 56
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Table 5-6: Vehicle Classification and PCU Factors Used in the Study ................................................... 56
Table 5-7: Average Daily Traffic (of 12 Hours) at Count Locations (veh) .............................................. 57
Table 5-8: Daily Variation of Traffic (PCUs) at Each Count Station ....................................................... 58
Table 5-9: Peak Hour Details ................................................................................................................. 60
Table 5-10: Annual Average Daily Traffic (of 12 Hours) at Count Locations (VEH) ............................... 62
Table 5-11: Distribution of Trips ........................................................................................................... 66
Table 5-12: Trip purposes of passenger vehicles (%age) ...................................................................... 83
Table 5-13: Classification of commodities ............................................................................................ 83
Table 5-14: Commodity movement Pattern (In %) ............................................................................... 84
Table 5-15: Average Occupancy in Study Area ..................................................................................... 84
Table 5-16: Average Trip Length of Passenger Vehicles on Project Road (in KM) ................................ 85
Table 5-17: Average Trip Length on Project Road (in KM) .................................................................... 85
Table 5-18: Final Traffic Growth rates (%) ............................................................................................ 86
Table 5-19: Projected Normal/Total Traffic AADT (PCU) ...................................................................... 87
Table 6-1 Comparison of Census Houses with Population .................................................................. 113
Table 6-2: Housing Forecast ................................................................................................................ 121
Table 6-3: Year wise Housing Need .................................................................................................... 121
Table 7-1: Water Demand for Domestic Uses .................................................................................... 129
Table 7-2: Non-Domestic Water Demand ........................................................................................... 130
Table 7-3: Service Provider Water Demand ........................................................................................ 130
Table 7-4: Fire Fighting Water Demand .............................................................................................. 130
Table 7-5: Total Water Demand and Gap ........................................................................................... 130
Table 7-6: Total Water Demand and Gap ........................................................................................... 131
Table 7-7: Zone-wise Water Demand and Service Reservoirs ............................................................ 131
Table 7-8: Runoff in each Catchments ................................................................................................ 135
Table 7-9: Sewerage Generation and Gap .......................................................................................... 143
Table 7-10 Proposed scheme for Sewage Treatment ......................................................................... 144
Table 7-11: Solid Waste Generation and Gap ..................................................................................... 146
Table 7-12: Number of Connections ................................................................................................... 148
Table 8-1: URDPFI norms Guideline for educational Facilities ........................................................... 152
Table 8-2: Present (2017) and Future (2036) requirement for Education .......................................... 153
Table 8-3: URDPFI norms for healthcare facilities .............................................................................. 154
Table 8-4: Present (2017) and future (2036) requirement for Health facilities ................................. 155
Table 8-5: URDPFI norms for Police station services .......................................................................... 155
Table 8-6: Present and Future requirement for Police station services ............................................. 156
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Table 8-7: URDPFI norms for Fire station services .............................................................................. 156
Table 8-8: Present and Future requirement for Police station services ............................................. 156
Table 8-9: URDPFI norms for Disaster Management centre............................................................... 156
Table 8-10: Present and Future requirement for Disaster Management centre ............................... 157
Table 8-11: URDPFI norms for Disaster Management centre............................................................. 157
Table 8-12: Present and Future requirement for Disaster Management centre ............................... 157
Table 8-13: URDPFI norms for Local Convenience shopping .............................................................. 158
Table 8-14: Present and Future Requirement for Local Convenience shopping ................................ 158
Table 8-15: URDPFI norms for Post office services ............................................................................. 159
Table 8-16: Present and Future Requirement for post office ............................................................. 160
Table 8-17: URDPFI norms for Community welfare centre ................................................................ 160
Table 8-18: Present and Future Requirement for post office ............................................................. 160
Table 8-19 URDPFI norms for Recreational Facilities ......................................................................... 161
Table 8-20: Present requirement for Recreational facilities ............................................................... 161
Table 9-1 Mean and Standard Deviation for Water Quality Assessment of Swan river in Amb-Gagret
Planning Area during April, 2013- March, 2015 .................................................................................. 165
Table 9-2 Comparison of SO2, NO2 and RSM concentration with CPCB Ambient Air Quality Standards
............................................................................................................................................................ 165
Table 9-3 Historical Fire Hazard Events in Amb-Gagret Planning Area .............................................. 167
Table 9-4 Chemical Hazard Events in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ...................................................... 173
Table 12-1: Organisational setup - Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh ..... 180
Table 12-2: Project implementation arrangement ............................................................................. 185
Table 14-1: Land use classification...................................................................................................... 192
Table 14-2: Existing Land Use Distribution ......................................................................................... 193
Table 14-3: Comparison between Existing and Proposed Land Use ................................................... 196
Table 14-4: Proposed Infrastructure Facilities Details ........................................................................ 198
Table 15-1: Land contribution (in Percentage) ................................................................................... 203
Table 16-1: Permissible Area Standard/Norms for different parts of a Building ................................ 212
Table 16-2: Clearances from Electric Supply Lines ............................................................................. 213
Table 16-3 Residential Building Regulations shall be applicable in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ........ 213
Table 16-4: Commercial building Regulations shall be applicable in Amb-Gagret Planning Area ...... 215
Table 16-5: Industrial Regulations shall be applicable in Am-Gagret Planning Area .......................... 218
Table 17-1: PWS Water Supply Schemes ............................................................................................ 223
Table 17-2: Hand pump Water Supply Schemes ................................................................................ 224
Table 17-3: Physical Facilities .............................................................................................................. 232
Table 17-4: Social Facilities (Medical) ................................................................................................. 235
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Table 17-5: Social Facilities (Education) .............................................................................................. 237
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS % percent
ASI Archaeological Survey of India
AGiSAC Aryabhatta Geo Informatics Space Application Centre
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
BMO Block Medical Office
BIS Bureau of Indian Standard
CBSE Central Board of Secondary Education
CPCB Central Pollution Control Board
CBWTFs Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facilities
CD Block Community Development Block
CFL Compact Fluorescent Lamp
DPF Demarcated Protected Forest
DHE Department of Higher Education
DTCA Department of Tourism and Civil Aviation
DSP Deputy Superintend of Police
DO Dissolved Oxygen
ft feet
GIS Geographic Information System
GoHP Government of Himachal Pradesh
GP Gram Panchayat
GDDP Gross District Domestic Product
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GSDP Gross State Domestic Product
GEC-97 Groundwater Resource Estimation Committee - 1997
HFW Health & Family Welfare Department
HGV Heavy Goods Vehicles
ha Hectare
HFL High Flood Level
HPIPH Himachal Pradesh Irrigation and Public Health Department
HPSEB Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board
HPSPCB Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board
HPTCP Act Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act
HRTC Himachal Road Transport Corporation
HH Household
I.C.A.R Indian Council of Agricultural Research
IRC Indian Road Congress
ITI Industrial Training Institute
INR International Normalised Ratio
IPH Dept. Irrigation and Public Health Department
km kilometre
KVA Kilovolt-ampere
KWh kilowatt-hour
L.U.P. Land Use Planning
AMB-GAGRET xvi
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LOS Level of Service
LWSS Lift Water Supply Scheme
LED Light Emitting Diode
LMV Light Motor Vehicle
lpcd litres per capita per day
msl mean sea level
MW Mega Watt
m metres
MT Metric Tonne
MSME Micro Small and Medium Enterprises
mg/l Milligram/litter
mm millimetre
MLD Million Litres per Day
MoDWS Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
N.B.S.S. National Bureau of Soil Survey
NH National Highway
NHAI National Highway Authority of India
NIDM National Institute of Disaster Management
NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre
NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Programme
NDDP Net District Domestic Product
NDP Net Domestic Product
NSDP Net State Domestic Product
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NAC Notified Area Council
O-D Origin - Destination
ODR Other District Road
PRI Panchayati Raj Institution
PM Particulate Matter
ppm parts per million
PCU Passenger Car Unit
PCI Per Capita Income
pph persons per hectare
PWS Piped Water Scheme
PCCs Pollution Control Committee
PMGSY Prime Minister Gram Sarak Yojana
PWD Public Works Department
RFP Request for Proposal
RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter
ROW Right of Way
SC Scheduled Caste
ST Scheduled Tribe
sq.km. square kilometre
SPCB State Pollution Control Board
SHO Station House Officer
SDM Sub-Divisional Magistrate
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SO2 Sulphur Dioxide
SPM Suspended Particulate Matters
TCP Town and Country Planning
TCPD Town and Country Planning Department
TD Town Directory
UT Union Territory
UN United Nations
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
UGC University Grant Commission
URDPFI
Guidelines Urban and Regional Development, Planning, Formulation and Implementation Guidelines
VD Village Directory
V/C Volume/Capacity
VOYANTS Voyants Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
WSS Water Supply and Sanitation
WPR Work Participation Rate
WHO World Health Organisation
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Himachal Pradesh is one of the highly developed States of India with a population of 68,64,602 persons
with 49 Urban Local Bodies and 59 census towns in the State as per Census of India, 2011. Also, there
are 33 Planning Areas and 34 Special Areas notified under the provisions of the Himachal Pradesh
Town & Country Planning Act, 1977. In the wake of rapid urbanisation and economic growth, the
Government of Himachal Pradesh (GoHP) plans to regulate the development process in its urban
settlements, to ensure that these urban settlements continue to serve their purpose without causing
inconveniences and difficulties to the population, and the administration. To achieve the same, the
Department of Town and Country Planning has prepared the Development Plans of nine
Planning/Special Areas, Amb-Gagret Planning Area is one of these.
The present report is the draft Development Plan. It comprises of the existing socio-economic situation
analysis of Amb-Gagret Planning Area along with social and physical infrastructure, housing, land use/
land cover analysis and conceptual alternatives for the future development of the Planning Area.
Amb-Gagret is a notified planning area in Una district of Himachal Pradesh state. It is located at the
north-western side of Una District along the major transport link i.e. National Highway (NH70) and
State Highway (SH25). Amb and Gagret are two towns located on either side of the Swan River which
is one of the main tributary of the river Sutlej. Swan River drains from North West to South East
side. The two towns act as a twin city and have been merged into one Planning Area.
The Planning Area is located 33 km away from Una Town which serves as the District Headquarter of
Una district. Amb-Gagret Planning Area falls under two Tehsils i.e. Amb and Ghanari. The Planning
Area is comprised of two towns i.e. Amb & Gagret that falls under the jurisdiction of Amb and Ghanari
tehsil respectively and administratively Amb serves as Tehsil Headquarter. Apart from this, the
Planning Area is surrounded by Bharwain Sub-Tehsil and touches the boundary of Kangra district in
the north, Bangana Tehsil in the south east, Una Tehsil in the South and it also share its boundary with
Punjab State in the West.
Gagret is known for its industrial potential in the district as many companies have established
manufacturing units here i.e. Advance Valves Pvt. Ltd. Luminous Batteries, Cast Well, Mittal Udyog
to name a few. Gagret is also known for its wholesale steel and timber market. Located 28 kms away
from Hoshiarpur city of Punjab, Gagret acts as a transit and gateway town to Himachal Pradesh and
Punjab.
Amb was named after the name of the goddess Amba, deity situated nearby Chintpurni. The town has
some ancient historical ruins of royal palaces and gardens. Gagret is famous for the ancient Shiv Bari
Temple, also known as Shiv Drone Mandir which is around 1 km from Gagret Chowk on Bharwain road.
Other important landmarks in and around the Planning Area includes the Guga Jahar Pir in Amb,
Gurudwara Bada Badd Bhag Singh at Mairi and Bada Pindi Das Ashram in Amb.
Una district is located between Siwalik ranges and forms part of the lesser Himalayas. It has a diverse
landscape made of hills, valleys with piedmont zone and terraces. The elevations of the land surface
in the district, vary from 340 m in south-eastern part to 1041 m above mean sea level (amsl) in eastern
part of the district. The entire area is situated at the upper reaches of the Swan River Watershed zone
which has a catchment of 1204 sq.km and is divided into 42 sub-watershed.
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Amb-Gagret is well connected with other major towns and cities by air, rail and road ways. The nearest
airport to the Planning Area is the Gaggal Airport which is located in Kangra district at a distance of 82
km from Amb. Besides this, other airports in the vicinity of the Planning Area is the Chandigarh
International Airport (156km) and Shimla Airport (217km). The railway connectivity is served by a
broad gauge railway line that connects the Planning Area with Delhi (National Capital) and Amb
Andaura railway station is located within the Planning Area. Apart from air and rail connectivity, the
major transport link i.e. NH-70 and SH-25 provides the road connectivity to Amb-Gagret Planning Area
with other major town and cities.
Himachal Pradesh is well endowed with the forest resources. Out of the total geographical area of the
Una district, 31.6% is under forest cover. The total forest cover of Una district occupies 1.3% of the
total forest cover of the state. Due to variations in the altitude a large variety of fauna is available in
the forests of Una district. The black bears and leopard are common in the higher reaches. The district
is rich in flora as it has variety of trees, shrubs and other plant species. Some of the most prominent
trees that are found in the district are the simbal, mango and tun.
Una district has 593 villages with a total population of 5,21,173. It occupies the 6th rank among the
districts in terms of population distribution in the state. Amb-Gagret has an average household size of
4.7 which is almost same as district and state averages of 4.7 persons and 4.6 persons (CoI, 2011)
respectively with a population density of 5 persons per hectare which is more than the district average
i.e. 3 persons per hectare. The decadal population growth of Amb-Gagret special area is 23.7 percent
which is higher than the district average (16.26%). The sex-ratio is 949 which is lower than the state
average (972 females/1000 males). Around 23 percent of the population of the Amb-Gagret area
belong to Scheduled Caste.
In Amb Gagret Planning Area, people are engaged in different types of economic sectors i.e. 59 percent
workers are engaged in tertiary sector followed by 40 percent in primary sector and remaining one
percent in secondary sector activities. It shows that the tertiary sector is the backbone of the economy
in the Planning Area.
The total road length in Amb Gagret Planning Area is 208.70 km and the length of the NH -70 passing
through the Planning Area is 15.5 km. Besides this, the National Highway i.e. NH -503 which is passing
through the Planning Area has a short length i.e. 1.35 km and state highway i.e. SH – 25 also passes
through the Planning Area with a total length of 6.3 km connecting Amb with the District Headquarter
Una. The Major District Road i.e. Panjawar Road and Gagret – Daulatpur road also passes through the
Planning Area with a total length of 8.77 km. Vehicular growth rate in the region puts light on the fact
of future traffic pattern as increase in the number of private vehicles envisages the increase in the
traffic volume. The main mode of public transport in Amb – Gagret Planning Area is the bus service.
Both the towns i.e. Amb & Gagret are well-connected with all major towns of Himachal Pradesh and
Punjab.
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, on an average 72 percent of the houses are in good condition followed
by 26 percent in livable condition whereas only 2 percent houses are in dilapidated condition. As per
the records of Census of India (2011), there are more owners than tenants in the Planning Area which
is corresponding to the permanent structures. Due to the nearness to major town and the presence
of administrative offices, schools, colleges, health facilities and main market, people prefer to live
areas that are considered as villages such as Pratap Nagar, Heera Nagar, Adarsh Nagar and Tibbi.
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Irrigation and Public Health (I&PH) Department of Himachal Pradesh is the department is responsible
to supplying water to all the domestic and commercial set ups in Amb-Gagret Planning Area. Ground
water is the main source of potable water in this area. The estimated water demand in the Planning
Area is estimated to be 3.20 MLD at 70 lpcd and the estimated sewage generation in the Planning Area
is 2.35 MLD at 80 percent of the total water demand. The total power demand in the Planning Area is
estimated to be 14.19 MW.
Amb -Gagret planning area has adequate social amenities. The distribution of educational and
healthcare facilities is existing as per the norms except the number of dispensaries and sub-centres
that are not meeting the requirements of URDPFI guidelines. There is requirement for a commercial
facility, a community hall, healthcare facilities, housing area parks and neighbourhood parks as per
the planning norms.
Amb-Gagret Planning Area is prone to earthquake as it falls under zone V of seismic zone. It seems
important to include the hazard resistant designs prior to any construction. Besides this, the Planning
Area is also prone to flash floods. Hence, it becomes necessary to take measures to mitigate the impact
of such disastrous events.
In terms of tourism potential, Amb-Gag et Pla i g A ea does t ha e a a eas fo tou is development but the unexplored tourist spots of natural, historical and cultural importance can be
developed to attract tourists from the neighbouring areas.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of the existing scenario of Amb-Gagret planning area, two
conceptual development alternatives are proposed for future development.
The first alternative is to develop Amb-Gagret as Agro-Industrial Hub which will promote horticulture
and sericulture in Planning Area. Majority of the industries in Planning Area are heavy industry and
are situated in the eco-sensitive zone as these are located close to the forest areas and are lying on
the banks of Swan River. It is observed that these industries might pollute Swan River and degrade the
quality of environment. Therefore, it is proposed to make a shift from heavy industries to light
i dust ies as that ill ot o l sa e egio s e o-sensitive areas but it will also generate employment
opportunities in the Planning Area. Apart from this, a commercial zone is also proposed in proximity
to railway station and Agro Industries. Also, the proposal of Eco-Tourism Zone between forest area
and Swan River will be helpful in preserving ecosystem and biodiversity. In addition to this, Eco-Resorts
are proposed near forest that is expected to have a minimal impact over the environment. Also Skill
development institute proposed near to Amb town.
Second alternative is to connect two major towns Amb and Gagret like Twin Cities. Amb and Gagret
are two urban centres that are founded in close geographic proximity and then will grow into each
other over time. A new link road is proposed connecting Amb and Gagret thereby diverting traffic
away from the major road and reducing the time taken to travel. Besides this, Hospitality Zone is
proposed along new link road to share hospitality services among two cities. Apart from this, existing
agricultural fields in the west are proposed to be retained as Agriculture Zone, also Shiv Bari temple
will be promoted as temple Tourism Destination. Eco-tourism Zone is proposed between forest area
and Swan River helps in preserving ecosystems and biodiversity. It provides chance for local people to
share their knowledge of the local terrain and ecology with the visitors. Additionally, Riparian Buffer
is proposed along the Swan River. Riparian vegetation slows down the floodwaters, thereby helping
to maintain stable stream banks and protect downstream agriculture fields.
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After the carefully examining the merits and demerits of both alternative proposals, the preferred
proposals will contain only the elements which are feasible for Amb-Gagret planning area. Based on
the Twin City concept, Planning Area will be developed as Agro-Industrial Hub with supporting facilities
and amenities to cater the agro industries and future urban expansion in the region.
AMB-GAGRET 1
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
1. INTRODUCTION
The chapter deals with the background of the project, the scope of work, methodology followed to
carry out the project and brief about the contents of the present report.
Project Background
Himachal Pradesh is one of the highly developed States of India with a population of 68,64,602 persons
as per 2011 Census. There are 49 Urban Local Bodies and 59 Census Towns in the State as per Census
2011. Also, there are 33 Planning Areas and 34 Special Areas notified under the provisions of the
Himachal Pradesh Town & Country Planning Act, 1977.
In the wake of rapid urbanisation and economic growth, the Government of Himachal Pradesh (GoHP)
intends to regulate the development process in its urban settlements, to ensure that these urban
settlements continue to serve their purpose without causing inconveniences and difficulties to the
population, and the administration. To achieve the same, the Town and Country Planning Department
prepared the Development Plans for nine planning/special areas located in three clusters viz., Cluster
A, B and C.
Table 1-1: Planning and Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
Cluster Sr.
No.
Name of Planning/
Special Area District
Approximate
Population
(2011 Census)
Approximate
Area
(in Hectares)
A
1 Ghumarwin Bilaspur 33,177 4556.79
2 Nadaun Hamirpur 9,992 879.59
3 Sunder Nagar Mandi 51,785 5078.03
B
4 Naggar Kullu 4,000 272.73
5 Manikaran Kullu 6,136 313.92
6 Reckong Peo Kinnaur 12,997 1988.00
C
7 Amb-Gagret Una 38,375 6710.00
8 Baijnath Paprola Kangra 19,364 1823.00
9 Hatkoti Shimla 285 41.37
Source: Census of India, 2011 and Notification of Various Planning Units as per the Department of Town and
Country Planning, Shimla
Report Structure
The present report comprises of the existing Socio-economic situation analysis of Amb - Gagret
Planning Area along with traffic infrastructure and land use/land cover analysis and two conceptual.
The report has been summarized in the following chapters:
Chapter 1: the project background along with the scope of the work and methodology.
Chapter 2: an overview of the Planning area in terms of its location, Regional Setting, connectivity,
administrative set up and available resources (natural) in and around the Planning Area.
Chapter 3: a brief profile of the demographics and human resource distribution
Chapter 4: description of the economic situation of the planning area.
Chapter 5: a brief description on existing traffic and transportation situations in the planning area.
Chapter 6: the housing situations in the Planning Area.
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Chapter 7: the availability of the physical services in the Planning Area.
Chapter 8: the availability of the social services in the Planning Area.
Chapter 9: a brief overview on the environmental situation in the Planning Area.
Chapter 10: the heritage and its conservation, existing tourism profile and the future potential.
Chapter 11: the institutional set-up in the Planning Area along with the existing line departments.
Chapter 12: describes of the existing land use of the Planning Area.
Chapter 13: account for the best practise of Land Pooling policies and schemes implemented
successfully and are being practised in various part of the world.
Chapter 14: presents/describes two Concept Plans envisaged for the development of the Planning
Area.
Chapter 15: the Way Forward in preparation of the next deliverable i.e. Draft Development Plan for
Amb - Gagret Planning Area.
AMB-GAGRET 1
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2. PLANNING AREA PROFILE
The chapter deals with the profile of Amb-Gagret Planning area in terms of its Location,
Administrative set up, Geographical Setting, Historical evolution of the central urban centre and
surroundings, Regional Linkage and connectivity, existing resource base within and surrounding of
the planning area. The chapter will help to understand the positive aspects Planning area possesses.
Location of Study Area
Amb - Gagret is a notified planning area in Una district of Himachal Pradesh state. It is located at the
north-western side of Una District along NH 3, NH 503 and SH 25. Amb and Gagret are two towns
located on either side of the Swan River, a tributary of the Sutlej River and it drains from North West
to South East side. The two towns act as a twin city and have been merged into one Planning Area.
Figure 2-1: Location and Connectivity of Amb-Gagret
Source: Town and Country Planning Department, Prepared by: VOYANTS, Gurugram
AMB-GAGRET 1
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
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Figure 2-2: Location of Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016 based on Census 2011 and TCP Department
AMB-GAGRET 2
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
The Planning Area is located 33 km away from Una Town, the district head quarter of Una district and
it comes under two Tehsils and two Blocks. Amb and Gagret towns are located in Amb Block and
Gagret Block under Amb Tehsil and Ghanari Tehsil1 respectively. Amb is the Tehsil headquarter of the
Amb Tehsil and is surrounded by Bharwain Sub-Tehsil and Kangra district in the north, Bangana Tehsil
in the south east, Una Tehsil in the South and Punjab State in the West.
Table 2-1 shows the reference co-ordinate points of the Planning Area.
Figure 2-3: GPS reference point for Planning Area (Refer table2-1)
Source: Sub-Division Town Planning Office, Una
Table 2-1: Co-ordinates of Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Point no. Latitude Longitude
1 310 760
2 310 760
3 310 760
4 310 760
5 310 760
6 310 760
7 310 760
8 310 760
1 Ghanari tehsil was formed in March 2016. Data regarding the tehsil is not available as it is recently formed.
AMB-GAGRET 3
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9 310 760
10 310 760
11 310 760
12 310 760
13 310 760
14 310 760
15 310 760
Source: Sub-Division Town Planning Office, Una
Gagret is known for its industrial base in the district, as many companies have established
manufacturing units here, Advance Valves Pvt. Ltd. Luminous Batteries, Cast Well, Mittal Udyog to
name a few. Gagret is also known for its wholesale steel and timber market. Located 28 kms away
from Hoshiarpur city of Punjab, Gagret acts as a transit and gateway town to Himachal Pradesh and
Punjab.
Planning Area
Amb-Gagret Planning Area was notified on 5th March, 2014 Under sub-section-(3) of Section- 1 of the
Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977. The Planning Area comprised of following
Revenue Villages:
Table 2-2: Planning Area Profile2
Sr. No. Name of Revenue Villages Hadbast No. Area (in Ha.) Population (2011 Census)
1 Amb 143 216 1759
2 Pratap Nagar 143 181 2494
3 Heera Nagar 143 147 1368
4 Adarsh Nagar 143 148 1284
5 Kalruhi 141 365 1331
6 Athwan 142 206 813
7 Andora Nichla (Lower) 144 360 2246
8 Andora Upperla (Upper) 144 402 2298
9 Tibbi 78 71 134
10 Shiv Pur 138 177 205
11 Kanshi Pur 138 206 1630
12 Mubarak Pur 138 196 1515
13 Rampur 138 53 803
14 Katauhar Kalan 151 273 1256
15 Katauhar Khurd 152 267 1036
16 Kuthera 85 667 2923
17 Shiv Bari (Gagret) 139 358 1433
18 Ambota 139 94 1801
19 Ram Nagar 140 324 435
20 Gagret 140 34 1245
21 Indira Nagar 140 23 171
22 Dev Nagar 140 49 421
2 Source: Town and Country Planning Department, Shimla
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23 Shastri Nagar 145 99 157
24 Krishan Nagar (denotified) 140 456 474
25 Baroh 147 377 1763
26 Oyal 148 534 1948
27 Kaloh 142 256 1585
28 Gagret NP 171 3847
Total 6710 38375
Source: Census of India, 2011 and Town and Country Planning Department
The Amb-Gagret Planning Areas have 27 revenue villages out of which partial part of Ram Nagar,
Gagret Khas, Indira Nagar and Dev Nagar are under Gagret Nagar Panchayat Administration. Rest part
of the Mohals are under the Gram Panchayat Administration. The Planning area has a population of
38,375 which is distributed over an area of 6710 hectares.
Administrative Set up
Gagret is a Nagar Panchayat in the Gagret block which consists of partial areas of four revenue Mohals.
The Urban Local Body (ULB) was constituted in 1979. It covers an area of 171 hectares and serves a
population of 3847 as per Census of India, 2011. According to the 74th amendment, the Nagar
Panchayat performs eighteen functions, listed in the 12th schedule.3
Amb is a Gram Panchayat in Amb Block. It is the Block and Tehsil Head quarter of Amb block and Amb
Tehsil. The revenue villages are administered by the Gram Panchayats in the planning area.
Figure 2-4: Administrative Set up In Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016
3 Refer to Annexure 15.4 List of Functions mentioned in 12th Schedule (74th Amendment)
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Geographical setting
2.4.1 Geology
The rock formations occupying the district, range in age from pre-Cambrian to Quaternary period. The
unconsolidated valley fills or alluvial formations, occurring in the valley area and semi-consolidated
sediments belonging to Siwalik Group form aquifer system in the district. Porous alluvial formation,
forms the most prolific aquifer system in the valley area, where as the sedimentary semi-consolidated
formation form aquifer of low yield prospect.
The ground water in the Siwalik group of rocks occur under the unconfined to semi confined
conditions, mainly in the arenaceous rocks viz., sandstone, siltstone, gravel boulder beds etc. The
occurrence and movement of ground water is controlled by inter granular pore spaces and also the
fracture porosity. In Una valley area, the ground water occurs in porous unconsolidated / alluvial
formation (valley fills) comprising sand, silt, gravel, cobbles / pebbles etc., and forms prolific aquifer.
2.4.2 Physiography
Una district is located between Siwalik ranges and forms part of the lesser Himalayas. It has a diverse
landscape made of hills, valleys with piedmont zone, terraces. The elevations of the land surface in
the district, vary from 340 m in south-eastern part to 1041 m above mean sea level (amsl) in eastern
part of the district.
There are three hill ranges i.e. Chamukha Dhar with maximum elevation of 1041m amsl, which borders
with district Hamirpur, Dhionsar Dhar with maximum elevation of 950m amsl and Ramgarh Dhar with
maximum elevation of 997m amsl. In the southwest along the border with Punjab, Siwalik hill ranges
from hilly upland or plateau area with elevation up to 666 m amsl. The vast area between the north
western & south eastern hill ranges, on both sides of Swan River is known as Una valley. The
undulating to plain fertile Una valley has an area of about 455 sq. km which occupies almost
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Figure 2-5: Geology of the Study Area
Source: Groundwater Information Booklet, Una District, CGWB
Figure 2-6: The Watershed Area of Swan River
Source: Joshi, M. (2015). Some experiences of Swan River Integrated Watershed
Management Project with reference to impact of Secured irrigation facilities on crop
diversification and enhancement of crop production of small & marginal farmers of Takarla
Gram Panchayat District Una H.P. 1st ed. [pdf] Una: Swan River Integrated Watershed
Management Project. Available at
http://swanriverproject.nic.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/file/Some%20experiences%20of%
20Project%20w_r_t_%20impact%20of%20irrigation%20facilities.pdf [Accessed 2 June.
2016]
Amb Gagret Planning Area
Amb Gagret Planning Area
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30% area of the entire district and extends from Daulatpur in the north-west to Santokhgarh in the south-
east.4
Swan River, a tributary of river Sutlej, drains the major part (80%) of the Una district. Swan River has about
80% catchment area in Una district and divides the district into two parts. Swan River flows in a south-
eastern direction and has a wide channel and exhibits braided nature. It originates near Daulatpur in the
north-eastern part and leaves the district near Santokhgarh and subsequently joins river Sutlej. Number
of local streams (about 73 khads) joins the river within the district. The river is known as the sorrow of
Una.
Amb-Gagret Planning Area is situated at the upper Reach of Swan River. During monsoon, Upper reaches
of the catchment area is more fragile and prone to soil erosion, deposition of sand on fertile agricultural
land.
2.4.2.1 Elevation
Figure 2-7: Elevation of Planning Area
Source: Analysis based on Base Map prepared by AGiSAC, 2017
4 Source: Groundwater Information Booklet, Una District, CGWB
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The elevation in the Planning Area ranges from 390m near Una Valley, located at the south eastern side
to 600m at the north western and south western sides of the study area. The terrain of the Planning Area
is mostly flat to undulating.
2.4.2.2 Slope Analysis
According to the slope map of the Planning Area, it is evident that the slope is from north western side to
southern side of the Planning Area. As per the slope analysis, more than 95% of the land in the study area
has flat slope i.e. less than 10% which is completely developable, almost 4% area has moderate slope that
ranges from 10 to 25% which is partially developable for construction of housing blocks and 0.5% area is
under steep slope i.e. more than 25% which is not subject to development. The overall terrain of the
Planning Area is flat and almost entire area is developable.5
Figure 2-8: Slope in the Planning Area
Source: Analysis by Voyants, Gurugram, 2017 based on Base Map prepared by AGiSAC
5Reference: http://www.fao.org/docrep/r4082e/r4082e04.htm
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2.4.3 Soil character
There are two types of soils in the district viz., alluvial soil and non-calcic brown soil. Most of the area
(75%) in the district is covered with alluvial soil and only about 25% of the area i.e. hilly area in the district
is covered with non-calcic brown soil. Soils are rich in nutrients and thus are fertile.
2.4.4 Climate
Climate of the district is tropical to temperate in nature, as the terrain varies from plains to high hills. The
District experiences summer from Mid - March to June and the temperature varies from minimum of 8°C
in winter to maximum of 45.5°C. The rainy or monsoon season starts from June and continues till
September where the district experiences an average high temperature of 35°C and a low of 14°C. The
winter season starts in October till February with an average high temperature of 33°C and experiences a
low of -3.5°C.
Figure 2-9: Annual Climate – Una District
Source: Himachal Pradesh – The Official Website, http://hpuna.nic.in/factfile.htm
http://himachal.nic.in/weather.php?lang=1&dpt_id=17&level=0&lid=1947&linkid=709
2.4.5 Rainfall
The annual average rainfall in the district is about 1110.7mm6. The rainy season starts in July where the
district receives 340mm of rainfall and ends in September where the rainfall is recorded at 144.8mm
(Refer Error! Reference source not found.). During the rainy season, the rainfall is recorded five times m
ore as compared to the rest of the months in the year.
6 Source: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform, Government of India
https://data.gov.in/catalogs/ministry_department/india-meteorological-department-imd
March - June July - Sept Oct to February
Ave High Temp 45.5 35 33
Ave. Low Temp 8 14 -3.5
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Te
mp
era
ture
(In
°C
)
Season (In Months)
Summer Rainy Winter
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Figure 2-10: Annual Rainfall – Una District
Source: Open Government Data (OGD) Platform, Government of India
https://data.gov.in/catalogs/ministry_department/india-meteorological-department-imd
Historical evolution
Amb was named after the name of the goddess Amba, deity situated nearby Chintpurni. The town has
some ancient historical ruins of royal palaces and gardens7. In the year 1877, at the request of Maharaja
Ranbir Singh of Jammu and Kashmir, the British government restored to Raja Ran Singh the Jagir in Jaswan,
originally held by Raja Ummed Singh consisting of 21 villages in Jaswan Dun valley and the family garden
at Amb, as well as palace buildings of Raja Ummed Singh at Rajpura. Raja Ran Singh died in 1892 and was
succeeded by his son Raja Raghunath Singh who also died in 1918. Thereafter, Raja Laxman Singh
succeeded him. His son Raja Chain Singh succeeded him and in 2009 after he died, Raja Vijaindra Singh is
now residing at Amb.
Gagret is famous for the ancient Shiv Bari Temple, also known as Shiv Drone Mandir which is around 1 km
from Gagret Chowk to Bharwain road. Shiv Bari, Shivbari or Drone Shiv Temple is said to be around 5000
years old. It is said to be one of the places where Lord Shiva is present in the form of a Pindi/ Shiva Lingam.
The temple is said to have a rich history behind from the times of Guru Drone, Drona or Dronacharya. The
temple and the dense forest around is once said to be the Drone Nagri (village of Guru Drona). He was the
Guru of royal families, Pandavas and Kauravas. And this was the place where he taught the Pandavas and
Kauravas.
7 Official District Website, Una, http://hpuna.nic.in/history.htm/
MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB
Rainfall (In mm) 40.9 17.2 26.8 67.6 340 310.3 144.8 32.1 15.5 24.1 46.3 45.1
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Ra
infa
ll (
In m
m)
Season (In months)
Summer Rainy Winter
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Figure 2-11: Spatial growth direction of planning area
Source: Google earth Imagery and Analysis
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Figure 2-12: Year 1990, 2000 and 2017 Settlements Sprawl within planning area
Source: Google earth Imagery and Analysis
Amb and Gagret settlement are located on junction of major NH3 & 503 and SH. These settlements have
spatially expanded due to its strategic location and connectivity. Gagret being located near to Himachal-
Punjab state border functioned important role as facility centre for the inflow coming from Punjab. Most
of the inflow coming from Punjab passes through Amb later visits Chintpurni and Baba Badbagh. After
construction of Amb-Andora railway station in 2000, Amb expanded more towards railway station area.
At present Amb Garget Planning area is spatially expanding in linear direction along NH3 and NH503.
Regional Linkages and Connectivity
The planning area is well connected by air, rail and roadways with all the state level and national level
major towns and cities (Refer Error! Reference source not found.). The district Head quarter Una is l
ocated at a distance of 34 Km from the Planning Area. Shimla (the state capital) is situated at a distance
of 217 km from Amb. Chandigarh is situated at a distance of 156 km whereas Delhi is 400 km away from
the Planning Area.8
8 Note: Shortest Route distance has been considered.
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2.6.1 By Air
The nearest domestic airport to the Planning Area is the Gaggal airport, situated at a distance of 82 km
followed by Ludhiana airport, located at a distance of 122 km. The Chandigarh airport which is 156 km
away from the Planning Area is the nearest international airport.
2.6.2 By Rail
The Planning area is connected by a broad gauge railway line via the Amb Andaura railway station. The
railway line is part of the proposed Nangal – Una – Talwara broad – gauge railway which is presently
functional only till Amb. There are two service trains in the station:
Himachal Express which runs daily connecting Delhi to Amb Andaura, Himachal Pradesh, and
DMU Shuttle Train Service also running daily connecting Ambala to Amb Andaura via Chandigarh
Figure 2-13: Regional Linkage
Source: Analysis by Voyants, Gurugram, 2017 based on Google Maps 2016
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2.6.3 By Road
The Planning area is well connected with all the important towns and cities via NH -3 and NH -503. Amb
is connected with Una via NH -503 and Gagret via NH - 3. The NH - 3 extends to Hoshiarpur in Punjab from
Gagret and Nadaun from Amb. Daulatpur is connected with Gagret via Daulatput – Gagret road (SH-25),
which further extends to Una via Panjara road.
Resources
Identification of existing resources and its assessment is required for plan preparation. The existing
available resources in the planning area are as follows:
2.7.1 Mineral Resources
One of the major mineral resource that is commercial exploited in the district is the Silica sand9. Other
than this, other minor resources such as bajri, sand and boulders are also commercially produced in the
district (Refer Error! Reference source not found.).
2.7.2 Forest Resources
Himachal Pradesh is well endowed with
the forest resources. Out of the total
geographical area of the district, 31.6%10
is under forest cover. The total forest
cover of Una district occupies 1.3% of the
entire forest cover of the state. The
district has 523 sq.km area under forest
cover (Refer Table 2-3).
2.7.3 Flora and Fauna11
Fauna
Due to wide variations in the attitude a large variety of fauna is available in the forests of Una district. The
black bears are common in the higher valley. The leopards are found throughout the district. Barking dears
and gural are found at medium elevation the musk deer or kastura and serao are found in certain areas.
Most commonly found is the porcupine, which is found in almost in the entire.
Other animal species such as Leopard (Bagher), Hare, Wild Bore (Jangli Soor), Jackal, Barking Deer,
(Kakkar), Monkey and Sambar and bird species such as Chakor, Crow, Red Jungle Flow (Jangli Murga),
Black Partridge (Kala Titar), Grey Partridge (Safed Titar), Woodpecker are also found in the district.
Flora
9 Source: Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises, http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIP%20Una.pdf 10 Source: Himachal Pradesh Forest Department, Himachal Pradesh Forest statistics 2013,
http://hpforest.nic.in/files/HP%20Forest%20Statistics2013.pdf 11 Source: Himachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board, Draft Environmental Impact Assessment Report & Environment
Management Plan, http://hppcb.nic.in/Luxmisceia.pdf
Table 2-3: Forest Cover in Una District (2013)
Forest Type Area (In
sq.km)
Very dense forest 18
Moderate dense forest 302
Open forest 203
Total 523 Source: Himachal Pradesh Forest Department
http://hpforest.nic.in/pages/display/ZjY0ZjZhg3FzZGZhNQ==-district-
wise-forest-in-himachal-pradesh
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The district has rich variety of trees, shrubs and other plant species. Some of the most prominent trees
found in the district are the Simbal (Bombex malabaricum), mango (Magniferaindica), tun (Cedrela toana),
several species of acacia and albizia, salambra (Odina wodier), termnalia, jamun (Engrnia Jambolna), larger
tour and bamboo.
The most common shrub at the higher elevation is Barberis, Indigopera and Desmodium. Other than
these, shrubs such as Vitex, Munj, Ber, Ipomea and Dodonea are also found in the district.
2.7.4 Water resources12
The entire planning area is situated at the upper reaches of the Swan River Watershed zone. The Swan
River also known as the Ancient Sombhadra River originates from Joh-Marwari village near Daulatpur
Chowk in Amb Tehsil and flows down through the inter-mountain valley of Una district and dividing it
longitudinally. After traversing a distance of about 65 Km in Una it finally drains into River Sutlej near
Anandpur Sahib, district Roopnagar of Punjab.
Total catchment area of the Swan River is divided into 42 Sub-watershed comprising 1204 sq. km (Refer
The Watershed Area of Swan River
Key Takeaways
Amb and Gagret are two towns located on either side of the Swan River and thus act as a twin city
merged into one Planning Area.
Located 28 kms away from Hoshiarpur city of Punjab, Gagret acts as a transit and gateway town to
Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.
The entire planning area is situated at the upper reaches of the Swan River Watershed zone which
has a catchment of 1204 sq.km and is divided into 42 sub-watershed.
12 Source: Official website, Swan River Integrated Watershed Management Project, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department,
http://swanriverproject.nic.in/
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3. DEMOGRAPHY & SETTLEMENT PATTERN
Demographic analysis is very important to understand the trend of population growth and its
characteristics. The demographic study of any area gives a clear picture of the presently available
human resources in terms of sex, age, literacy, caste and work participation rate. The chapter deals
with the demographic situations and the settlement patterns in the Planning Area which helps to
understand the current Human Resources available in the area.
Demography & Settlement Pattern
Demographic analysis is very important to understand the trend of population growth and its
characteristics. The demographic study of any area gives a clear picture of the presently available human
resources in terms of sex, age, literacy, caste and work participation rate. The chapter deals with the
demographic situations and the settlement patterns in the Planning Area which helps to understand the
current Human Resources available in the area.
Population
3.2.1 District profile
Una district has 593 villages and population of 521173. It occupies the 6th rank among the districts in terms
of population distribution in the state. It stands at 6th position in terms of sex ratio among the districts of
the state with 976 females per 1,000 males as compared to 972 females per 1,000 males of state average.
The district stands 9th in terms of its working force population with total workers of 215,346 persons
against 3,559,422 working persons of the state. It stands at 1st position in terms of decadal population
growth (2001-2011) of 16.3 per cent persons in comparison to state decadal population growth of 12.9
per cent persons. In terms of population density per sq. km., Una district with 338 persons per sq.km.
stands at 2nd in the state. It occupies 5th rank among the districts of the state in terms of literate
population. It has a literate population of 399,715 persons. According to the 2011 census the present
population of Amb Gagret planning area is 38375. With 3847 of Urban population and 34528 of rural
population.
Table 3-1: Population Distribution of Amb Gagret Planning Area
2011 2001 1991
Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total Urban Rural Total
Una District 44913 476260 521173 39424 408849 448273 32272 345997 378269
AMB Tehsil 7610 161183 168793 6535 137110 143645 7006 129046 136052
Planning
area
3847 34528 38375 3181 27624 30805 4258 23975 28233
Source: census of India 1991,2001 and 2011
3.2.2 Population growth
According to Census of India, Amb-Gagret Planning Area has a decadal growth rate of 2.4 % which is more
compared to the district average of 1.6% from 2001 to 2011. The growth rate of Planning Area has
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increased from 0.91% in 1991-2001 to 2.45% in 2001-2011 and the district growth rate has been
decreased to 1.6% in 2001-2011 from 22.9 in 1991-2001.
1991 - 2001 2001-2011
Amb Gagret 0.910990685 2.45739328
Una District 22.94865199 1.626241152
Figure 3-1: Growth Rate
Source: Census of India, 1991, 2001 and 2011
3.2.3 Population distribution
The Amb Gagret planning area has 6.9% of total Una district population in 2001 and 22.7% of total Una
district population in 2011. The population distribution of Amb-Gagret Planning area is as follows:
Table 3-2: Population Distribution of Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Year 2001 2011
Total Population HH Avg HH Size Total
Population
HH Avg
HH Size
India 1028610328 193579954 5.3 1210854977 249501663 4.9
HP 6077900 1221589 5.0 6864602 1483280 4.6
Una District 448273 88181 5.0 521173 110332 4.7
AMB Tehsil 143645 28843 5.0 168793 36710 4.6
Amb-Gagret Planning
Area
30805 5581 5.5 38375 7407 5.2
Source: Census of India, 2001 and 2011
Table 3-3: Village wise Population in planning area
Sr
No
Name of
Revenue Village
Status Population Area in (Hectares)
1991 2001 2011
1 Kanshi Pur Rural - 1471 1630 206
2 Shiv Pur Rural - 213 205 180
3 Mubark Pur Rural 2857 1267 1515 196
4 Rampur Rural 1244 600 803 53
5 Ambota Rural 3954 1667 1801 94
6 Shiv Bari Rural - 1026 1433 352
7 Krishan Nagar Rural - 744 474 482
8 Indira Nagar Rural - 125 171 92
9 Dev Nagar Rural - 374 421 81
10 Ram Nagr Rural - 354 435 339
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0
5
10
15
20
25
Amb Gagret Una District
1991-2001 2001-2011
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11 Gagret Rural - 773 1245 93
12 Gagret NP Urban 4258 3181 3847 93
13 Kaloh Rural 1701 1478 1585 252
14 Shastri Nagar Rural - 123 157 99
15 Baroh Rural 1479 1444 1763 372
16 Oyal Rural 1732 1642 1948 574
17 Andora Nichla Rural 2996 1596 2246 359
18 Andora Upperla Rural - 1958 2246 392
19 Pratap Nagar Rural - 1740 2494 178
20 Amb – R Rural 3669 1354 1759 206
21 Heera Nagar Rural - 671 1368 138
22 Adarsh Nagar Rural - 1012 1284 145
23 Athwan Rural 551 617 813 211
24 Kalruhi Rural 916 1104 1331 366
25 Tibbi Rural 54 83 134 60
26 Kuthera Rural 1425 1900 2923 677
27 Katauhar Kalan Rural 669 938 1256 287
28 Kathauhar
Khurd
Rural 728 893 1036 146
Total - 30805 38375 6710
Source: Census of India 1991, 2001 and 2011.
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Figure 3-2: Population Distribution in the Planning Area
Source: Census of India, 2011
According to the Census of India 2011, there are 38375 people residing in Amb-Gagret Planning Area out of
which 19571.25 are male (51%) and 18803.75 are female (49%). The population share of the planning area
to the district population decreased from 20.75% in 1991 to 6.87% in 2001 but then increased to 7.36%
in 2011.
The population of the planning area is estimated as 22.7 % of the total population in Amb Tehsil in 2011
which has increased from 21.4% in 2001. The population in the Planning Area is distributed in one Nagar
Panchayat (Gagret Nagar Panchayat) which has seven wards and six revenue Mohals (Gagret Khas, Krishan
Nagar, Indira Nagar, Dev Nagar, Ram Nagar and Shastri Nagar) and 21 revenue villages along NH-70.
Ambota, Gagret, Andora , Rampur, Mubarikpur and Amb villages were subdivided into smaller village
areas before 1991. Census 2001 have considered revised areas of these villages. It resulted showing
decrease in population growth from 1991 to 2001.
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According to 2011 Census, 89.9 % of the population reside in rural areas. Out of the total Population,
38375 people i.e. only 10% reside in urban areas in the planning area which is distributed in Gagret Nagar
Panchayat Area.
3.2.4 Household Size
According to Census of India, the average household size of the planning area i.e. 4.7 is almost same as
district and state averages of 4.7 persons and 4.6 persons in 2011. The average household size of the
urban area (Gagret Nagar Panchayat) is 4.4 persons and of the rural area are 4.6 persons.
3.2.5 Sex ratio
There are 949 females per 1000 males in Amb-Gagret Planning Area which is lesser than the district
average i.e. 976 females per 1000 males in 2011. The sex ratio of the planning area is also less than the
state average (972 females/1000 males in 2011).
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Figure 3-3: Sex Ratio
Source: Census of India, 2011
There is a continuous decrease in the sex ratio in the Planning Area from 992 in 1991 to 974 in 2001 to
949 in 2011.
3.2.6 Literacy Rate
The overall literacy rate in the Planning Area is 88% which is higher than the district average i.e. 87% in
2011. The male literacy rate is 82% whereas the female literacy rate is 75%. There is a significant increase
in literacy rate in the Planning area from 48% in 1991 to 84% in 2001 to 88% in 2011. The literacy rate for
the urban area is 89% and for rural area is 88%.
Figure 3-4: Literacy Rate
Source: Census of India, 2011
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Figure 3-5: Literacy rate in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Census of India, 2011
3.2.7 Population Density
According to Census of India, the population density of the Planning area is 5 persons per hectare in 2011
which is more than the district average i.e. 3 persons per hectare. The population density is stable in 1991-
2001 decade i.e. 4 persons per hectare. The population density has marginally increased from 4 persons
per hectare in 2001 to 5 persons per hectare in 2011. The population density of urban area is 4 persons
per hectare, whereas in rural area its 7 persons per hectare.
Overall Male Female
2001 84 77 68
2011 88 82 75
0
20
40
60
80
100
Pe
rce
nta
ge
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Figure 3-6: Population Density Distribution
Source: Census of India, 2011
Occupational Structure
3.3.1 Work Participation Rate
In the Planning Area the Work Participation Rate (WPR) is 39% which is lower than the district average i.e.
41% in 2011. The WPR has significantly increased from 17% in 1991 to 53% in 2001 but then decreased to
39% in 2011. The WPR of the Planning area has decreased by 14% in the last decade whereas, at the
district level there is an increase in WPR by 4% (41% in 2001 to 45% in 2011). The Work Participation Rate
for both urban and rural area is same (39%).
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Figure 3-7: Work Participation Rate
Source: Census of India, 2011
3.3.2 Main and Marginal workers
The total workers are categorised as main and marginal workers. Increase in the number of marginal
workers indicates an increase of the informal economy in the given spatial unit. In case of Amb-Gagret
Planning Area, there are 66% main workers whereas 34% marginal workers. The percentage of marginal
workers has decreased from 57% in 2001 to 34% in 2011. In a rural population base, the number of
marginal workers increases over the period of time,13 but in Amb-Gagret Planning Area the percentage of
13 Levels, Trends and Structure of Workforce in India: Census Based Study 1981-2001, International Institute for
Population Sciences Govandi Station Road, Deonar Mumbai 400088, 2008
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marginal workers have decreased over the years which indicates the increase of formal economic
activities in the study area.
Figure 3-8: Distribution of Main and Marginal workers
Source: Census of India, 2011
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
2001
2011
2001 2011
Marginal 8226 6796
Main 4532 9316
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Figure 3-9: Distribution of Main workers
Source: Census of India, 2011
3.3.3 Gender wise workforce Distribution
Out of the total workers, 69% are male and 31% are female in 2011. The percentage share of women
participation has decreased from 44% in 2001 to 31% in 2011. The percentage of female workers is more
than the district average i.e. 29% in 2011. Though among the States/UTs, highest worker population ratio
for females in the rural sector is in Himachal Pradesh i.e. 52.4% in 2011, compared with the same it can
be said Amb-Gagret Planning area has a very low percentage of female workers.
3.3.4 Sector Distribution
Out of the total population, 13552 people (39%) are engaged in different types of economic sectors. Most
of the workers (59%) are engaged in tertiary sector. After tertiary sector, the second most important
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sector is primary sector where 39% people are engaged. The least important sector is the secondary sector
where 1% people are engaged from the Planning Area.
Figure 3-10: Distribution of workers sector wise and Gender wise
Source: Census of India, 2011
Among the three economic sectors, women participation is comparatively higher in primary sector i.e.
63% in 2011 which is almost same to the national average of women participation (almost 65%) in primary
sector. Secondary and tertiary sectors have women work participation rate of 2% and 35% respectively
(National Averages: 6% and 30% respectively). The women work participation in tertiary sector is more
than the national average (35%).
Population Projection
Five projection methods have been followed to forecast the probable increase of population in the
Planning Area for next twenty years i.e. up to 2036. The five Projection methods are Arithmetic Increase,
Geometric Increase, Incremental Increase, Compound Annual Growth Rate and Exponential Increase. The
forecasted population from the five methods lies in the range of 51000 to 65000. As the population
projected by the arithmetic increase and Graphical increase are very low and that by geometric and
Incremental growth method is very high. Considering the average of the projected population of all
methods. Hence the projected population for Amb-Gagret Planning Area for the year of 2036 is consider
to be 60000.
Primary Secondary Teritiary
Male 2841 132 6630
Female 2686 73 1486
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
No
. o
f W
ork
ers
AMB-GAGRET 28
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 3-11: Population Project for Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Census of India, 2011
Table 3-4: Population Projection of Amb Gagret Planning Area
Year Arithmetical
Increase Method
(Pn)
Geometrical
Increase Method
(Pn)
Incremental
Increase Method
(Pn)
Graphical
Increase
Method
2011 38375 38375 38375 38725
2016 40911 41335 42464 40860.6
2021 43446 44523 46788 43396.1
2026 45982 47957 52248 45931.6
2031 48517 51656 58543 48467.1
2036 51053 55640 65674 511002.6
2041 53588 59931 73640 53538.1
2046 56124 64553 82442 56073.6
Source: Projected by Voyants
Existing Settlement Pattern
3.5.1 Urban Settlement
There are five urban settlements in Una district (Census 2011). Out of these urban settlements one is Class
IV, two are Class V and two are Class VI towns according to 2011 census. The Class IV towns
accommodated 42% of the total Una District urban population. Out of the five urban settlements two are
in Amb tehsil (Daulatpur (NP) and Gagret (NP)) and rest three are in Una tehsil namely Una (M.Cl.),
Santokhgarh (NP), Mehatpur Basdehra (NP),(M.Cl.), Santokhgarh (NP), Mehatpur Basdehra (NP). In
planning area there is one Urban settlement.
Table 3-5: Urban Settlement Pattern in Una District
Tehsil Class I
(100,000+)
Class II
(50000-
99000)
Class III
(50000-
99000)
Class IV
(10000-
19999)
Class V
(5000-
9999)
Class VI
(Below
5000)
Total
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
2011 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036 2041 2046
Arithmetical Increase Method (Pn) Geometrical Increase Method (Pn)
Incremental Increase Method (Pn) Graphical Increase Method
AMB-GAGRET 29
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Bharwain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Amb 0 0 0 0 0 2 2
Bangana 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Una 0 0 0 1 2 1 3
Haroli 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Una District 0 0 0 1 2 2 5
Source: Census of India, 2011
As per Census 2011, Amb-Gagret Planning Area has only one Class VI town called Gagret (NP). The level of
urbanization is low in the Planning Area (8.4%) as compared to the District which is 8.61%.
3.5.2 Rural Settlements
As per Census 2001, Planning Area has 27 villages with rural population of 27624 which is 89.9% of the
total population and in 2011 which has increased to 34528 (89.9 %) of the total population of Amb-Gagret
Planning Area.
Table 3-6: Distribution of Rural Settlements by Size of Population, 2011
S.No. Range (Population) No. Of villages (2001) No. Of villages (2011)
1. < 100 1 0
2. 100-500 6 8
3. 500-1000 6 1
4. 1000-1500 8 8
5. 1500-2000 6 6
6. 2000-2500 0 4
27 27
Source: Census of India, 2001-2011
Figure 6-3-12: Distribution of Rural Settlements
by Size of Population, 2001
Figure 6-3-13:Distribution of Rural Settlements by Size of
Population, 2011
Source: Census of India, 2001-2011
The number of villages with population ranging from 2000-2500 have increased by 15% and the number
of villages with population ranging from 1000-1500 has remained same. the number of villages with
population ranging from 100-1000 has increased from 22% in 2001 to 29% in 2011. whereas in 2011 there
are no villages with <100 population in the planning area.
4%
22%
22%30%
22%
0%
< 100
100 - 500
500 - 1000
1000 - 1500
1500 - 2000
2000 - 2500
0%
29%
4%
30%
22%
15%< 100
100 - 500
500 - 1000
1000 - 1500
1500 - 2000
2000 - 2500
AMB-GAGRET 30
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
3.5.3 Existing Settlement Pattern
For understanding the settlement pattern in terms of functionality the facilities and services of the
settlements within Amb-Gagret planning area are divided into three functionalities, they are as follows:
1) Physical facilities
2) Social facilities &
3) Communicational facilities
Following indicators are considered under these functionalities are:
Physical Facilities: Roads, Water supply, Sewer Network, Drainage Network, Solid Waste Management
and Power supply.
Social Facilities: Medical, Education
Communicational Facilities: Mobile Phone Coverage, Private Courier Facility, Internet Cafes / Common
Service Centre (CSC)
The higher-order facilities are weighed higher in order to find out the higher order settlements. The
weightages of the indicators are as follows:
PHYSICAL FACILITIES
Indicators Roads Water
supply
Sewer Network Drainage
Network
S.W.M Power supply
Weights 6 5 4 3 2 1
SOCIAL FACILITIES
HEALTH FACILITIES
Indicators Hospital Dispensary Family welfare/
Maternity and
child welfare
Community
Health Centre
Primary
Health
Centre
Primary
Health Sub
Centre
Weights 6 2 4 5 3 1
EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES
Indicators Degree
College
Senior
Secondary
School
Secondary
School
Middle
School
Primary
School
Pre-Primary School
(Nursery/LKG/UKG)
Weights 6 5 4 3 2 1
The Social facilities are weighed by giving high preference to the government facility upon private facilities
as per the table below:
Facility Code Weightage
Private 1 1
Government 2 2
Both 3 1
None 4 0
AMB-GAGRET 31
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
COMMUNICATIONAL FACILITIES
Indicators Mobile Phone
Coverage
Private Courier Facility Internet Cafes / Common Service
Centre (CSC)
Weights 3 2 1
Figure 6-3-14 Functional Hierarchy of Settlements
Source: Estimation by Voyants, Gurugram
The weighted scores have been added up to arrive at the functional index of each settlement which would
help to deli eate the settle e t patte i the pla i g a ea. As pe theo , “ettle e ts that p o ide more goods and services than do other places are called higher-order central places . “o highe the functional Index, the higher are the number of facilities & services in the settlement. Hence, higher is the
order of the settlement.
AMB-GAGRET 32
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Table 3-7: Existing Settlement Pattern
Sr.
No
.
Vil
lag
e N
am
e
To
tal P
op
ula
tio
n o
f
Vil
lag
e (
20
11
)
Ph
ysi
cal I
nfr
ast
ruct
ure
We
igh
ted
Sco
re
So
cia
l In
fra
stru
ctu
re
We
igh
ted
Sco
re
Co
mm
un
ica
tio
n
We
igh
ted
Sco
re
Fu
nct
ion
al
Ind
ex
Ra
nk
1 Gagret NP (Urban) 3847 19 73 3 95 1
2 Indira Nagar (140) 171 19 60 1 80 2
3 Oyal (148) 1948 19 58 2 79 3
4 Dev Nagar (140) 421 19 59 1 79 4
5 Krishan Nagar (140) 474 19 57 1 77 5
6 Shiv Pur (138) 205 19 56 1 76 6
7 Ambota (139) 1801 15 57 3 75 7
8 Amb (143) 1759 13 59 3 75 8
9 Kathauhar Khurd (152) 1036 19 43 1 63 9
10 Gagret (140) 1245 15 39 3 57 10
11 Andora Nichla (144) 2246 15 41 0 56 11
12 Kalruhi (141) 1331 15 40 0 55 12
13 Baroh (147) 1763 16 34 1 51 13
14 Kuthera (85) 2923 19 19 1 39 14
15 Rampur (138) 803 19 12 3 34 15
16 Kanshi Pur (138) 1630 19 13 1 33 16
17 Ram Nagar (140) 435 19 12 1 32 17
18 Pratap Nagar (143) 2494 13 16 2 31 18
19 Kaloh (142) 1585 19 9 0 28 19
20 Shastri Nagar (145) 157 19 8 1 28 20
21 Heera Nagar (143) 1368 13 11 3 27 21
22 Athwan (142) 813 15 12 0 27 22
23 Shiv Bari (139) 1433 19 4 3 26 23
24 Mubark Pur (138) 1515 19 3 3 25 24
25 Andora Upperla (144) 2298 15 9 1 25 25
26 Katauhar Kalan (151) 1256 15 8 0 23 26
27 Tibbi (78) 134 19 0 1 20 27
28 Adarsh Nagar (143) 1284 13 0 3 16 28
Source: Calculations by Voyants, Gurugram
3.5.4 Proposed Settlement Hierarchy and Facilities for 2036
Settlement planning at sub-regional level shall be linked with on-going development process in the region
and shall focus on integration with socio-economic development. Una is the district head quarter, a
regional trade and educational centre. The increasing trade and commercial activities with potential for
AMB-GAGRET 33
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
allied agro and manufacture industries in the vicinity have strong bearing on its future growth, hence
Amb-Gagret will also come under its influence. This will trigger the economic activity and trade between
the cities and regions.
Balanced settlement development strategy is essential for envisaged economic growth of the region and
the planning area. Above objective can be achieved, if the following points are kept in view:
A balance, well-knit pattern of settlement system.
Evenly distribution of infrastructure facilities.
A road network system connecting higher order settlements with lower order.
Evenly distributed, economic centre for balance economic development sub region.
Transport network
The prioritized infrastructure facilities are weighed against the weighted scores of the villages. These
weighted infrastructure facilities have been added up to arrive at the functional index of each settlement.
As pe theo , “ettle e ts that p o ide o e goods a d se i es tha the othe pla es a e alled highe -
o de e t al pla es . “o highe the fu tio al I de , the highe a e the u e of fa ilities a d se i es in the settlement. Hence, higher is the order of the settlement.
The following shall be the suggested settlement pattern on the basis of population:
1. Amb-Gagret with Urban Extension
Urban Extension is the first order hierarchy settlements. The proposed populations for urban area are
10,000-50,000. This urban area shall be a small town having linkages with immediate rural hinterlands.
This urban area would cater to the rural hinterland as agro-service centre in the collection and
distribution of agricultural goods and services.
These areas would work, as a nodal centre of resource based activity centre, trade and commerce,
administration, etc. The centre would have adequate infrastructure facilities with adequate resources
in quantity and quality.
Amb and Gagret will function as core urban centres and Indira Nagar, Gagret Khas, Dev Nagar, Ram
Nagar, Pratap Nagar, Adarsh Nagar, Andora Upper, Kuthera Kherla, Heera Nagar will function as the
urban extensions.
2. Growth Centres
The growth centre seeks to bridge the rural urban divide. The proposed population for growth centre
would range from 5,000 to 10,000 by 2035. Growth centre is the higher order village having central
location and potential for development within its catchment area, with relatively better services and
facilities in terms of education, health, communication and accessibility.
Ambota, Oel, Andora Lower and Shivpur are proposed to be Growth Centre in the Planning Area and
eventually will merge with Amband Gagret core urban development.
3. Basic Villages
All other villages are identified as the basic villages and will be provided with basic facilities like link
roads, water supply, electricity and basic social infrastructure.
Level Settlemen
t Level
Catchment
range in Km
from the
Settlement
Averag
e Total
Popuat
ion to
be
served
by
Education Health Recreatio
n
Shopping Transport-
Road
Connectiv
ity
AMB-GAGRET 34
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
each
centre
1 Amb-
Gagret
with
Urban
Extensions
Gagret NP,
Gagret Khas,
Indira Nagar,
Dev Nagar,
Ram Nagar,
Amb,
Pratap Nagar,
Adarsh
Nagar,
Andora
Upper,
Kuthera
Kherla,
Heera Nagar
45000-
55000
Vocational
training/
Polytechni
c
Maternity
and
Family
welfare
Centre
Recreatio
nal
Spaces/
Play
Gorunds
Shopping
Centre/
Communit
y welfare
Centre
Road
Connectivi
ty to other
villages
and
growth
centres
2 Growth
Centre
Ambota
Oel
Andora
Lower
Shivpur
5000-
10000
Primary
School/
Secondary
School
Dispensar
y/ Health
Sub
Centre/
Family
Welfare
Centre
Mela
Gorund/
Cremation
Ground
Informal
Bazar
Road
connectivi
ty from
the town
to the
basic
villages
3 Basic
Villages
Krishna
Nagar
Kaloh
Badoh
Katauhar
Kalan
Katauhar
Khurd
Athman
Kalruhi
Tibbi
Mubarikpur
Rampur
Kashipur
Shivbari
<5000 Pre
Primary
and
Primary
School
Dispensar
y/ Health
Sub
Centre
Basic
Communit
y Spaces
Daily need
shops
All
weather
Pucca
Road
Figure 3-15: Proposed Settlement Hierarchy and Proposed Facilities in Amb Gagret Planning Area – 2036
Source: Source: Proposed by Voyants, Gurugram based on URDPFI Guidelines, 2017
AMB-GAGRET 35
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 3-16: Proposed Settlement Pattern Source: Voyants, Gurugram, 2017
AMB-GAGRET 36
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
4. ECONOMY
Development is described in terms of the economic growth over a period of time in a given spatial
unit. The Chapter Deals with the assessment of the economic parameters like the GDDP and NDDP
growth over the period of time in Una district, the Per Capita Income distribution and growth in Una
district, distribution of workers in different economic sectors and the output from each sector in
terms of productivity. This would give us a clear set of pictures on current economic scenario in the
notified planning area.
Regional Economy
Theoretically, development of any area is proportionately related to economic growth in that area.
Understanding economic growth and various other characteristics needs an assessment of the regional
economic character of the spatial units as economic situations are not confined to the administrative
boundaries. It extends beyond the cities or districts. This is the reason; regional economy assessment
demands main focus.
4.1.1 Gross State Domestic Product and Net State Domestic Product
Regional Economy is very important to consider the Gross Domestic Product and Net Domestic Product
of any state. It gives a clear picture of the economic situation in the state or the country. In cease of
dis ussi g a out the state s e o o i situatio , G oss “tate Do esti P odu t a d Net “tate Do esti Product are considered.
Figure 4-1: GSDP and NSDP distribution of Himachal Pradesh
Source: Economic Survey of Himachal Pradesh, 1995 to 2014
The above chart shows the growth of GSDP and NSDP of Himachal Pradesh state from 1995-96 to 2010-
11. It is clearly showing that the gap between the GSDP and NSDP has increased over the period of time
11% in 1995-96 to 19% in 2010-11.
If the e is a o siste t g o i g gap et ee a ou t s GDP a d NDP, it o l i di ates that the e is a increasing obsolescence of capital goods. As pe ikipedia.o g, o soles e e is defi ed as the state of
1995-96 2000-01 2005-06 2010-11
GSDP 669828 1358956 2238245 5469500
NSDP 593024 1210831 1994328 4434800
0
1000000
2000000
3000000
4000000
5000000
6000000
Ru
pe
es
(In
la
ks)
AMB-GAGRET 37
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
being which occurs when an object, service, or practice is no longer wanted even though it may still be in
good o ki g o de . If the e is a a o gap et ee the GDP a d NDP, it only indicates that the
economy is good, and the capital stock of the country is improving.
According to the above analysis it can be said that there is a consistent gap between GSDP and NSPD
which is affecting the economic growth of the state and the employment generation as well.
4.1.2 Gross District Domestic Product and Net District Domestic Product
Like GSDP and NSDP, GDDP and NDDP (at constant 1999-2000 price) throw light on the economic situation
of the districts. Una occupies the 6th position among the twelve districts in Himachal Pradesh in terms of
GDDP and NDDP share from 1990-00 to 2005-06. Una shares 7% of the total GSDP of the state in 2005-06
which remains constant since 1999-00.
Figure 4-2: GDDP and NDDP distribution of Una District14
Source: Economic Survey, Una District
Table 4-1: GDDP and NDDP of Different Districts in Himachal Pradesh
Districts 1999-00 2005-06
GDDP NDDP GDDP NDDP
Kangra 268646 241270 404046 355033
Solan 205652 170475 313295 254303
Shimla 185285 165299 289780 253763
Mandi 158079 142147 233119 203874
Sirmaur 109720 95303 150045 127903
Una 101629 90744 142230 123445
Hamirpur 97468 88135 134516 117869
14 Note: 2001-02 data is not available.
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
140000
160000
1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
Am
ou
nt
(in
Rs)
GDDP NDDP
AMB-GAGRET 38
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Bilaspur 83870 72991 132586 117691
Chamba 76855 69190 117648 100987
Kullu 74683 66952 109483 95755
Kinnaur 26416 23286 41538 35723
L&S 22943 20908 24512 21325
Source: Economic Survey of Himachal Pradesh, 1999-00 to 2005-06
The GDDP share of Una district has been increased over the years whereas the gap between GDDP and
NDDP has also been consistently increased from 11% in 1999-00 to 13% in 2005-06. Unlike the increasing
difference between GSDP and NSDP of Himachal Pradesh, GDDP and NDDP gap of Una district shows the
same trend. It has its implications on generation of capital stocks.
4.1.3 Per Capita Income
Per capita Income is a very important indicator to understand the economic condition of the people of a
given spatial unit. PCI is calculated by dividing NDP with the number of population. This is the measure of
average earnings of a given population at a given area.
The PCI has increased over the years in Una district from 20689 rupees in 1999-00 to 25257 rupees in
2005-06 (at constant 1999-00 price) which is significantly less than state average (24924 in 1999-00 to
31414 in 2005-06). The PCI has increased 0.81 times in a span of seven years which is less than the state
average of 1.26 times increase from 1999-00 to 2005-06. The PCI of Una district is constantly lesser than
the state average because of its low NDDP generation (Una occupies the 6th position in Himachal Pradesh
in terms of GDDP and NDDP generation).
Figure 4-3: Per Capita Income of Kangra and Himachal Pradesh15
Source: Economic Survey, Una District
The annual growth rate of PCI distribution in Una district is satisfactory compared to the average state
growth rate. The annual PCI growth rate has increased from 3% in 1999-00 to 9.16% in 2005-06 (at
15 Note: 2001-02 data is not available.
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
PC
I (i
n R
s.)
Una Himachal Pradesh
AMB-GAGRET 39
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
constant price of 1999-00). The average PCI growth rate in the state experienced the negative growth
during 2005-06 i.e. -0.64%.
Sector wise analysis
Out of the total population, 13848 people (39%) are engaged in different types of economic sectors. Most
of the workers (59%) are engaged in tertiary sector. After tertiary sector, the second most important
sector is primary sector where 40% people are engaged. The least important sector is the secondary sector
where 1% people are engaged from the Planning Area.16
4.2.1 Primary Sector
Figure 4-4: Area under cultivation in Planning area
16 Source: Census of India, 2001 and 2011
AMB-GAGRET 40
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
As it has already been discussed that primary sector is the second most important economic sectors in
Una district in terms of work participation rate (40%) and GDDP share during the last decade. Out of the
total GDDP share, primary sector shared 26% during 1999-00 FY. The share of primary sector in GDDP, has
decreased over the period of time. During 2005-06 the share of primary sector fell to 22% and during
2010-11 to 20%. This is clear from this statistic that people are shifting from primary sector to other
sectors for the employment purposes.
Out of the total primary GDDP distribution in 2005-06, 90% has been generated from agriculture and
horticulture production whereas 8% has been generated from forest related activities, 1% from fishing
and 1% from mining activities.17
Out of the total area, 41% land is under cultivation that amounts 2707.5 hectares in the Planning area. In
district Una, 28% of the total area is under cultivation. Considering the availability of the agricultural land
in the Planning Area, chances of development of agriculture/horticulture/ sericulture (already developed
in Una district) related activities are high.
4.2.2 Secondary Sector
Una is one of the most important industrial districts in Himachal Pradesh. Una is the 4th most important
district in Himachal Pradesh in terms of Industrial development after Solan, Sirmaur and Kangra districts.
Una district occupies the 5th, 4th positions in Himachal Pradesh in terms of share of number of industrial
units (3522 in 2014)18, amount of investment ( 51197 lakhs till 2014)19 and rate of employment generation
(18019 persons in 2014)20. In district Una, 43% of the land is non-agricultural land which is suitable for
setting up large scale industries.21
Considering the sector wise GDDP distribution in Una district, secondary sector shares only 12% of the
total GDDP in 1999-00 which almost stagnant since then till 2005-06 (12%). From 2005-06 the share of
secondary sector in total GDDP has increased to 14% (assumed) in 2009-10. There are proposals for setting
up larger scale organised units in the district which would generate more GDDP in manufacturing sector.
4.2.2.1 Industrial Profile of Una District
Una is one of the industrial districts in Himachal Pradesh in terms of its location, the share of industrial
units and investments. There are eight Industrial Areas in the district out of which six are completely
developed and two are lying vacant. Total 222.17 ha. land has been allocated for setting up the Industrial
areas in the district out of which 158.29 ha. (71%) of land is developed. Large number of units is Metal
17 Source: Economic Survey, Una District
Note: Details of Agriculture and Horticulture in the Study Area is yet to be received 18 Source: Director of Industries, Himachal Pradesh 19 Source: Director of Industries, Himachal Pradesh 20 Source: Director of Industries, Himachal Pradesh 21 Source: Brief Industrial Profile of Una District, MSME
AMB-GAGRET 41
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
based (Steel Fab.), Engineering Units, wood/wooden based furniture and Rubber, plastic & petro
based.
The Industrial profile of Una district is as follows:
Table 4-2: Industrial Profile of Una District (2011-12)
Registered Industrial Unit (No.) 2133
Total Industrial Unit (No.) 3455 (including 1322
deregistered)
Registered Medium & Large Unit (No.) 23
Estimated Avg. No. of Daily Worker Employed In Small Scale
Industries (No.)
2625
Employment In Large And Medium Industries (No.) 3144
No. of Industrial Area (No.) 8
Turnover of Small Scale Ind. (In Lakhs) 105876.3
Turnover of Medium & Large Scale Industries (In Lakhs) 185876.3
Source: Brief Industrial Profile of Una District, MSME, 2011-12
4.2.2.2 Industrial Profile of Planning Area
The Planning Area consists of two important industrial areas of the district viz. Amb Industrial Area and
Gagret Industrial Area. The Amb and Gagret Industrial areas constitute 33% of the total Industrial area in
the district. Amb and Gagret Industrial areas have been developed for setting up of the large scale units
mainly.
Out of the total Registered units in the district, Amb Gagret Planning area has 558 units out of which nine
are mainly large and medium scale units, 350 commercial and service units, 101 micro scale industries
and 32 small scale industrial units. Out of the 23 Large Scale Industrial units in Una district, nine units are
located inside Planning Area.
Figure 4-5: Number of Units in the Planning Area
Source: DIC, Una
A total amount of more than 3000 lakhs rupees have been invested in the Amb Gagret Planning Area for
setting up different industrial units. Out of the total investment made in the Planning Area 70% have been
Commercial and
ServiceMicro Small Scale Large Scale
AMB 176 53 6 4
GAGRET 174 48 26 5
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
No
. o
f U
nit
s
AMB-GAGRET 42
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
invested in nine Large Scale Industrial Units and rest of the 30% have been invested in various small and
micro scale units in the Planning Area.
Large scale units consist of the manufacturing industries of battery, blade, printing blocks, Cylinder, cars,
multi-utility vehicles, TMT bars manufacturer. Commercial and Service units consist of repairing, wooden
furniture making, beauty parlours, processing of gates-grills and water tanks, manufacturing of exercise
note books, wheat flour producing units, film printing, tailoring, flower and PCOs etc. Micro scale units
consist of repairing shops of different plastic, electronic and wooden goods. The small scale units consist
of fertilizer manufacturing and pharmaceutical industries.
Figure 4-6: Investment in different Industrial Units
Source: DIC, Una
Out of the total investment made in the district, 1/5th portion i.e. 20% has been made in the Planning
Area.22
Industrial units inside Amb-Gagret Planning Area provides employment to 4370 people out of which 1596
workers (37%) are engaged in nine Large and Medium Scale Industrial Units. Rest of the workers are
engaged in different types of micro small and service industries. Out of the total industrial workers, 85%
are of Himachal origin and 15% are of Non-Himachal origin. The Figure 4-7: Number of Workers shows that
more persons are employed in Gagret Industrial Area in the Planning Area.
22 Source: DIC, Una
Commercial and
ServiceMicro Small Scale Large Scale
AMB 285.55 639.57 2719.5 11467
GAGRET 821.07 1358.74 3975.33 11281
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Inve
stm
en
t (i
n L
ak
hs)
AMB-GAGRET 43
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 4-7: Number of Workers
Source: DIC, Una
The above analysis shows that Gagret Industrial Area is more developed in terms of Industrial investments,
distribution of workers and number of operational unis Amb Industrial Area.
4.2.2.3 Industrial Policies
The Vision of the Industrial Policy of Himachal Pradesh, is To p o ote a d i e ti ize i dust led sustainable economic growth by creating a conducive climate which enables environmentally sustainable
inclusive development, generates income and employment opportunities, and encourages skill
development the e esta lishi g Hi a hal as a odel i dust ial hill “tate. The poli talks a out development of Infrastructure and Related Facilities like availability of land, planning and development of
new industrial areas at developable lands, provide uninterrupted and assured power supply at
competitive rates, housing and health institutions. The policy puts light on facilitation and improvement
of different administrative processes for the entrepreneurs by self-certification, state level single level
window clearance, time bound clearances, IT infrastructure and E-Governance, Labour Reforms, Investor
Assistance Services. The policy mentioned about provision of different facilities, incentives and
concessions. The policy emphasizes on the skill development and capacity building of the labourers which
would increase the rate of employment in the state. The handicrafts and small scale industries need the
focus for appropriate development.
4.2.2.4 Future Proposals
Amb and Gagret Industrial Areas are entirely developed and no vacant plots are available for setting up
new industrial units. HPSIDC suggested to develop and improve the available infrastructure at the
industrial areas under MIIUS (Modified Industrial Infrastructure Up Gradation Scheme).
An Integrated Textile Park with total project cost of Rs. 9690 lakhs have been proposed in Thatal village in
Tehsil Amb. Total twelve number of Industrial Units was proposed in this park out of which three has
al ead ee de eloped. Co o fa ilities like a ehouse, o ke s hostel, office guest house and
recreation centres would be available.
Commercial and
ServiceMicro Small Scale Large Scale
AMB 361 244 103 647
GAGRET 966 339 611 949
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
No
. o
f W
ork
ers
AMB-GAGRET 44
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
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4.2.3 Tertiary Sector
Tertiary sector or the service sector is one of the emerging sectors in the planning area in terms of work
participation rate (59%) and share in GDDP amount in the last decade. In terms of GDDP share, tertiary
sector has the maximum percentage share in the total GDDP of the district since 1999-00. The share of
tertiary sector in 1999-00 was 53361 lakh rupees (at constant price of 1999-00) which was 53% of the
total GDDP of Una district. The share of the tertiary sector increased to 101866 lakh rupees (at constant
price of 1999-00) 72% in 2005-06 and to 76% (assumed) in 2009-10. This indicates that tertiary sector is
the most important sector in terms of its annual growth in GDDP share and work participation rate.
Table 4-3: Occupational Classification of Amb Gagret Planning area
Sector Percentage of Workers
Primary Sector 25
Secondary Sector 12
Tertiary Sector 61
Source: Census of India, 2011
Figure 4-8: GDDP Distribution in Tertiary Sector for Una District
Source: Economic Survey, Una District
According to 2005-06 GDDP distribution of Una District, the main tertiary activities are constructions
(30%), trade and hotels (17%), communication (9%), banking facilities (6%), public administration (13%),
Real estate (6%) and Transportation (5%) which includes the railways as well. There are other services as
well which accounts 14% of the total GDDP share.
Employment Generation
Creating jobs is a keystone of any economic recovery program. Many activities can fall under the rubric of
job creation, including immediate short-term opportunities that yield quick impact, or the development
of more enduring livelihoods in the civil service or private sector. It is important to distinguish between
1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06
GDDP 53361 70934 74751 79106 85082 91871 101866
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
GD
DP
(in
ru
pe
es)
AMB-GAGRET 45
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
these different activities, recognizing that sustainability and long-term impact should be duly considered
in implementing any employment generation program. Providing jobs is vital on many levels.
Considering that the Development Plan - 2036 will boost the economic activities within the planning area
and create more opportunities for work, the planning area will have a substantially higher WPR i.e. 40%
till 2036. Thus, the worker population in 2036 will be 24,000 considering an additional 5% as floating
population the total workforce of planning area will be 25,200.
A break-up of the employment generated in each sector has been worked out in the following table.
Table 4-4: Proposed Occupational Classification of Amb Gagret Planning area
Sr. No Sector Occupation In % In Figures
1 Primary Agriculture, Forestry 20 20 4800
2 Secondary Agrobased Industries 3 20 720
3 Light Industries and Composite Use Zone 5 1200
4 Construction Industry 12 2880
5 Tertiary Govt. offices 8 60 1920
6 Institutional areas 12 2880
7 CBD 12 2880
8 Wholesale Trade (Integrated Freight Complex) 4 960
9 Transportation Hub 2 480
10 Retail Sector 22 5280
Total 100 100 24000
Source: Proposed by Voyants based on Analysis and Trend
Proposed Work Area
Una have shown significant development in secondary sector in recent years. Una is the 4th most
important district in Himachal Pradesh in terms of Industrial development
Considering the sector wise GDDP distribution in Una district, secondary sector the total GDDP in 1999-
00 which almost stagnant since then till 2005-06 (12%) from 2005-06 the share of secondary sector in
total GDDP has increased to 14% (assumed) in 2009-10. At present Industrial area of Amb and Gagret are
not completely functioning. Most of the units are sick due to unavailability of raw material, unfavourable
Industrial policy. It is recommended to draft policy in order to attract investors.
It has to be acknowledged that the tertiary sector cannot singularly absorb the entire workforce in the
planning area. Providing quality technical education and exposure pertaining to secondary sector and
primary sector activities functioning in planning area would create skilled labour force. The growth in
opportunities in Central and State Government organizations cannot be sustained beyond a certain limit.
AMB-GAGRET 46
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Thus the workforce has to be channelized into more meaningful pursuits like similar tertiary sector
activities or primary/secondary sector activities.
The employment preference of the planning area reveals that people prefer to work in tertiary sector;
they also prefer employment activities close to their home, e.g., agriculture, forestry & fishing etc. Thus
employment opportunities close to their residences would generate interest in the local population.
The households should be motivated to save a significant part of the household income and invest in
health, education and nutrition to improve the overall quality of life.
4.4.1 Hospitality and Wayside Amenities
Major passenger inflow passing through planning area is travelling for religious and tourism purpose.
Creating service industry activities like motel, hotels, lodging, event planning, theme parks will
complement the tourism economy of region.
4.4.2 Mandi/ Wholesale Complex
A Mandi or whole-sale trade co ple is p oposed at NH…… De elop e t Pla p oposed to de elop a 0.5 ha new Mandi Complex. This will include other Central Area activities closely related to trade like
financial institutions, administrative services, business entrepreneurship, physical and social
infrastructure facilities and services, people related retail market facilities like eating places and other
conveniences.
4.4.3 Retail
Retail shopping areas are essential and major part of tertiary sector. Presently there are two dedicated
shopping complexes near bus stop at Amb and Gagret. These areas are not organized retail areas leading
to traffic chaos. To accommodate the future required shopping, commercial offices, and other activities
like cinema, hotel and related facilities in organised manner, the following three tier system of commercial
development is proposed.
Table 4-5: Activities allowed in 3 tier system of commercial areas
Function Level I Level II Level III
Population 1,00,000 10,000 5,000
Area 5 Ha 0.50 Ha 0.15 Ha
CBD Community Center Neighborhood Center
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Activities Shopping (Retail Service,
Repair & limited Wholesale)
Informal Shopping,
Commercial Offices, Cinema,
Hotel, Guest House, Nursing
Home. Service Industries:
Auditorium, Museum,
Library, Science Centre,
Art/Craft/Music/ Dance
School, Craft/Mela/Book
Bazaar, Weekly Markets (on
close days), Local
Government Offices. Bus
Terminal, Fire Post, Police
Post, Telephone Exchange,
Electric Sub Station, Post and
Telegraph Office, Petrol
Pump Conveniences
Residential.
Shopping (Retail Service,
Commercial Offices,
Cinema, Hotel, Guest
House, Nursing Home).
Post office, Dispensary,
Petrol Pump (filling
Station
only) Facility corridor
which have Weekly
Markets (on close days),
Repair Informal
Shopping,
Electric Sub-Station
Conveniences, Library.
Shopping Retail
Service, Repair
Informal Shops,
Commercial
Offices. Community
Hall. Electric
Sub-Station
Conveniences.
Source: Proposed by Voyants based on URDPFI Guideline, 2015
4.4.4 Informal sector
The informal sector trade and services are scattered within the Planning area. The informal sector units
locate themselves strategically near work centers, commercial areas, outside the boundaries of schools,
colleges and hospitals, transport nodes and near large housing clusters. It is proposed to integrate the
informal sector in trade and services in the planned development. This would be appropriately
incorporated in the following developments:
Community Centre
Neighbourhood Shopping Centre
Convenience Shopping Centre
Integrated Freight Complex
Hospital
Bus terminal/Depot
Primary/Secondary/Senior
Secondary/Integrated Schools
Parks
City/District/Community/Neighbourhood Parks
Residential developments
Industrial development
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In all the above developments, 1% of the total area shall be reserved for informal sector/ vendor market
development. This area shall have temporary construction not to be included in coverage and FAR. At
appropriate locations, reservations shall be made for night shelters.
Thus, the city plan makes provision for the informal service sector spread over the city. Attractive design
shall be prepared for the space for stationary and mobile vending.
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5. TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORTATION
Traffic and transportation is an integral part of development plan preparation. The study helps to
comprehend the existing transport scenario along with the connectivity and accessibility in and around
Amb-Gagret Planning Area. The chapter deals with various traffic and transportation parameters viz.
road network, road inventory and condition, vehicle growth rate, facilities like parking, pedestrian walk
ways, public transport and black spot status have been taken into consideration. Based on the existing
level of services (LOS) proposals and recommendations would be given in the next stage for efficient
and reliable transport facility in terms of connectivity, speed, congestion, parking and accidents.
Introduction
This chapter gives the details of traffic surveys, the existing traffic characteristics & traffic trends of project
road with junction count, details on adopted traffic growth rates and forecasted traffic along the study
corridors.
Figure 5-1: Existing Road Network in Amb-Gagret Planning area
Source: Google earth imagery, Primary Survey and Consultations
AMB-GAGRET 50
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As part of this study, a systematic methodology has been followed to assess the characteristics of the
traffic on the project road before and after the proposed improvement. The details pertaining to the data
collection, primary as well as secondary and results from its analysis are presented in the following
sections.
Road Network
Amb and Gagret is located along the NH – 3 which connects Jalandhar in Punjab and Mandi in Himachal
Pradesh via Mubarak Pur. The SH – 25 also connects Mubarak Pur with Amb (except the portion of NH -3)
and further extends to Una in the south. Gagret is also connected to Daulatpur in the north by the
Daulatpur-Gagret road and to Una in the south via Panjawar road.
5.2.1 Primary Road Network
The primary road network in the Planning Area is the NH – 3. It connects Jalandhar and Mandi via
Hoshiarpur, Gagret, Mubarak Pur, Amb and Nadaun. The NH – 3 enters the Planning Area from the
western side via Gagret, continues towards the Mubarak Pur in the north and connects Amb towards the
south where it leave the Planning Area(Error! Reference source not found.). The NH -3 is also situated a
long the villages of Amb Khas, Adarsh Nagar, Tibbi, Kalruhi, and Mubarak Pur, Ram Nagar, Indira Nagar
and Gagret. It completes a road network of 208.3 km in the Planning Area. Apart from the NH – 3, the SH
– 25 connects Amb with Una towards the south. It is also the only linkage from Una to the NH – 3. The
villages of Pratap Nagar, Kathauhar Khurd and Katauhar Kalan is situated along the SH -25.
5.2.2 Secondary Road Network
The secondary road network in the Planning Area is the Gagret – Daulatpur – Panjawar Road. It connects
Daulatpur in the north and Una towards the south. It also acts as a by-pass route connecting Una and
Gagret and completes a total length of 8.77 km stretch in the planning area and passes along the villages
of Shiv Bari, Dev Nagar, Gagret, Baroh and Oyal.
5.2.3 Tertiary Road Network
The tertiary road network consist of the village roads which connects the rest of the settlements in the
Planning area, which includes Athwan, Andora Upperla, Andora Nichla, Kaloh, Kuthera and Heera Nagar.
The village roads connect the settlements along various contours. The hilly undulating terrain in these
villages also restricts to form any road pattern in the area.
Road Inventory
The total existing road length in the Planning area is 208.70km which includes the National Highway (NH
– 3), State Highway (SH – 25), Major District Road and Village Road. The present road density of the
Planning Area is 4.29 per sq.km.
Table 5-1: Road length – As per hierarchy
Road Hierarchy Length (In km)
National Highway – 3 15.53
National Highway – 503 1.35
State highway – 25 3.78
(Panjawar Road and Gagret – Daulatpur road) 8.77
AMB-GAGRET 51
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Village Road 176.78
The total length of the NH -3 passing through the Planning Area is 15.5km. NH -503 passes through the
area in a short length by 1.35 km. SH – 25 also passes through the area with a total length of 6.3 km
connecting Amb with the district headquarter Una. The Panjawar Road and Gagret – Daulatpur road also
passes through the area with a total length of 8.77 km. Other village roads have a total length of 176.78
km.
The NH -3, NH -503, SH – 25 and Panjawar Road are two lane undivided roads with 6m width while the
Gagret – Daulatpur Road have a width of 4m. Most of the roads are metalled23 with earthen shoulders.
Table 5-2 shows the road length in each revenue village:
Table 5-2: Road length in each revenue village
Sub - Division Revenue Villages Road Length (In km)
Amb Adarsh Nagar 9.06
Amb Amb 10.51
Gagret Ambota 19.56
Amb Andora Nichla 8.62
Amb Andora Upperla 15.50
Amb Athwan 3.55
Gagret Baroh 13.33
Gagret Dev Nagar 4.19
Gagret Gagret 4.96
Amb Heera Nagar 3.76
Gagret Indira Nagar 5.85
Gagret Kaloh 2.14
Amb Kalruhi 12.86
Amb Katauhar Kalan 11.04
Amb Kathauhar Khurd 4.92
Gagret Krishan Nagar 5.93
Amb Kuthera 5.92
Amb Mubarak Pur 6.29
Gagret Oyal 14.66
Amb Pratap Nagar 8.98
Gagret Ram Nagar 15.97
Amb Rampur 2.15
Gagret Shastri Nagar 3.20
Gagret Shiv Bari 11.14
Amb Shiv Pur 2.36
Amb Tibbi 2.26
Total 208.70
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016 based on AGISAC information
23 Data on length of metalled and un-metalled road is yet to be received.
AMB-GAGRET 52
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Out of the total road network of 208.70km in the Planning Area, 20.4 kms length is maintained by the
PWD Amb Sub-Division. Another 8 km is under the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) in 2014-
15 which falls under two road stretches: one is the link road connecting Andora via Badaun and the other
connecting Kalruhi and Adarsh Nagar.
Table 5-3: PWD Road Length
Sl. No. Name of Road Length
(In Km)
Metalled /
Non-Metalled
Type of Road
1 Link Road from Amb to Athwan 2.0 Metalled Village Road
2 Link Road from Amb to Gagret 3.7 Metalled Village Road
3 Link Road from Parol to Andora 2.5 Metalled Village Road
4 Link Road from Andora via
Badaun (PMGSY)
6.0 Metalled Village Road
5 Link Road from Kalruhi to Adarsh
Nagar (PMGSY)
2.0 Metalled Village Road
6 Link Road from Andora Nichla to
Andora Upperla
2.5 Metalled Village Road
7 Nangal Mubarak Pur to Talwara
Road
5.8 Metalled Village Road
8 Link Road from Amb to Polian
Jaswalan
1.0 Metalled Village Road
9 Hospital Road 0.0 -
11 Link Road Paroh to Panjoa 2.9 Metalled -
Total 28.4
Source: PWD, Amb Sub-division
*Note: Data from PWD Gagret Sub-Division is yet to be received.
Vehicular Growth
Vehicular growth rate in the region puts light on the fact of future traffic pattern. Increase in the number
of private vehicles envisages the increase in the traffic volume in the town. It would put more pressure on
the existing roads and creates congestion on a larger run if necessary measures are not taken. Through
this analysis assumptions can be drawn for measuring the future level of Service (LOS) of the existing
roads.
AMB-GAGRET 53
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Figure 5-2: Annual Vehicle Registration in Amb-Gagret
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016 based on data provided by SDM Office
Table 5-4: Annual Vehicular Growth
Year No. of Vehicles Annual Increase Annual % increase
2011 3031 - -
2012 3156 125 4.0%
2013 3326 170 5.1%
2014 3287 -39 -1.2%
2015 3567 280 7.8%
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016 based on data provided by SDM Office
Figure 5-3: Average Annual Vehicle Registration
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016 based on data provided by SDM Office
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Tractor 87 90 58 51 31
HMV (c ) 89 49 62 53 26
LMV (c) 94 98 79 104 46
HMV (p) 38 6 17 15 9
LMV (p) 17 64 85 67 56
2w 2320 2417 2533 2493 2853
Cars 386 432 492 504 546
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
No. O
f Veh
icles
Year
14%
77%
2%1%
3%2% 2%
Cars
2w
LMV (p)
HMV (p)
LMV (c)
HMV (c )
Tractor
AMB-GAGRET 54
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Table 5-4 shows the annual vehicular registration in Amb-Gagret in the past five (5) years. It is also
observed from Figure 5-3 that two wheelers24 have the maximum registered vehicle each year i.e. an 77%
followed by cars25 with 14%, LMV Commercial26 by 3%, LMV Passenger27 by 2%, HMV Commercial28 by 2%,
2% by Tractor29 and 1% HMV Passenger30.
shows the annual vehicle growth in the past five (5) years. It is observed that in 2012 and 2013, the annual
vehicle growth is 4% and 5.1% respectively. There is a decline of growth in 2014 by -1.2%. Further the
vehicular growth increased by 7.8% in 2015.
Pedestrian Pathways
There is no designated pathways for the pedestrian movement in both Amb and Gagret town. The carriage
way of the main arterial roads are used by the pedestrians mainly. The walkways is required as most of
the people commute by walking inside the Planning Area31.
According to IRC, pedestrian pathways should be minimum of 1.5m of width at both sides of the carriage
ways. It can be customised according to the demand of the area.
Public Transport and Routes
5.6.1 Roadways
The main mode of public transport in Amb – Gagret Planning Area is the Bus service. Both the towns are
well-connected with all major towns of from both Himachal Pradesh and Punjab. There are private buses
as well as Government (HPRTC) buses operating in both the towns.
24 Two Wheelers – Moped, motorcycle, scooter, scooter with side car 25 Car - LMV (car) 26 LMV Commercial – Lights / Medium Goods Vehicles 27 LMV Passenger – LMV (van), LMV (jeep/ gypsy). Omni Bus (pvt), PSV Motor Cab, Maxi Cab, Ambulance 28 HMV Commercial – Crane, Earth Moving Vehicle/Equipment, Heavy Goods Vehicles, Excavator 29 Tractor – Tractor, Tractor with Trailer 30 HMV Passenger – Bus, Mini Bus 31 To be updated after conducting the primary survey
AMB-GAGRET 55
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Figure 5-4: Public transport routes – Amb- Gagret Planning Area
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016
Buses are available every 10 – 15 minutes from all neighbouring towns such as Una, Bharwain, Nadaun,
Daulatpur, etc. Apart from buses, there are autos which provide commute within the town area. Taxi
services are also available in the area for commute to distant towns and personal hire purpose.
5.5.1 Railways
Within the Planning Area, the 80km Nangal – Una – Talwara broad – gauge railway runs laterally through
the planning area from south-western to north crossing Amb town. The railway line is under construction
and is presently functional till Amb32. There are two service trains, the Amb-Ambala Diesel Mobile Unit
and the Himachal Express which reaches Amb via Una every day (refer Error! Reference source not f
ound.). The proposed railway line from Amb to Joginder Nagar is under construction.
32http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/himachal/community/daulatpur-talwara-rail-line-proposed-on-elevated-pillars
/167569.html
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Traffic Intensity
5.5.2 Classified Traffic Volume Counts
For carrying out the traffic survey, vehicle classifications, as given in Table 5-5, were adopted. The vehicle
classification used is based on IRC –64:1990 and after discussion with Authority.
Table 5-5: Vehicle Classification System
Motorised Traffic Non-Motorised Traffic
2 wheelers Animal/ Hand Drawn
Auto Rickshaw Cycle
Passenger Car/Jeep Cycle Rickshaw
Utility Vehicle (Van, Tempo etc.) Others
Bus Mini Bus
Standard Bus
LCV Freight
Truck 2 – Axle Rigid Truck (MCV)
3 – Axle Rigid Truck (HCV)
Multi Axle Truck (MAV)
Tractor With Trailor
Without Trailor
The various vehicle types having different sizes and characteristics were converted into equivalent
passenger car unit. Passenger Car Unit (PCU) values are adopted from Indian Road Congress publication
o Capa it of ‘oads i ‘u al a eas , I‘C-64-1990. The PCU values used are presented in Table 5-6.
Table 5-6: Vehicle Classification and PCU Factors Used in the Study
Vehicle Type PCU Factor
Fast Moving Vehicles
Car, jeep and van (New and Old technology) 1.0
Taxi 1.0
Three wheeler 1.0
Two wheeler 0.5
Mini bus 1.5
Bus (Private & Government classified) 3.0
Light goods vehicle (Passenger & Goods carrying) 1.5
Truck 2-axle 3.0
Truck 3-axle 3.0
4-6 Axle Truck 4.5
> =7 Axle Truck 4.5
Agricultural tractor 1.5
Agricultural tractor with trailer 4.5
Slow Moving Vehicles
Cycle 0.5
Cycle rickshaw 2.0
Animal/Hand drawn cart 6.0
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The directional classified traffic volume counts, observed at the count stations, are analyzed to obtain:
Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
Daily variation of ADT
Hourly variation and Peak Hour Factor (PHF)
Directional distribution
Traffic composition
Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)
5.5.3 Average Daily Traffic
The summary of ADT, in terms of each class, vehicles and PCUs at the 2 count stations on SH-25 and NH-
3 are given in Table 5-7. ADT (PCU) of 9 hours is 9460 on SH-25 at Survey Point I and 3598 on NH-3 at
Survey Point II. The classified directional traffic observed at each count location and summary is given in
Annexure 1.1 – 1.4.
Table 5-7: Average Daily Traffic (of 12 Hours) at Count Locations (veh)
Vehicle Types On SH-25, connecting Mubarikpur
to Amb (Survey Point I)
On NH-3 ,connecting Hoshiyarpur
to Gagret (Survey Point II)
Car/ Jeep/Van 2755 1685
Utility Vehicles 1149 231
Two-wheeler 3563 872
3wh(pass) 47 7
Minibus 90 14
Standard Bus 403 175
3wh (Goods) 19 1
LCV 599 149
Trucks 443 150
Tractor 31 6
Tractor with Trailer 79 17
Cycle 52 9
Cycle Rickshaw 0 0
Animal Cart 0 0
Others 4 0
Toll Exempted
Vehicle
Car/Jeep 0 0
Bus 0 0
LCV 0 0
Truck 0 0
Passenger Vehicles 8059 2992
Freight Vehicles 1175 324
Total Fast Moving Vehicles 9181 3308
Total Slow Moving Vehicles 52 9
Total Vehicles 9233 3316
Total PCU 9460 3598
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1.1.1.1 Daily Variation of ADT
Daily variation of traffic at each count locations is shown in Table 5-8. The variation from average is ranging
from -20.30% to +10.68% on SH-25 at Survey Point I and -14.19% to +20.22% on NH-3 at Survey Point II.
Daily variations of traffic at different locations are presented in Figure 5-5 to Figure 5-6.
Table 5-8: Daily Variation of Traffic (PCUs) at Each Count Station
Location On SH-25, connecting Mubarikpur to Amb (Survey Point I) On NH-3
,connecting
Hoshiyarpur to
Gagret (Survey
Point II)
Day1 10371 3381
Day2 7540 3087
Day3 10471 4325
Average 9460 3598
Variation (%) from average (+) +10.68 +20.22
Variation (%) from average (-) -20.30 -14.19
Figure 5-5: Daily Variation of Traffic at Survey Point I
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Thursday Friday Saturday
Tra
ffic
Day
Daily Variation of Traffic at Survey Point I
Total Vehicles Total PCU
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Figure 5-6: Daily Variation of Traffic at Survey Point II
1.1.1.2 Hourly Variation of Average Daily Traffic
Analysis has been carried out to understand hourly variation and peak hour traffic characteristics. The
hourly distribution of traffic at different locations is illustrated in Figure 5-7 to Figure 5-8.
Figure 5-7: Hourly Variation of Traffic at Survey Point I
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Thursday Friday Saturday
Tra
ffic
Day
Daily Variation of Traffic at Survey Point II
Total Vehicles Total PCU
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
9:0
0-1
0:0
0
10
:00
-11
:00
11
:00
-12
:00
12
:00
-1:0
0
1:0
0-2
:00
2:0
0-3
:00
3:0
0-4
:00
4:0
0-5
:00
5:0
0-6
:00
Nu
mb
er
of
Ve
hic
les
Time Period
Hourly Variation of Traffic at Survey Point I
Passenger Vehicles
Freight Vehicles
Total Fast Moving
Vehicles
Total Slow Moving
Vehicles
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Figure 5-8: Hourly Variation of Traffic at Survey Point II
The peak hour factor and Peak hour PCUs details of each location are given in Table 5-9.
Table 5-9: Peak Hour Details
Location Peak Hour Peak Hour Factor (%) Peak Hour PCU
On SH-25, connecting Mubarikpur to Amb
(Survey Point I)
9:00 AM-10:00 AM 13.5 1329
On NH-3 ,connecting Hoshiyarpur to Gagret
(Survey Point II)
4:00 PM-5:00 PM 14.3 502
1.1.1.3 Directional Distribution
Directional distribution of traffic has been analyzed. The analysis reveals that there are no tidal flows on
the roads in the project area. The directional distribution observed is 54:46 at Survey Point I and 52:48 at
Survey Point II.
1.1.1.4 Traffic Composition
Analysis has been carried out to find out the composition of traffic and the results are illustrated in Figure
5-9 to Figure 5-10. Cars and Two Wheelers contribute the most in traffic composition at all the locations.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
5009
:00
-10
:00
10
:00
-11
:00
11
:00
-12
:00
12
:00
-1:0
0
1:0
0-2
:00
2:0
0-3
:00
3:0
0-4
:00
4:0
0-5
:00
5:0
0-6
:00
Nu
mb
er
of
Ve
hic
les
Time Period
Hourly Variation of Traffic at Survey Point II
Passenger
Vehicles
Freight
Vehicles
Total Fast
Moving
VehiclesTotal Slow
Moving
Vehicles
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Figure 5-9: Traffic Composition at Survey Point I
Figure 5-10: Traffic Compositions at Survey Point II
5.5.4 Annual Average Daily Traffic
For deriving seasonal variation and correction factors, petrol and diesel sales data has been used. SCF
work out for the combined data of all petrol pumps which will give realistic figure by reducing the error.
These data have been collected from various petrol pumps for different years which are located along the
Car/Van/Jeep
30%
Utility Vehicles
12%
2W
39%
3W
1%
Minibus
1%
Standard Bus
4%
LCV
6%
Truck
5%Tractor & Trailers
1%
NMT
1%
Traffic Composition at Survey Point I
Car/Van/Jeep
Utility Vehicles
2W
3W
Minibus
Standard Bus
LCV
Truck
Tractor & Trailers
NMT
Car/Van/Jeep
50.80% Utility Vehicles
6.97%
2W
26.28%3W
0.25%Minibus
0.43%
Standard Bus
5.28%
LCV
4.50%
Truck
4.53%
Tractor & Trailers
0.69%
NMT
0.26%
0%
Traffic Composition at Point II
Car/Van/Jeep
Utility Vehicles
2W
3W
Minibus
Standard Bus
LCV
Truck
Tractor & Trailers
NMT
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project corridor. However, the data collected from fuel pumps of project road is insufficient which cannot
help to give the realistic picture of traffic data. So as per standard SCF considered for the project road is
1.0 for petrol driven vehicles and 1.0 for diesel driven vehicles.
After applying the SCF, the AADT derived is presented in Table 5-10.
Table 5-10: Annual Average Daily Traffic (of 12 Hours) at Count Locations (VEH)
Vehicle Types On SH-25, connecting
Mubarikpur to Amb (Survey
Point I)
On NH-3 ,connecting
Hoshiyarpur to Gagret (Survey
Point II)
Car/ Jeep/Van 2755 1685
Utility Vehicles 1149 231
Two-wheeler 3563 872
3wh(pass) 47 7
Minibus 90 14
Standard Bus 403 175
3wh (Goods) 19 1
LCV 599 149
Trucks 443 150
Tractor 31 6
Tractor with Trailer 79 17
Cycle 52 9
Cycle Rickshaw 0 0
Animal Cart 0 0
Others 4 0
Toll
Exempted
Vehicle
Car/Jeep 0 0
Bus 0 0
LCV 0 0
Truck 0 0
Passenger Vehicles 8059 2992
Freight Vehicles 1175 324
Total Fast Moving Vehicles 9181 3308
Total Slow Moving Vehicles 52 9
Total Vehicles 9233 3316
Total PCU 9460 3598
Travel Pattern
5.8.1 Zoning System
The area adjacent to the project, which contributes most of the trips observed on the project road, where
as, other locations of Amb and Gagret. In all 12 zones were defined for the project. Zone Map is shown in
Figure 5-13.
While defining zone boundaries the following were considered:
Important residential and industrial areas along or near the Project Road
Important roads
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Administrative boundaries, e.g., government offices.
5.8.2 Expansion Factors and Development of O – D Matrices
The origin – destination details were collected from the trip makers during the survey on sample basis.
Sampling varied with the changes in traffic flow across the day. Care has been taken to eliminate any
element of bias in sampling. Since data was collected on sample basis, expansion factors are required to
replicate the pattern as reflected in the sample to the total number of vehicular trips made during the
day. These expansion factors are calculated separately for each class of vehicle and direction wise. For
example, if xc is number of cars interviewed and Xc is the total number of cars counted during the day,
then Xc/xc would be the expansion factor for cars.
O – D matrices are developed to assess the traffic movement pattern. These matrices actually speak about
distribution of trips for each zone as intra-zonal and inter-zonal movements. The vehicle wise O – D
matrices are developed by multiplying the sample O – D matrix obtained from survey data with expansion
factors.
O – D matrices for different vehicle types for project road at Four locations are presented in Annexure 1.5
to 1.8.
5.8.3 Travel pattern
The influence of various zones is analysed and the distribution in percentage is presented below Figure
5-11.
Figure 5-11: Total Distribution of Zones(in %)
13
.29
%
10
.30
%
6.8
4%
6.6
4%
8.7
0%
10
.30
%
7.4
2%
3.4
6%
1.1
3%
2.6
0%
28
.36
%
0.9
7%
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
%a
ge
Zone ID
Trip Distribution (in %age)
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The Figure 5-12 shows that the maximum trips are generated from the zone 11 (Rest of Punjab) which is
28.36% of whole trips. The major trip generator areas are Amb, Gagret, Una Tehsil and Punjab State.
Figure 5-12 shows the percentage of generating trips from major influence zones.
Figure 5-12 : Trip Distribution of Major Influence Zones(in %)
13
.29
%
10
.30
%
10
.30
%
28
.36
%
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
1 2 6 11
%a
ge
Zone ID
Trip Distribution of Major Influence Zones (in %age)
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Figure 5-13: Zone Map
AMB
1
3
2
12
7
6
11
10
9
8
5
4
ZONE MAP
Traffic Movement
Zone Numbers
Project Area
NH/SH/MDR
LEGENDS:-
11
1. Amb Settlement
2. Mubarikpur and Daultapur
3. Gagret Nagar Parishad
4. Rest of Amb and Gagret Tehsil
5. Chintpurni (Bharwin)
6. Tehsil Una
7. Chamba & Kangra Districts
8. Hamirpur, Mandi & Kullu Districts
9. Bilaspur, Solan & Shimla Districts
10. South of Punjab, Chandigarh, Delhi and
Haryana
11. Rest of Punjab State
12. North of Punjab, J&K
ZONE DETAILS
PUNJAB
KANGRA DISTRICT
HA
MIR
PU
R D
ISTR
ICT
BILASPUR
DISTRIC
T
GAGRET
Tehsil-Haroli
Tehsil-Bangana
Tehsil-Bharwin
Tehsil-Amb
Tehsil-Una
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5.8.4 Analysis of O-D Survey
The summary of OD survey results are as follows, which has been derived from combined survey locations.
The share of trips in Ghumarwin, rest of Himachal Pradesh and Out of Himachal Pradesh by mode is given
in Table 5-11.
Table 5-11: Distribution of Trips
Location Vehicle Type Amb-Gagret Himachal
Pradesh
Out of Himachal
Pradesh
Grand Total
Point -1 -Amb Car 11.27% 24.55% 6.68% 42.50%
Taxi 0.54% 2.10% 2.25% 4.90%
Mini Bus 0.00% 0.39% 0.23% 0.62%
Standard Bus 0.00% 0.23% 0.54% 0.78%
LCV 0.08% 0.16% 0.08% 0.31%
Truck 1.17% 2.25% 0.85% 4.27%
Total 13.05% 29.68% 10.64% 53.38%
Point -2-Gagret Car 4.12% 7.61% 13.13% 24.86%
Taxi 0.47% 3.11% 7.61% 11.19%
Mini Bus 0.31% 0.31% 0.31% 0.93%
Standard Bus 0.93% 1.17% 0.54% 2.64%
LCV 0.93% 1.94% 1.17% 4.04%
Truck 0.93% 1.01% 1.01% 2.95%
Total 7.69% 15.15% 23.78% 46.62%
Grand Total 20.75% 44.83% 34.42% 100.00%
On the basis of O-D matrices, travel pattern of the vehicles moving in study area are estimated and
presented in the form of OD Desire line. The desire line diagrams are given in Figure 5-14 to Figure 5-29.
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Figure 5-14: Desire Line Diagram in Car at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-15: Desire Line Diagram in Taxi at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-16: Desire Line Diagram in Mini Bus at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-17: Desire Line Diagram in Standard Bus at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-18: Desire Line Diagram in LCV at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-19: Desire Line Diagram in Truck at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-20: Desire Line Diagram in Total Passenger at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-21: Desire Line Diagram in Total Goods at Survey Point -I
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Figure 5-22: Desire Line Diagram in Car at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-23: Desire Line Diagram in Taxi at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-24: Desire Line Diagram in Mini Bus at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-25: Desire Line Diagram in Standard Bus at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-26: Desire Line Diagram in LCV at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-27: Desire Line Diagram in Truck at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-28: Desire Line Diagram in Total Passenger at Survey Point -II
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Figure 5-29: Desire Line Diagram in Total Goods at Survey Point -II
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5.8.5 Trip Purpose
The trip purposes of passengers as revealed during the OD survey have been tabulated in Table 5-12. The
religious/ tours trips, social and work trips observed are maximum.
Table 5-12: Trip purposes of passenger vehicles (%age)
Location Trip Purpose Car Taxi Mini Bus Standard
Bus
Grand
Total
Point -1 -Amb Work 11.34% 0.26% 0.00% 0.00% 11.60%
Business 0.88% 0.26% 0.00% 0.09% 1.23%
Social 13.97% 0.97% 0.26% 0.53% 15.73%
Recreation 15.64% 3.25% 0.44% 0.00% 19.33%
Medical 0.44% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.44%
Religious 4.66% 0.79% 0.00% 0.26% 5.71%
Shopping 1.14% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 1.14%
Total 48.07% 5.54% 0.70% 0.88% 55.18%
Point -2-Garget Work 5.98% 1.41% 0.35% 0.62% 8.35%
Business 0.70% 0.09% 0.00% 0.00% 0.79%
Social 4.39% 2.64% 0.09% 0.44% 7.56%
Recreation 1.49% 1.23% 0.09% 0.79% 3.60%
Medical 2.28% 0.79% 0.26% 0.09% 3.43%
Religious 11.16% 6.24% 0.09% 0.88% 18.37%
Shopping 2.11% 0.26% 0.18% 0.18% 2.72%
Total 28.12% 12.65% 1.05% 2.99% 44.82%
Grand Total 76.19% 18.19% 1.76% 3.87% 100.00%
5.8.6 Commodity Groups and Analysis
The different commodities recorded during the O – D survey have been classified into 12 categories as
presented in Table 5-13. Due consideration has been given to include possible commodities and to
categorize them into homogeneous groups.
Table 5-13: Classification of commodities
Code Commodity
1 FOOD GRAINS / PULSES & SPICES
2 MILK, FRUITS & VEGETABLES
3 PROCESSED /PACKAGED FOOD / EDIBLE OIL
4 Cloths/ FIBRES
5 PETROLEIM PRODUCTS / HSD / PETROL
6 MINERALS and ORES
7 IRON & STEEL (ALUMINUM or METAL ) ROD / BARS / SHEETS
8 TIMBER / WOOD and PRODUCTS
9 AUTOMOBILES & AUTO SPARE PARTS
10 BUILDING MATERIALS
11 CEMENT
12 OTHERS
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The commodity movement pattern at all locations is analyzed and commodity movement pattern has
been presented in Table 5-14.
Table 5-14: Commodity movement Pattern (In %)
Location Commodity
Code
Commodity Category LCV Truck Grand Total
Point -1 -
Amb
1 Food grains / pulses & spices 0.67% 6.71% 7.38%
2 Milk, fruits & vegetables 0.00% 2.68% 2.68%
3 Processed /packaged food / edible oil 0.67% 10.74% 11.41%
4 Cloths/ Fibres 0.00% 1.34% 1.34%
5 Petroleum products / HSD / petrol 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
6 Minerals and ores 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
7 Iron & steel (aluminum or metal ) rod / bars
/ sheets
0.67% 1.34% 2.01%
8 Timber / wood and products 0.00% 4.70% 4.70%
9 Automobiles & auto spare parts 0.67% 0.67% 1.34%
10 Building materials 0.00% 1.34% 1.34%
11 Cement 0.00% 4.03% 4.03%
12 Others 0.00% 3.36% 3.36%
2.68% 36.91% 39.60%
Total
Point -2-
Garget
1 Food grains / pulses & spices 4.70% 3.36% 8.05%
2 Milk, fruits & vegetables 3.36% 4.03% 7.38%
3 Processed /packaged food / edible oil 1.34% 2.01% 3.36%
4 Cloths/ Fibres 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
5 Petroleum products / HSD / petrol 2.01% 2.68% 4.70%
6 Minerals and ores 0.00% 1.34% 1.34%
7 Iron & steel (aluminum or metal ) rod / bars
/ sheets
0.67% 0.00% 0.67%
8 Timber / wood and products 5.37% 4.03% 9.40%
9 Automobiles & auto spare parts 0.00% 0.67% 0.67%
10 Building materials 12.75% 2.01% 14.77%
11 Cement 4.70% 1.34% 6.04%
12 Others 0.00% 4.03% 4.03%
Total 34.90% 25.50% 60.40%
Grand Total 37.58% 62.42% 100.00%
F o the ta les a o e it’s uite lea that e e t, uildi g ate ial a d ti e / ood p odu ts sha e predominantly transported in study area.
5.8.7 Occupancy of Passenger Vehicles
The average occupancy of the passenger vehicles on project road have been analyzed and given in Table
5-15.
Table 5-15: Average Occupancy in Study Area
Mode Cars Taxi Mini Bus Standard Bus
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Avg. Occupancy 3 4 7 10
5.8.8 Average Trip Length for Passenger Vehicles
Average trip lengths of passenger vehicles on project road have been calculated and given in Table 5-16.
Table 5-16: Average Trip Length of Passenger Vehicles on Project Road (in KM)
Mode Cars Taxi Mini Bus Standard Bus
Avg. Trip Length 78 153 156 123
5.8.9 Average Trip Length for Good Vehicles
Average trip length of goods vehicles on project road have been calculated and given in Table 5-17.
Table 5-17: Average Trip Length on Project Road (in KM)
Mode LCV Truck
Avg. Trip Length 125 110
Traffic Growth Rates
5.9.1 Project Influence Area
A study of the socio-economic profiles of the region comprising the project influence area (PIA) provides
an overview of the factors likely to influence the pattern of economic development and hence the flows
and volumes of traffic on the proposed Highway. The details include population, Per-capita Income, NSDP,
GDP and targeted growth rates of the economy. The profiles help to generate basic inputs for the
estimation of future growth in transport demand on the basis of past scenarios, perspective changes in
t a spo t de a d elasti it s a d e o o i g o th rates.
5.9.2 Projected Traffic Growth Rates
As a usual planning practice, the growth potential of passenger traffic in a zone depends on its population
and economic growth rates. Therefore, both these parameters have been incorporated in forecasting of
passenger traffic. Further, taking into account the fact that the different modes of passenger traffic grow
at different rate, the elasticity (as discussed earlier) with respect to population and income growth rates
is graded differently by different modes.
Growth pote tial of goods t affi is diffe e t f o passe ge t affi . This is o e di e tl elated to zo e s economic activity and production levels than its population and income growth, although the latter may
strongly correlate with the former, especially the income growth.
Design traffic has been estimated as per IRC: SP: 73- Ma ual of “ta da ds a d “pe ifi atio s fo T o La i g of Natio al High a s o B.O.T Basis . As pe Clause . . of I‘C: “P: -2007, the traffic growth
rate shall be the highest of the following
a) 5% per annum for all vehicles categories
b) Trend growth of various vehicle categories
c) Growth determined from secondary socio-economic data and elasticity factors.
In the absence of year wise vehicle registration data & statistical data 5% growth rate is assumed as per
standard.
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5.9.3 Final Adopted Growth Rates for Design
The adopted growth rates for design is the highest of the following
(i) Estimated volume traffic growth rate for each vehicle types from the above method
(ii) 5% per annum for vehicle types
The final adopted growths rates for design are presented in Table 5-18.
Table 5-18: Final Traffic Growth rates (%)
Sr. No. Vehicle Type Final Traffic Growth Rates (%)
2013-2020 2021-2025 2026-2030 Beyond 2030
1) Cars 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
2) Two Wheelers 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
3) Buses 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
4) LCV 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
5) 2-Axle Trucks 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
6) 3-Axle Trucks 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
7) MAV 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
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Traffic Forecast
5.10.1 Traffic on Project Road
Traffic projection for the project road is calculated at Two locations up to the year 2036 and shown in
below Table 5-19. It includes both direction of the traffic. Vehicle wise projected traffic has been shown
in Annexure 1.9 to 1.12.
Table 5-19: Projected Normal/Total Traffic AADT (PCU)
Year Dangar Bus Stop, (Survey Point I) Kankroda Bus Stop (Survey Point II)
Nos. PCU Nos. PCU
2017 9233 9460 3316 3598
2018 9695 9933 3482 3777
2019 10180 10430 3656 3966
2020 10689 10951 3839 4165
2021 11223 11499 4031 4373
2022 11784 12074 4233 4591
2023 12374 12678 4444 4821
2024 12992 13311 4666 5062
2025 13642 13977 4900 5315
2026 14324 14676 5145 5581
2027 15040 15410 5402 5860
2028 15792 16180 5672 6153
2029 16582 16989 5956 6461
2030 17411 17839 6253 6784
2031 18281 18730 6566 7123
2032 19195 19667 6894 7479
2033 20155 20650 7239 7853
2034 21163 21683 7601 8246
2035 22221 22767 7981 8658
2036 23332 23905 8380 9091
Conclusions & Recommendations
1) AADT (PCU) is ranging at 2 count stations of 12 hours is 9460PCU at Amb on NH-3 and
3598PCU at Gagret on NH-3. The classified directional traffic observed at each count
location.
2) Composition of cars and two wheelers is very high than any other mode of transport at
each road.
3) High numbers of LCV & Trucks also moving at Amb locations on National Highway-3
4) Capacity Augmentation and proposals in development area are: -
A. At NH-3 Amb area present traffic numbers show need of 4 Lane two-way road
in next 2years in year 2019 as per IRC notification (crossing 10000 PCU).
However, this is urban hilly road so due to limitations of widening, a bypass
proposal can be given for this area. Reasons for proposing bypass and other
proposals are given below: -
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i. Amb is highly dense residential as well as commercial area.
ii. All commercial activities are ongoing at road due to which high
movement of local traffic.
iii. As per traffic number existing road need to widen upto four lane
paved shoulder with footpath.
iv. Available ROW of NH-3 Amb area is 15m, which is not sufficient for
four lane two-way road.
v. Proposal of 20m ROW for this both side built area, which is not
possible in this area due to area constraint.
vi. Considering all scenario existing road proposal for two lane paved
shoulder with footpath and utility corridor.
vii. A bypass proposed from Pakka Parok Chowk (Una Side) to Kalruhi Bus
Stop Schowk (Kangra Side) for Abm area to avoid this built-up area.
viii. Good number of traffic is movement between Amb - Gagret area
which is presently using NH-3. Traffic coming from Gagret going
towards Una or vice versa using NH-3 which is additional traffic on
NH-3.
ix. To avoid this traffic proposal of 2-lane paved shoulder direct link from
Gagret Chowk to Amb Chowk. For that proposal of bridge at Swan
River in Andora Lower Village to join the link.
x. At junction of SH-25, NH-503 & NH-3 (Mubarikpur Chowk) due to
proposal of commercial area, multi-level parking and junction
development has been proposed.
xi. At NH-3 & NH-503 junction (Amb Chowk) in Amb due to high built-up
area local traffic (vehicular as well as pedestrian) will also add in
highway traffic which will further create the congestion at that
location and create accidental prone zone specially for pedestrian due
to unavailable of ROW at that area.
xii. At National Highway proposal of various types of development nodes
for commercial activities will generate additional traffic (vehicular as
well as pedestrian) at highway which will again create congestion at
highway and create accidental prone zone.
xiii. High through traffic will create issues (Jam situation & accident-prone
zone) in local area which can be avoided.
xiv. To give preference and facilities to local traffic (mainly pedestrian) a
bypass proposal should be considered for that area.
B. At NH-3 in Gagret area traffic numbers shows need of two lane paved
shoulder with footpath. And existing ROW (12m-15m) of this area is sufficient
for this.
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C. At junction of SH-25, NH-503 & NH-3 (Mubarikpur Chowk) due to proposal of
commercial area, multi-level parking and junction development has been
proposed.
D. Due to highly congested area proposal of shifting of Amb City Bus Station.
Existing bus station is in built-up area at Amb location area which create
congestion of traffic and create accidental prone zone. So, shifting of bus
station at proposed bypass and link road junction in Andora Lower Village
which is 1km far from railway station.
E. For local transportation proposal of IPT services in built-up area, near bus
station and new proposed development nodes to ease the movement.
F. However typical cross section for our study area is given in Figure 5.1 to 5.5.
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Figure 5-30: TCS Type 1
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Figure 5-31: TCS Type 2
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Figure 5-32: TCS Type 3
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Figure 5-33: TCS Type 4
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T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 5-34: TCS Type 5
AMB-GAGRET 95
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Annexure 1.1
Location: Survey Point-I
Direction: Both Direction
AVERAGE OF SEVEN DAYS
Time
interval
Ca
r/ J
ee
p/V
an
Uti
lity
Ve
hic
les
Tw
o w
he
ele
r
3w
h(p
ass
)
Min
ibu
s
Sta
nd
ard
Bu
s
3w
h(G
oo
ds)
LCV
Tru
cks
Tra
cto
r
Tra
cto
r w
ith
Tra
ile
r
Cy
cle
Cy
cle
Ric
ksh
aw
An
ima
l ca
rt
Oth
ers
Pa
sse
ng
er
Ve
hic
les
Fre
igh
t V
eh
icle
s
To
tal
Fa
st
Mo
vin
g V
eh
icle
s
To
tal
Slo
w
Mo
vin
g V
eh
icle
s
To
tal
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
PC
U
9:00-10:00 352 205 433 6 22 65 0 80 61 4 10 7 - - 1 1,090 157 1,239 7 1,246 1,329
10:00-11:00 301 174 421 6 13 48 - 84 64 4 10 7 - - 1 971 163 1,127 7 1,134 1,191
11:00-12:00 293 127 425 4 15 44 5 82 49 4 7 4 - - 1 912 148 1,056 4 1,060 1,066
12:00-1:00 319 140 435 12 13 44 11 75 48 3 15 3 - - - 966 152 1,115 3 1,118 1,142
1:00-2:00 312 101 407 9 7 37 1 56 45 3 7 4 - - 0 878 113 987 4 991 981
2:00-3:00 277 100 361 3 6 36 - 64 42 3 8 7 - - 0 789 117 899 7 906 911
3:00-4:00 322 94 411 2 8 48 0 59 43 1 9 6 - - 0 891 113 998 6 1,004 1,014
4:00-5:00 310 114 405 3 4 48 1 62 46 4 8 11 - - - 895 121 1,004 11 1,015 1,026
5:00-6:00 269 93 265 2 2 33 1 37 45 4 5 3 - - - 667 91 756 3 758 800
Total 2755 1149 3563 47 90 403 19 599 443 31 79 52 0 0 4 8059 1175 9181 52 9233 9460
AMB-GAGRET 96
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
DAILY WISE BOTH DIRECTION
Location: Survey Point I
Tim
e i
nte
rva
l
Ca
r/ J
ee
p/V
an
Uti
lity
Ve
hic
les
Tw
o w
he
ele
r
3w
h(p
ass
)
Min
ibu
s
Sta
nd
ard
Bu
s
3w
h(G
oo
ds)
LCV
Tru
cks
Tra
cto
r
Tra
cto
r w
ith
T
rail
er
Cy
cle
Cy
cle
Ric
ksh
aw
An
ima
l ca
rt
Oth
ers
Pa
sse
ng
er
Ve
hic
les
Fre
igh
t V
eh
icle
s
To
tal
Fa
st M
ov
ing
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
Slo
w M
ov
ing
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
PC
U
Date: 12/01/2017 3053 1382 4154 53 159 395 8 680 393 29 94 49 0 0 8 9245 1212 10408 49 10457 10371
Date:13/01/2017 2422 708 2848 30 48 385 7 448 317 10 59 66 0 0 3 6507 844 7285 66 7351 7540
Date:14/01/2017 2789 1357 3688 57 63 428 43 668 619 55 83 42 0 0 0 8424 1468 9850 42 9892 10471
ADT (Mubarikpur
to Amb)
1401 620 1909 24 59 241 17 382 225 22 43 32 0 0 3 4286 693 4947 32 4979 5140
ADT (Amb to
Mubarikpur)
1354 529 1655 23 31 162 3 216 218 8 35 20 0 0 0 3773 480 4233 20 4253 4318
ADT 2755 1149 3563 47 90 403 19 599 443 31 79 52 0 0 4 8059 1175 9181 52 9233 9460
AADT 2755 1149 3563 47 90 403 19 599 443 31 79 52 0 0 4 8059 1175 9181 52 9233 9460
AMB-GAGRET 97
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Annexure 1.2
Location: Survey Point II
Direction: Both Direction
AVERAGE OF SEVEN DAYS
Tim
e i
nte
rva
l
Ca
r/ J
ee
p/V
an
Uti
lity
Ve
hic
les
Tw
o w
he
ele
r
3w
h(p
ass
)
Min
ibu
s
Sch
oo
l B
us
3w
h(G
oo
ds)
4W
he
ele
r G
oo
ds
Tru
cks
Tra
cto
r
Tra
cto
r w
ith
T
rail
er
Cy
cle
Cy
cle
Ric
ksh
aw
An
ima
l ca
rt
Oth
ers
Pa
sse
ng
er
Ve
hic
les
Fre
igh
t V
eh
icle
s
To
tal
Fa
st M
ov
ing
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
Slo
w M
ov
ing
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
PC
U
9:00-10:00 149 23 83 1 2 21 - 19 14 0 2 2 - - - 281 35 313 2 315 349
10:00-11:00 188 21 86 1 1 23 - 11 15 1 3 2 - - - 323 29 350 2 352 394
11:00-12:00 192 18 118 - 3 21 0 13 11 1 2 1 - - - 353 27 379 1 380 391
12:00-1:00 176 28 103 1 1 23 1 17 20 0 3 0 - - - 332 41 373 0 374 420
1:00-2:00 91 10 47 0 1 6 - 5 8 - 1 1 - - - 155 14 168 1 169 177
2:00-3:00 220 26 107 1 1 27 0 21 21 1 2 1 - - - 382 45 427 1 428 478
3:00-4:00 249 27 104 1 1 22 - 17 26 - 1 1 - - - 405 43 447 1 448 493
4:00-5:00 260 34 113 1 4 18 - 20 21 1 2 0 - - - 430 43 473 0 473 502
5:00-6:00 160 43 111 1 - 16 - 27 15 2 3 0 - - - 331 46 377 0 377 394
Total 1685 231 872 7 14 175 1 149 150 6 17 9 0 0 0 2992 324 3308 9 3316 3598
AMB-GAGRET 98
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
DAILY WISE BOTH DIRECTION
Location: Survey Point II
Tim
e i
nte
rva
l
Ca
r/ J
ee
p/V
an
Uti
lity
Ve
hic
les
Tw
o w
he
ele
r
3w
h(p
ass
)
Min
ibu
s
Sch
oo
l B
us
3w
h(G
oo
ds)
4W
he
ele
r G
oo
ds
Tru
cks
Tra
cto
r
Tra
cto
r w
ith
Tra
ile
r
Cy
cle
Cy
cle
Ric
ksh
aw
An
ima
l ca
rt
Oth
ers
Pa
sse
ng
er
Ve
hic
les
Fre
igh
t V
eh
icle
s
To
tal
Fa
st M
ov
ing
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
Slo
w M
ov
ing
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
PC
U
Date: 12/01/2017 1355 295 844 6 19 190 1 159 159 6 12 8 0 0 0 2717 337 3046 8 3054 3381
Date: 13/01/2017 1333 190 776 4 7 164 1 128 148 3 19 13 0 0 0 2487 299 2773 13 2786 3087
Date: 14/01/2017 2366 208 995 11 17 171 2 161 144 8 21 5 0 0 0 3773 336 4104 5 4109 4325
ADT (Hoshiarpur
to Gagret)
882 110 503 5 9 89 1 57 65 4 10 3 0 0 0 1601 138 1736 3 1739 1836
ADT (Gagret to
Hoshiarpur)
803 121 368 2 5 86 0 92 85 2 7 6 0 0 0 1391 186 1571 6 1577 1761
ADT 1685 231 872 7 14 175 1 149 150 6 17 9 0 0 0 2992 324 3308 9 3316 3598
AADT 1685 231 872 7 14 175 1 149 150 6 17 9 0 0 0 2992 324 3308 9 3316 3598
AMB-GAGRET 99
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Annexure 1.5
O – D Matrices
Location: Survey Point - I
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
Vehicle Type: 1 Cars
1 0 255 47 123 9 92 23 0 0 0 44 0 595
2 362 0 0 48 0 91 11 5 5 0 0 0 521
3 57 0 0 5 0 20 0 0 14 5 5 0 107
4 184 42 9 0 5 37 0 0 5 5 41 5 335
5 42 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 5 5 0 69
6 77 166 9 36 0 0 9 5 19 0 152 14 488
7 21 28 9 0 0 22 0 0 5 31 25 0 141
8 5 14 0 0 5 5 11 0 5 5 14 5 70
9 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 9
10 0 9 19 5 23 0 42 0 0 0 29 9 136
11 82 5 0 5 5 103 5 31 11 15 0 0 260
12 5 0 0 0 0 11 0 0 5 0 0 0 21
Grand Total 836 519 94 221 51 398 101 42 69 68 316 38 2753
Vehicle Type: 2 Taxi
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 70
2 102 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 102
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 0 16 0 60
4 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 16 80
5 32 0 22 0 0 32 16 0 0 22 0 0 124
6 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 38
7 60 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 16 108
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 22
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 16
10 0 44 0 0 110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 154
11 48 0 32 38 0 152 0 16 44 0 0 0 329
AMB-GAGRET 100
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
12 0 0 0 0 0 32 0 16 0 0 0 0 48
Grand Total 289 120 54 54 110 215 76 32 44 38 86 32 1149
Vehicle Type: 3 M. Bus
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 22
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10
7 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10
11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 0 0 0 0 0 23 0 0 0 0 0 0 23
Grand Total 23 0 0 0 21 23 0 0 0 0 22 0 90
Vehicle Type: 4 S. Bus
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 61
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 20 0 20 0 40 0 0 0 0 20 101
11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121 0 0 0 0 121
12 0 0 0 121 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121
Grand Total 0 20 20 121 20 0 40 121 0 0 0 61 403
AMB-GAGRET 101
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Vehicle_Type_p Total Passenger
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 309 47 123 9 92 23 0 0 0 60 0 664
2 475 0 0 48 0 91 11 5 5 0 0 0 635
3 57 0 0 5 0 20 44 0 14 5 21 0 167
4 232 42 9 0 15 37 0 0 5 5 69 21 437
5 74 0 22 0 0 48 16 0 0 28 5 0 193
6 77 209 9 36 0 0 9 5 19 0 178 54 597
7 93 28 9 16 0 22 0 0 5 47 25 16 260
8 5 14 0 0 5 5 11 0 5 5 36 5 92
9 0 0 0 0 5 0 16 0 0 0 0 5 25
10 0 53 40 5 164 0 82 0 0 0 29 30 402
11 130 5 32 43 5 255 5 168 55 15 0 0 710
12 5 0 0 121 0 66 0 16 5 0 0 0 213
Grand Total 1148 660 168 395 202 637 217 194 113 106 424 130 4395
Vehicle Type: 1 LMV
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108
2 191 0 0 0 0 191 0 0 0 0 0 0 382
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 108
11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 191 108 0 0 0 191 0 0 0 0 0 108 599
Vehicle Type: 2 Truck
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
AMB-GAGRET 102
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
1 0 19 19 0 0 38 9 0 0 0 7 0 92
2 28 0 0 0 0 21 0 7 0 0 0 0 56
3 14 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 35
4 0 28 0 0 0 14 19 0 0 0 0 0 61
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 7 0 0 0 24
7 14 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 14 0 9 0 52
8 0 19 7 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 35
9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
10 0 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19
11 21 0 0 0 0 9 0 14 7 0 0 0 52
12 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Grand Total 84 85 42 0 0 118 47 21 28 0 17 0 443
Vehicle_Type_g Total Goods
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 127 19 0 0 38 9 0 0 0 7 0 200
2 219 0 0 0 0 212 0 7 0 0 0 0 439
3 14 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 35
4 0 28 0 0 0 14 19 0 0 0 0 0 61
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6 7 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 7 0 0 0 24
7 14 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 14 0 9 0 52
8 0 19 7 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 35
9 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
10 0 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 108 127
11 21 0 0 0 0 9 0 14 7 0 0 0 52
12 0 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Grand Total 276 193 42 0 0 309 47 21 28 0 17 108 1042
AMB-GAGRET 103
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Annexure 1.6
O – D Matrices
Location: Survey Point - II
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
Vehicle Type: 1 Cars
1 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 58 0 63
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 58 0 58
3 0 0 0 5 0 11 0 0 0 5 195 0 216
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 0 48
5 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 206 0 222
6 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 37 0 48
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 95 0 95
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 42 0 47
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
11 53 53 137 63 341 16 142 74 0 5 0 0 882
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 53 53 137 74 347 37 147 84 5 11 739 0 1685
Vehicle Type: 2 Taxi
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 5
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 13
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44 0 44
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 23 0 26
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 8 0 10
AMB-GAGRET 104
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
11 2 3 5 6 51 5 27 14 0 0 0 0 112
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 2 3 7 6 51 5 30 14 0 3 111 0 231
Vehicle Type: 3 M. Bus
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 3
11 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 0 0 6 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 5 0 14
Vehicle Type: 4 S. Bus
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3
3 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 29 0 38
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 13
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 13
AMB-GAGRET 105
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 10
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 0 0 25 0 38 13 13 0 0 0 0 0 89
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 0 0 25 0 38 22 13 0 0 0 77 0 175
Vehicle_Type_p Total Passenger
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 3 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 61 0 69
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 0 74
3 0 0 0 5 0 20 0 0 0 5 236 0 267
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 59 0 59
5 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5 5 0 264 0 279
6 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 45 0 56
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 132 0 134
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 60 0 68
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
10 0 0 0 0 5 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 9
11 55 56 173 69 431 33 181 87 0 5 0 0 1089
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 55 56 175 79 436 64 193 98 5 13 932 0 2105
Vehicle Type: 1 LMV
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 12
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 5
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0 17
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2
AMB-GAGRET 106
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36 0 36
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 12
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2
10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 12 4 4 0 4 0 25 8 0 0 0 0 57
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 12 4 4 0 4 0 25 8 0 0 92 0 149
Vehicle Type: 2 Truck
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38 0 38
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 13
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 13
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6
10 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
11 6 6 12 6 6 0 24 0 0 0 0 0 59
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 6 6 12 6 6 6 24 0 0 0 85 0 150
Vehicle_Type_g Total Goods
Origin/ Destination 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Grand Total
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 12
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 8
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 55 0 55
4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6
5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9
AMB-GAGRET 107
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 6
7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 49 0 49
8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25 0 25
9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 9
10 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
11 18 10 16 6 10 0 48 8 0 0 0 0 117
12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Grand Total 18 10 16 6 10 6 48 8 0 0 177 0 300
AMB-GAGRET 108
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Annexure 1.9
Projected Normal/Total Traffic AADT (PCU) at Survey Point –I (Mubarikpur to Amb(Point I))
Year
Ca
r/ J
ee
p/V
an
Uti
lity
Ve
hic
les
Tw
o w
he
ele
r
3w
h(p
ass
)
Min
ibu
s
Sta
nd
ard
Bu
s
3w
h(G
oo
ds)
LCV
Tru
cks
Tra
cto
r
Tra
cto
r w
ith
Tra
ile
r
Cy
cle
Cy
cle
Ric
ksh
aw
An
ima
l ca
rt
Oth
ers
To
tal
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
PC
U
2017 2755 1149 3563 47 90 403 19 599 443 31 79 52 0 0 4 9233 9460
2018 2892 1206 3742 49 95 423 20 629 465 33 83 55 0 0 4 9695 9933
2019 3037 1267 3929 51 99 444 21 660 488 35 87 58 0 0 4 10180 10430
2020 3189 1330 4125 54 104 466 22 693 513 36 91 61 0 0 4 10689 10951
2021 3348 1397 4331 57 109 489 23 728 538 38 96 64 0 0 4 11223 11499
2022 3516 1466 4548 60 115 514 25 764 565 40 100 67 0 0 5 11784 12074
2023 3692 1540 4775 63 121 540 26 802 594 42 105 70 0 0 5 12374 12678
2024 3876 1617 5014 66 127 567 27 842 623 44 111 74 0 0 5 12992 13311
2025 4070 1698 5265 69 133 595 29 885 655 46 116 77 0 0 5 13642 13977
2026 4273 1782 5528 72 140 625 30 929 687 49 122 81 0 0 6 14324 14676
2027 4487 1872 5804 76 147 656 31 975 722 51 128 85 0 0 6 15040 15410
2028 4711 1965 6095 80 154 689 33 1024 758 54 135 90 0 0 6 15792 16180
2029 4947 2063 6399 84 162 723 35 1075 796 56 141 94 0 0 7 16582 16989
2030 5194 2167 6719 88 170 759 36 1129 835 59 148 99 0 0 7 17411 17839
2031 5454 2275 7055 92 178 797 38 1185 877 62 156 104 0 0 7 18281 18730
2032 5727 2389 7408 97 187 837 40 1245 921 65 164 109 0 0 8 19195 19667
2033 6013 2508 7778 102 196 879 42 1307 967 68 172 114 0 0 8 20155 20650
2034 6314 2634 8167 107 206 923 44 1372 1015 72 180 120 0 0 8 21163 21683
2035 6629 2765 8576 112 217 969 47 1441 1066 75 189 126 0 0 9 22221 22767
2036 6961 2903 9004 118 227 1018 49 1513 1119 79 199 132 0 0 9 23332 23905
2037 7309 3049 9455 124 239 1068 51 1588 1175 83 209 139 0 0 10 24499 25101
2038 7674 3201 9927 130 251 1122 54 1668 1234 87 219 146 0 0 10 25724 26356
2039 8058 3361 10424 137 263 1178 57 1751 1296 92 230 153 0 0 11 27010 27673
2040 8461 3529 10945 143 276 1237 59 1839 1361 96 242 161 0 0 11 28360 29057
2041 8884 3706 11492 151 290 1299 62 1931 1429 101 254 169 0 0 12 29778 30510
AMB-GAGRET 109
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
2042 9328 3891 12067 158 305 1364 65 2027 1500 106 266 177 0 0 12 31267 32035
2043 9795 4085 12670 166 320 1432 69 2129 1575 111 280 186 0 0 13 32831 33637
2044 10284 4290 13304 174 336 1503 72 2235 1654 117 294 195 0 0 14 34472 35319
2045 10799 4504 13969 183 353 1579 76 2347 1737 123 308 205 0 0 14 36196 37085
2046 11339 4729 14667 192 370 1657 80 2464 1823 129 324 215 0 0 15 38006 38939
2047 11906 4966 15401 202 389 1740 84 2587 1915 135 340 226 0 0 16 39906 40886
2048 12501 5214 16171 212 408 1827 88 2717 2010 142 357 237 0 0 17 41901 42931
2049 13126 5475 16979 222 429 1919 92 2853 2111 149 375 249 0 0 17 43996 45077
2050 13782 5749 17828 233 450 2015 97 2995 2216 157 394 262 0 0 18 46196 47331
AMB-GAGRET 110
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Annexure 1.10
Projected Normal/Total Traffic AADT (PCU) at Survey Point No. – II (Hoshiarpur- Gagret (Point-II))
Ye
ar
Car/
Jeep
/Van
Uti
lity
Veh
icle
s
Tw
o w
heele
r
3w
h(p
ass)
Min
ibu
s
Sta
nd
ard
Bu
s
3w
h(G
oo
ds)
LC
V
Tru
cks
Tra
cto
r
Tra
cto
r w
ith
Tra
ile
r
Cycle
Cycle
Ric
ksh
aw
An
imal
cart
Oth
ers
To
tal
Ve
hic
les
To
tal
PC
U
2017 1685 231 872 7 14 175 1 149 150 6 17 9 0 0 0 3316 3598
2018 1769 243 915 7 15 184 1 157 158 6 18 9 0 0 0 3482 3777
2019 1857 255 961 8 16 193 1 165 166 6 19 10 0 0 0 3656 3966
2020 1950 267 1009 8 17 203 2 173 174 7 20 10 0 0 0 3839 4165
2021 2048 281 1060 9 17 213 2 182 183 7 21 11 0 0 0 4031 4373
2022 2150 295 1112 9 18 223 2 191 192 7 22 11 0 0 0 4233 4591
2023 2258 310 1168 9 19 235 2 200 201 8 23 12 0 0 0 4444 4821
2024 2370 325 1227 10 20 246 2 210 212 8 24 12 0 0 0 4666 5062
2025 2489 341 1288 10 21 259 2 221 222 8 26 13 0 0 0 4900 5315
2026 2613 358 1352 11 22 271 2 232 233 9 27 13 0 0 0 5145 5581
2027 2744 376 1420 11 23 285 2 243 245 9 28 14 0 0 0 5402 5860
2028 2881 395 1491 12 25 299 2 255 257 10 30 15 0 0 0 5672 6153
2029 3025 415 1565 13 26 314 2 268 270 10 31 16 0 0 0 5956 6461
2030 3177 436 1644 13 27 330 3 282 283 11 33 16 0 0 0 6253 6784
2031 3336 457 1726 14 28 346 3 296 298 11 34 17 0 0 0 6566 7123
2032 3502 480 1812 15 30 364 3 310 313 12 36 18 0 0 0 6894 7479
2033 3677 504 1903 15 31 382 3 326 328 12 38 19 0 0 0 7239 7853
2034 3861 529 1998 16 33 401 3 342 345 13 40 20 0 0 0 7601 8246
2035 4054 556 2098 17 34 421 3 359 362 14 42 21 0 0 0 7981 8658
2036 4257 584 2203 18 36 442 3 377 380 14 44 22 0 0 0 8380 9091
2037 4470 613 2313 19 38 464 4 396 399 15 46 23 0 0 0 8799 9545
2038 4693 644 2428 20 40 488 4 416 419 16 48 24 0 0 0 9239 10023
AMB-GAGRET 111
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
2039 4928 676 2550 20 42 512 4 437 440 17 51 25 0 0 0 9701 10524
2040 5174 710 2677 22 44 538 4 459 462 17 53 27 0 0 0 10186 11050
2041 5433 745 2811 23 46 564 4 482 485 18 56 28 0 0 0 10696 11602
2042 5705 782 2952 24 49 593 5 506 509 19 59 29 0 0 0 11230 12182
2043 5990 821 3099 25 51 622 5 531 535 20 62 31 0 0 0 11792 12792
2044 6290 862 3254 26 54 653 5 558 561 21 65 32 0 0 0 12381 13431
2045 6604 906 3417 27 56 686 5 585 589 22 68 34 0 0 0 13000 14103
2046 6934 951 3588 29 59 720 5 615 619 23 71 36 0 0 0 13650 14808
2047 7281 998 3767 30 62 756 6 645 650 24 75 37 0 0 0 14333 15548
2048 7645 1048 3956 32 65 794 6 678 682 26 79 39 0 0 0 15050 16326
2049 8027 1101 4153 33 68 834 6 712 716 27 83 41 0 0 0 15802 17142
2050 8429 1156 4361 35 72 876 7 747 752 28 87 43 0 0 0 16592 17999
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
6. HOUSING Introduction
This chapter gives an overview of the housing infrastructure in Amb-Gagret Planning Area. This chapter
covers housing aspects such as housing typology that includes condition of houses, ownership status,
type of structure, use of structure & material used for construction, household size & dwelling rooms.
It also deals with housing infrastructure viz. public & semi-public facilities, commercial & convenience
shopping facilities, educational facilities, health facilities and recreational facilities.
Household and dwelling size
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the average household size is 4.7 persons per household which is lower
than the district average of 5.1 and state average of 5 in 2011. The household size varies from one
village to other from 4 to 5 persons per household.
More than 50 percent households have two to three dwelling rooms and nearly 20 percent households
have four to six dwelling rooms and rest 30 percent households reside in one dwelling room. This is
corresponding to the household size in the planning area.
Figure 6-1: Household size and dwelling rooms in revenue villages of Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011
Housing Typology
According to Census of India (2011) in Amb-Gagret Planning Area, there are 7,404 households out of
which 838 households live in urban area i.e. Gagret Nagar Panchayat. According to the Census records
(2011), the average household size in the Planning Area is 4.7 persons.
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Am
b
Pra
tap
Na
gar
He
era
Na
gar
Ad
arsh
Nag
ar
Ka
lru
hi
Ath
wa
n
An
do
ra N
ich
la
An
do
ra U
pp
erl
a
Tib
bi
Ka
nsh
i Pu
r
Shiv
Pu
r
Mu
ba
rk P
ur
Ram
pu
r
Ka
tau
har
Ka
lan
Ka
thau
ha
r K
hu
rd
Ku
the
ra
Am
bo
ta
Shiv
Ba
ri
Ram
Na
gar
Ga
gre
t
Kri
sha
n N
aga
r
Ind
ira
Nag
ar
De
v N
aga
r
Shas
tri N
aga
r
Bar
oh
Oya
l
Ka
loh
Ho
use
ho
ld S
ize
(in
no
.)
Dw
elli
ng
Ro
om
s (i
n %
)
One room Two rooms Three rooms Four rooms
Five rooms Six rooms and above HH Size Average HH Size
(Planning Area)
Average HH Size
(Una district)
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Table 6-1 Comparison of Census Houses with Population
State/District/Tehsil Population Household Total number of
Census Houses
(excluding
locked/vacant houses)
Number of Census
houses used as
residence &
residence-cum-other
use
Himachal Pradesh 68,64,602 14,76,581 25,75,947 14,73,570
Una District 5,21,173 1,09,699 1,77,834 1,09,504
Amb Tehsil 1,68,793 36,710 59,850 36,438
Gagret Nagar
Panchayat
3,847 838 1,754 866
Source: Primary Census Abstract for Una District, Table HH-4 & H-4, Census of India, 2011.
It is found that the number of census houses that are under the residential or residential-cum-other
use are less than the total number of households. It indicates that people are residing in institutional
as well as commercial areas of the District and Amb Tehsil. While the number of census houses under
residential or residential-cum-other use is in surplus in Gagret Nagar Panchayat.
Age of Structure
According to the primary survey conducted 83 % of the houses were built more than 10 years ago. Only
9 % of the houses are built between 2 to 5 years and 8% of the houses are built between 0 to 2 years.
Figure 6-2:Fig: Age of the structure in Amb gagaret planning area
Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011
Condition of housing
The condition of the houses in India is divided into three categories i.e. good, liveable and dilapidated.
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, on an average 72 percent of the houses are in good condition and 26
percent in liveable condition whereas only 2 percent houses are in dilapidated condition. Houses falling
under the category good is highe i u al a eas a d livable a d dilapidated houses are more in
urban areas than in rural area in the planning area.
83%
9%
8%
> 10
5 to 10
0 to 2
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 6-3: Urban-Rural distribution of houses based on
condition.
Figure 6-4: Housing Table HLPCA 02029
HH-14, Census of India, 2011
Source: Data taken from Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 and prepared by VSP
Figure 6-5: Condition of houses in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Data taken from Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 and prepared by VSP
In most of the revenue villages of Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the houses are in good condition but only
Shastri Nagar, the number of liveable houses are exceeding the number of good houses and in few
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Urban Rural Total
Cond
ition
of H
ouse
(in
%)
Good
Livable
Dilapidated
72%
26%
2%
Good
Livable
Dilapidated
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
villages i. e. Shastri Nagar, Shiv Pur and Kaloh, some percentage of houses can be seen in dilapidated
condition.
Structural use
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area as per the Census statistics (2011), the predominant use of structure is
residential i.e. 98 percent. A small percentage i.e. 2 percent structures are in mixed use.
Planning Area has majority of the structures in residential use and only a negligible percentage of
structures are in residential –cum-other use. Also, the structures having residential-cum-other use are
mainly located in rural areas than in urban areas.
It is noticed that in Amb-Gagret Planning Area, all the villages are having more than 98 percent of the
structures under residential use whereas there are few villages such as Rampur (12%), Tibbi (7%) and
Adarsh Nagar (4%) have structures under residential cum other. It is observed that the above
mentioned settlements located along the major transport corridor i.e. along the national highway (NH
70) or state highway (SH-25) and have their structures under mixed use. Such structures have the
ground and first floor under commercial use and remaining floors under residential use.
Figure 6-6: Location of villages showing mixed use of structures and major commercial establishments
Source: Data taken from Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 and analysed by VOYANTS
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Type of structures
Houses are classified33 as permanent, semi-permanent and temporary based on the type of material
used in construction of building, wall and roof. On an average, 85 percent of the houses in Amb-Gagret
Planning Area are permanent structures followed by 11 percent households have semi-permanent
structures and only 5 percent are temporary structures.
The temporary structures are those where the migrant labours reside. Majority of these structures can
be seen either close to the construction site and brick kiln or close to water body.
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the proportion of permanent structure is more in urban areas as
compared to permanent str uctures in rural areas. As far as semi-permanent structures are concerned,
they are more in rural areas than in urban areas. The proportion of temporary structures is also equal
in rural as well as urban areas in the Planning Area. High percentage of permanent structures and
owned structures in the Planning Area indicates that high proportion of the households are the natives
of this place.
Figure 6 7: Type of Structures in Amb-Gagret
Planning Area
Figure 6-7: Type of Structures in urban and rural areas in
Planning area
Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011
Building material used for construction
As per Census of India, building which has its wall made from stones (duly packed with lime or cement
mortar), galvanized iron/metal/asbestos sheets, burnt brick, cement bricks and concrete & roof mad e
from machine-made tiles, cement tiles, burnt bricks, cement bricks, stones, slate, galvanized
iron/metal/asbestos sheets, concrete is termed as pucca structures. The kutcha buildings are those
which has its wall and roof made of materials other than above mentioned materials i.e. unburnt bricks,
bamboos, mud, grass, reeds, thatch, plastic/polythene, loosely packed stone, etc.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Urban Rural Total
Stru
ctu
re ty
pe
(in
%)
Permanent Semi-Permanent Temporary
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Material used for Constructing Roof: According to Census records (2011), majority of the households
(76%) in Amb-Gagret Planning Area used concrete for constructing the roof of the house followed by
stone or slate (12%) and less than 10 percent of households used asbestos sheets (6%) and grass or
thatched material (4%). Small percentage i.e. only two percent households used other materials such
as plastic or polythene (1%) and handmade tiles (1%) for constructing the roof of their structure.
Material used for Constructing Wall: Nearly 84 percent of the households used burnt bricks, 12
percent mud or unburnt bricks, 2 percent stones packed with mortar, one percent stone not packed
with mortar and rest used concrete for constructing wall of their structure.
Material used for Constructing Floor: In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, nearly 62 percent structures have
cemented floor, 8 percent made the floor from stone followed by 3 percent who used mosaic or floor
tiles and rest one percent used other material for constructing floor in their structure.
The above analysis shows that in Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the share of pucca structures are
exceeding the kutcha structures.
Figure 6-8: Material used for constructing roof, wall and floor in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011
Material used for Roof Material used for Wall Material used for Floor
Concrete
76%
Stone/Slate
12%
G.I./Metal/Asbestos
6%
Grass/Thatch
4%
Plastic/Polythene
1%
Hand made Tiles
1%
Burnt Brick
84%
Mud/Unburnt
Brick
12%
Grass/Thatch/
Bamboo etc
2%
Concrete
1%
Stone not packed
with mortar
1%
Mud
26%
Cement
62%
Stone
8%
Mosaic/Floor Tiles
3%
Any other material
1%
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 6-9: Type of structures in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Data taken from Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 and analysed by VOYANTS
Ownership status
In the planning area, more than 80 percent of the households own houses. The rented structures are
existing in the villages that are either located close to Amb or are located along the major transport
corridor i.e. along National Highway (NH-70) and State Highway (SH-25). Due to the nearness to major
town and the presence of administrative offices, schools, colleges, health facilities and main market,
people prefer to live in villages such as Pratap Nagar, Heera Nagar, Adarsh Nagar and Tibbi as they have
availability of rented structures.
The percentage of houses owned are high in both urban and rural areas but comparatively it is higher
in rural areas than in urban. In terms of rented structures, it is found that rented structures exist in
both urban and rural areas but the proportion is comparatively higher in urban areas. It shows that
majority of households might be native of the Planning Area.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 6-10: Ownership status of households in
Planning Area Figure 6-11: Ownership status of Households for Urban
& Rural area Source: Data taken from Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 and analysed by VSP
Figure 6-12: Ownership status of households in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Data taken from Housing Table HLPCA 02029 HH-14, Census of India, 2011 and analysed by VOYANTS
87%
8%5%
Owned
Rented
Any Other
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Housing Infrastructure
6.10.1 Education
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, educational facilities are existing as per the planning norms. There are
25 pre-primary schools, 32 primary, 18 middle, 13 secondary and 11 senior secondary schools. In terms
of higher education facilities, there is Maharana Pratap Government Degree College in Amb and a
private degree college within the Planning Area.
6.10.2 Health
The Primary Health Centres are evenly distributed in the Planning Area. Besides this, there is a
government run allopathic hospital in Amb, namely, Government Hospital in which there are 2 doctors
and 5 para-medical staff in position.
6.10.3 Commercial
The main commercial activities are located along the national highway (NH-70) and state highway (SH-
25) in the planning area. Besides this, there are two main markets located at Amb and Gagret. Both of
these markets are located along the main transport network and are considered to be the main
markets as entire population of the planning area is dependent on these two markets. Apart from this,
there are local convenience shopping facility existing in each of the revenue village under the planning
area.
6.10.4 Parks and Playgrounds
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, there is only one ground i.e. Ram Leela Maidan where all the big events
during the festivals take place. Apart from this, there is no park but there are 13 sports fields located
within the Planning Area.
6.10.5 Other Facilities
a) Police Station: There are two Police Station located in Amb and Gagret town within the Amb-
Gagret Planning Area. The Police Station at Amb is a sub-divisional police station which is
catering to the population of Amb-Gagret Planning Area.
b) Fire Station: In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, there is no fire station However, the nearest fire
station is located at Rampur in Una town which is 33 km away from Amb and 35 km from
Gagret.
c) Disaster Management Cell: The Office of Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM) of Amb Sub-
Division has a Disaster Management Cell that looks after the disaster management in Amb-
Gagret Planning Area.
d) Community Centre: There are two community centres within the planning area and are
located at Baroh and Oyal.
e) Banking Facility: In terms of banking facilities, there are branches of nationalised banks.
State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank and Canara Bank are among the few of the
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
nationalised banks that are located within Amb-Gagret Planning Area. In addition, there are
four commercial banks, 13 co-operative banks and 17 Agricultural Credit Societies.
f) Post Office: Main post office is located outside the Planning Area at Una which is 33 kms
away from Amb. However, there are 13 sub-post offices located at Amb, Heera Nagar,
Kalruhi, Andora Upperla, Mubarak Pur, Katauhar Kalan, Kuthera, Ambota, Gagret, Indira
Nagar, Baroh, Oyal and Kaloh.
Housing Need
The demand of housing in the year 2036 is calculated on the basis of projected population, household
size and current housing shortage. The Amb gagret development plan 2036 proposes to facilitate the
provision of a fully serviced dwelling unit for each family and reduce the gap between housing shortage
and supply through suitable measures.
Table 6-2: Housing Forecast
Population 2011 38375
Population 2036 60000
Additional Population 2036 21625
Household Size 4.7
Present households 8245
Household Demand (2036) 12766
Total Housing Need 4521
Source: Estimation by Voyants, Gurugram, 2017
The forecast has been based on the following assumptions:
Anticipated population growth as per the growth rates assumed
Constant annual household formation rate for the entire Planning Area
Gives the details of housing needs every five years and shows the housing need zone wise.
Table 6-3: Year wise Housing Need
YEAR Present
population(2011)
Population Additional
Population
Avg HH Size Present
HH(2011)
HH
Demand
Housing
Need
2016 38375 41318 2943 4.7 8245 8791 546
2021 44538 6163 9476 1231
2026 48030 9655 10219 1974
2031 51796 13421 11020 2775
2036 60000 21625 12766 4521
TOTAL 4521
Source: Estimation by Voyants, 2017
Mandate of Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (HUPA)
In the above context, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation (HUPA) has developed the
following vision:
An equitable, inclusive and sustainable civic sensitive growth of towns and cities free from slums,
which provides means of productive employment, dignity and a decent quality of life to all
inhabitants, including the poor.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
A threefold purpose of the Ministry of HUPA, which is to be achieved in coordination and cooperation
with State Governments, Urban Local Bodies and other related Ministries, is mentioned below-
A. The creation of a slum-free India, by the up gradation, redevelopment and where there is no
alternative, relocation of all existing slums so as to provide access to basic civic amenities, shelter,
property and land titling and a decent quality of life to all slum dwellers. This is to be done
through the realignment of State policies, planning and institutional structures for urban
development, land use and town planning so that future urban growth accommodates the living
and working needs of the poor, within planned spaces.
B. The access to affordable housing for all and the creation of conditions that facilitate a continuous
addition of adequate serviced land and housing to meet the needs and aspirations of all urban
citizens.
C. and services relating to skill development, creation of livelihoods, social security and social
services including health and education, in order to address poverty in all its aspects, and to do so
in a transparent, participatory and citizen centric manner.
As part of the Millennium Development Goals, the implementation of the Jawaharlal Nehru National
Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), the revamping of the Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY)
and the Rajiv Awas Yojana (RAY) have been initiated. The focus of these goals is-
Inclusive and equitable urban planning.
Community voice and consensual decision-making.
Assignment of property rights to the urban poor.
Provision of basic services to the urban poor.
Financial inclusion of the urban poor.
Forging a role for the private sector in affordable housing.
Promoting gainful livelihoods for the urban poor.
Creating a reliable database on key urban poverty statistics.
Developing partnerships with the urban poor for upgrading and redevelopment of slums.
Urban Development being a State subject, it is up to the Himachal Pradesh State Government to
construct residential units and distribute them to Below Poverty Line families depending on their
priorities and available financial resources. However, under the Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP)
and the Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) - components of Jawaharlal
Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM), the Government of India provides additional
Central Assistance to States to undertake affordable housing and basic amenities to the urban poor.
Housing Strategy
Planning norms, land use zoning, density, FAR, and building controls have been reviewed for housing, both in
new areas to be opened up and for redevelopment of existing areas. In the context of housing strategy, it is
essential to optimise utilization of land and space with a view to increasing net residential density. The policy
should indicate that EWS & LIG houses after construction by a private group shall be handed over to the nodal
agency / agencies and these should be allotted to eligible beneficiaries.
There are some following aspects that should be focused for new public housing development –
Strategy for Land Assembly.
Finance and Incentives.
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Human Resource Management and E-governance.
PPP and PPPP model.
The traditional vernacular housing techniques of Himachal Pradesh addressing the prevailing topography
and extremities of climate should be promoted.
Retrofit measures to make the existing building stock energy efficient and to overcome the various
environmental challenges posed by the sector.
Vernacular Construction Techniques- The local traditional Kath-khuni house construction techniques should
be followed. The orientation of buildings is mostly east and south. Materials available for construction are
stone slabs for flooring and roofing, stone and earth for walls and wooden plank supports on wooden joists
for intermediate floors.
Retrofitting of dilapidated houses- In case of dilapidated structures, if structure is below 50 years, it should
be retrofitted, if structure is above 50 years, it should be demolished and the occupants should be
relocated.
The additional housing units can be achievable by the participation of Government Departments/Agencies and
Private Agencies under the following strategies-
State Government should provide proposed developable land in the Development Plan for government
agencies and private sectors.
Major infrastructures like major roads, water supply lines, sewage channels, power lines and other basic
infrastructure to be developed.
Private sectors should be encouraged to construct new houses with basic lower order infrastructures.
Use of local available building materials should be encouraged by the government.
More development in the central part of planning area to be avoided except the areas where proposals
have been given in Development Plan.
Clearance of Building Plan and Land Development/Layout Plan before construction/ development should be
strictly imposed by the Government under the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.
Strict compliance of the Building Regulations in regard to the following-
i) Structural Design
ii) Structural Design Basis Report
iii) Seismic Strengthening/Retrofitting
iv) Certification Regarding Structural Safety in Design
v) Constructional Safety
vi) Quality Control and Inspection
vii) Structural Requirements of Low Cost Housing
viii) Inspection
Housing Policy
6.14.1 State Government Schemes
The Himachal Pradesh Housing & Urban Development Authority (HIMUDA) has launched
new housing scheme for the self-financing scheme. Under this scheme HIMUDA will be
offering plots, flats and houses and the allotment of the units will be done on the basis of
free hold/ lease hold. It has also ensured for provision of primary facilities for its
infrastructures.
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY)- This Central Government housing scheme is started
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
for the people who are from Below Poverty Line (BPL), Low Income Group (LIG) and the
people who are from Economically Weaker Section (EWS). Under PM Awas Yojana the
candidates who want to take the houses should be from lower class and annual income of
the candidate should not be more than Rs. 6 Lakh. The central government will provide the
loan up to Rs. 6 Lakh to the beneficiaries at affordable interest rates of 6.5%.
Policy on Building Material- Major building materials like cement, steel, bricks, corrugated
sheets, are largely imported from neighbouring States. Consequently, cost of building
materials is prohibitively high. A government intervention into this aspect is necessary to
curb the rising construction cost. Some of the steps may include:
i) Setting up of more number of building centres.
ii) Incentive for research on alternative building material.
iii) Material banking by bulk purchasing materials in lean price period and passing the benefit to
consumers.
iv) Government subsidy on material used for the construction of housing for EWS/LIG category.
6.14.2 Private sector participation
Figure 6-13: Relationship of Government and Private sector vis – a-vis- Components of housing
Source: Housing for all
Privatization in the form of individuals and builders/developers should be encouraged to participate in
the house building activities. The concern Authority could provide land with offsite physical and social
infrastructure for the private entrepreneurs to invest in house building and onsite infrastructure
development. Also developed individual residential plots could be provided to families where more
than one dwelling unit could be constructed.
Decent, affordable housing is crucial to development. It determines living standards; its location affects
employment opportunities, while its mass construction can generate thousands of jobs.
The provision of affordable housing is dependent on a range of public policies that between them
support an efficient formal market. Urban land rights need clarity; housing needs have to be
integrated with work places through transport planning; building sites need access to public
infrastructure before development begins; building standards must relate to toda s ealities; tenancy and ownership rights have to enable new houses, whether rented or owner occupied, to
function as collateral; and, as commercial banks are so reluctant to lend, central banks should
encourage financial innovation.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Housing has four distinct components for its development i.e., Land Assembly, infrastructure provision,
building construction and post occupancy management. The above diagram gives an idea how these
activities should be distributed amongst the Government, private and cooperatives making the
Government a facilitator for housing development.
The role of government should be to put sound public policies in place to promote an efficient housing
production chain and remove obstacles from the paths of potential actors to ensure they can work
together effectively, enabled by the right incentive structures.
Proposal for Slum
6.15.1 Concept of City without slums
The Asian Development Bank through a study has worked out comprehensive guidelines for the
program – Cit ithout “lu s . O e of the major objectives of such a program is eradication or
significant reduction of poverty of urban areas. Besides this, the other objectives are to ensure the
following:
Security of tenure;
Minimum acceptable standards of municipal infrastructure and social services;
Improved employment and income earning opportunities;
Improved education, skills, training and health care;
Better access to credit and other financial services for house/plot purchase, home
improvement, enterprise development and livelihood activities; and
Improved level of community organization capacity and empowerment.
6.15.2 Strategies for City Slums
The above objectives are inter-sectoral and inter-departmental. To facilitate the above, the following
is envisaged in the NDP 2036:
In case of existing slums, which are on Government lands that are not needed for
development of any infrastructure or other urban activities, plans for upgrading of slums may
be prepared and implemented through Slum Development Programs;
Other slum pockets may be resettled at appropriate areas with due consideration of their
distance from work places;
Under the housing/slums up-gradation scheme 100% of beneficiaries need to be provided
with financial assistance to improve the structure condition of their houses.
6.15.3 National Slum Development Programmer
The components of this program include:
Provision of physical amenities like water supply, storm water drains, community bath, widening
and paving of existing lanes, sewers, community latrines, street lights.
Community Infrastructure: - Provision of Community centres to be used for pre-school education,
non-formal education, adult education, recreational activities etc.
Community Primary Health Care Centre Buildings to be provided.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Social Amenities like pre-school education, non-formal education, adult education, maternity,
child health and Primary health care including immunization etc.
Provision of Shelter: The Scheme to have a component of shelter up-gradation or construction of
new houses as may be required.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
7. PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Infrastructure is the basic requirement of urban life and its adequacy and accessibility are two
important ingredients and key contributors in upgradation and enrichment of quality of life. Availability
and adequacy of infrastructure services has a larger role in well-being of citizens. Infrastructure services
act as a catalyst for development, which foster economic growth and enhance public well-being.
Hence, provision of infrastructure is defined as a Basic Services, which any developed and developing
town requires in order to sustain its growth and development. This chapter outlines the status of
infrastructure facilities in the town.
Water Supply
7.1.1 General
The main objective of the proposal is to supply continuous (24 hours) water to the consumers with
sufficient flow and pressure.
Develop strategies for improvement and utilization of existing water supply schemes for the
potential demands and adequate supply of potable water in the region.
Reduction in wastage of water
To create awareness and responsibility for consumption of water
Ensure supply of adequate quantity of water of desired quality through a most desirable period
of time of the day. Supply points should be located at close proximity to the households
Systems should function with minimum interruption and failures.
Existing system components to be utilized to the possible extent
Proposed system components to be suitable for sustained operation
Ensure construction ease
Consumer satisfaction to be given high priority
100% metering with good quality meters having long life spans.
Provide better services to urban poor by implementation of slum policy.
Improve satisfaction for stakeholders.
7.1.2 Project Users
Projects users for piped water supply are basically the communities for different uses such as,
Domestic needs for households such as drinking, cooking, bathing, washing, flushing of toilets,
etc.
Institutional needs (day/boarding schools and colleges, shops, markets, offices, hospitals,
nursing homes and medical quarters, etc.
Tourist needs (hotels, restaurants, etc.)
Public purposes such as watering of public parks, religious places, airports, railway stations,
bus stands
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Commercial uses,
Industrial uses
Fire-fighting through fire station & fire tender(s)
7.1.3 Existing Scenario
The Irrigation and Public Health (I&PH) Department of Himachal Pradesh supply water to all the
domestic and commercial establishments in Amb-Gagret Planning Area. Ground water is the main
source of potable water in this area. Ground water is extracted by deep tube wells and then lifted to
the Main storage tanks. From the Main Storage Tanks (MSTs), water is supplied to the Sub Storage
tanks (SSTs) through gravity. From the sub-storage tanks, the water is distributed throughout the
Planning Area.
As per the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), Ministry of Drinking Water and
Sanitation (MoDWS), 1.95 MLD is supplied to all rural and urban settlements in the Planning Area. Out
of the total supply to the Planning Area, 47% is piped water supply and 53% is by the hand pumps.
7.1.3.1 Water Supply Schemes
Figure 7-1: Sources of Water Supply in the Planning Area
Source: Analysis by VOYANTS, Gurugram based on NRWDP, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MoDWS)
There are 121 water supply schemes operational in the Planning Area out of which fourteen are piped
Water Supply (PWS), 106 Hand Pumps and one well. Ground Water is the major source of water in the
entire Planning Area. It covers 100% of the water supply schemes. Easy recharge of ground water in
the Planning Area through Swan River and its tributaries make the ground water level high in the
Planning Area.
Out of the total functional Water Supply Schemes in the Planning Area (121), four Water Supply
Schemes (WSS) supply water according to the CPHEEO standards i.e. 70lpcd to some of the habitations
in Ram Nagar (two Schemes), Kathauhar Khurd (one) and Kalruhi (one). Out of these four, two are
installed Hand Pumps and two are Piped Water Supply (PWS). There is one Piped Water Supply (PWS)
in Oyal village with 60lpcd service level.
7.1.4 Water Supply through Hand Pumps
Almost 53% of the total amount of supplied water i.e. 1.05 MLD is provided by hand pumps. There are
103 hand pumps in the Planning area which cater to almost 77% people of the Planning Area. These
103 hand pumps are distributed in nineteen revenue mohals in the Planning Area. Gagret Nagar
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Panchayat has eighteen hand pumps located at different major nodes. Most of the hand pumps supply
water at 40lpcd service level except two hand pumps in Ram Nagar area under Gagret Nagar Panchayat
which supply water at 70lpcd service level. The Mohals like Gagret Khas, Krishna Nagar, Ram Nagar,
Katauhar Kalan, Amb Khas, Heera Nagar, Andora Lower and Tibbi have the hand pumps only for water
supply. The source of water is entirely ground water (100%). The entire Planning Area is dependent on
the ground water sources.
7.1.5 Piped Water Supply Schemes
Out of the total amount of supplied water, 0.89 MLD (47%) is supplied by PWS Schemes in twelve
revenue mohals in the Planning Area. It serves 19730 people (56%) in the Planning Area at average
55lpcd service level. There are thirteen Lift Water Supply Schemes in the Planning Area. Out of the
thirteen schemes, only two schemes supply water at 70lpcd service level in Kalruhi and Kathauhar
Khurd villages, one scheme supplies water at 60lpcd service level in Oyal village and rest of the schemes
supply water at 40lpcd service level Shiv Bari, Ambota, Baroh, Kaloh, Kuthera, Mubarak Pur, Adarsh
Nagar, Andora Upper and Athwan villages. Shiv Bari area is connected by piped water supply only.
7.1.6 Status of Ground Water
Hydro-geologically, the unconsolidated valley fills or alluvial formations, occurring in the Una valley
area and semi-consolidated sediments belonging to Siwalik Group form aquifer system in the district.
Porous alluvial formation, forms the most prolific aquifer system in the valley area, where as the
sedimentary semi-consolidated formation form aquifer of low yield prospect.
In Una valley area, the ground water occurs in porous unconsolidated / alluvial formation (valley fills)
comprising sand, silt, gravel, cobbles / pebbles etc., and forms prolific aquifer. In Una valley, depth to
water level shows wide variation. During pre-monsoon period (May) it ranges from less than 1.00 to
65.00 m bgl. Deeper water levels are confined mainly in south west and localized patches in north
eastern and central part of Una valley. In major parts of Una valley, depth to water level ranges
between 2.00 to 10.00 m bgl. Some areas in discharge zone along the river Swan, show water logging
conditions, where water level is less than 1.5 m bgl. Seasonal fluctuation (rise) up to 3.56 m is observed
between pre and post monsoon period.
7.1.7 Demand & Gap Estimation
Based on CPHEEO Manual, norms adopted for calculated water demand for base year, intermediate
year and vision year.
7.1.7.1 Water Demand for Domestic Uses
The water demand for domestic use is estimated per capita consumptions of 135 lpcd as per CPHEEO
Manual as shown below.
Table 7-1: Water Demand for Domestic Uses
Description Year
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Total Domestic Population 24810 28003 31271 35039 35911
Projected Water Demand for Domestic Uses (MLD) 3.35 3.78 4.22 4.73 4.85
Source: Projected by Voyants
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
7.1.7.2 Non-Domestic Water Demand
Non-Domestic Water Demand comprises industrial, institutional, offices, commercial and other public
areas. The per capita consumption of industrial, offices, commercial and other public areas are taken
as 45 lpcd and 70lpcd considered for institutional demand
Table 7-2: Non-Domestic Water Demand
Description Year
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Non-Domestic Population 16642 18785 20977 23504 24089
Non-Domestic Water Demand (MLD) 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.12 1.15
Source: Projected by Voyants
7.1.7.3 Water Demand for Floating Population
The floating population is considered to be 5% of the total population of the town area and accordingly
water demand is estimated using a per capita consumption of 45 LPCD are shown in below table
Table 7-3: Service Provider Water Demand
Description Year
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Floating Population 6493 7329 8184 9170 9399
Floating Demand 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.41 0.42
Source: Projected by Voyants
7.1.7.4 Fire Fighting Water Demand
The fire requirement is computed based on the standards given in CPHEEO manual. Following relation
is used for calculating water demand for firefighting purpose
Fd =100 x SQRT (P), where P= Population in thousands.
Table 7-4: Fire Fighting Water Demand
Description Year
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Fire Fighting Water Demand 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.77 0.77
Source: Projected by Voyants
7.1.7.5 Water Demand for Study Area
As described above, all the population of different category are calculated. Following table shows the
total water demand required in Study area. The transmission and distribution losses are assumed to
be 15 % of the total water demand. Based on this framework the estimated water demand for various
activities in the study area is given below.
Table 7-5: Total Water Demand and Gap
Description Year
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Domestic Water Demand 3.35 3.78 4.22 4.73 4.85
Non-Domestic Water Demand 0.80 0.90 1.00 1.12 1.15
Floating Demand 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.41 0.42
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Fire Fighting Demand 0.64 0.68 0.72 0.77 0.77
Total Water Demand 5.08 5.69 6.32 7.03 7.20
15% losses 0.76 0.85 0.95 1.05 1.08
Grand Total of Water Demand 5.84 6.55 7.26 8.09 8.28
Existing Supply 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95 1.95
Gap 3.89 4.60 5.31 6.14 6.33
Source: Projected by Voyants
The total water demand for base year 2016, intermediate year 2026 and vision year 2036 is 5.84 MLD,
7.26 MLD and 8.28 MLD respectively. At present, water is supplied at the various rate of 1.95 MLD
which does not take into account the floating population and firefighting load. Hence to bridge the
supply gap, water supply system need to be augmented to meet out water demand at different stages.
7.1.8 Water Sources and Treatment:
Presently, Both Ground and surface water are the sources of potable supplied water in this area. The
existing water sources can be used to meet up water demand for the study area. Presently, Existing
water treatment plant is required to be augmented as per demand estimation.
Table 7-6: Total Water Demand and Gap
Description Year
2016 2020 2025 2030 2035
Grand Total of Water Demand 5.84 6.55 7.26 8.09 8.28
WTP Capacity Required (MLD) 7.36 8.25 9.15 10.19 10.43
Existing WTP Capacity (MLD) 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89
Augmentation required (MLD) 6.47 7.36 8.26 9.30 9.54
Source: Projected by Voyants
7.1.9 Water Storage and Distribution
The present water supply system in project area is intermittent this to be developed into 24x7 hours.
Zoning in the distribution system ensures equalization of supply of water throughout the area. The
zoning of the area will be done mainly on the basis of topography, population and geographic features.
The service reservoirs will be provided at the highest elevation of the distribution zone, so that the
water can be distributed by gravity for majority of the supply area.
Study area has been divided into four distribution zones. Each zone will have separate distribution
network served by the elevated and/or ground level service reservoirs based on elevation.
The required storage capacity of service reservoirs is 2.85 ML per day for vision year (2036). As per
information received from IPH Amb-Gagret, the total capacity of existing service reservoirs is 0.73 ML
in Zone-IV. Another 0.25 ML service reservoir is required based on vision year demand.
Since Zone-I & III divided by major water streams, it is better to construct separate reservoirs and
distribution system at the both side of the river.
Table 7-7: Zone-wise Water Demand and Service Reservoirs
Sl. No Zone No. Supply in MLD (Year 2036) Capacity (KL)
1 Zone-01 1.89 0.60
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
2 Zone-02 2.97 0.90
3 Zone-03 1.36 0.40
4 Zone-04 3.04 0.95
Source: Projected by Voyants
7.1.10 Fire stations and other fire-fighting facilities
Generally, firefighting network are designed for minimum 50 psi at each node in the system. This type
of network would need to be designed independently or the combined water supply and firefighting
network.
The population size and given extent, it is not economically viable to design a firefighting network
independently or combined, that is fully capable of meeting firefighting requirements.
As a result, it is recommended that the firefighting services will be catered through a fire station.
According to the standards set by URDPFI, one fire sub-station has to be located within 3-4 km radius
with essential residential accommodation which would serve at least 50000 people. Each fire station
will have dedicated water reservoir with adequate capacity within its premises which will be supplied
from nearest service reservoir. Fire hydrants on the periphery exclusively for fire-fighting services
should be considered in Residential/ commercial/ industrial zones. Necessary provisions for laying
underground/ over ground fire-fighting measures, water lines, hydrants etc. may be kept. The
concerned agencies shall take approval from Fire Department for fire-fighting measures while laying
the services for an area.
Presently, there is no fire station in Planning Area. As per the URDPFI norms, at a population of 50,000,
there should be a fire station. The projected population of Planning Area is 60,000. Hence, one fire
station with adequate fire tender is required to cater the needs for the planning area.
7.1.11 Operation and Maintenance System
Water supply provision is one of the most conspicuous of urban activities. However, non-availability of
sufficient capital investment and inadequate operation and maintenance combined with a growing
population demanding higher service levels has reduced the effectiveness of water supply services.
There is a need to comprehensively address the underlying issues of systematic short-term and long-
term planning, efficient implementation, building institutional capacities to sustain services and
improving customer interface.
7.1.12 Water Connections and Tariff
There is no metered connection in village but there are in town areas. There fixed water rates in town
as well as in village. 80 Rs. per month in town and 25 in villages.
Water meters and conveyance pipe should be upto private property line but including the meter,
meter box, valves etc., shall be the property of water utility/ULB. Tampering, theft and scrap dealing
in these materials shall be made illegal and offenders prosecuted. The water utility/Local Body shall
levy a meter rent (preferably as % of water consumption bill). Testing and calibration of meter shall be
responsibility of utility/ Local body, along with its repair and replacement.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Water Utilities/Authorities shall adopt universal metering for consumers, bulk supply and transfer etc.,
of water for enabling measurement of system input and output and calculate the losses.
7.1.13 Development Strategies & Recommendation
7.1.13.1 Short Term Strategies
Augmentation of Water Treatment Plant of 8.30 MLD
100% coverage of pipe water supply connection
Identification of new potential source
New service reservoirs for supplying to end users as per vision year demand (2036)
Replacement or Repair the old/defunct system
Implementation of 100% Universal Consumer metering system
Illegal connections shall be identified through water audit and community participation.
The f ee o e tio s shall also e ete ed a d egulated su h as f ee suppl up to a p e-
determined quantity;
Streamlining of household connections as well as legalized connections
Awareness program for optimization of water use, recycling and recharging
Wherever the number of rainy days is high, rainwater storage & use systems shall be used.
Incentives may be provided on the quantum of water consumption avoided from the organized
water supply system
Introducing SCADA system to minimise water losses and theft
Complaint redressal centers to be set up to look after the issues on water supply
Detailed Operation and Maintenance Programme
7.1.13.2 Long Term Strategies
Further augmentation of existing WTP of 1.25 MLD required.
Use of Recycled water for meeting horticulture, air-conditioning, industrial cooling and other
non-potable uses
The system shall be pressurised 24x7 and visible leaks repaired immediately. However,
automatic pressure management systems for reducing the pressure under minimum demand
conditions can be adopted to reduce overall NRW.
Purchase of leak detection equipment and use should be last step in implementing the
measures for reducing NRW
Implementation of Rain Water Harvesting scheme
Local sources of water such as lakes, ponds, springs must be environmentally managed and
used for water supply
Mapping and digitization of water supply networks for distribution shall be done on continuous
basis. Hydraulic modeling shall be adopted for rationalizing pipe networks and ensuring
equitable pressure
Water supply shall be on 24x7 for equity, effective metering and for best hygiene model of
supply. Systems leaks & thefts can easily be revealed only with a 24x7 supply pattern.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Storm Water Drainage Network
7.2.1 Existing Storm Water Drainage System
The Amb-Gagret Planning Area is located at the upper reaches of the Swan Watershed. The Swan River
has dissected the planning area from North West to South East. Numerous number of Khads and Nalas
in the watershed drain towards the trunk river. The river and nalas form the braided network in the
study area.
Amb Gagret Planning Area is almost a flat area (slope <10%) where provision of drainage is very
important for draining out the storm water to near-by natural inlets to avoid water logging.
To cope of with the drainage problem a Drainage Master Plan is need to be prepared.
7.2.2 Storm Water Drainage Proposal
As per the gap and deficiency identified, an integrated approach is required to cater the sustainable
drainage solution. As an integrated approach, some of the drains will run alongside of the roads
(Roadside Drains) and others may follow natural slope (Cross Drain).
As per CPHEEO Manual on Sewage and sewage treatment, Clause 3.3.1.1 to 3.3.1.3, Rainfall intensity
calculated from monthly rainfall data of last 11 years comes out to be 89.49 mm/hr. considering once
in 5 years as storm frequency and 30 minutes as Time of concentration. Rational method was used for
computation of run-off.
Figure 7-2: Intensity-Duration Curve for Once in 5 years Storm frequency
Source: Voyants, Gurugram
As an integrated approach, some of the drains will run alongside of the roads (Roadside Drains) and
others may follow natural slope (Cross Drain). The study area is broadly divided into 178 catchments,
which is further divided into smaller sub-catchments. All the major Catchments draining itself to major
streams/water bodies. Key feature of the network is use of natural streams, to minimize the drain
section. Several outfalls are proposed in order to enable safe conveyance of runoff discharge.
305.90
190.14
143.97118.19
101.41
89.4973.46
67.76
63.04 55.62 45.66 39.18
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
RA
IN F
ALL
IN
TE
NS
ITY
(I)
IN
MM
/HR
DURATION (T) IN MIN
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 7-3: Proposed Drainage Catchment Map
Source: Voyants, Gurugram
Table 7-8: Runoff in each Catchments
S. NO. CATCHMENT NO. AREA (HA) Runoff (in Cumecs)
1 CA-01 8.03 0.998
2 CA-02 7.92 0.984
3 CA-03 9.25 1.150
4 CA-04 45.56 5.663
5 CA-05 17.23 2.142
6 CA-06 3.87 0.481
7 CA-07 5.41 0.672
8 CA-08 17.75 2.206
9 CA-09 47.06 5.849
10 CA-09A 30.75 3.822
11 CA-10 3.15 0.392
12 CA-11 2.53 0.314
13 CA-12 19.51 2.425
14 CA-13 69.67 8.659
15 CA-14 12.67 1.575
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
16 CA-15 47.87 5.950
17 CA-16 32.31 4.016
18 CA-17 14.17 1.761
19 CA-18 10.88 1.352
20 CA-19 41.57 5.167
21 CA-20 8.22 1.022
22 CA-21 9.59 1.192
23 CA-22 73.66 9.155
24 CA-23 20.74 2.578
25 CA-24 10.79 1.341
26 CA-25 4.84 0.602
27 CA-26 5.88 0.731
28 CA-27 2.61 0.324
29 CA-28 3.13 0.389
30 CA-29 1.83 0.227
31 CA-30 5.64 0.701
32 CA-31 16.85 2.094
33 CA-32 17.50 2.175
34 CA-33 10.44 1.298
35 CA-34 43.70 5.432
36 CA-35 15.48 1.924
37 CA-36 48.43 6.019
38 CA-37 3.61 0.449
39 CA-38 11.39 1.416
40 CA-39 13.93 1.731
41 CA-40 13.54 1.683
42 CA-41 62.43 7.760
43 CA-42 17.78 2.210
44 CA-43 41.39 5.144
45 CA-44 82.26 10.224
46 CA-45 110.17 13.693
47 CA-46 47.70 5.929
48 CA-47 33.88 4.211
49 CA-48 50.78 6.312
50 CA-49 54.78 6.809
51 CA-50 42.91 5.333
52 CA-51 25.11 3.121
53 CA-52 2.82 0.351
54 CA-53 25.93 3.223
55 CA-54 13.60 1.690
56 CA-55 21.57 2.681
57 CA-56 17.78 2.210
58 CA-57 16.52 2.053
59 CA-58 3.89 0.483
60 CA-59 49.23 6.119
61 CA-60 45.48 5.653
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
62 CA-61 196.24 24.391
63 CA-62 136.56 16.973
64 CA-63 46.58 5.790
65 CA-64 37.40 4.649
66 CA-65 143.91 17.887
67 CA-66 74.57 9.268
68 CA-67 73.34 9.116
69 CA-68 26.94 3.348
70 CA-69 9.80 1.218
71 CA-70 6.57 0.817
72 CA-71 57.40 7.134
73 CA-72 4.64 0.577
74 CA-73 45.63 5.671
75 CA-74 23.62 2.936
76 CA-75 2.41 0.300
77 CA-76 6.92 0.860
78 CA-77 57.71 7.173
79 CA-78 18.12 2.252
80 CA-79 13.56 1.685
81 CA-80 34.66 4.308
82 CA-81 23.31 2.897
83 CA-82 51.59 6.412
84 CA-83 33.94 4.218
85 CA-84 31.72 3.943
86 CA-85 63.66 7.912
87 CA-86 19.06 2.369
88 CA-87 171.94 21.371
89 CA-88 266.45 33.117
90 CA-89 23.07 2.867
91 CA-90 11.50 1.429
92 CA-91 31.37 3.899
93 CA-92 129.14 16.051
94 CA-93 71.67 8.908
95 CA-94 43.31 5.383
96 CA-95 26.31 3.270
97 CA-96 4.64 0.577
98 CA-97 4.89 0.608
99 CA-98 44.58 5.541
100 CA-99 7.57 0.941
101 CA-100 5.48 0.681
102 CA-101 0.92 0.114
103 CA-102 5.43 0.675
104 CA-103 8.94 1.111
105 CA-104 19.99 2.485
106 CA-105 2.45 0.305
107 CA-106 3.14 0.390
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
108 CA-107 1.97 0.245
109 CA-108 18.58 2.309
110 CA-109 0.82 0.102
111 CA-110 42.51 5.284
112 CA-111 8.72 1.084
113 CA-112 4.02 0.500
114 CA-113 3.31 0.411
115 CA-114 3.52 0.438
116 CA-115 57.47 7.143
117 CA-116 2.69 0.334
118 CA-117 40.03 4.975
119 CA-118 9.32 1.158
120 CA-119 21.83 2.713
121 CA-120 3.37 0.419
122 CA-121 32.06 3.985
123 CA-122 20.05 2.492
124 CA-123 4.28 0.532
125 CA-124 12.62 1.569
126 CA-125 249.58 31.021
127 CA-126 266.03 33.065
128 CA-127 35.88 4.460
129 CA-128 86.34 10.731
130 CA-129 108.35 13.467
131 CA-130 119.60 14.865
132 CA-131 199.42 24.786
133 CA-132 188.61 23.443
134 CA-133 45.35 5.637
135 CA-134 65.64 8.158
136 CA-135 46.32 5.757
137 CA-136 553.50 68.795
138 CA-138 91.60 11.385
139 CA-139 105.23 13.079
140 CA-140 105.16 13.071
141 CA-141 86.39 10.738
142 CA-142 184.95 22.988
143 CA-143 96.96 12.051
TOTAL 6599.70 820.287
Source: Voyants, Gurugram
The drains will run along the roads, either one side or both side as per road camber. Wherever the
drain proposed to be closed,
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 7-4: Sketch of Typical Stormwater Drain Inlet
Source: Voyants, Gurugram
A typical drain laid under the footpath, will have vertical grills as part of the level-difference between
the footpath and the carriageway. This arrangement is suitable to prevent blocking of the drains due
to garbage and other waste being accumulated on the horizontal grills. Hence, kerb opening inlets are
proposed at every 50 m interval to provide horizontal entry into the drain. Wherever roads width is
very less and cannot accommodate Kerb Inlets, Perforated Cover Slabs are proposed at every 50 m
interval.
All the primary and secondary drains should be covered. These covers will protect the storm drains
from disposal of garbage, debris, etc. and also may serve as walkway for pedestrian in narrow roads.
Natural storm water should not have mixed with sewage/sullage and garbage. There are need for
provisions of restoration of rainwater for meeting the upcoming water demand for agriculture and
other household purposes by upgrading the existing water bodies/ponds. It is also proposed to
consider velocity breaker to reduce the scouring velocity during detail engineering of storm water
drainage system.
7.2.3 Flood Management
It is proposed to rejuvenate the rivers and study the existing detailed condition of culverts and bridges
to improve their hydraulic capacity. There is a need to improve the natural drainage pattern by de-
silting the natural drains and removing the blockages. The existing storm network along the roads
needs to be strengthened in terms of coverage and capacity. A hydrology model should be developed
and flood lines of 25 and 50 years need to mapped based on the modelling.
Complete planning area fall within catchment area of Swan river. Swan river runs from North West to
South East part of planning area. There are 8 out of total 73 tributaries (Khad) of Swan river that fall
within planning area makes dense drainage network.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 7-5: River and Drainage Map of Planning Area
7.2.4 Rainwater Harvesting
Long term water level declines as a result of injudicious exploitation of groundwater resource has lead
to several vexing problems. Some of these problems are reduced well yields, low water level and
leakage into the aquifer of highly mineralised water. In order to over-come these serious
environmental implications the recharge potential of groundwater resource has to be given utmost
importance.
Rain water harvesting is the technique of collection and storage of rain water at surface or in sub-
surface aquifers, before it is lost as surface run-off. The augmented resource can be harvested in the
time of need. Artificial recharge to ground water is a process by which the ground water reservoir is
augmented at rate exceeding that under natural conditions of replenishment. For the economic design
of drains, it is necessary to trap the rain water by rain water harvesting structures.
7.2.5 Development Strategies & Recommendation
The goal of the surface water drainage proposals is to effectively manage urban watersheds to prevent
flooding while promoting the conservation of water resources. The proposals are aimed at improving
the overall water quality in the study area and address the issue of non-point source pollution impacts
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
on the storm water while meeting additional storm water generated by increase in impervious surfaces
in the study area.
Storm water Drainage (SWD) system should designed as a separate system to carry storm water by
gravity for the entire project area. Storm water drains are designed with a certain gradient, which will
create a self-cleansing velocity, as these drains will carry storm water along with grit, silt and other
impurities. All the primary storm water drains should be designed to have a capacity to carry the total
discharge of all secondary and tertiary storm water drains.
Regular and proper operation and maintenance of drainage facility is essential to function. It is also
accepted that for quality maintenance of drainage system, optimum use of labour, equipment and
material is required to keep the system in good condition, so that storm water is efficiently conveyed
up to disposal point.
Existing nallahs running through the study area should be improved to increase the efficiency of natural
channels. Improvement works shall consist of desilting of channel, development of banks,
improvement of side slopes, and development of green belt around the nallahs and provision of
culverts at road crossings.
Detailed Master Plan for Stormwater Drainage system and Flood Management is required for further
detailed assessment and solution of drainage proposal.
7.2.5.1 Short Term Strategy
Channelization of flow, so minimize localized flooding
Desilting of all major drains
Providing drainage network in all wards where no drainage is available
Providing drainage system along all roads
RWH and recharge recommended to be made mandatory
Low lying areas, lakes and flood plains need to be identified and reserved for storing rain water
for better environmental conditions
Periodic flooding and ground water levels must be considered
Detailed Operation and Maintenance Programme
7.2.5.2 Long Term Strategy
Ground water recharge areas need to be delineated, mapped and protected
Detailed Master Plan for Stormwater Drainage system and Flood Management
Sewerage System
Availability of sufficient quantity of safe water is a basic requirement for survival of human beings.
Water can be contaminated by several means. Most of the bacteriological contamination of water
originates from the feces of human, animals and birds. Discharge of domestic sewage, rotten food
materials and vegetation also can cause bacteriological contamination of water. Due to the wide
practice of septic tanks in habitations without collection systems, absence of appropriate necessary
further downstream treatment, non-availability of supportive sullage management and absence of
septage management, especially in relatively denser populations in peri-urban and land scarce areas,
compounded by open defecation in rural settings in sandy soils, much of the shallow groundwater as
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
well as surface water sources are contaminated by pathogens. Provision of facilities and services for
the wastewater treatment is very essential because 80% of diseases are caused by improper sanitation
/ inadequate hygienic conditions. A 10% extra investment is wastewater treatment is expected to
result in an 80% savings in providing basic health care. Improper wastewater management also has
significant adverse effect on wild life and fisheries. Discharge of wastewater into water bodies also
leads to loss of recreational facilities and quality of life.
The components of sewerage system are the house connection, conveyance network, pumping
system, the treatment facility and the disposal strategy. The conveyance is by gravity and the
treatment facility is located at the lowest point.
The se e age s ste should e a sepa ate s ste hi h ea s the sto ate to e take a e of by a separate drainage system and discharged directly into the outfall without treatment.
The detailed assessment of the existing sewerage and sanitation system includes existing sewage
generation, collection system, treatment, disposal of the waste water, and the existing institutional
arrangement. Further, the section highlights the key issues is the sewerage and sanitation sector.
7.3.1 Existing Sewerage System
Presently, only Gagret Nagar Panchayat has a 7.80 km. of centralised sewerage network in the Planning
Area out of which 6.39 km has already been developed and 1.40 km. is proposed network.
Figure 7-6: Sewerage Network within Gagret Nagar Panchayat Area
Source: Gagret Nagar Panchayat
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Households, located in the rural areas have septic tanks and pit latrines for sewage disposal in the
Planning Area. The sewerage network should be laid in overall Planning Area for the easy disposal of
sewage.
7.3.2 Proposal for Development
The project area need to developed proper integrated sewage collection and treatment. As per
topography of the study area, augmentation of existing STPs and new STP and SPSs to be required.
An efficient sewerage and wastewater disposal system is of critical importance with respect to
maintaining high standards of health and hygiene in the study area. The sewerage system proposed
for study area aims at the provision of such a facility in a cost effective and organized manner, by
establishing a hierarchical distribution of sewer networks in the urban landscape. The aim here is to
regulate the diameter of the sewerage pipes, which is the costliest entity of the system, by establishing
a distinct hierarchy in the collection system catering to its optimal needs.
It is strongly recommended that the town planning agencies / authorities / ULB / metropolitan
development authorities earmark adequate spaces for laying of sewer lines, construction of SPS and
STP.
7.3.3 Sewerage Demand & Gap Estimation
Sewerage generation is considered as 80% of water supply for urban areas. As per CPHEEO Manual,
10% infiltration has been considered.
According to NAC Gagret and I&PH, Una, one Sewerage Treatment Plant (STP) of 4.50 MLD is proposed
near Swan River which would be serving Gagret Nagar Panchayat and near-by settlements of the
Planning Area.
Projected generation for 2036 will be 5.52 MLD. There is a gap of 0.30 MLD and 1.02 MLD in treatment
capacities of intermediate and vision year respectively.
Table 7-9: Sewerage Generation and Gap
Description Year
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Total Sewage Generation (MLD) 4.49 5.07 5.66 6.34 6.50
STP Capacity (MLD) 4.72 5.32 5.94 6.66 6.83
Existing STP Capacity (MLD) 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50
Augmentation required (MLD) 0.22 0.82 1.44 2.16 2.33
Source: Voyants, Gurugram
The areas that are not served by piped sewer systems can adopt on-site systems. The treatment can
be either on-site or off-site like in the case of septage management. These are interim measures till a
decentralised or a full sewerage system is implemented.
7.3.4 Sewage Treatment and Disposal
In view of above table and owing to the topography and natural barriers, the study area has been
divided into 3 sewerage zones. It is better to construct decentralized STP to reduce the capital cost as
well as O&M cost.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Table 7-10 Proposed scheme for Sewage Treatment
Sewer
Zone
No.
STP Capacity (MLD) Proposed scheme
2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
Zone-1 2.78 2.84 3.50 3.92 4.02 100% Sewerage system and
decentralized STP of 4.10 MLD is
required.
Zone-2 0.39 0.44 0.49 0.55 0.56 100% Sewerage system and
decentralized STP of 1.0 MLD is
required.
Zone-3 1.55 1.75 1.95 2.19 2.24 The proposed capacity of STP is 4.50
MLD is sufficient. Sewerage system
must be at 100% area.
Total 4.72 5.03 5.94 6.66 6.83 Source: Voyants, Gurugram
Treatment technology options for new STPs should be explored for the new plant like the Ecoline
System, which is less land intensive.
7.3.4.1 Reuse options for treated wastewater
The outlet water quality parameters after treatment should be in accordance with IS:10500.
Possibilities of reuse of waste water shall needs to be incorporated in the detailed masterplan on
sewerage system to reduce the burden on water supply system. Treated water from STP should be
recycled as per URPDFI Guidelines and sludge can be used as manure for agriculture and plantation. It
should be aimed to achieve 100% coverage of sewerage connections to every household.
7.3.5 On-site Sewage & Treatment System
Unlike off-site centralized treatment (sewerage), on-site sewage treatment features individual and
distributed treatment. The on-site treatment system includes a wide range of facilities, such as a basic
sanitation facility like a pit latrine, a simple sewage treatment system that consists of a septic tank and
a soak pit for anaerobic treatment, and an advanced facility like Johkasou that treats sewage by
sophisticated methods.
In an urban area with high population density, an STP intensively treats sewage collected by pipes laid
over a wide area. The on-site system treats sewage near the source.
Accordingly, the latter uses various kinds of treatment technologies according to treatment scale and
the surrounding conditions. Sludge generated in each on-site treatment facility is collected and treated
separately.
7.3.6 Development Strategies & Recommendation
Taking into account the expected sewerage load and its future implications, a detailed study needs to
be carried out to decide upon the location and the treatment system of the new sewerage treatment
plant.
The following set of guidelines can be of assistance
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Laying sewerage network lines to entire study area
Sewage treatment needs to be carried out before disposal
The new treatment plant should be designed with provision for expansion to meet the
requirements in the future
Treatment technology options which are land intensive should be explored for the new STP
like Ecoline system
The sewerage treatment plants should not be located near ground water resources, in areas
with high water percolation rate and in lands suitable for agricultural use
Provision of adequate public toilet complexes at public places and slums to ensure hygienic
condition and environmental sanitation
Recycle & use of treated sewage- Tapping of a portion of the sewage generated to be used for
greening of the open areas through Decentralised Waste Water System
Access to sanitation facilities shall be universalised (100%) including urban poor settlements,
unauthorized slums /colonies.
All properties/ holdings should be connected to sewerage system, even if they are not
connected to a public/municipality water supply system.
Sewerage system need not be the only sanitation system for liquid waste. Hence, Onsite
sanitation systems shall be adopted for less dense settlements.
Sewerage charges shall be levied on the basis of water consumed and in the water bill itself.
In case of no water supply, alternative methods of billing shall be used.
For on-site sanitation, periodic cleaning shall be ensured. ULB may provide the equipment at
a fee and also for final disposal, depending on the type of on-site treatment involved.
On-site packaged treatment units may be used to treat grey water, black water or a
combination, depending on the user choice.
Using a combination of on-site and off-site sewerage / sanitation systems for waste water /
sewage, 100% treatment shall be ensured, for environmental protection and sustainability.
It is suggested that Sewage Management Rules, similar to Municipal Solid Waste (Management
& Handling) Rules may be framed and notified under the EPA & Water Pollution Acts etc., in
order to consolidate provisions under different Acts/Rules/Notifications and to focus attention
on Sewage Management issues. Guidelines/Standards for Septage management and Reuse of
Treated Wastewater have to be formulated.
Supply of treated wastewater to industrial and other consumers shall be explored.
Solid Waste Management
Solid waste Management is one of the most important part of development. Solid waste should never
be a health and safety hazard nor a public embarrassment or disgrace for planning area.
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
7.4.1 Existing Waste Management in Planning Area
Presently, there is no solid waste management system in the Planning Area except in the Gagret Nagar
Panchayat. The solid waste is burnt in a regular interval in the rural areas whereas in urban area, the
solid waste is collected and disposed at the landfill site.
Currently, per day solid waste generation in Gagret NAC area is 2.5 MT which is collected from the
households from different wards by five hand driven collection carts. The informal dumping sites are
located at ward no. 1 near Mittayal Udyog and Truck Union, ward no. 2 near old Amb road, ward no. 3
near Sewa Singh road and BDO Office, ward no. 4 near the house of Bedi Chand, Shiv Temple and Tube
Well no. 1, ward no. 5 near senior secondary school and Old Veterinary hospital and ward no. 7 near
Govt. Hospital. There is one tractor trolley which is used for collecting wastes from these informal
disposal sites and transport and dispose to the landfill site which is located 4km away from the NAC
area and along NH 70 towards Hoshiarpur road. The landfill site is of 950 sq. m. and NAC pays 2500
rupees rent for disposing waste in this area. No segregation is taking place presently during collection
and disposal. No charges are levied on the waste collection. According to the norms 650 sq. m. of
landfill site is required for disposing 1 MT waste. In Gagret Nagar Panchayat, as per the norms, 1625
sq. m. of landfill site is required. Additional 675 sq. m. of landfill site is required for disposal of the
present waste generated.
To maintain cleanliness at the public places, Gagret NAC has installed 75 dustbins in the Nagar
Panchayat area.
7.4.2 Projected SWM Generation and gap assessment
The Planning area has a small population density (14 pph), the waste generation factor of 0.30
kg/capita/day is taken for core population and 0.15 kg/capita/day is taken for floating population.
The number of waste generating inhabitants as well as collection is assumed to rise to a higher
percentage of the total population. With passing time as a consequence of ameliorated collection
systems the percentages are due to rise in coverage which leads to increase in daily waste production
from 7.85 ton/day to 24.18 ton/day.
The Table below gives estimated solid waste generated in the study area at the end of the plan period
(2036) and the estimated waste reaching the land fill site.
Table 7-11: Solid Waste Generation and Gap
Sl. No. Description 2016 2021 2026 2031 2036
1 Population including floating
population
47945 54117 60432 67713 69399
2 Annual Solid Waste Generation
(tons/day)
7.85 9.47 14.87 17.80 24.18
3 Annual Accumulated Solid
Waste Generation (tons/day)
7.85 17.32 32.19 49.99 74.17
4 Existing Treatment Facility (tons) 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50
5 Gap (tons) 5.35 6.97 12.37 15.30 21.68 Source: Voyants, Gurugram
AMB-GAGRET 147
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
If calculated with the adapted standard the quantity of SW generated would be around 24.18 ton daily
(2036). Accumulated quantities in the year 2036 will around 74.17 tons /day.
7.4.3 Framework for Solid Waste Disposal
The horizon period of 2036, the main goal for solid waste management is to 100% management of
solid wastes with proper segregation and treatment.
The authority should approach for the integrated waste management in Una District.
Different Colour bins should be provided for the easy segregation at the collection point. The location
of the bins should be mapped on GIS and web-based monitoring system to facilitate the transportation
of the waste to the landfill site.
7.4.4 Way forward for Solid Waste Management (2016-2035)
The horizon period of 2036, the main goal for solid waste management is to 100% management of
solid wastes with proper segregation and treatment.
According to the norms 650 sq. m. of landfill site is required for disposing 1 MT waste. In planning
area, as per the norms, 47900 sq. m. of landfill site is required for cater waste as per vision year
demand. In Gagret Nagar Panchayat, the existing landfill site is of 950 sq. m. Additional 20000 sq.m.
and 27900 sq. m. of landfill site is required for disposal of the intermediate and vision year waste
generated respectively.
Based on the norms established by the CPHEEO and MoEF, the landfill sites should include a buffer of
100m around each. The buffer area will be under thick vegetation. Adequate manpower is essential
for maintain all these facilities.
Apart from the landfill sites, transfer stations are also required. Locations for solid waste transfer
stations should be along the main transportation corridors in the planning area.
Segregation of waste at source level is proposed and recyclable material will be collected from source
points by registered rag pickers. There will be provision for setting up Waste to energy plants with
techniques to reduce emission of pollutants in air and utilizing its end products efficiently.
Better transport facilities for carrying waste are proposed. Balers are required for compaction of the
inert waste and thereby increasing the density of waste and reducing the area and cover for landfill
sites.
This goal can be attained by adopting following strategies:
Segregation of Solid Waste at source
Regular Door to door collection
Proper Waste collection and transportation
Resource recovery through sorting and recycling of materials
Resource recovery through waste processing by using composting or waste to energy
approaches
Waste minimization by reducing volume, toxicity or other physical/chemical properties of
waste to make it safe for final disposal
AMB-GAGRET 148
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Disposal of waste in an environmentally safe and sustainable manner through land filling
PPP in management of Solid waste
Recycling of Solid waste
Commissioning of landfilling site
Integrated management of Solid waste
Incineration for treatment of biomedical waste
Awareness generation for reduce, reuse and recycling of Solid waste
For achieving the aforesaid goal and implementing the strategies various projects need to be
undertaken.
Power
The power generation, transmission and distribution in the Planning Area are under the provision of
Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Limited (HPSEBL). The board has two sub divisions within the
Planning Area, one in Amb and another in Gagret.
Table 7-12: Number of Connections
7.5.1 Power connection
There are 19152 connections in Gagret Sub divisions out of which 2520 are in urban area and rest
16632 are in rural areas. Out of the total connections, 80% are of domestic connections, 12% are of
commercial connections, 5% connections are in agricultural fields and rest 3% are NDNC, small power
and Govt. irrigation connections.34
In Amb Sub-division, there are 7294 connections which are distributed entirely in the rural areas. Out
of the total connections, 79% are domestic
connections, 19% are commercial, 1% is industrial
and 1% is NDNC (Non-Domestic Non-Commercial)
connections.35
In the Planning Area, 100% households are connected have lighting facility. In Urban area, 96%
households use electricity as the main source of lighting whereas rest 4% use Kerosene for lighting. In
34 Source: HPSEBL, Gagret Divisions, Una 35 Source: HPSEBL, Amb Division, Una
Sectors Amb Division Gagret Division
Domestic 5769 15226
Commercial 1382 2251
Industrial 85 356
Institutional 58 133
Agriculture - 996
Others - 190
Total 7294 19152
Source: HPSEBL, Gagret and Amb Divisions, Una
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
rural areas of the Planning Area, 98% households use electricity as the main source of lighting and 2%
are dependent on other sources like kerosene and other oils.36
7.5.2 Power supply Mechanism in the Planning Area
The power is generated at different sites like Pong Dam, Chamera and Jogindernagar. It is then
transmitted to Regional transmission station at Dhera, Kangra. From Dehra, power is transmitted to
Amb sub-station of 133/33/11 KV that comes under Amb Electrical division.
There are four operational feeders under Amb sub-station i.e. Amb feeder, Dhussara feeder, Panjoya
feeder and Sidhpur feeder which distribute power to ground level users. The feeders have capacity of
11KV each. 37
In Gagret, there is a separate sub-station which comes under the Gagret Electrical Division. The Gagret
sub-station has four operational feeders i.e. Gagret Deoli and Bharwain feeder, Bhaira Panjawar-Khad
feeder, Gagret Panjawar-Ispur feeder and Gagret local feeder which distribute power to the users. The
feeders are with 11KV capacity each.38
Figure 7-7: Schematic Map of Electricity Generation, Transmission and Distribution
Source: Made by VOYANTS, Gurugram based on information received from HPSEBL, Amb and Gagret Divisions, Una
36 Source: Census of India, 2011 37 Source: HPSEBL, Amb Division, Una 38 Source: HPSEBL, Gagret Division, Una
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
7.5.3 Outages and T&D Losses
The no. of scheduled outages have been reduced from seven times in a year in 2013 to two times in a
year in 2015 whereas the no. of unscheduled outages have been increased from 258 times in a year
in 2013 to 279 times in a year in 2015 in Gagret division. In Amb Division, the no. of scheduled outages
have been reduced from 39 times in a year in 2013 to 25 times in a year in 2015. The no. of
unscheduled outages have also been reduced from 77times in a year in 2013 to 33times in a year in
2015. It puts light on the fact, that the demand of power is more in Gagret division than the supply
whereas in Amb division, the power supply is trying to meet the demand. The gap between demand
and supply is more in Gagret area than Amb are.39
The T&D losses have been improved in both the divisions in terms of reducing the percentage loss of
electricity. The T&D losses in Gagret area have been reduced from 14.32% in 2013 to 8.78% in 2015
whereas in Amb area the reduction in losses is from 8.12% in 2013 to 6.25% in 2015.40
7.5.4 Demand Assessment
According the URDPFI guidelines, the standard service level of power is 2.74 KWH per capita per day.
For estimating the power supply demand at domestic level, the assumption of 8 hours power supply
has been taken into consideration. As per the URDPFI guideline and assumption, the power demand
at domestic level is 11.83 MW in the Planning Area. Other than the domestic demand estimation, the
demand of other sectors is estimated as 2.42 MW (assumed to be 20% of the domestic demand). The
total power demand in the Planning Area is estimated to be 14.19 MW. Considering 7.50% AT&C losses
i.e. 1.06 MW of the total power supply, the total power supply should be 15.25 MW in the Planning
Area.
39 Source: HPSEBL, Amb and Gagret Divisions, Una 40 Source: HPSEBL, Amb and Gagret Divisions, Una
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8. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE Social infrastructure is a subset of the infrastructure sector which includes assets that accommodate
social services. Social Infrastructure includes educational facilities, healthcare facilities and related
infrastructure, post office and telegraph services, recreational facilities, socio-cultural and public &
semi-public facilities. This chapter gives an overview of the social infrastructural facilities in Amb-
Gagret Planning Area which covers the distribution of educational and healthcare facilities, safety and
security, post-office & communication, public & semi-public facilities and issues & concerns related to
social infrastructure in Amb-Gagret Planning Area.
Introduction
Social infrastructure is a subset of the infrastructure sector which includes assets that accommodate
social services. Social Infrastructure includes educational facilities, healthcare facilities and related
infrastructure, post office and telegraph services, recreational facilities, socio-cultural and public &
semi-public facilities. This chapter gives an overview of the social infrastructural facilities in Amb-
Gagret Planning Area which covers the distribution of educational and healthcare facilities, safety and
security, post-office & communication, public & semi-public facilities and issues & concerns related to
social infrastructure in Amb-Gagret Planning Area.
Educational Facilities
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, more than 80 percent of the schools are run by the government and
remaining schools are run by private authorities.
Figure 8-1:Ownership of School facilities
in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Figure 8-2: Number of Government/ Private School Facility in
Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: VD-02029, Village Directory, Kangra
District, Census of India, 2011
Source: VD-02029, Village Directory, Kangra District, Census of India,
2011
The elementary educational facilities are evenly distributed in the planning area but to avail education
after elementary, school going population in the settlements such as Pratap Nagar, Adarsh Nagar,
Tibbi, Mubarak Pur and Shiv Bari have to commute to nearby facility located at a distance of less than
5 kms to avail education at Nehri, Amb, Kalruhi, Shiv Pur and Ambota respectively.
Government
81%
Private
19%
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Pre-Primary Primary Middle Secondary Sr. Secondary
Sch
oo
ls (
in n
um
be
r)
Government
Private
AMB-GAGRET 152
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The educational facilities, a level beyond elementary i.e. secondary and senior secondary are well
distributed among all the settlements except Pratap Nagar, Heera Nagar, Katauhar Kalan and Shiv Bari
where children commute around 5 to 10 kms to avail education.
Figure 8-3: Educational & Healthcare Facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Department of School Education & Literacy, School Location Mapping, Ministry of Human Resource Development,
Government of India seen on 19th April, 2016 (available at http://schoolgis.nic.in/index.html ) and Google Earth 2016,
prepared by VOYANTS
Table 8-1: URDPFI norms Guideline for educational Facilities
S. No. Institution URDPFI Guidelines
(Population per
unit)
Distance
Range
Area Requirement
(Ha)
1 Primary School 4,000 1-2 km 0.20 to 0.30
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2 Secondary School 15,000 5-7 km 0.30 to 0.50
3 Industrial Training Centre - 8-12 km 0.30 to 0.60
4 College 30,000 8-12 km 2.00 to 3.00
5 Professional College 30,000 8-12 km 1.00 to 1.50
6 Universities 50,000 8-12 km 2.00 to 3.00 Source: URDPFI
Table 8-2: Present (2017) and Future (2036) requirement for Education
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G-Gap
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the primary and secondary education facilities are more than the
current requirement. There are two colleges i.e. a Maharana Pratap Government Degree College and
a private Engineering college in the Planning Area (refer Error! Reference source not found.) whereas G
overnment Management Institutes are located outside the Planning Area i.e. Una, Hamirpur and a
private Management Institute at Pandoga. Besides, there is a government Polytechnic situated at
Ambota with the Planning Area. Moreover, there are professional colleges located outside the
Planning Area at Daulatpur, Tanda, Una, and Nehri that draws students from within the Planning Area.
It is found that all the educational facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area are sufficient as per the
standards provided in the URDPFI guidelines.
Medical Facilities
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, hierarchy can be seen in terms of healthcare facilities i.e. dispensary,
sub-centre, primary health centre, community health centre, hospital and veterinary centre.
Dispensary: There are 11 dispensaries in Amb-Gagret Planning Area and have a strength of 13 doctors
and 16 para-medical staff out of which 8 doctors and 12 para-medical staff are in-position. Residents
of Katauhar Kalan have to commute 5 to 10 kms in order to avail facilities at dispensary but the medical
Facility Present
population E R G required
area
Projected
population E R G Required
area
Primary School 38375
32
(Govt.
26 &
Private
6)
9 - - 60000 32
(Govt.
26 &
Private
6)
15 - -
Secondary
School
24
(Govt.
19 &
Private
4)
4 - - 24
(Govt.
19 &
Private
4)
4 - -
Industrial
Training
Centre
- - 1 0.30 - - 1 1
College 2 2 - - 2 2 - -
Professional
College
1 2 - - 1 2 - -
Universities - - 1 2.00 - - 1 1
AMB-GAGRET 154
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needs of the village are fulfilled by a Primary Health Sub-Center which is located within the village.
Rest of the villages have to commute less than 5 kms to avail basic medical treatment. As per the
norms, there should one dispensary at a population of 2,500 and in the Planning Area the existing
number of dispensaries are lesser than the requirement, therefore, there is a gap for 3 dispensaries
in the planning area. Hence, the dispensaries are not sufficient as per the current requirement.
Sub-Centre: There are 9 primary health sub-centers in Amb-Gagret Planning Area with a total strength
of 9 doctors and 18 para-medical staff out of which all the 9 doctors are in position and but only 9
para-medical staff is in position. People residing in Heera Nagar have to cover 5 to 10 kms to avail
medical facility whereas residents of Rampur has access to Primary Health Center within 5 kms. The
number of sub-centres in the planning area is less than the requirement with reference to the URDPFI
guidelines. There are 9 sub-centres existing in the planning area and the total requirement is 12,
hence, there a gap of 3 sub-centres. Therefore, the number of sub-centres are not adequate as per
the URDPFI guidelines.
Primary Health Centre: There are total 2 Primary Health Centres (PHC) in Amb-Gagret Planning Area.
The PHCs are located at Amb and Andora Nichla. Rest of the villages have to cover 5 to 10 kms to avail
medical treatment whereas people residing in Shiv Bari have to commute more than 10 kms to visit a
PHC. There is a total strength of 4 doctors in PHCs and all the 4 doctors are in position at these PHCs.
As per the URDPFI norms, there should be one PHC at a population of 20,000. Hence, the distribution
of PHCs in the planning area more than the requirement with reference to the planning standards.
Hospital: There is one allopathic hospital in Amb, namely, Government Hospital (refer Error! R
eference source not found.). There is a total strength of 2 doctors and 6 para-medical staff out of
which 2 doctors and 5 para-medical staff are in position.
According to the URDPFI standards, there should be one hospital at a population of 80,000. Therefore,
the distribution of hospitals in Amb-Gagret Planning Area is sufficient to cater the current as well as
future demand.
Veterinary Centre/Hospital: There are 7 veterinary hospitals in the planning area located at Andora
Upperla, Mubarak Pur, Ambota, Gagret, Dev Nagar, Shastri Nagar and Oyal. The total doctors in
position at these 4 hospital are 5. The existing veterinary hospitals in Amb-Gagret Planning Area are
adequate while comparing it with the distance range given in the URDPFI guidelines.
Table 8-3: URDPFI norms for healthcare facilities
S.
No.
Category URDPFI Guidelines
(Population served per
unit)
Distance
Range
Area requirement
1 Dispensary 2,500 2 to 4 km 0.015 to 0.02 Ha
2 Health Sub center 3,000 2 to 4 km 0.025 to 0.067 Ha
3 Family Welfare Centre 5,000 5 to 10 km 0.025 to 0.050 Ha
4 Maternity Home 15,000 5 to 10 km 0.025 to 0.050 Ha
5 Nursing Home 15,000 5 to 10 km 0.050 to 0.075 Ha
6 Primary Health Centre 20,000 16 to 20 km 0.105 to 0.210 Ha
7 Hospital (200 to 250
beds)
80,000 16 to 20 km 0.840 to 2.100 Ha
8 Veterinary Centre 1000 16 to 20 km 0.050 to 0.100 Ha
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Source: Urban & Regional Development Plans Formulation and Implementation (URDPFI) Guidelines, 2015 and VOYANTS
analysis based on VD-02029, Village Directory
Table 8-4: Present (2017) and future (2036) requirement for Health facilities
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G-Gap
Public & Semi-public Facilities
The public and semi-public facilities include anganwadi, community hall, police station, fire station,
disaster management cell, banking facility, commercial facility, post office and telecommunication
facility and recreational facility (refer Error! Reference source not found.).
8.4.1 Police Station
There is two Police Stations in the planning area situated at Amb and Gagret (refer Error! Reference s
ource not found.). These 2 Police Station of Amb and Gagret is catering the population of entire Amb-
Gagret Planning Area. As per the guidelines, there should be one police station at a population of
15,000. The existing facilities are not adequate as per the planning guidelines. So there is requirement
of one more police station in the planning area.
Table 8-5: URDPFI norms for Police station services
S. No. Service (Population served per unit) Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area
Requirement (Ha)
1 Police station 15,000 5 to 10 0.50
Facility Present
population E R G required
area
Projected
population E R G Required
area
Dispensary 38375
11 14 3 0.45 60000 11 24 13 0.195
Health Sub-
Centre
9 12 3 0.075 9 20 11 0.275
Family
Welfare
Centre
- 7 7 0.175 - 1 1 0.025
Maternity
Home
- 2 2 0.05 - 1 1 0.025
Nursing
Home
- 2 2 0.1 - 1 1 0.050
Primary Health
Centre (25 to
50 beds)
2 2 - - 2 40 38 3.99
Hospital (80
beds)
1 1 - - 1 1 - -
Veterinary
Centre
7 35 28 1.4 7 60 53 2.65
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Table 8-6: Present and Future requirement for Police station services
S.
No.
Service Present
population E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projected
populatio
n
E R G Required
area (Ha)
1 Police
station
38375 2 3 1 0.50 60000 2 4 2 1
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G-Gap
8.4.2 Fire Station
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, there is no fire station. But to deal with the fire incidents in the planning
area, there is one fire service station at Rampur in Una district which is situated at a distance of 33
kms from Amb and 35 km from Gagret. As per the URDPFI norms, at a population of 50,000, there
should be a fire station. The population of Amb-Gagret Planning Area is 38,375. Hence, fire services at
Rampur is sufficient to cater the needs. However, considering the growth of Industrial area in the
Planning Area, an independent fire station is required to cater to all fire emergencies within the
Planning Area.
Table 8-7: URDPFI norms for Fire station services
S. No. Service (Population served per unit) Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area
Requirement (Ha)
1 Fire station 50,000 - 0.30 to 0.80
Table 8-8: Present and Future requirement for Police station services
S.
No.
Service Present
population E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projected
populatio
n
E R G Require
d area
(Ha)
1 Fire
station
38375 1 1 - 0.30 60000 1 2 1 0.30
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G-Gap
8.4.3 Disaster Management Centre
The Office of Sub-Divisional Magistrate (SDM) of Amb Sub-Division has a Disaster Management Cell
that looks after the disaster management in Amb-Gagret Planning Area. According to the URDPFI
norms, there should be a Disaster management Centre at a population of 20,000. Hence, there is
requirement for one more Disaster Management Cell in the planning area according to the planning
norms.
Table 8-9: URDPFI norms for Disaster Management centre
S. No. Service (Population served per
unit)
Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area
Requirement (Ha)
1 Disaster
Management Centre
20,000 5 to 10 1.00
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Table 8-10: Present and Future requirement for Disaster Management centre
S.
No.
Service Present
population E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projected
populatio
n
E R G Require
d area
(Ha)
1 Disaster
Manage
ment
Centre
38375 1 2 1 1 60000 1 3 2 2
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G- Gap
8.4.4 Banking Facility
In terms of banking facilities, there are branches of nationalised banks available in the Planning Area
i.e. State Bank of India, Punjab National Bank, Canara Bank and State Bank of Patiala. In addition,
according to the census records (2011), there are 4 commercial banks, 13 co-operative banks and 17
Agricultural Credit Societies. As per the norms, there should be one bank at 10,000 population. In
Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the banking facilities are sufficient and it is more than prescribed in the
planning norms.
Table 8-11: URDPFI norms for Disaster Management centre
S. No. Service (Population served per
unit)
Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area
Requirement (Ha)
1 Bank 10,000 16 to 20 0.100 to 0.150
Table 8-12: Present and Future requirement for Disaster Management centre
S.
No.
Service Present
populatio
n
E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projected
population
E R G Required
area (Ha)
1 Bank 38375 34 4 - - 60000 34 6 - -
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G- Gap
8.4.5 Commercial Facility
The main commercial activities are located along the NH-70 in the planning area. There are two main
markets in the planning area, one is located in Amb and other is in Gagret. Both of these markets are
located along the national highway and are considered as main markets as entire population of the
planning area is dependent on these two markets. Besides this, commercial activities can also be seen
along the internal roads in the centre of Gagret. Moreover, there is convenience shopping facility in
each of the revenue village within the planning area.
According to URDPFI guidelines, one commercial centre should serve 10,000 populations. Hence,
there is requirement of four local convenience shopping facilities in the planning area according to the
planning norms.
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Table 8-13: URDPFI norms for Local Convenience shopping
S. No. Service (Population served per
unit)
Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area
Requirement (Ha)
1 Local Convenience
Shopping
10,000 2 to 4 0.50 to 0.10
Table 8-14: Present and Future Requirement for Local Convenience shopping
S.
No.
Service Present
populati
on
E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projecte
d
populati
on
E R G Require
d area
(Ha)
1 Local
Convenience
Shopping
38375 2 4 2 1 60000 2 6 4 2
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G-Gap
AMB-GAGRET 159
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Figure 8-4: Public & Semi-Public facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Prepared by VOYANTS Consultants on the basis of Google Maps, 2016
8.4.6 Post office
As per the Census of India (2011) records, there are 13 sub-post offices located at Amb, Heera Nagar,
Kalruhi, Andora Upperla, Mubarak Pur, Katauhar Kalan, Kuthera, Ambota, Gagret, Indira Nagar, Baroh,
Oyal and Kaloh. The main post office is located in Una. According to the URDPFI guidelines, there
should be one post office at a population of 10,000 and a rural post-office at a population of 2000. In
Amb-Gagret Planning Area, all the post-offices are existing as per the guidelines and are sufficient to
cater the demand of the planning area.
Table 8-15: URDPFI norms for Post office services
S. No. Service (Population served per
unit)
Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area
Requirement (Ha)
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1 Post office 10,000 5 to 7 0.10 to 0.15
2 Rural post office 2000 2 to 4 0.025 to 0.050
Table 8-16: Present and Future Requirement for post office
S.
No.
Service Present
populati
on
E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projecte
d
populati
on
E R G Require
d area
(Ha)
1 Post office 38375 13 4 - - 60000 13 6 - - Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required,G-Gap
8.4.7 Telecommunication
Amb-Gagret Planning Area is served by extensive network of telecommunication. Private
communication providers like Airtel, Vodafone, Reliance and BSNL are providing efficient service in
the entire planning area. The Amb-Gagret Planning Area is also well connected with the landline phone
connections whereas according to the village directory of Una district (2011), internet facility is
available only in 10 villages.
8.4.8 Community Centre
According to Census of India (2011), there are two community centres within the planning area. These
are located at Baroh and Oyal. According to the URDPFI guidelines, there should be a community
centre at a population of 10,000 but in planning area there is a gap of 1 additional community centre
as against the existing 2 community centres. Hence, in Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the community
centres are inadequate to cater the demand of the planning area.
Table 8-17: URDPFI norms for Community welfare centre
S. No. Service (Population served per
unit)
Distance between
two facilities (Km)
Area Requirement
(Ha)
1 Community Welfare
Centre
16,000 5 to 7 0.10 to 0.15
Table 8-18: Present and Future Requirement for post office
S.
No.
Service Present
populati
on
E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projecte
d
populati
on
E R G Required
area (Ha)
1 Community
welfare center
38375 2 3 1 0.10 60000 2 4 2 0.2
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required, G-Gap
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8.4.9 Recreational facility
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, there are six recreational centres and a Ram Leela Maidan is used for
conducting the cultural and religious events. Besides, there is no park. Apart from this, Census of India
records says that there are thirteen sports field located in Planning Area.
The recreational facilities are adequate as per the URDPFI norms. There is a requirement of four
housing area parks, five neighbourhood park and one botanical park as per the planning guidelines.
Table 8-19 URDPFI norms for Recreational Facilities
S. No. Category (Population served per unit) Area Requirement (Ha)
1 Housing Area Park 5,000 0.5 to 1.00
2 Neighborhood Park 10,000 1.20 to 2.00
3 City Parks/ playgrounds/maidan/
exhibition grounds/ cultural
gathering grounds
For entire town at one or more
sites, depending upon design
and space availability
--
4 Botanical Garden 1 for every town 10.00 to 20.00
5 Recreational complex including
zoo
1 for every settlement with
tourist potential
10.00 to 12.00
Table 8-20: Present requirement for Recreational facilities
S.
No.
Service Present
populati
on
E R G Required
area (Ha)
Projected
populatio
n
E R G Required
area (Ha)
1 Housing Area
Park
38375 - 8 8 4 60000 - 12 12 6
2 Neighborhood
Park
- 4 4 5 - 6 6 7.2
3 City Parks/
playgrounds/
maidan/
exhibition
grounds/
cultural
gathering
grounds
1 1 - - 1 1 - -
4 Botanical
Garden
- 1 1 10.00 - 1 1 10.00
5 Recreational
complex
6 1 - - 3 1 - -
Source: Estimation by Voyants
Note: E-Existing, R-Required
AMB-GAGRET 162
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TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
9. ENVIRONMENT
Forest Cover
In Amb Gagret Planning Area, 26.12% land is covered by forests. It is more than the district average
i.e. 13%. The south eastern portion of the Planning area falls under Chohar Range. Norhtern portion
of planning area is under Chintpurni range. This forest area is marked as un-demarcated protected
and open category forests.
Figure 9-1: Forest Cover in Planning Area Source: Voyants, Gurugram, 2017
The process of facilitating decision making to carry out land development with consideration to natural
environment along with social, political, economic and governance factors provides a holistic
framework to achieve sustainable outcomes. Therefore, study of environment and its relation with
future development activities are important for achieving sustainable development. The current
chapter covers the existing environmental conditions through the study of air and water quality
assessment and disaster management including the disaster vulnerability and measures to reduce the
impact of disasters in Amb-Gagret Planning area.
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Forest land is under open forest and that is not notified. These forest areas shall be conserved while
preparing the development framework. It is essential to mark the un-demarcated forests as well to
protect them and degradation over the time. The un-demarcated protected forests and open forests
can be used for collecting forest produce ensuring livelihood for the local people in the area.
Afforestation and regularized tree felling can be promoted for boosting the forest related economy in
the region.
Conservation of forest cover
Forest cover of planning area is more than district average. It is an important asset to planning area
and need to be safeguarded for providing sustained benefits to the community and diversion of such
land to other purpose should be done after careful examination from social and environmental
standpoint. 26.12% of forest cover shall be conserved and would function as green lungs Amb Gagret
Planning Area. A buffer around the boundary needs to be maintained as per the HP TCP Rules, 2015.
The minimum distance of 5.00m from Forest boundary shall be maintained and minimum distance
from existing tree shall be 2.00m41
Water bodies
9.3.1 Surface Water
Complete planning area fall within catchment area of Swan river. Swan river runs from North West to
South East part of planning area. There are 8 out of total 73 tributaries (Khad) of Swan river that fall
within planning area makes dense drainage network.
Figure 9-2: River and Drainage Map of Planning Area
Source: Irrigation and Flood Control Department, Gagret
41 Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning(Amendment) Rules, 2015
AMB-GAGRET 164
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
9.3.2 Conservation of Water-bodies
No building activity shall be carried out within 100m from the embankment of the river Beas and the
same shall be maintained as green buffer zone. No construction activity except agriculture shall be
allowed in area falling between green buffer zone to HFL. The construction shall be allowed at distance
of 10 Metre from Nallah and Khad respectively. The river front areas may be developed based on a
landscape plan with proper shelter design on the water expanse with attractive laser shows for
tourists and visitors during festive seasons. Any degradation of wetland or surface water body would
lead to habitat loss for birds, aquatic species and rare vegetation. Even deterioration of water quality
of such lakes may distract tourists. To check depletion of water bodies, Himachal Pradesh Town and
Country Planning (Amendment) Rules, 2015 the master plan recommends the following
a) Stop dumping of waste in the water bodies.
b) Stop earth filling of water bodies.
c) Encourage suitable recreational facility around water body to keep surveillance.
Figure 9-3: Flood map of Planning Area
AMB-GAGRET 165
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Source: Irrigation and Flood Control Department, Gagret
9.3.3 Water Quality
Water quality assessment and management is one of the vital element of water management. This
has gained significance over the years due to the growing concerns and awareness on environment
and health related impacts42.
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, the water discharge is being monitored at the Santokhgarh discharge
station. The data from 2013-2015 is being assessed to monitor the water quality in the Planning Area.
The mean and standard deviation for pH, Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand is
calculated (refer Table 9-1) to assess the water quality during April 2013- March 2015 in Amb-Gagret
Planning Area:
Table 9-1 Mean and Standard Deviation for Water Quality Assessment of Swan river in Amb-Gagret Planning
Area during April, 2013- March, 2015
Value pH Dissolved Oxygen (DO) Biochemical Oxygen
Demand (BOD)
Mean 8.14 6.7 4.6
Standard Deviation ± 0.6 ± 1.5 ± 5.9
Source: Himachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board (April 2013- March 2015)
It has been found that the pH value of the surface water is good as it falls under the permissible limits
of CPCB standards whereas the dissolved oxygen in water is close to mean 8.14 and a standard
deviation of ± 1.5. It is also found that the amount of dissolved oxygen is more than the minimum
requirement of 6 mg/l. Therefore, it is a good indicator for the sustenance of aquatic life. On the other
hand, the mean of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is 4.6 and ± 5.9 standard deviation. The
Biochemical Oxygen Demand falls under Class C of the standards prescribed by CPCB. Therefore, due
to presence of high BOD, the water can be used for drinking purpose only after the conventional
treatment.
9.3.4 Air Quality Assessment
There are several sources of air pollutants and their composition changes from time to time. The
concentration of air pollution varies according to the source of its generation, location and
topographical conditions of a particular location depending on its varying time and seasons. The
closest air quality monitoring station to Amb-Gagret Planning Area is located at Una. The analysis of
ambient air quality has been done based on the data received from Una station from Himachal
P adesh Pollutio Co t ol Boa d s offi ial e site43.
Table 9-2 Comparison of SO2, NO2 and RSM concentration with CPCB Ambient Air Quality Standards
Particular Permissible Limit
(Annual) by CPCB
2013-14 2014-15
SO2 μg/ 3 . μg/ 3 . μg/ 3
NO2 μg/ 3 . μg/ 3 . μg/ 3
RSPM μg/ 3 . μg/ 3 . μg/ 3
42 Government of India, Water Quality Assessment Authority, seen on 16th April, 2016, available at http://wqaa.gov.in/Content/History.aspx
43 http://hppcb.nic.in/airquality/Una.pdf
AMB-GAGRET 166
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Source: Ambient Air Quality Standards, Central Pollution Control Board & Air Quality Data (2013-15) Himachal Pradesh
Pollution Control Board
Concentration of Sulphur Dioxide:
The concentration of SO2 i the ai did t flu tuate u h du i g to efe Table 9-2) and it
is found to be under the permissible limit as per the ambient quality standards of CPCB.
Concentration of Nitrogen Dioxide:
The annual concentration of Nit oge Dio ide has i eased f o . μg/ 3 during 2013-14 to 50.1
μg/ 3 during 2014-15. The concentration of NO2 is a o e the pe issi le li it of μg/ 3 for
industrial, residential, rural and other areas given by CPCB ambient air quality standards. The presence
of NO2 is high during the summers and winters than rest of the months in a year (refer Table 9-2).
Concentration of RSPM:
The concentration of RSPM has i eased f o . μg/ 3 during 2013- to . μg/ 3 during
2014- . It is oti ed that the p ese e of ‘“PM i the ai is a o e the pe issi le li it of μg/ 3
for industrial, residential, rural and other areas given by CPCB standards for ambient air quality
monitoring. Though, RSPM is higher than the standards in all the months but in summer months i.e.
Ap il to Ju e it e eeds μg/ 3 (refer Figure 9-4). The main reasons for high concentration of RSPM
in the air may be due to the diesel driven vehicles and industrial emissions.
Figure 9-4 Monthly mean concentration of SO2, NO2 & RSPM at Una during 2013-15
Source: Himachal Pradesh Pollution Control Board (seen on 07/06/2016 http://hppcb.nic.in/airquality/Una.pdf)
Disaster Vulnerability Profile & Mitigation Measures
The nature of disastrous events is such that there is very less time to respond unless there is
preparedness to cope with the effects in pre-disaster and post-disaster stages. It is considered that
preparedness is the best measure to respond to catastrophic events for reducing the effects and
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Ap
r-1
3
Ma
y-1
3
Jun
-13
Jul-
13
Au
g-1
3
Sep
-13
Oct
-13
No
v-1
3
De
c-1
3
Jan
-14
Feb
-14
Ma
r-1
4
Ap
r-1
4
Ma
y-1
4
Jun
-14
Jul-
14
Au
g-1
4
Sep
-14
Oct
-14
No
v-1
4
De
c-1
4
Jan
-15
Feb
-15
Ma
r-1
5
NO
X in
μg
/ m
3 &
SO
2 i
n μ
g/
m3
RS
PM
in
μg
/ m
3
RSPM in μg/ m3 SO2 in μg/ m3 NOX in μg/ m3
AMB-GAGRET 167
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
mitigate the losses in terms of life and property44. Traditionally, preparedness during the time of
emergency involved the stockpiling of relief goods and providing basic needs to people in need45. It is
believed that capacity building for human response to is a long-term exercise for mitigating the impact
of disasters whereas the short-term contingencies include the finance that is required for providing
relief and restoration of infrastructure. Now-a-days, it has become important for the communities to
work closely with the local authorities in order to enhance their own capacities to prepare for and
manage the effects of various risks46.
According to Sub-Divisional Disaster Management Plan (2015) of Amb sub-division, the planning area
is prone to flash flood, fire accidents, drought, hailstorms, road accidents, chemical hazards,
stampede, earthquake, building collapses etc.
9.4.1 Fire Accidents
Fire related accidents are common during the summer season that causes immense loss to the human
lives, livestock, residential properties, jhuggi-jhopri clusters, industries and forest produce. In Amb-
Gagret Planning Area, major fire events have occurred in industries which resulted in huge losses
(refer Table 9-3).
Table 9-3 Historical Fire Hazard Events in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Date Name of Industry Cause Product Loss of Property
21/7/2008 Luminous Power Tel Pvt. Ltd., Gagret Fire Led Acid Batteries
etc.
13 crores approx.
24/06/2009 MBD Pvt. Ltd., Gagret Fire Paper Mills 5 crores approx.
Source: Sub-Divisional Disaster Management Plan, Amb Sub-Division, District Una, 2015
MITIGATION MEASURES
At present the Sub-Division has following measures in order to cope up with Fire Incidents,:
- A fire service station at Una which has a manpower of 21 personnel, 3 vehicles including 1 fire
vosuer,1 water tender and a small water tender. In addition to this, there are enough hydrants
available with I&PH department Division No.I & II.
- Fire extinguishers are installed in all the government offices and all heads of offices have been
directed to take immediate action on it.
- A fire tender has been purchased for Temple Trust of Chintpurni temple. In case of fire
incidents, Home Guards and Jawans of 1st IRB Bangarh and Police are available for
deployment. There are five companies of Home Guards having 478 Home Guards and one
company of 1st IRB comprising of 100 trained men available.
44 Government of India, 2012, District Disaster Management Plan: District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, the Government of
India-UNDP Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) Programme (2009-12), UNDP. 45 World Health Organization, 2007, Risk reduction and emergency preparedness: WHO six-year strategy for the health sector
and community capacity development, WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland p.9. (available on
http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/preparedness/emergency_preparedness_eng.pdf ) 46 World Health Organization, 2007, Risk reduction and emergency preparedness: WHO six-year strategy for the health sector
and community capacity development, WHO Document Production Services, Geneva, Switzerland p.9. (available on
http://www.who.int/hac/techguidance/preparedness/emergency_preparedness_eng.pdf )
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- At community level, disaster management committees are formed and Sub-Division is working
on capacity building of the committee members to handle any sudden fire incident.
However, there is no fire station in Amb Gagret Planning Area. However, considering the presence of
Industrial area in the Planning Area, an independent fire station is required to cater to all fire
emergencies within the Planning Area. It is proposed to have 1 fire station in planning area.
In addition to the above mentioned mitigation measures, there shall be fire extinguishers installed in
each industry and each industry shall have officials deputed for fire management. Such designated
officials shall be trained in fire management and capacity building exercises shall be conducted at each
industry on a regular basis.
9.4.2 Drought
Drought affect the crops resulting into shortage of food and fodder. The government provides
subsidies to the farmers if the losses are above 50 percent. In order to meet the requirement of fodder,
wheat straw is imported by the government from Punjab and provide it to farmers at a subsidized
rate.
MITIGATION MEASURES
To get over the drought situation in planning area, the following measures have been taken up by the
Sub-Divisional administration:
- I&PH departments is identifying the water scarcity areas and installing hand pumps in drought
prone areas.
- Traditional water sources are also cleaned and disinfected for making them usable.
- In some areas of Amb, where the water sources are completely dried; the drinking water is
supplied through tankers in the summer season.
- I&PH department is looking after the drought situation from time to time. In order to mitigate
the impact of climate change and drought on agriculture and horticulture, Sub-Division is
using MNREGA, DPAP and SWAN Watershed project to enhance irrigational potential by way
of constructing water harvesting structures.
- Revenue department is responsible for taking immediate action on the loss assessment to
provide relief to farming community as per the provisions of relief manual and also to submit
the case for special assistance from the State as well as Central government.
9.4.3 Floods
Amb-Gagret Planning Area is endowed with seasonal rivers and khads. The main river that crosses
across the planning area i.e. Swan river is vulnerable to floods and it is k o as “o o of U a Dist i t . The Disaste Ma age e t Depa t e t ha e ide tified the illages that a e p o e to floods (refer Figure 9-5).
MITIGATION MEASURES
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- The Swan River Integrated Watershed Management Project47 was sanctioned for channelizing
the embankment in 2006-07 to cater to the degradation in the catchment area.
- The first phase of the Swan River Channelization was completed in year 2009 for the river
between Jhalera Bridge and Santokhgarh, benefiting large number of people inhabiting on its
banks. The successful execution of the first phase had helped in reclaiming the entire 2,260
hectare of land which is now being used for agricultural purposes.
- The second phase included construction of embankments on both banks of Swan River from
Gagret Bridge to Jhalera with a total length of 28.34 km. Phase to is completed in 2015-16
- A separate Flood Protection Division is established at Gagret which is channelizing the Swan
River and its tributaries. Also, villages are given early warnings well before the onset of rainy
season and during the rainy season to prevent life and property.
- Quick Response Teams of Sub-Divisional Police, 1st IRB at Bangarh and Home Guards are kept
at high alert during the rainy season.
As a part Watershed Management Project, Department of Irrigation and Flood Control, Gagret have
identified high flood line for Swan river and its tributaries.
Construction of such embankment have reduced effective catchment area of Swan river. However, it
is unsafe to allow any development activities in demarcated flood prone area. In future only
Agriculture/Recreation related activities shall be allowed in such areas.
47 Swan River Integrated Watershed Management Project, Himachal Pradesh Forest Department,
http://swanriverproject.nic.in/content/2_1_AboutUs.aspx
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Figure 9-5 Flash Flood vulnerability map of Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Sub-Divisional Disaster Management Plan of Amb, District Una, 2015
9.4.4 Road Accidents
The main national highway connecting Jalandhar to Mandi i.e. NH 3 pass through Amb-Gagret
Planning Area. The presence of religious sites in and around the planning area results in heavy traffic
during the religious events. The planning area is prone to road accidents as the traffic increases every
year during the religious events. The major cause of road accidents is negligence of traffic rules.
MITIGATION MEASURES
Sub-Divisional Police has formulated a strategy to maintain round the clock road discipline. Una
Division receives large number of undisciplined traffic complaints related to heavy traffic and light
good carriers carrying passengers.
The passenger carriers are overloaded with passengers and majority of them enters from the
neighbouring states of Punjab and Haryana. There are no check posts for adhering the traffic rules.
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9.4.5 Earthquake
Entire Una district is vulnerable to earthquakes of severe intensity and the Amb-Gagret Planning
Area falls in seismic zone range of IV and III of earthquake (refer Figure 9-6). The epicentre of various
earthquakes that had hit Himachal Pradesh in the past are shown along with their intensity on
Richter scale. The population at the risk of earthquake has also been shown with the buffer along
the thrust and fault line. It shows that Amb-Gagret Planning Area falls under zone IV and III but it
is not located on any fault line. According to the Sub-Divisional Disaster Management Plan of Amb,
government buildings in the rural areas, especially those constructed through Gram Panchayats
such as schools, community centres, mahila mandal bhawans, youth club, anganwari centres are
vulnerable to damage due to lack of inclusion of seismic features for construction of such buildings.
Figure 9-6 Earthquake Hazard Vulnerability map of Himachal Pradesh
Source: Himachal Pradesh State Disaster Management Authority, Resource List-Maps, seen on 22/06/2016 available at
http://www.hpsdma.nic.in/ResourceList/Maps/EQHimachal.jpg
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MITIGATION MEASURES
- Preparedness: Community preparedness is important for mitigating the impact of
earthquake. Sub-Divisional administration is in process of undertaking effective programs
with the help of Panchayati Raj Institutions and Civil Body Organizations such as Mahila
Mandal, Youth Mandal, village health and sanitation committees and village level disaster
management committees along with the financial assistance from State and Central
government.
- Public Education: Imparting education regarding the earthquake is important. Preparedness
through public education includes educating the public on the causes and characteristics of
an earthquake and how should they respond to it. Public education programs have been
designed to reach the vulnerable groups.
- Building Design: Architectural and engineering built designs shall be incorporated while
constructing a new structure. Identification of type of soil prior to site finalisation shall be
made mandatory and construction of buildings on soft soil shall be restricted. Enforcement of
building byelaws shall be made strict.
Figure 9-7: Earthquake Hazard Vulnerability Zone Map of Planning Area
Source: Hazard Vulnerability and Risk Analysis Atlas,Disaster Management Cell, Department of Revenue, HP
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In addition to this, IITK-BMTPC Ea th uake Tips: Lea i g “eis i Desig a d Co st u tio EQ Tip 18, 23, 24)48 shall be followed prior to any construction activity.
9.4.6 Chemical Hazard
Area bordering to Punjab such as Gagret in Amb-Gagret Planning Area has presence of few chemical
establishments that are highly vulnerable to chemical hazard (refer Table 9-4). Besides these, there are
LPG cylinder storage houses and LPG Tubing Rubber establishments that are also vulnerable to fire
hazard and chemical hazard in case of any accident in LPG installations.
Table 9-4 Chemical Hazard Events in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Year Name of the Industry Cause Chemical/Product Loss of Property
2005 M/s Shree Balaji Magnese Pvt. Ltd.,
VPO Gagret
Short-Circuit Ferro Alloys 268.43 lakhs
2010 M/s Kanaiya Industries, VPO Basal Short-Circuit P.U.Foam 200.00 lakhs Source: Sub-Divisional Disaster Management Plan of Amb, District Una, 2015
48 IITK--BMTPC Ea th uake Tips: Lea i g “eis ic Desig a d Co st uctio , Natio al I fo atio Ce t e of Ea th uake Engineering, IIT Kanpur, India seen on 16th June 2016
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10. HERITAGE AND CONSERVATION
In terms of physical and cultural heritages, Himachal Pradesh is one of the important states in India.
The state is called as the De Bhoo i of I dia hich e isages the cultu al a d eligious i po ta ce it possesses. The chapter deals with natural and cultural heritages Baijnath Planning Area and
surroundings have, the conservation of heritages, places of interest in and around the planning area,
tourism prospect in the planning area and issues regarding heritage conservation, promotion and
present status of tourism infrastructure.
Introduction
According to the Regional Master Plan of National Capital Region (2021)49, the heritage in a region
can be natural or man-made. Natural heritage includes environment, mountains, rivers and lakes,
forests etc. whereas man-made heritage covers the monuments, archaeological sites, religious
structures, old buildings etc.
Heritage in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Amb-Gagret Pla i g A ea does t ha e a places of tourist attraction except Shiv Bari temple
which is of historical significance and Swan river bank that offers natural picturesque view (refer Figure
10-1). There are places around the planning area that comprises natural, cultural and historical
heritage.
10.2.1 Natural Heritage
There are no defined or marked natural heritages in and around the planning area but few beautiful
landscapes need the focus in terms of its promotion and conservation:
Pong Dam:
The Maharana Pratap Sagar reservoir or Pong Dam, situated at a distance of 46 km from Amb-Gagret
Planning area. Pong Dam is endowed with the presence of migratory birds. Therefore, activities like
bird watching, photography, fishing and water sports attract tourists from around the world (refer
Error! Reference source not found.). The reservoir is a well-known wildlife sanctuary and one of the 2
5 international wetland sites declared in India by the Ramsar Convention50. Over 220 bird species have
been recorded in and around the lake area. A regional water-sports centre has been established in
the Pong Dam Reservoir, which offers focused activities such as canoeing, rowing, sailing, and water
skiing, apart from swimming.
49 Ministry of Urban Developme t, ‘egio al Pla - : Natio al Capital ‘egio , Go e e t of I dia, p. 5-128 50 ENVIS Centre on Wildlife & Protected Area, seen on 09/06/2016 at
http://wiienvis.nic.in/Database/ramsar_wetland_sites_8224.aspx
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Figure 10-1: Tourist Places in and around Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Prepared by VOYANTS on the basis of Google Maps, 2016
Swan River:
The Swan River originates from Joh-Marwari village near Daulatpur Chowk in Amb Tehsil of Una
district of Himachal Pradesh and flows down through the inter-mountain valley of Una district and
dividing it longitudinally. The river creates a picturesque valley inside the planning area. Shiv Bari
which is known for historical temple, is also located on the bank of river Swan near Gagret (refer Error! R
eference source not found.).
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10.1 Man-Made Heritage
In Amb-Gagret Planning Area, there is Shiv Bari
temple that is of cultural importance (refer Figure
10-2). Besides this, Chintpurni temple is also of
cultural importance but it is located outside the
planning area.
Shiv Bari Temple:
Shiv Bari temple is located on the bank of Swan
River. Shiv Bari temple is a spot which is believed
to have been the practicing range for archery
pupils (Shishya) of Guru Dronacharya. As per a
elief the lo d “hi a s te ple i the “hi Ba i as got constructed by Guru Dronacharya to facilitate his daughter Jayati to worship lord Shiva. This
temple is believed to be 5000 years old. Besides this, there is a big mela organised down the open
space towards the north at the time of Shivratri. This place is visited by many pilgrims on the way back
from Chintpurni Devi temple which is around 17 kms away from Shiv Bari.
Chintpurni Temple:
The Chintpurni temple is located outside the planning area at a distance of 24 kms from Gagret. The
Chintpurni is among one of the Shaktipeeth and is an important pilgrimage site for the tourists.
Chintpurni fair is held near the temple of Goddess Bhagwati Chhinmastaka, where, it is said that the
mother Goddess appeared in astral form in ancient times. The Chintpurni temple is one of the
important religious spot in Himachal Pradesh where every year end number of the tourists and
pilgrims is noted (refer Error! Reference source not found.). Built of stone in the 9th century AD in the s
hikhara style, it is a fine blend of sculpture and architecture. Its base is square and a dome provides
the center of its roof. The temple is situated on one of the highest peaks of the Sola Singhi range of
hills. The outside of the temple is beautiful with some exquisitely carved floral pattern and images of
deities
Dera Baba Bharbhag Singh Gurudwara
Earlier known as Dera Baba, Sain baba Bharbhag Singh ji established this Gurudwara in Una which is
flocked by thousands of Pilgrims every year. It is located outside the Planning Area, at a distance of 78
kms from Una and Jalandhar serves as the nearest airport and rail connectivity to the Gurudwara.
Covered by Eucalyptus trees, the Gurudwara stands on top of the hill. Pilgrims planning an overnight
stay can rest at The PWD Guest House as well as the Gurudwara Sarai. Baba Bhar Bhag Singh Mela and
Hola Mohalla Fair are some of the famous fairs or rather festivals that are organized during February
to offer salutations to Bharbhag Singh Ji who was celebrated for his miraculous powers. Held, during
the festival of Holi, this fair is one of its kinds in India and is known for curing mental illness.
Other places of interest around the Planning Area are Guga Jahar Pir in Amb. Another is the Gurudwara
Bada Badd Bhag Singh in Mairi which is located at a distance of 20 kms (approximately) from Amb.
Figure 10-2: Shiv Bari Temple in Amb-Gagret
Planning Area
Source: Voyants, Site Visit
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Most of the places of interest in and around the Planning area attract pilgrimage tourist attributed by
many of these religious temples and Gurudwaras.
10.3 Conservation of Heritage
10.3.1 Man-Made Heritage
The Department of Language, Art & Culture at Una looks after the conservation of Chintpurni temple.
Chintpurni is an ancient temple and visited by lakh devotees, therefore, Chintpurni temple has its own
Temple Trust that looks after the management and conservation of the temple is taken care by the
Department of Art and Culture at Una.
Though, the Shiv Bari temple is of cultural significance but as of now, they have not by covered by any
of the following department, the Department of Art and Culture, Archaeological Survey of India and
INTACH.
10.3.2 Natural Heritage
Swan River watershed management project is a first step by the State government to conserve
the natural heritage of Swan River. The project started in April 2006 and it mainly focuses on
the restoration of the degraded forest land, protection of agricultural land and increase in
agricultural and forestry products by carrying out integrated watershed management,
including afforestation, construction of flood control facilities, soil protection and land
reclamation, agricultural development and income generating activities.
All the identified areas of natural heritages should be protected in terms of land use and
pollution control in the vicinity to ensure the protection of eco-sensitive zone.
Tourism Prospect
The Amb-Gag et Pla i g A ea does t ha e uch potential for tourism development but the
unexplored tourist spots of natural, historical and cultural importance can be developed to attract
tourists from the neighbouring areas. Besides this, conservation of places of natural, historical and
cultural significance shall be covered under the Conservation Act.
Apart from this, Mela ground and Shiv Bari that are of cultural importance in the planning area shall
be developed for tourism. Additionally, there shall be no development within a buffer of 25 meters
along the Swan River and Shiv Bari temple. Also, river front development of Swan River can also be
developed in order to preserve the natural heritage in the planning area.
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11. SWOT ANALYSIS SWOT analysis is a powerful technique for providing a basic straight forward model that provides
direction and can serve as a basis for the development plan. It has concentrated on issues that
potentially have a major impact on the planning area. It is an important step in planning and also
helpful in accomplishing the objectives of the development plan and obtaining the desired results by
maximizing the potential of the strengths and opportunities and minimizing the impact of weakness
and threats. Hence, while developing the plan of Amb Gagret, a SWOT analysis has been conducted.
Strength Weakness
Location & Connectivity:
Amb Gagret Planning area is located along
NH-3 and NH-503
Amb Planning area become a Transit and
Gateway town for travelers going to the
famous city of Dharamshala or locations
within the Himalayas such as Kullu, Manali,
Jawalamukhi, and Chintpurni.
Buses are available for all major towns of
Himachal and North India including Delhi,
Chandigarh, Shimla, and Dharmshala
The Amb railway station (Station Code-
AADR) is situated 1.8 km from the Amb bus
stand
Railway line is under construction which will
connect Amb further to Talwara
Infrastructure:
Major settlements of Planning area is having
self-sustaining social infrastructure facilities
Economy
Major part of planning area is flat and fertile
plain of Swan river. It is suitable for any kind
of development
The Amb and Gagret Industrial areas
constitute 33% of the total Industrial area in
the Una district
Tertiary Sector is rapidly developing due to
major inflow of religious tourist passing
through planning area
……. % la d is u de elopa le due to
Forest, steep slopes, river/khad
buffers etc, that are restricting
future development.
Inadequacy of Public transport
infrastructure. Lack of space for bus
stops at Amb and Mubarikpur
Direct connectivity of Amb Gagret is
poor due to unavailability of proper
road infrastructure at Swan river
crossing.
Both industrial activities at Amb and
Gagret Industrial area is completely
developed but most of the units are
sick.
No dedicated parking areas
Haphazard and uncontrolled
development commercial
establishment along major
highways are creating traffic
congestion
Lack of building bylaws and
regulations leading to frequent fire
incidents in industrial areas.
No disaster management system
within planning area.
Opportunity Threats
Opportunity for development of transit
infrastructure amenities along major
highways passing through Planning Area.
Una district is a seismic-prone area.
Amb Gagret Planning Area falls
under high risk seismic zone IV.
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Development of Hospitality industry
targeting tourist passing through planning
area
The planning area comprises of 43%
Agriculture land. This will aid the proposed
Agro Processing Industries.
Strategic and central location from Una,
Hoshiarpur, Pathankot provides opportunity
to develop Planning area as center for trade,
commerce and Mandi.
Establishment of training centers and
vocational courses to provide skilled
workforce for existing industrial base.
Development of Hindu Temple Circuit-
Shivbadi - Jwalamukhi - Brajeshwari -
Chintpurni - Naina Devi Baijnath –
Manimahesh.
Entire planning area is under
catchment area of Swan river. 25%
of Planning area falls under flood
prone area.
Lack of firefighting infrastructure in
planning area is leading to frequent
fire incident in Industrial area.
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12. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
The overall planning and development in the state is primarily under the purview of the Town and
Country Planning Department (TCPD), Government of Himachal Pradesh. Understanding the
institutional background of the Department along with the roles and responsibilities of the various
functionalities are the key to obtain a complete coordinated planning development.
Organisational Structure
The Directorate of Town and Country Planning, Himachal Pradesh, headquartered in Shimla, having
divisional and sub-divisional offices in various districts of the state. There are a total of seven
Divisional, five Sub-divisional Town and Country planning Offices and three Town Planning Offices in
the entire state. All the Divisional offices are headed by Town and Country Planners, followed by
Assistant Town Planners, and Planning Officers. Table 13.1 shows the locations and jurisdictions of all
the TCP offices in the state:
Table 12-1: Organisational setup - Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh
Sl. No. Office Headquarter Jurisdiction
1 Directorate of Town
and Country Planning
Shimla Himachal Pradesh
2 Divisional Town
Planning Offices
Shimla Shimla & Kinnaur Districts and Spiti Sub-
Division of L & S District.
Solan Solan District
Mandi Mandi and Bilaspur Districts
Kullu Kullu and Lahul Sub-Division of Lahul and
Spiti District
Hamirpur Hamirpur and Una District
Dharamshala Kangra and Chamba Districts
Nahan Sirmaur District
3 Sub-Divisional Town
Planning Offices
Una Una District
Chamba Chamba District
Bilaspur Bilaspur District
Rampur Bushekar Part of Shimla and Kinnaur Districts
Parwanoo Part of Solan District i.e. including Parwanoo
Planning Area and Jabli Special Area.
4 Town Planning Offices Palampur Palampur, Baijnath-Paprola Planning Area
and Bir Billing Special Area
Manali Manali Planning Area
Sundernagar Sundernagar Planning Area Source: Official website – Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh
The Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD) is headed by the Director followed by a State
Town Planner responsible for the development of urban areas in the state. The following is the
organogram for the Department of Town and Country Planning along with the officials involved in
authority for preparation of the Development Plan for six cities:
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Figure 12-1: Organogram - Department of Town and Country Planning, Himachal Pradesh
Source: VOYANTS, Gurugram
CHAMBAAssistant Town Planner, Chamba
Planning Officer (1)
DEPARTMENT OF TOWN AND COUNTRY PLANNING, HIMACHAL PRADESH
Town Planning Offices
SHIMLAAssistant Town Planner, Shimla
Planning Officer (2)
RAMPURAssistant Town Planner, Rampur
SOLANAssistant Town Planner, Solan
Planning Officer (2)
PARWANOOAssistant Town Planner, Parwanoo
Planning Officer (1)
DHARAMSHALAAssistant Town Planner, Dharamshala
Planning Officer (2)
PALAMPURPlanning Officer, Palampur
MANDIAssistant Town Planner, Mandi
Planning Officer (2)
BILASPURAssistant Town Planner, Bilaspur
Planning Officer (1)
KULLUAssistant Town Planner, Kullu
Planning Officer (2)
MANALIPlanning Officer, Manali
HAMIRPURAssistant Town Planner, Hamirpur
Planning Officer (2)
UNAAssistant Town Planner, Una
SUNDERNAGARPlanning Officer, Sundernagar
NAHANAssistant Town Planner, Nahan
Planning Officer (1)
State Town Planner
Director
Divisional Office Sub-Divisional Office
SHIMLAAssistant Town Planner, Shimla
Research Officer (2)
Tehsildar
Superintendent Grade – I
AC (Finance & Accounts)
Law Officer
Headquarters
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Local Government
The power and control amongst various stakeholders, the hierarchy of government and the
espo si ilities that the ea h hold, fo s the ajo a k o e of the state s o e all g o th a d development. In case of urban areas, the administration and local governance is under the Nagar
Panchayat whereas in rural areas, it is taken care of by the Panchayati Raj Institutions. These
institutions also form the political unit in their respective areas and is the highest decision making
body within their respective jurisdictions.
Panchayat:
Panchayati Raj system in Himachal Pradesh was established in a statutory form under the provisions
of the Himachal Pradesh Panchayati Raj Act, 1952 in the year 1954. The Gram Panchayat is responsible
for facilitating services in villages and rural areas. Some of the functions, duties and responsibilities of
the Gram Panchayat are as follows:
Sanitation, conservancy and drainage and the prevention of public nuisances;
Curative and preventive measures in respect of any epidemic;
Supply of drinking water and disinfecting the sources of supply and storage of water;
The maintenance, repair, construction and protection of public streets;
The removal of encroachments of public streets or public places;
The management and care of public tanks;
Organizing voluntary labour for upliftment of its area;
The control and administration of the Gram Panchayat Fund;
The imposition, assessment and collection of the taxes, rates or fees;
The maintenance and control of Dafadars and Chowkidars;
Administration of Nyaya Panchayat, etc.
Nagar Panchayat:
The Nagar Panchayat is a form of urban local government under the 74th Constitutional Amendment
Act for settlements which area under the transition phase from rural to urban. It is the highest decision
making body and is responsible for the facilitation of all services and utilities in the urban area. Some
of the functions, duties and responsibilities of the Nagar Panchayat are as follows:
Provision of essential utilities and services to the urban area.
Urban infrastructure provision such as sanitation, Water supply, drainage, etc.
Road provision in every ward with provision of Street lighting and other services.
Education facilities in urban areas including adult literacy programme
Records of births and deaths
Interdepartmental Co-ordination:
Under the local government, there are several sectorial institutions catering to both local and state
level needs. The responsibilities of the sectorial institutions and line departments play one of the most
pivotal role in the preparation of the Development Plan. The overall planning, implementation and
management of infrastructure will be governed by these institutions.
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The following are the line departments involved while preparing the Development Plan:
Figure 12-2: Institutions involved for Preparation of Development Plan
Source: VOYANTS, Gurugram
Roads and drainage
Preparation of Development
Plan for Various Planning and
Special Area of Himachal
Pradesh
Public Works
Department
Electricity and Power
Supply
Himachal Pradesh State
Electricity Board
Vehicle Registration
Sub-Divisional
Magistrate Office
Education facilities, Schools
and Colleges
District Level
Education Department
Land-use, Land Tenure and
Ownership
Tehsildar Office
Irrigation and Water Supply
Himachal Pradesh Irrigation
and Public Health Department
Cultivation and Socio -
Economic
Block Development
Office
Health and Medical
facilities
Block Medical Office and
Civil Hospital
Urban Level Services and
Facilities
Village level Services and
Facilities
Panchayat
Nagar Panchayat
Local Government
Line Departments
Data Collected
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Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977.
The Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly has enacted the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country
Planning Act, 1977 under the directions of the State Government. The Act amended in 2013, where
the provisions of new repealed Himachal Pradesh Apartment and Property Regulation Act of 2005 has
been incorporated.
Objective and Purpose of the Act:
The main objective of the Act is to make provisions for the preparation of development plans and
Sectorial Plans by ensuring for the effective execution and implementation of all Town Planning
Schemes by the Town and Country Development authority. The Act also provides provision for the
overall planning and development of various land uses and compulsory acquisition of land required
by the Special Area Development Authority for the purpose of development and administration of the
development plans.
The purpose of the Act, under Chapter IV defines the limits of the Planning area and the provisions for
preparation of Development Plans. The State Government defines the limits of the planning area. The
Director of the Town and Country Planning for the State are subject to providing rules and regulations
for all planning initiatives that can be taken up under a Development Plan. The Town and Country
Planning Authority is the implementing authority under the Town Development Scheme.
Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014:
The Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules was legislated by the State Government in
2014 to exercise the powers of the Act. The Rules provides for the definition of a planning area and
development plans. It also provides for norms, regulations and guidelines for the Development
Controls and Use of Land that is to be followed while preparing a Development Plan such as
regulations for sub-division of land, change of land use, and development of land and construction of
building in areas where land use is frozen.
Industrial Policy, 2004
The objective of the industrial policy is to boost the confidence of investors and catalyse industrial
expansion in our State. This policy also intends to specifically announce the State Government strategy
to address a wide range of macro policy issues aimed at boosting investment climate in the State by
way of creating and upgrading the existing infrastructure, rationalizing the provision of incentives,
concessions and facilities as well as streamlining rules/procedures having a direct impact on
investment flows to the State. The Policy Statement also intends to focus on specific micro factors
affecting the overall investment climate in the State such as technology up-gradation, quality
improvement and productivity, so that industrial units set up in the State can effectively compete and
keep pace with global standards.
This policy intends to:
Serve as a guideline for achieving the objective of uniform growth of industry and service sector
throughout the State.
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Disperse industries and service sector activities.
Facilitate generation of employment opportunities for local resource owners and
stakeholders.
State Government's commitment and approach to the development of key infrastructural
sectors like Power, Housing, Social infrastructure Development, Human Resource
Development and Vocational Education so as to create a congenial investment climate for
existing industry to grow as well as to attract further investments in the State.
To Clearly bring out Industrial Incentives of fiscal nature
To Specifically address the issues impeding industrial growth such as procedures for setting
up of industry, obtaining permissions required under various Labour Laws, addressing issues
related to Transportation of industrial produce so as to lay the foundation of strong and
consistent growth of the industrial sector.
Implementation arrangements:
The implementation of the Development Plan will be undertaken by the Local Authorities and allied
line departments guided by the Department of Town and Country Planning and Special Area
Development Authorities. Table 13.2 shows the institutional arrangement responsible for different
sectors in the Development Plan:
Table 12-2: Project implementation arrangement
Sl.
No
Sector Competent Authority Project Implementation framework
1 Land Tehsildar, Sub – Divisional
Magistrate (SDM)
All land acquisition, land pooling and land utilization
processes will be as per the Act after approval from
the Sub-Divisional Magistrate
2 Built Up Town and Country Planning
Department (TCPD)
All building construction and land use pattern will be
as per the Development Control Regulations drafted
in the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning
Rules, 2014.
3 Water
Supply
Himachal Pradesh Irrigation and
Public Health Department (HPIPH)
Laying of new water lines and improvement of water
infrastructure will be as per the approval of the HPIPH
4 Power
Supply
Himachal Pradesh State Electricity
Board (HPSEB)
Laying of new transmission lines and improvement of
power infrastructure will be as per the approval of the
HPSEB
5 Transportati
on
Public Works Department (PWD) Construction of new roads and provision of drainage
infrastructure is as per the approval from the PWD.
6 Education Department of Higher Education
(DHE), Himachal Pradesh
Construction of new schools will be as per the
approval of the DHE although Universities and college
approval is done by the State Education Board.
7 Health Health & Family Welfare
Department (HFW), Himachal
Pradesh
Construction of new health centers and improvement
of health service infrastructure is as per the approval
of the state HFW.
8 Tourism Department of Tourism and Civil
Aviation (DTCA), Himachal Pradesh
Proposal for new tourism products or improvement
in tourism infrastructure will be as per the approval
of the DTCA.
Source: VOYANTS, Gurugram
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13. VISION AND CONCEPT The Vision
In order to prepare a sustainable land use plan providing optimum utilization of space in a balanced
manner considering the existing scenario for future, it is mandatory to frame VISION for the planning
area. For the purposes of preparing a realistic and implementable plan exhaustive surveys, studies and
consultations were taken up before formulating the Vision for the plan for target year 2036.
The Amb-Gagret Planning Area has been considered in a regional context and all planning proposals
have been drafted to fit into the entire range of regional and local requirements worked out in a
balanced manner.
The proposals and recommendations aim to development Amb-Gagret into a planned and self-
sustainable urban centre, making optimum utilization of its strategic location as a transit area for
people passing through it, thereby, catering to its economic development. The plan also ensures
provision of adequate and sustainable infrastructure facilities for all by the target year 2036.
This vision is about setting out a pathway to long-term, sustainable, inclusive development in Amb-
Gagret Planning Area.
The Vision of the 2036 Amb-Gagret Development Plan is-
A environmentally sustainable urban centre with all facilities for transit tourism activities and
small/ medium scale industries to boost economy with provision for adequate and equitable
infrastructure facilities for all, efficient transportation having safety and security form natural and
manmade disasters.
Goals:
To have effective disaster mitigation measures, preparedness and management
To conserve and protect environmentally sensitive and ecologically fragile areas
To achieve compact development with good roads, transport facilities, and infrastructure
provision.
Achieve economic growth by increasing production and employment in all sectors – primary,
secondary and tertiary sectors.
Provide safe livable neighborhoods.
Provide efficient, equitable and sustainable infrastructure (both physical and social).
Provide a framework for identifying and assessing priorities and a guide for implementing
recommended strategies and actions.
Strategies and Development Policy
The Compact City Concept has been adopted in the planning policies of this development plan for the
following benefits:
Efficient use of land while curtailing sprawl.
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Strengthening transport system.
A socially interactive environment with vibrancy of activities.
Economic viability.
The Development Policies for the proposed Development Plan covers three key areas: social capital,
infrastructure development and economic development.
Center development with integrated residential, commercial, and industrial functions in the
traffic nodal points.
Acceleration of new industrial and commercial business development.
Creation of a housing environment where residences are in close proximity to offices and
connect this area to the urban core with public transportation network.
Development of active planned parks and greens for environmental symbiosis.
Conservation of superior agricultural lands.
Conservation of the natural open forest area and provision of river and stream buffers for
flood control.
Conservation of natural environment, such as riverside area, which contributes on multi-
function such as flood control and biodiversity.
Formulate urban development project for public welfare (e.g., social housing and
improvement of urban space).
Implement public development projects.
Provide legal force for fundamental urban planning system.
13.2.1.1 Developing as a Transit Tourist centre:
With fairly good connectivity through rail and road network Amb-Gagret is acting as a transit town for
tourists. This potential is enhanced by providing proposals that are supporting this character of the
planning area. A strategic approach will contribute income to the national and local economies, create
jobs, build businesses and improve regional economic imbalances.
13.2.1.2 Provision for Physical and Social Infrastructure:
Provide infrastructure facilities to all. Every household in urban area should have water supply
and sewerage connection.
Health, education, security, recreational, social and cultural facilities to be distributed
throughout the city.
The development will provide housing and amenities for people and families of all cultures,
ages and incomes.
13.2.1.3 Sustainable Environment:
Natural features in the form of forests and rivers needs to be conserved. These large environmentally
sensitive areas need to be conserved and preserved. The river Swan is prone to flooding especially
during monsoon/ rainy seasons which is now being protected by constructing bunds along the banks.
However, the plan has provision of leaving the riparian land for green and agricultural purposes only.
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13.2.1.4 Efficient Transportation:
Some of the villages that are included in the planning area do not have bituminous roads, however,
the Nagar Panchayat area is connected to other towns and cities via national highway. In order to
achieve the vision for the planning area, by the target year the plan must envisage to strengthen the
transportation and ensure that all the inhabited and habitable settlements are well connected with
proper hierarchy of road network.
13.2.1.5 Sense of Safety and Security:
For improving the living conditions, it is mandatory that the population at large should live in a secured
environment.
13.2.1.6 Resolving urban issues:
Provision of more public spaces and proper utilization of land as it is scarce resource in hilly areas.
Problems of traffic congestion and parking is the most important urban issue to be dealt with
appropriately.
13.2.1.7 Encourage Economic Activity:
The upcoming development intends to position itself as an economic engine and generate
employment. The light industrial, trade centre, mandi and promoting agriculture along with a strong
infrastructure base will attract new businesses and entrepreneurs to this development.
13.2.1.8 Urban Design:
Urban design corridor to be developed at highways. River development zone along the river stretch
to add to natural beauty of the city.
Safe, accessible and comfortable public spaces will add to the creation of vibrant, healthy and
sustainable community by emphasizing walkable streets and public places. Innovative approaches to
building construction, layout of neighbourhood, infrastructure network, circulation pattern,
alternative energy sources and recycling can provide opportunities to minimize the impact of the
development.
Development Limitations
Diverse typologies like difficult terrain, inaccessible habitation, vulnerability to natural
calamity, poor infrastructures (socio-economic as well as physical) etc.
A large part of land in the planning area is covered with Open Forest which restricts the growth
of city. These have been indicated in the proposed land-use map.
A large part of the area under government land and open forest is located at steep slope zone
i.e. more than 30% which is completely non-developable.
The recent developments are in the form of linear/ribbon growth along national highways and
state highway. Such developments are not conducive for ensuring holistic and sustainable
development of the planning area.
Many natural areas reflect man-made influences.
Lack of proper accessibility due to hilly terrain.
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Low environmental awareness among overall population, domestic tourists, resort owners
and developers.
Agricultural Lands available near the river would be retained in its present from.
Concept
Before heading to exercise of proposed land use plan the concept Plan alternatives for the project
area were designed on the basis of the program brief, with a view to implement the desired design
principles and to test the workability and feasibility of achieving the project objectives. These
alternatives helped envisage physical manifestations of requirement and considering existing
development for the project area.
The present development of the town Amb-Gagret has ribbon development along National Highway
(NH) 3 & 503 & & State Highway (SH) 25. These corridors are act as economic driver for the
development of town. the Amb and Garget function as the twin towns in Una district. Spatially Garget
has been grown towards the north-eastern side i.e. Hoshiarpur while Amb towards Mubarak Pur. The
peripheral areas of both the towns have been merged.
Figure 13-1:Evolution of Planning Area
Source: VOYANTS, Gurugram
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Three alternative conceptual proposals were drawn up and presented at the earlier stages of projects.
The main goal of each was to create a logical and efficient proposals in response to road network,
natural features, existing issues and bottlenecks. The conceptual alternatives have been very useful in
identifying the land to be designated under roads and open spaces, defined the various other land
uses and the built form character.
Preferred Conceptual plan are shown below
Figure 13-2: Concept Plan of Planning area
Source: VOYANTS, Gurugram
It found that the major growth center Hoshiarpur, Pathankot, and Una (a district Headquarter) within
the prescient area of 150 km is well connected through these corridors and serving the transit facilities
to the commuters. It seems the mixed used development pattern along the corridor, commercial,
retail shops, residential and transport facilities have been observed. At the same, the residential
development seems to be scattered in the planning area due to existence of village settlement. Many
of the road side development and activities are spill over on the road right of way (RoW) and creating
a havoc situation like, traffic congestion, road blocks and create a hindrance for the development.
Local authority is unable to control and manage the haphazard growth due to non-existence of
development plan and regulation guidelines.
We a t ig o e the fa t; the p ese e of high a s/ o idors are creating economic opportunities for
the neighboring residual population. By keeping this in mind the further future proposals has been
envisage in order to cater the future requirement. The proposals are integrating with the existing
variations of various indigenous characters like existing development, topography, water bodies etc.
specific to the area under consideration. The attempt has been to respect the natural topography and
cause minimum impact on the landscape.
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This principle is to address the existing issue and provide the better connectivity to each corner and
formalised the built-up along the corridor results in the creation of a new roads, bypasses and mixed-
use land use that grows out of its regional context.
The ribbon-like forms the basic structure for the area, with major roads will connecting with existing
major roads and highways within and bordering the project area. To the extent possible, the roads
have been designed so as to follow the pattern of existing roads.
One of the main features of the Master Plan is the formation new roads to strengthen the regional
connectivity within the project area. Accordingly, one bypass along the periphery of the Gagret
existing town area has been proposed and which is directly connecting to Amb town crosses Swan
river. The bride has been proposed above the Swan river. The idea is to create a bypass through which
the heavy vehicle traffic that is currently passing through the inner town areas can be transferred. Due
to topographical constraints and existing development the Gagret bypass roads will unite in the north-
eastern part of the NH-3
The public amenities (education facilities, health facilities, community centres, banks, post offices,
etc.) along with the recreation spaces (parks, playgrounds etc.) have been planned such that it is
spread across the project area. Based on the availability of the government land the hierarchy of the
public amenities & recreation spaces shall be planned. The higher order of these facilities shall be
preferably developed on the government lands. While town-level facilities have been worked out and
marked on the Development plan.
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14. LAND USE The Land use of an area deals with the various socio-economic activities occurring in a particular area/
land. It is one of the most important aspect of a development plan as it helps study the spatial
development pattern. The chapter will feature the pattern of development of the planning area
through the study of various land use categories such as residential, commercial, public semi-public,
recreational, religious, etc. and the type of structure occupying the specific area/land.
Land use Classification
The land use plan has been prepared on the contoured Base Map provided by AGISAC (Aryabhatta
Geo Informatics Space Application entre), Department of Environment, Science and Technology,
Shimla. The base map has been prepared on IKONOS-2 satellite image having 1.0m resolution. After
interpretation of land utilisation or land cover from the satellite imagery, a predominant land use
survey was conducted to identify the various land uses within the planning area.
As the planning area comprises of both urban and rural areas, the land use classification adopted is
comprised of urban and regional level land uses as specified in the URDPFI guidelines with reference
to the Census of India. Consequently, two level classification of land use have been adopted for the
planning area
Table 14-1: Land use classification
Sl.
No.
Regional Land use
classification
Level - I Level - II
1 Settlement Area Residential Residential house/ Labour huts
Mixed Use Residential cum commercial house
Commercial Commercial shops/ Commercial complex/
hotels/ warehouse
Public Semi-Public Government/ non-government offices/
police station/ educational institute/ medical
institute, socio-cultural area/ religious/
utilities such as petrol pumps, etc.
Recreational Park/ Playground/ Recreational green
Industrial Service and light industry/ heavy industries/
special industrial zone
Transportation and
communication
Road/ Parking/ Bus stand/ Bus Depot/ Taxi
stands
Water Bodies River/ Khad
3 Agriculture land Agriculture Net area sown
Grazing land Fallow land
Permanent pastures and other grazing area
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4 Forest land Forest Forest Area
Land under miscellaneous tree crops
5 Waste land Waste land Barren & un-cultivable land
Cultivable waste land area
Source: VOYANTS Gurugram, 2016 based on Census of India, 2011 and URDPFI guidelines
Existing Land Use Distribution
Based on the AGiSAC information, the total land in Amb Gagret Planning Area (6710.21 Ha) only 550.28
Ha i.e., 7 % is developed and remaining 6159.93 Ha i.e., 93.00% in under developed. Of the total
developed land, about 5 % is under residential area. Transportation, which includes roads, parking
areas and other transportation facilities, constitutes an area of 1% of the total area. The commercial
area, public and semi-public area and mixed use in Amb Gagret Planning Area account for nearly 1%
of total developed area respectively. About 0% of the developed area is under recreational green.
Table 14-2: Existing Land Use Distribution
LAND USE EXISTING LAND USE
Area in Ha Percentage
Agriculture 3043.21 45%
Brick Kiln 22.32 0%
Commercial 24.72 0%
Forest 1773.43 26%
Grass Land/Shrubs 1038.63 15%
Industry 93.31 1%
Mixed use 12.93 0%
PSP 50.17 1%
Protected- Green Buffer 0.0 0%
Recreational- Open Space 0.0 0%
Residential 351.33 5%
Transportation 17.82 0%
Water Body 282.36 4%
Grand Total 6710.21 100%
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Figure 14-1: Land Use of Amb Gagret Planning Area
Source: VOYANTS, Gurugram
Proposed Land Use & Activity Structure
The proposed land use distribution has been prepared based on the existing situation analysis of the
region, the current growth patterns, prevailing gaps in various land use activities and facilities, the
availability of developable land, demand for social & physical infrastructure in the future to support
the projected population, and so on.
The planning has been done such that all the parts of the project area get better road connectivity
which is essential for the development of any region. To achieve this, the strengthen of existing RoW
and new links on existing pattern of roads has been superimposed. This new road network shall ensure
that each part of the project area has the congestion free accessibility (Freight & passenger both) also
it will open new areas for the development in the vicinity.
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As can be seen from the proposed master plan, the residential land use has been provided along the
existing growth corridors i.e. the major roads within the project area. The major city level public space
has been provided where the government land is located i.e. in the Eastern & northern part of the
existing town. The highlighted land area in the green shade in the eastern and western periphery of
the project area has been kept under the protective and undevelopable use zone considering the
topography & eco-sensitivity of these areas.
Figure 14-2: Proposed Land Use Map of Amb Gagret Planning Area, 2036
Source: Prepared by Voyants, Gurugram, 2017
Comparison of Existing and Proposed Land Use
The comparison of existing and proposed land use acts as a guiding tool to analyse the adopted
rationale approach for spatial standards & provides vision for the overall balanced development of
the entire region – both at macro and micro level.
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Table 14-3: Comparison between Existing and Proposed Land Use
LAND USE EXISTING LAND USE PROPOSED LAND USE
Area in Ha Percentage Area in Ha Percentage
Agriculture 3043.21 45% 2686.47 40%
Brick Kiln 22.32 0% 22.30 0%
Commercial 24.72 0% 26.33 0%
Forest 1773.43 26% 1712.62 26%
Grass Land/Shrubs 1038.63 15% 349.65 5%
Industry 93.31 1% 100.34 1%
Mixed use 12.93 0% 69.70 1%
PSP 50.17 1% 85.21 1%
Protected- Green Buffer 0.0 0% 356.71 5%
Recreational- Open Space 0.0 0% 62.52 1%
Residential 351.33 5% 812.49 12%
Transportation 17.82 0% 190.18 3%
Water Body 282.36 4% 235.69 4%
Grand Total 6710.21 100% 6710.21 100%
Source: VOYANTS Analysis
According to the proposed land use, residential activities will constitute around 12% of the total
planning area, while commercial use & office and industrial use will occupy approximately 26.33 ha
and 100 ha of the total planning area. The share of land use under public and semi-public category
shall be around 85.21 ha & area under transportation & communication shall be around 3% of the
planning area.
Similarly, the land under open space shall be around 6 % of the total project area. The share of land
use under primary activity, water bodies and special area (forest / reserve forest / hilly area) shall be
40%,4% &26% respectively.
Important features adopted in Proposed Master Plan in comparison with the existing
developments:
Residential land use has been changed from 5% to 12% in order to accommodate the future
population increases. In terms of residential area more area has been earmarked as the current
residential development is scattered form and expansion of these cluster has been taken into
consideration
The commercial development is prime factor to cater the robust urban development and hence
the area under commercial use has been increased from 24.72 ha as can be seen in ELU to 26.33
ha in PLU. Also, Mixed land classification has been earmarked along the major corridor
envisioning about 34.85 (50%) of development would be converted in to commercial use.
The area under industrial use has been minimal increased too from 93.31 ha in ELU to 100.34
ha in PLU in order to create employment opportunities within the project area.
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The area under public & semi-public use has been increased from 50.17 ha to 85.21 ha which
shall take care of the existing prevailing gaps and also the need for these facilities in the future.
The area proposed under transportation and communication which is merely 17.82 ha as per
ELU has been increased to 190.18 ha in PLU through creation of extensive interwoven road
network.
14.4.1 Residential Use
After the studying the Existing Land use, the development is observed along the major arterial road.
It is also found that most of the commercial footprints taking their shapes on the same. The proposed
eside tial use has ee de i ed to this p i iple A ial he e de elop e t has ee oti ated alo g major roads of the study region by providing multiple use zone in the mixed land use classification.
The current net residential density of the planning area is 113 pph, In the proposed land use plan the
residential activity has been allocated based on the spatial distribution rather than density calculation.
The derived residential density for the amb-gagret planning area is ___ pph.
Residential uses within the planning area are spread out in different locations, the net Residential uses
account to 812.49 ha with a proportion of 12 percent of the total planning area (PA). In the area
earmarked for residential use zone is meant for all types of residential activities and building, the
accessory use and allied activities like local shops, day care centre, play school, et.al are allowed area
where only residential and allied uses as permissible under the development control regulations.
These are further governed by location and site requirements as given revised and rationalized
building provisions.
EWS- Zone or Affordable housing of about 1.77 ha (part of residential area)- This is an additional type
of Residential Zone proposed in the Draft Development Plan. The areas earmarked in this zone will be
developed for public housing for the economically weaker section population. The area has been
reserved for the housing board as the Acquiring Authority. To achieve the vision of slum free city this
is an additional type of Residential Zone has been allocated. This zone can be utilised for Slums on
ecological sensitive areas like river banks, Nallas, hill top hill slopes, rehabilitation purpose can be
reorienting on sites.
14.4.2 Commercial& Retail
The total commercial area in existing condition about 24.72 ha of commercial activities were observed
due to presence of National & State highway and existing developed area.
The principle of the Commercial and Mixed used (Multiple use) zones allows primarily Commercial
activities, Private Institutions for education and health care, non-polluting service industries are
permissible. In addition, above the high end residential uses under mixed used zones as prescribed
under the development control rules, would be permissible on the zone i.e. the lands fronting on
major roads.
The zone is concentrated on the major arterial road, 60 m on either side of National highway and 30
m on major connecting corridors. The increase level of infrastructure in relation with the proposed
multiple use zone, to accommodate city level social & physical demand. There is substantial increase
in multiple land use (which can accommodate commercial activities) about 61.18 ha, to facilitate and
promote a diverse range of activity.
Other city level facilities viz, Wholesale and Warehousing activity (Mandi) of 2.08 hectares has been
proposed in the vicinity of the Railways and National highway 503. In addition to above local shopping
centres are part of proposed land use to be developed with sizeable shops.
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14.4.3 Industry:
As area of 100.34 hectares (0.76%) has been allocated for industrial development with the planning
area. It is proposed to accommodate agro based, horticulture, Agriculture Processing units like Grain
processor, flour mill, seed cleaning, forest based industries and miscellaneous such as clothing
manufacturing, agricultural chemicals distribution and metal based industries in form of organized
industrial area.
At present, it is found that many of the industries are not in working condition thus provision of
allocation of industrial land use is kept minimal.
14.4.4 Public & semi public
An area of 50.17 hectares approximately is existing under utilities, facilities and services. It is
anticipated that an area of 35 hectares shall be required more for providing various facilities at local
level in the Planning Area by the year 2036 as per the requirements.
It is found that all the educational facilities in Amb-Gagret Planning Area are sufficient as per the
standards provided in the URDPFI guidelines. There is a requirement for one Industrial Training centre
and one university in the planning area and total area of 2.3 hectors has been provided in the planning
area. To cater to the medical needs of the people in the planning area by the year 2036, an area of
about 3.8 hectares has been provided in two parcels one at Garget village and another one at Amb
village. Additional facilities like one hector for police station, 0.30 hectors for fire station,2 hectors for
disaster management centre, 0.10 hectors for post office,0.2 hectors for community welfare centre
and 0.50 hectors for local convenience shopping are been given provision at different locations in the
planning area satisfying the standards mentioned in the URDPFI guidelines.
The town lacks in organised parks and open spaces. Local Parks are therefore, required to be
developed at cluster/sector level. According to the URDPFI guidelines there is an additional
requirement of 24 hectare of land to cater the population of the Planning Area by the year 2036.
Housing level parks and neighbourhood parks are been allotted at different locations covering though
out the planning area and 10 ha of botanical garden is provided in additional in the planning area
according the requirements mentioned in the URDPFI guidelines.
Table 14-4: Proposed Infrastructure Facilities Details
Sr. No. Facilities Total area proposed (Ha)
1 Industrial Training center 0.30
2 Universities 2.00
3 Health care facilities 3.8
4 Police station 1.0
5 Fire station 0.30
6 Disaster Management center 2.00
7 Local convenience shopping 0.50
8 Post office 0.10
9 Community welfare center 0.2
10 Recreational facilities 24.0
TOTAL 34.2 Source: VOYANTS Analysis
14.4.5 Recreational activity
There is presence of forest areas, hilly area in the region but absence of dedicated recreational space
in and around city, Thus, it is necessity to facilitate dedicated recreational zone in the town despite of
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presence of River zone, forest areas etc. While in preparation of development plan gives the
opportunity to facilitate the same.
This will be a magnet for surrounding region and create the prospect. The better location of the
recreational zone would be on the bank or along the Swan River act as recreational tourism centre.
The project will encompass the beatification of River Swan, commercial kiosks and other allied
activities. This river front development will facilitate recreational activity as well as open spaces in the
form of parks and gardens along the river front.
This will facilitate major recreational site not only to the citizens of Amb-gagret but also for
surrounding villages and town. In addition to this, as discussed in previous section of this report, the
planning area also encompasses the temple tourism in shiv bari area to achieve this community area,
spiritual hermitage facilities have been proposed
14.4.6 Open space/ buffer zone
With a view to enhancing the environmental value by conservation and development of the natural
features like ‘i e s and Nallas a buffer zone is proposed as Green belt. Green belt can be developed
as ga de s o joggi g t a ks et . uffe o eithe side of khads a d uffe f o high flood line of Swan River which would be utilized for open green space and also protect it from flood in
planning area. In addition to this, 25 m buffer on either side of high tension line (HT line)
14.4.7 Roads and Transportation
The broad aim of this would be to ensure safe, convenient and quick access to all areas, reduction of
pollution and congestion, safety for all sections of the road and transport users and towards meeting
these objectives, around 190.18 ha (2.83 percent) of total area is zoned under the Roads and
Transportation
The direct link between Amb & gagret town has been proposed, 7.5 km in length will curtail the
travelling time between these towns. The 24-m proposed RoW passes through Swan river. One new
bridge proposed across Swan River connecting Amb & gagret town from A do a Ni hala village. The
proposed bridge will be of two lane bridge for the ease of the movement which will facilitate
significant connectivity to these towns. The two major linkages have been introduced act as
alternative route to NH-3 one is on Gagret town and another at Amb town. This new link will be new
magnet for the development. The current existing road configuration is 6 to 8 m which does not able
to accommodate the current traffic demand also many of the commercial activities are spill over on
these corridors resulting creation of traffic congestion. Due to this activity, there is no scope for the
expansion of ROW thus to achieve the future demand and creating new growth centre creation of
new link will benefit.
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15. BEST PRACTICES OF TOWN PLANNING
A best practice is that action which is executed with efficiency in managing the resources used
and with criteria of good governance in its design and development, and contributes significantly
to improving living conditions and development in a context determined. In this Chapter, we are
taking into the account the best practise of Land Pooling policies and schemes implemented
successfully and are being practised in various part of the world.
Land Pooling
Land pooling/readjustment (LP/R) is a technique for managing the planned development of urban-
fringe lands, whereby a government agency consolidates a selected group of land parcels and then
designs, services and subdivides them into a layout of streets, open spaces and serviced building plots,
with the sale of some of the plots for cost recovery and the distribution of the remaining plots back to
the landowners to develop or to sell for development.
Land pooling aims to achieve its goals in a legitimate and efficient way will have the following
ha a te isti s: − 1. actively promotes partnership
2. Designed to produce a fair and equitable sharing of profit and risk amongst willing and
unwilling owners.
3. Operates within a decision-making framework that is speedy, both fair and efficient in its
outputs and processes;
4. Addresses issues of value and property-rights; and
5. Leaves social and environmental issues to the political process of planning.
Land Pooling is also important because cities must transition in order to meet current needs and future
de a ds. We eed optio s that e gage a d ot a gi alize p ope t o e s .We eed solutio s that create less opposition on compensation and other matters important to residents. Land pooling
is Bottom up-stakeholder driven, Equity-based where property owners contribute in together and is
Democratic participatory process.
Strengths
1. Developers with real estate development expertise can be involved in the early stage of
redevelopment.
2. Land Pooling that requires the approval of the majority of landowners to execute land
assembly is more democratic than is eminent domain.
3. Land pooling can avoid the heavy up-front capital requirement for property acquisitions by
the local government.
4. Land pooling may allow urban redevelopment to be self-financing.
Challenges
1. There is no precedent of land pooling legislation.
2. Participation in planning and negotiation is time consuming for property owners.
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3. Public or private initiators of land pooling must have good negotiation skills.
4. All participating parties—land owners, the city, and developers—will have to share
redevelopment risks.
5. Anticipated capital gains for participating landowners will not be realized until they sell their
property.
With limited land area and a huge population to accommodate, land pooling is one of the solutions to
equitable Urban Development.
Land Pooling Practice across the World
15.2.1 Delhi
The Ministry of Urban Development has approved Land Pooling policy on 5 September 2013. Under
this policy, landowners can surrender their land holding into the central pool and be a stakeholder to
the development proposed on their land. Once the land is pooled, the owner would get back 40-60%
of the total la d su e de ed, as de eloped la d, fo o e, the disputes o the u de valuation of
lands for acquisition would be removed, and the process would seem fair to every land owner,
irrespective of the size of their land holding. The 40-60% land that DDA would retain with them would
be utilized for creation of infrastructure as well as monetize it against specific purpose, by DDA. There
are two basic types of Land Pooling, which have been announced so far:
i. 20 hectares and above where 60% of land would be returned to the landowner.
ii. 02-20 hectares, where about 48% of land pooled would be returned to the landowner.
15.2.2 Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh announces land-pooling policy for capital region development. As per the policy, for
farmers who have patta lands, and whose one-acre land has been taken for capital development, they
will be given 1000 yards of residential and 200 yards of developed commercial land. In the case of
assigned lands, were one care land has been taken away from the farmer, he would get 800 yards of
developed residential area and 100 yards of commercial land. In addition, for one acre, a farmer parts
with, he would get Rs. 30,000 per year with an escalation of Rs. 3,000 per year. Once a farmer hands
over the land, he would be handed over a Land Pooling Ownership Certificate. In addition, the
developed land would be handed over within three years. In the case of farmers who are residing in
the area where capital is being developed, all the 22,405 farmers would be exempt from farm loans.
Accordingly, about Rs. 200 crores would be earmarked for loan waiver of these farmers. In case of
farmers who offer their land located in different places in the capital region, they would be allotted
developed land at one place if they so wish.
15.2.3 Gujarat & Maharashtra
Under the policy, the public planning agency or development authority temporarily brings together a
group of landowners for the purpose of planning, under the aegis of the state-level town or urban
planning act. As there is no acquisition or transfer of ownership involved, there is no case for paying
compensation. A master plan of the area is prepared, laying out the roads and plots for social
amenities. The remaining land is reconstituted into final plots for the original owners. The size of the
final plot is in proportion to the size of the original plot, and its location is as close as possible to the
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original plot. A betterment charge based on the cost of the infrastructure proposed to be laid is levied
on the landowners. Infrastructure is then provided utilizing these funds.
15.2.4 Kathmandu, Nepal
The city grows in a planned way mitigating the problem of crisis management. In financial term, these
projects are highly feasible, with the provision of adequate open space, good circulation and
community facilities and with different sized plots to cater to different income group. These projects
are rather promising. There is high level of participation of the beneficiaries even in decision-making.
LP has several advantages-planning rules, road access, cost recovery and partnership building. The
main advantage of this technique is that the designated area becomes well laid out, easily serviced
and ready for urban use. The process is popular with original land owners since their new holding land
although smaller area of increased value, both use value and commodity value.
Other Advantages of LP may be briefly listed as follows:
1. The cost of infrastructure is borne by selling some of the plots and without external funds,
planned development is possible
2. Low income group could be given some plots
3. Popular with land owners
4. Enforcement of land use and building bye-laws is easier
Although LP still lack with implication of some practical concept the tool is being more popular day by
day. The above mentioned strength is widely applicable to the most of the LP projects in Kathmandu.
Only the priorities are changed from project to project Naya bazar Land Pooling Project (NLRP).
Land Pooling in Nepal has a detailed planning process which includes dividing the area into sector, sub
sector, neighbourhood, blocks and sub blocks. The existing administrative boundary and land owners
land are considered during the sub block alignment planning. The government/Authority makes sure
that No land owner, the areas within the administrative boundary or any natural features are affected.
Figure 15-1: Land Pooling process in Kathmandu, Nepal
Source:http://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings/fig_proceddings/fig2010/ppt/ts09h/ts09h_oli_ppt_4553.pdf
The survey activities are briefly described as the following:
1. Mapping
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The control survey is based on national control networks and that carries out to accuracy of a
. Fo e te ded a eas if the e is a i a u a of e isti g poi ts, it is ot egle ted a d coordinated with midpoint which is fixed and calculation is carried out accordingly.
Topographical mapping is carried out using total stations survey. Infrastructures like frontages
of buildings, connection of water, electricity, telephone and roads are also considered. And
during survey period, any objections of the land owners will appear on land pooling
programme.
2. Land Valuation
The existing price of land parcel are evaluated during survey period judging, also including the
price of land owner willing to sell, the purchaser or real estate agent willing to pay, and from
the cadastral survey data The simple questionnaire is completed in the field After planning
and provision of infrastructure, the value of land/land class will be increased as per the land
classes. The price of the land be estimated as per land price existing developed neighbouring
areas .The real estate agency also be asked for the price they are willing to pay after the
infrastructure development.
3. Socio Economic Survey
The socio-economic survey of all land owners including residing outside the land pooling area
be conducted and to explain about the project, collect their opinion about the project,
infrastructure requirement, land utilization and their contribution and gather other
information required for planning.
4. General land contribution
In Nepal, the contribution is only to the extra facilities received is the land but not the money.
Generally the following percentage of contribution is required:
Table 15-1: Land contribution (in Percentage)
Source: https://www.fig.net/resources/proceedings
Total land of about 35-40%.The individual land owner has to contribute 15- 55% of parcel depending
upon the position of land and infrastructure available.
15.2.5 Thimphu, Bhutan
Land pooling is a techniques of rationally planning an area in which all the plots having no proper
services, no clearly laid out roads, many plots with no access at all, and no potential for further
development. In such a situation, no civic amenities like parks, solid waste collection bins, or basic
health services are possible. Without a rational street network, fire engines and ambulances can never
reach their emergency destination sites. Without a street network, no water supply network, storm
water drainage, communication cables, or street lighting is possible. In land pooling all of the land is
Infrastructure Facilities Land %
Road 19%
Open Spaces 5%
Infrastructure Development 8-10%
Administrative cost 4%
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ought i to o e pool . A atio al oad la out, ith all of the se i es e ui ed is pla ed. These oads, a e ities a d se i es a take up to thi t pe e t of the la d. To eate this land, a
proportional percentage of land needed for these common facilities is deducted from each plot.
Now the original plots which were of odd shapes, are reconstituted into rectangular shapes. These
new plots, which are proportionately smaller than the original land, are, however urban plots. Over
the period of time as the area is upgraded with services and roads, the value of the plots increases.
Land pooling is guided by the following principles:
i. All DPs (titled and non-titled) will be fully informed and consulted on LP sites, compensation,
entitlements, and resettlement assistance);
ii. Lack of formal legal land title is not a bar for compensation and assistance;
iii. LP contributions will be confirmed by written record signed by the landowner, TCC, and
verified by the OAG—with copies retained by the three parties;
iv. Agreement from 100% landowners is required for LP;
v. LP contributions will be kept at similar percentages to the extent possible and will not exceed
30%;
vi. Plot owners contributing to LP will directly benefit from roads and drainage, and water supply
and sewerage connections. During consultation, landowners will be informed by the
Go e e t of the P oje t s i ple e tatio s hedule a d the e pe ted ti ef a e fo the delivery of benefits;
vii. LP will not severely affect living standards of DPs and the following measures will be ensured:
LP will exclude traditional villages;
LP will exclude land with residential and commercial structures;
LP will minimize shifts in land plot owned. Only land rendered inefficient from the
perspective of agriculture or for future structures will be considered for shifting.
Landowner agreement will be required prior to shifting the location of plots and the
reallocated plot will be within the same LAP;
viii. The Government will not allocate surplus land from the local area to finance LP;
ix. The Government, to the extent possible, will include Government land to reduce LP
contributions;
x. All non-titled DPs whose income or livelihood is affected is entitled to receive assistance to
restore income and livelihood at pre-project standards, and all vulnerable DPs are entitled to
receive additional assistance; and
xi. Adequate grievance redress mechanism will be in place with DPs having recourse with regard
to non-delivery of benefits.
xii. Adequate grievance redress mechanism will be in place with DPs having recourse with regard
to non-delivery of benefits.
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Plot owners who do not agree to LP will not be eligible to participate and benefit from LP. The
Government will acquire the land of the non-agreeing plot owners and provide the Displaced persons
(DPs): (i) alternative land with equivalent characteristics if the affected land is the only land owned by
the DPs; or (ii), compensation at market rates in accordance with Property Assessment and Valuation
Agency (PAVA) rates and ADB's confirmation that the rate applied under PAVA is replacement value.
The DPs will also be compensated for all assets on the land acquired at replacement value.
Thimphu Structure Plan (TSP)
Prior to the preparation of the TSP and the drafting of subsequent Local Area Plans (LAP), the
government acquired lands from farmers for the development of urban centers and public facilities.
This would involve the creation of regular-shape plots that were then serviced and allotted to the
business community.
In view of the inadequacies and challenges, the government introduced land pooling as an alternative
tool for urban development. Simultaneously, during the preparation of the master plan for Thimphu,
the government initiated rigorous public consultation and detailed assessments of the socio-cultural,
traditional, and environmental aspects of the localities.
The ost i po ta t aspe t of Thi phu s e pe ie e as the i t odu tio of la d pooli g to help reduce the cost of implementing the LAPs. It is important to note that land pooling did not have legal
teeth u til the passi g of the Lo al Go e e t A t , , hi h defi es Land Pooling (LP) as
a planning technique to redefine ownership of land in such a way that:
1. The shape and configuration of plots is more appropriate for urban structures and uses,
2. The size of all plots is reduced by an agreed proportion to create sufficient public and planned
provision of roads, infrastructure, social facilities, open space and ese e plots.
Ever since the preparation of the TSP and LAPs were announced in 2000, public consultations were a
continuous process. Consultations with individuals were also initiated where the community/property
owners were allowed to visit and consult with planners on specified working days. This continued until
2006. After the public consultation process and approval of the LAPs by the majority (two thirds) of
property owners, the proposals were deliberated at the City Committee Meetings for an official
endorsement. As of June 2013, 14 LAPs were approved. At present, seven LAPs are under
infrastructure implementation with loans from the World Bank and Asian Development Bank (ADB).
The remaining LAPs do not have any committed budget at the moment.
Case Study: Lungtenphu, Bhutan
Lungtenphu encompasses an area of 243.5 hectares to the eastern side of Wang Chhu River and
extends to the slopes of Simtokha. The road passing through the Royal Bhutan Army area completes
the boundary on the northern side. Prior to land pooling, paddy fields were the predominant land use
in Lungtenphu.
The Lungtenphu LAP went through a large number of public consultations, which explains why the
municipality achieved 100 percent agreement from the public and was the first plan to be
implemented. The Lungtenphu LAP encompasses a total of 420 plots owned by 271 landowners. A
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major focus of the Lungtenphu LAP was to reconfigure the existing developable land in such a manner
that each landowner would retain their original land parcel but with proper access to amenities and
services. By reconfiguring the layout of land, the plots were made regular in size and shape to allow
for efficient development.
Figure 15-2: Lungtenphu in 2003
Source: https://geleynorbu.wordpress.com/2015/08/09/land-pooling-in-thimphu-bhutan/
Figure 15-3: Lungtenphu in 2013
Source: https://geleynorbu.wordpress.com/2015/08/09/land-pooling-in-thimphu-bhutan/
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16. GENERAL DEVELOPMENT
REGULATION, BUILDING BYE-LAWS AND
PROCEDURE OF PLAN SANCTION
Objective of the regulation
Regulations/Building Bye Laws are development control tools used to regulate ground coverage,
height, architectural design and construction aspects of buildings to achieve orderly development of
an area. They are statutory in nature and serve to protect buildings against fire, earth quake, noise,
structural failures and other hazards. They also safeguard appropriate indoor environment for
inhabitants with natural light & ventilation. Regulations helps to avoid encroachments and protect the
road right of way.
Jurisdiction of Regulations
These Regulations shall apply to the sub-division of land and building activities in the Amb-Gagret
Planning Area.
16.2.1 Applicability of Regulations
These Regulations shall be applicable to all building activities and be read in conjunction with the
Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Act, 1977 and the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country
Planning Rules, 2014 with regard to the same and as amended from time to time and shall be
applicable for a period for which this Development Plan has been prepared, after which these shall be
reviewed. Till such time the reviewed Regulations are notified, these will continue to be in force.
New Development and re-development
Except hereinafter or otherwise provided, these Regulations shall apply to all new development and
re-development of a plot. This applies to the design, construction and alterations of new & existing
buildings within the plot.
In case of part construction where the whole or part of a building is demolished or altered or re-
constructed, except where otherwise specifically stipulated, these Regulations shall apply only to the
extent of the work involved.
Change of Land Use shall be allowed by the Administrative Department subject to the condition that
the applicant fulfils the Regulations applicable for the Land Use proposed to be changed.
Change of Building Use may be permitted by the Chairman, Municipal Council (Nagar Panchayat),
Amb-Gagret, as the case may be, on merit of the case, subject to the condition that there is no
disturbance to the adjoining building owners and fulfilment of other Regulations specified for the
purpose. The Change of Building Use for Hotel and Guest Houses shall be permissible only if sufficient
parking area is available.
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The re-development in whole or part of a building which has ceased to operate due to fire, natural
collapse or demolition having been declared unsafe, or which is likely to be demolished, as the case
may be, these Regulations shall apply for re-development.
Existing approved building
Nothing in these Regulations shall require the removal, alteration or abandonment, nor prevent
continuance of the lawfully established use or occupancy of an existing approved building unless, in
the opinion of the Competent Authority, such a building is unsafe or constitutes a hazard to the safety
of adjacent property or to the occupants of the building itself.
Development Permission
Development or re-development shall carry out including sub-division on any plot or land (not forming
part of any approved layout plan or scheme) after obtaining approval from the Competent Authority
only.
Building Permission
Person shall erect, re-erect or make addition/ alterations in any building or cause the same to be done
only after obtaining appropriate building permission for each such building from the Competent
Authority.
Pre-Code building permission
Building permission issued by the Competent Authority before these Regulations come in to effect
and where construction is in progress within the specified timelines, the said permission shall be valid
and in case of time extension, there shall be time extension fee as notified by the competent Authority.
Accordingly, where the validity of permission has expired and construction has not commenced, such
construction shall be governed by the provisions of these Regulations.
Procedure for obtaining Permission
16.8.1 Application
The intimation by Union Government, State Government, a local authority or any Authority
constituted under the Act regarding the intention to carry out any development on any land as
envisaged under sub-section (1) of section 28 or section 29 of the Act, shall be either on paper or
online.
The application for development of land to be undertaken under Section 30 by any person not being
the Union or State Government, Local Authority or any other Authority shall be with the Forms along
with the Specifications Sheet and Schedule attached, requisite documents and fee as prescribed under
Rule 16 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014. All the applications shall be
either on paper or online.
16.8.2 Documents Required
Apart from above, the applicant shall furnish the following additional documents namely:
Administrative Documents:
(i) A notarized copy of Ownership documents, i.e. latest original Jamabandi.
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(ii) Latest original Tatima showing Khasra number of land in question, adjoining Khasra numbers
from all sides of plot and width of the approach path/road. The land applied for shall be shown
in red, in the Tatima.
(iii) Demarcation Certificate from revenue authority shall be submitted.
(iv) A Copy of a notarized receipt of fee paid against Treasury Challan.
(v) To avail any compensatory benefits due to land acquisition for any public infrastructure a
certificate from the Nagar Panchayat or Gram Panchayat or Development Authority or Local
Authority as the case may be, shall be enclosed in support of claim for compensatory benefits.
Technical Documents:
(vi) Three sets of location Plan in the Scale of 1:1000, showing North direction indicating the land
in question, main approach roads, important physical features of site context, and
surrounding ownership.
(vii) Three sets of Site Plan in the scale of 1:200 showing North direction indicating the proposed
site, approach road, adjoining buildings, the existing and proposed utility infrastructure
tapping and outfall points including the built up area and open area clearly. Site must tally
with the shape and dimensions of plot shown in the Tatima.
(viii) Building design showing floor plans, elevations and sections in the scale of 1:100.The
architectural drawings duly signed by the licensed and registered Architect/ Engineer along
with his/her address and Registration number.
(ix) In the Site Plan, the horizontal distance of electricity line, from development as per Indian
Electricity Rules, in case any electricity line is passing over or nearby the proposed site shall
be shown.
(x) The soil investigation report and structural stability certificate shall be submitted by the
applicant on submission of planning permission case and at the time of completion of
structure and before occupancy duly singed by the registered Structural Engineer as per form
-15, available online.
General Regulations
The following General Regulations shall apply to all development activities in the Amb-Gagret
Planning Area: -
The plots created after the effective date of these Regulations shall meet the minimum
requirements established by these Regulations. All the plots registered prior to coming into
force of these Regulations shall be treated as plots irrespective of their size subject to the
condition that 3.00 Metre wide road abutting one side of the plot will be the basic
requirement. If 3.00 Metre wide road is not available at site and if it is less in width then the
owner shall surrender the remaining width of the road ROW from his plot to make the road
as 3.00 Metre wide. In such case the setback shall be considered from the revised ROW of
the approach road.
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The construction would be allowed on hereditary owned smaller plots on & above 30 sq.m.
If the plot size after sub-division is coming less than 30 sq.m , then the plot cannot be
subdivided further, however independent floors/strata division shall be allowed.
Building Height- The building height shall be the vertical distance measured, In case of
Pitched and Gable roofs from the average level of the front road up to the point where the
external surface of the outer wall intersects the finished surface of the sloping roof.
Height Exemptions-The following structures shall not be considered in regulating the height
of the building:-
(i) Roof tanks and their supports not exceeding 1.50 Meter in height.
(ii) Mechanical, electrical, HVAC, lift rooms and similar service equipment.
(iii) Staircase mummy not exceeding 3.00 Meter in height.
(iv) Architectural features serving no other function except that of decoration, chimneys,
elevators, poles, tanks, parapet and other projections not used for human habitation
may extend beyond the prescribed height limits.
(v) The height limitations of these Regulations shall not apply to all kind of religious places
e.g. Temples, Mosques, Gurudwaras, Churches, etc. provided it is so designed and
approved by the Competent Authority.
The cornices and window sills may also project into set back area up to 0.5 M.
Natural Nallahs and Khuds which passes through land/ land sub divisions shall be developed
and maintained according to discharge of water. The minimum distance of building from such
Nallahs and Khuds should be at least 3.0M and 5.0 M respectively.
Maximum cutting of the natural profile shall be 3.50 Metre. However, in exceptional cases
as decided by the competent authority appropriate retaining walls shall be constructed
based on approved structural design.
Maximum acceptable slope for development shall be 45 degrees.
The setbacks shall not be applicable to services like, road side infrastructure/facilities such
as rain shelters, landscaping etc. which are specifically permitted by the Himachal Pradesh
Public Works Department on the acquired width of a road with temporary structures. Such
structures should not touch the abutting properties.
Minimum building width of 3.0 Metre be ensured after leaving setbacks. No side setbacks in
case of row housing.
There would be Mixed Land Use in the Amb-Gagret Planning Area, as per the Land use plan
2036 in the Development plan. The permitted uses in the mixed land use areas shall be as
per the land use permissibility table.
Parking Floor area and the areas comprising of, water storage, elevator well, utility rooms,
veranda with only 2 side enclosed and Porch would not be included in the Floor Area Ratio
(FAR).
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Construction other than as is permissible under the Himachal Pradesh Roadside Control Act,
1972 would not be allowed on the controlled width of National Highway Authority of India
(NHAI) or Himachal Pradesh Public Works Department (HPPWD). Setbacks as prescribed by
Indian Road Congress code 73 dated 1980 / as updated shall apply.
In the plot setback, parking, porch, garage, swimming pool, septic tank, other services and
steps up to plinth level would be permissible.
Building footprint should be such that nothing intrudes on to the streets and adjoining
properties.
Minimum permissible distance between two blocks constructed on a plot shall be 5.0 Meter
or one third of the height of the taller building, whichever is more.
Septic Tank/ leach pit toilets or connections with sewerage lines, where available shall be
mandatory.
The height of the room for human habitation shall not be less than 2.75 Metres measured
from the surface of the floor to the lowest point of bottom of slab, provided that the
minimum headway under any beam shall not be less than 2.40 Metres. The height of floors
other than human habitation would be as per the requirement of the facility/use.
Permissible Area standard/ Norms for different part of a building shall be as under:
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Table 16-1: Permissible Area Standard/Norms for different parts of a Building
16.9.1.1 Habitable
room
Minimum floor area
Minimum width
9.50 M2
2.40 M
16.9.1.2 Kitchen Minimum floor area
16.9.1.3 Minimum
width
4.50 M2
16.9.1.4 1.80 M
16.9.1.5 Bath room Minimum floor area
16.9.1.6 Minimum
width
1.80 M2
16.9.1.7 1.20 M
16.9.1.8 Water Closet
(WC)
Minimum floor area
16.9.1.9 Minimum
width
1.10 M2
16.9.1.10 0.90 M
16.9.1.11 Toilet (WC+
Bath).
Minimum floor area
16.9.1.12 Minimum
width
2.30 M2
16.9.1.13 1.20 M
16.9.1.14 Minimum
width of
corridor
For Residential use
16.9.1.15 For Other
uses
1.00 M
16.9.1.16 1.20 M
16.9.1.17 Minimum
width of
stairs
For Residential use
16.9.1.18 For Other
uses
1.00 M
16.9.1.19 1.50 M
16.9.1.20 Minimum
width of
treads
without
nosing.
16.9.1.21 For
Residential
use
16.9.1.22 For Other
uses
16.9.1.23 25 Cm wide for
internal stairs.
16.9.1.24 30 Cm wide for
internal
16.9.1.25 Maximum
height of
riser
For Residential use
16.9.1.26 For Other
uses
19 Centimeter
16.9.1.27 15 Centimeter
16.9.1.28 Provision of
spiral stair
case
For Other uses except
Residential use.
Provision of spiral stair case not less
than 1.50 Meter dia with adequate
head height for fire escape in addition
to regular stair case.
16.9.1.29 Openings For sufficient air and light, windows and ventilators should have
minimum area equivalent to 1/6th of Floor area.
16.9.1.30 Projections
over doors,
windows
and
ventilators.
16.9.1.31 0.45 - 0.60
M
16.9.1.32 -
16.9.1.33 Balcony
Projections
1.20 M wide Balcony complete open on two sides with restriction of
50 % of building frontage where minimum front Set Back is 3.00 M
shall be permissible.
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Source: Himachal Pradesh Tiown and Country Planning Rules, 2014
All Commercial/ Public and Semi -Public buildings above 15.00 Metres height shall have the
provisions for elevators.
Firefighting provisions and specification shall be as per National Building code of India, 2016.
Risks and respective mitigations shall be planned by the competent authorities such as state
Fire department and police to manage events and respond to natural disasters.
Distance from Electric lines- The distance in accordance with the current Electricity Rules and
its amendments from time to time is to be provided between the building and overhead
electric supply line as under:-
Table 16-2: Clearances from Electric Supply Lines
Source: HPSEB ltd rules
The applicants shall not be insisted for submission of No Objection Certificate (NOC) from
National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) or Himachal Pradesh Public Works Department
(HPPWD) authorities. However, the Competent Authority shall ensure and coordinate with
other related Authorities that building is sanctioned strictly as per the Regulations and
facilitate single window clearance to the applicant
1. Residential Buildings
The minimum plot area, minimum setbacks and maximum FAR shall be as under:
Table 16-3 Residential Building Regulations shall be applicable in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Sl.
No.
Description and
Minimum Plot Area
Minimum Set Backs (in
Meters)
Ground
Coverage
Maximu
m Floor
Area
Ratio
Maximum
Height in
Meters
Max
DUs/
PLot
Front Side Rear
1 Detached Houses
(i) 200 m2 to 250 m2
(ii) Above 250 m2 to
500 m2
(iii) Above 500 m2
2.5
3.5
4.5
2.0
2.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
50%
45%
40%
1.50
1.50
1.50
12.0
12.0
12.0
4
Sr.
No.
Type of Supply Line Vertical Clearance Horizontal Clearance
1. Low and medium voltage
lines and service lines
2.50 Metre
1.20 Metre
2. High voltage lines upto and
including 11,000 Volts
3.70 Metre
1.20 Metre
3. High voltage lines above
11,000 Volts and upto and
including 33,000 Volts
3.70 Metre 2.00 Metre
4. Extra high voltage lines
additional 33,000 Volts
3.70 Metre plus 0.30 Metre
for every additional 33,000
Volts
or part thereof
2.00 Metre plus 0.30 Metre
for every
additional 33,000 Volts or
part thereof
AMB-GAGRET 214
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
2 Semi-detached
Houses with common
wall on one side
Upto120 - 200 m2
2.0
1.5
1.5
50%
1.50
12.0
3
3 Row Houses with
common wall on two
sides
i. 30 m2 to 60 m2
ii. 60 m2 to 120 m2
0.9
2.0
Nil
Nil
0.9
1.0
85%
75%
1.65
1.80
7.0
10.0
2
3
Source: Proposed by Voyants based on Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning (Amendment), Rules 2016
Note:
In case of the smallest category of row housing i.e. 30 sq.m. – 60 sq.m, max 60% of each of the
front and rear setback area shall be allowed for Ground Coverage. Max. 0.45M window projection
shall be allowed in the setback area.
The entrance to the house shall be from the front setback area and none of the projections shall
infringe on to the road ROW.
Sample house plan on 30 sq.m. Minimum plot size of row housing category.
2. Non-Residential Buildings
AMB-GAGRET 215
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
I. Commercial Buildings
Commercial Corridor
Commercial corridor with Mixed land use in the Amb-Gagret Planning Area as per the Land
use plan in The Development Plan 2036 shall be governed by its specific Special Area Norms.
Old Market Areas
Commercial areas in Amb-Gagret town shall be governed by its specific Special area norms.
The town Commercial Centre shall have the following components
Retail
Commercial Offices
Service Centre
Hotel
Wholesale Market
Table 16-4: Commercial building Regulations shall be applicable in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Sl.
No.
Description and
Minimum Plot Area
Minimum Set
Backs
(in Meters)
Max
Ground
Coverage
Maximum
Floor Area
Ratio
Maximum
Height
(in
Meters)
Parking
Standards
Front Side Rear
1
Shops :
I. Standalone Row
Shops with
common wall on
two sides
a) 10 - 30 m2
b) Above 30 m2 to
100 m2
II. above 100 m2 to
250 m2
III. above 250 m2 to
500 m2
1.00
2.00
2.00
3.00
Nil
Nil
1.5
2.0
Nil
1.00
1.50
2.0
75%
75%
60%
60%
0.75
1.50
1.75
1.75
5.0
10.0
18.0
18.0
1.5 ECS per
100 sq.m. of
Built up
Area
2 Shopping Complex,
hotels Units, Lodges,
Hostels, Guest
Houses, Commercial
offices
i. above 500 m2 to
*2.0 ECS
per 100
sq.m of
Built up
Area
AMB-GAGRET 216
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
1500 m2
ii. Above 1500 m2
to 4000 m2
iii. Above 4000 m2
5.00
10.00
12.00
3.00
6.00
7.50
3.00
6.00
7.50
50%
40%
40%
2.00
1.75
1.50
21.00
21.00
21.00
3 Cinema/ Cineplex
4000 sq.m. & above
Multiplexes
4000 sq.m. & above
15.00
15.00
7.50
9.00
6.00
9.00
40%
40%
1.50
1.5
21.00
21.00
*3.0 ECS
per 100
sq.m of
Built up
Area
Source: Proposed by Voyants based on Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning (Amendment), Rules 2016.
Note:
*Parking floors in terms of basement, stilts or podium floor shall not be counted towards the
FAR.
The height of Service floor wherever proposed for installation of services in case of
Commercial/ shopping complexes/ hotels, shall be restricted to 2.10 Meter and this floor is
exempted from FAR, however the overall height restriction of building shall remain the same.
II. Public-Semi Public Buildings (PSP)
The town PSP land use shall have the following components:
a) Education facilities
b) Health facilities
c) Community facilities
d) Govt. Institutions
e) Public amenities
AMB-GAGRET 217
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Table 16-3: PSP Building Regulations shall be applicable in Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Sl.
No.
Description and Minimum
Plot Area
Minimum Set
Backs
(in Meters)
Maximu
m
Ground
Coverage
Maximum
Floor Area
Ratio
Maximum
Height
(in Meters)
Parking
Standard
s
Front Side Rear
1
EDUCATIONAL FACILITY*
Nursery School
1000 sq.m. (min)
Primary school
2000 sq.m. – 3000 sq.m.
Senior secondary school
3000 m2 to 5000 m2
College
20,000 m2 - 30,000 m2
5.00
10.00
2.00
15.0
3.0
6.0
6.0
8.0
3.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
65%
40%
40%
35%
1.0
1.20
1.50
1.00
5.0
18.0
18.0
15.0
1.0 ECS
per 100
sq.m. of
Built up
Area
2 HEALTH FACILITY
Dispensary
150 m2 to 200 m2
Family welfare unit
250 m2 to 500 m2
Nursing home
500 m2 - 750 m2
Hospital
8400 m2 - 21000 m2
2.00
3.5
5.0
15.0
1.5
2.0
3.00
10.0
1.5
2.0
3.00
10.0
50%
50%
40%
35%
1.50
1.50
1.20
1.00
12.0
12.0
18.0
15.0
1.0 ECS
per 100
sq.m of
Built up
Area
3 COMMUNITY FACILITY
Marriage Palaces
1000 sq.m.
Community centre
1000 sq.m.-1500 sq.m.
5.0
6.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
50%
40%
1.2
1.5
12.0
18.0
AMB-GAGRET 218
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
4 Petrol Pump #
1000 sq.m. (Minimum size)
Multi- level Parking
i. 500 m2 - 1500 m2
ii. Above 1500 m2 -
4000 m2
iii. Above 4000 m2
7.5
5.0
10.0
12.0
6.0
3.0
5.0
7.5
6.0
3.0
5.0
6.0
20%
50%
50%
60%
0.20
1.75
1.75
1.75
6.0
21.0
21.0
21.0
Source: Proposed by Voyants based on Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning (Amendment), Rules 2016.
*All provision for Nursery schools/classes shall be provided on the ground floor of the school premise
with adequate evacuation conditions as per the Fire & Life safety as per the National Building code of
India.
# Front of the plot should not be less than 30.00 Metres
III. Industrial (Non-polluting industries)
The industrial land use primarily caters to the agro based small and medium scale industries
with necessary storing, processing & packaging units.
The sub-division of industrial use into plots shall be governed by the following norms:
a) The development of industrial area may have plotted development for individual industrial units.
Some part of industrial area may be used for flatted group industry.
b) The Industrial Sub-division shall provide for:
Table 16-5: Industrial Regulations shall be applicable in Am-Gagret Planning Area
Sl.
No.
Type of Industry and
Minimum Plot Area
Minimum Set Backs
(in Meters)
Ground
Coverage
Maximum
Floor Area
Ratio
Maximum
Height in
Meters from
Mean Sea
Level upto
1000M
Maximum
Height in
Meters from
Mean Sea
Level above
1000M Front Side Rear
1 Flatted Group Industries
2000 m2
6.00 3.00 3.00 40% 1.25 15.00 12.00
2 Small Scale Industries 250 m2
to 500 m2
3.00 2.00 2.00 60% 1.75 15.00 12.00
3 Service/Light scale Industries
Above 500 m2 to 1000 m2
5.00 2.00 3.00 50% 1.5 15.00 12.00
4 Medium Scale Industries
Above 1000 m2 to 5000 m2
10.00 5.00 5.00 50% 1.25 20.00 15.00
5 Large & heavy scale
Industries Above 5000 m2
15.0 7.5 10.0 40% 1.00 20.0 15.00
Source: Proposed by Voyants based on Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning (Amendment), Rules 2016
AMB-GAGRET 219
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Regulations for Solar Passive Building Design
The Regulations for Solar Passive Building Design shall be as per Regulations contained in
Appendix-4 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.
Regulations for Development of Barrier Free Environment for differently abled Persons in
Public and Semi Public Building and Re-creational Areas
All the Commercial and Public & Semi-Public Buildings shall have to provide barrier free
environment for the differently abled persons as per Regulations contained in Appendix-5 of
the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.
Regulations for collection of Rain Water Harvesting
Provision of Rain Water Harvesting Tank in hill areas and Rain Water Harvesting Tank/
Ground Water Recharge Structure in plain areas shall be mandatory as per Regulations
contained in Appendix-6 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.
Regulations for Development of Apartments and Colonies in Real Estate Projects
The plotted development/ sub-division of land and flatted colony under the Real Estate
Project shall be regulated as per Regulations contained in Appendix-7 of the Himachal
Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.
Regulations for Installation for Communication Towers
The policy communicated by the Department of Information Technology, Govt. of Himachal
Pradesh Shimla shall be applicable in toto in all the Planning Areas and Special Areas in the
State of Himachal Pradesh subject to the condition that minimum setbacks as applicable for
residential buildings in that Planning Area or Special Area shall be applicable, in case tower
is installed on ground. A Structural Stability Certificate of the building shall be mandatory for
roof top towers and towers erected on ground.
Regulation for development of Information Technology Park (IT / Bio Park)
The development of Information Technology Park shall be regulated as per Regulations
contained in Appendix-3 of the Himachal Pradesh Town and Country Planning Rules, 2014.
Change of Land Use
The Change of Land Use shall be allowed based on development plan 2036 as in force or
statutorily amended thereafter.
AMB-GAGRET 220
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
17. ANNEXURE Co-ordinate points for Amb-Gagret Planning Area
Source: Sub-Division Town Planning Office, Una
AMB-GAGRET 221
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Land Use Survey Format
Code Details
R Residential
C Commercial
I Industrial
PSP Public/Semi-Public
S School
CL College
GO Govt. Office
CC Community Center
FS Fire Station
PO Post-Office
PHC/SC Primary Health Center/Sub-
Center
H Hospital
NH Nursing Home
PS/PC Police Station//Police
Chowki
CH Cinema Hall
A Anganwadi
B/ATM Bank/ATM
CG Cremation Ground
H Heritage Site
T Temple
AMB-GAGRET 222
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
AMB-GAGRET 223
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Figure 17-1: Land Use Survey Map
Source: AGiSAC and Town and Country Planning Department, Himachal Pradesh
List of Water Supply Schemes
Table 17-1: PWS Water Supply Schemes
Scheme Service level
(In LPCD)
Population
served
Source category Delivery
Points
Total supply (in MLD)
Name Type Location
Village
Type Location
Augmentation of WSS Chatehar ( Ambota )
in tehsil Amb Distt Una (PWS)
Augmentation 40 1433 Shiv Bari Ground
Water
In habitation 0.05732
LWSS Ambota Sagnai in tehsil Amb (PWS) Lift 40 1801 Ambota Ground
Water
In habitation 0.07204
Providing WSS to PC habitations of GP
Ambota and Saghnai in Tehsil and Distt.
Una (PWS)
Lift 40 Ground
Water
T/Well
PLWSS to PC Habitation of village Baroh
(Moh Choudhary, Battian Wala, Jat and
Rajput) from LWSS Baroh in tehsil Amb
Distt Una HP (PWS)
Lift 40 1763 Baroh Ground
Water
T/W at village Baroh
0.07052
Augmentation of WSS Gagret Kaloh in
tehsil Amb Distt Una (PWS)
Augmentation 40 1585 Kaloh Ground
Water
In habitation 0.0634
Aug of LWSS Oyal Tatehra (PWS) Lift 60 1948 Oyal Ground
Water
In habitation 0.11688
PLWSS to NC/PC habitation (CAP 2003) for
village Kuthiari and Nandpur in Tehsil Amb
Distt Una (PWS)
Lift 70 1036 Katauhar
Khurd
Ground
Water
T/W at village Kuthera
0.07252
Aug of LWSS Nandpur Thatal Ph-Ist in
Tehsil Amb Distt Una (PWS)
Lift 40 2923 Kuthera Ground
Water
T/W at village Kuthera
0.11692
AMB-GAGRET 224
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
WSS Mubarak Pur (PWS) Lift 40 1515 Mubarak
Pur
Ground
Water
In habitation 0.0606
PLWSS to NC/PC habitation (CAP 2003) to
village Adarsh Nagar under LWSS Amb in
Tehsil Amb Distt Una (PWS)
Lift 40 1284 Adarsh
Nagar
Ground
Water
T/W No. 4 at Amb
0.05136
PWSS to NC/PC Hab of LWSS Andora
Badaun in tehsil Amb Distt Una HP (PWS)
Lift 40 2298 Andora
Upper
Ground
Water
T/W at Andora 0.09192
PLWSS to PC Hab of Vill Andora Badaun
(Spot)- well
Lift 40 Ground
Water
PLWSS to NC/PC habitation (CAP 2003)
from LWSS Athwan (PWS)
Lift 40 813 Athwan Ground
Water
T/W near village
0.03252
PLWSS to NC/PC habitation (CAP 2003)
from LWSS Kalruhi in Tehsil Amb Distt Una
(PWS)
Lift 70 1331 Kalruhi Ground
Water
T/W at village Kalruhi
0.09317
Total 19730 0.89917
Source: National Rural Drinking Water Programme Website http://indiawater.gov.in/IMISReports/
Table 17-2: Hand pump Water Supply Schemes
Village Scheme Name No. Of
hand
pumps
Ave. Service
Level (in
LPCD)
Population Supply (in MLD)
Gagret Khas (140) Installation of hand pump at Gagret Nr. H/O Sh Arjun Dev (Spot) 5 40 1245 0.0498
Installation of hand pump Near GPS Harizan Basti Gagret (Spot)
Installation of hand pump Near Ravi Dass Temple (Spot)
Installation oh Hand Pump near Panchayat Ghar (Spot)
Installation of hand pump Near Gagret Shiv Bari (Spot)
AMB-GAGRET 225
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Krishan Nagar (140) Installation of Hand Pump Near Massaia Abadi (Spot) 1 40 474 0.01896
Ram Nagar (140) Installation of hand pump Near Gugga Mandir (Spot) 12 44 435 0.01914
Installation of hand pump Near H/O Sh. Rattan Chand (Spot)
Installation oh Hand Pump near H/O Achhar Singh (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump Near H/O Noor Mohammad (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump near H/O Achhar Mohamad Lower
Kamali (Spot)
Installation of hand pump Near H/O Sh Roshan Lal (Spot)
Installation oh Hand Pump near H/O Mukhtiar Singh (Spot)
Installation oh Hand Pump near H/O Ranjit Singh (Spot)
Installation oh Hand Pump near H/O Ram Chand (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump near H/O Pirthi Singh (Spot)
Installation oh Hand Pump near H/O Jagdish Chand (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump near Govt middle school (Spot)
Ambota (139) Installation of Hand Pump at Ambota Panth Mohalla near
Gurdwara (Spot)
3 40 1801 0.07204
Installation of Hand Pump at Ambota Harizan Basti near Santa
Mohalla (Spot)
AMB-GAGRET 226
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Installation of hand pump Near Sr. sec school Ambota (Spot)
Baroh (147) Installation of Hand Pump near GPS Moh Harizan (Spot) 2 40 1763 0.07052
Installation of hand pump Baloh workshop complex (Spot)
Kaloh Installation of Hand Pump at Kaloh near Police Station Gagret
(Spot)
1 40 1585 0.0634
Oyal Installation of Hand Pump at Oyal near H/O Sh. Rampal (Spot) 7 42.5 1948 0.08279
Installation of Hand Pump near Haloti Mohalla (Spot)
Installation of hand pump Oyal Ashram (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Oyal near GHS (Spot)
Installation of hand pump Near Hanuman Mandir (Spot)
Installation of hand pump near mohalla mojowal (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Oyal at Haroti Mohalla (Spot)
Katauhar Kalan (151) Installation of Hand Pump at Katauhar Kalan near GPS (Spot) 5 40 1256 0.05024
Installation of Hand Pump at Katauhar Kalan Near H/O Deepak
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Katauhar Kalan Near H/O Fateh
Chand (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Katauhar Kalan Near Panchayat Ghar
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Katauhar Kalan near Hariza Basti
(Spot)
AMB-GAGRET 227
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Kathauhar Khurd
(152)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kathauhar Khurd Near H/O Braham
Dass (Spot)
2 50 1036
Installation of Hand Pump at Kathauhar Khurd Near H/O Santokh
Singh (Spot)
Kuthera (85) Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Brahmin Basti vill. Kuryali
(Spot)
12 40 2923 0.11692
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Near H/O Kanshi Ram (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Near H/O Mohan Lal (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Near Maszid (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Muslim abadi Nr. H/O Gafur
Mohd. (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Nr Muslim Abadi Panjoa
Road Kuthera (Spot)
Installation of Hand PumpNr. Muslim Abadi Pandoli Khad (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera GP School Kuthera (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Near H/O Kishan Chand
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Near H/O Sukh Dev (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera near H/O Vas Dev Brahaman
Basti (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Kuthera Near Pump House (Spot)
Mubarak Pur (138) Installation of Hand Pump at Mubarak Pur Near Bhagtan Da Behra
(Spot)
4 40 1515
AMB-GAGRET 228
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Installation of Hand Pump at Mubarak Pur Near H/O Jeevan
Saroch (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Mubarak Pur Near Hanuman Temple
(Spot)
Installation of hand pump at Mubarak Pur Near H/O Sh. Kushal
Kumar (Spot)
Amb Khas (143) Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Court (Spot) 22 40 1759 0.07036
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near B.D.O office (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Baba Mast (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Bus Stop (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near College (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Devi mandir (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near H/O Abdul Razak (Spot)
Installation of Hand pump at Amb near H/O Bidhi Chand (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near H/O P.D.Sharma (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near H/O Sita Ram (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Mubarak Pur Road (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Tehsildar Residence (Spot)
AMB-GAGRET 229
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Temple (Spot)
Installation of Hand pump at Amb near Temple Athwan Road
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Gujjar Basti (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Annu Near H/O Manohar Lal (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Annu Near Temple (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Annu Near village centre (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Mubarak Pur Near GMS (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Gautam Medical Store
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near H/O Balbinder (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Amb Near Harizan Basti (Spot)
Heera Nagar (143) Installation of Hand Pump at Heera Nagar Near H/O Masat Ram
(Spot)
1 40 1368 0.05472
Adarsh Nagar (143) Installation of Hand Pump at Adarsh Nagar Near H/O Beli Ram
(Spot)
3 40 1284 0.05136
Installation of Hand Pump at Adarsh Nagar Near H/O Pirthi Chand
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Pratap Nagar Near H/O Gurbachan
(Spot)
Andora Lower (144) Installation of Hand Pump at Lower Andora Near GHS (Spot) 1 40 2246 0.08984
AMB-GAGRET 230
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Andora Upper (144) Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Kabir Panthi Near H/O
Kishan Chand (Spot)
14 40 2298 0.09192
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near Anganbari (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near GPS (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Charan Dass
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Dalamba
Ram (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Kishan
Chand (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Kishori Lal
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Ram Kishan
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Subhash
Chand (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/O Sukhdev
Singh (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near H/OVijay Kumar
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near Ram Mandir
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Upper Andora Near Sarai (Spot)
PWSS to village Upper Andora (Moh. Loharan) by installation of
Hand Pump (Spot)
Athwan (142) Installation of Hand Pump at Athwan Near GPS (Spot) 4 40 813 0.03252
AMB-GAGRET 231
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Installation of Hand Pump at Athwan Near H/O Gurdev (Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Athwan Near H/O Narayan Chand
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Athwan Near H\O Mithu Ram (Spot)
Kalruhi (141) Installation of Hand Pump at Janghli Near Dhadwal Dhaba (Spot) 3 47 1331 0.062557
Installation of Hand Pump at Jhangli Near H/O Bachhitar Singh
(Spot)
Installation of Hand Pump at Jhangli Near H/O Bachitar Singh
(Spot)
Tibbi (78) Installation of Hand Pump at Tibbi Near H/O Kamal (Spot) 1 40 134 0.00536
Total 27214 1.054247
Source: National Rural Drinking Water Programme Website http://indiawater.gov.in/IMISReports/
AMB-GAGRET 232
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Functional Index
Table 17-3: Physical Facilities
Sewer
Network
Drainage S.W.M. Power
Village Name Total
Popul
ation
of
Villag
e
Den
sity
Black
Toppe
d
(pucca
) Road
(Statu
s
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weig
htage
Tap
Water-
Treated
and
protecte
d(Status
A(1)/NA(
0))
Weig
htage
Whet
her
Drain
water
is
discha
rged
directl
y into
sewer
plant
(Statu
s
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weig
htage
Drain
age
Syste
m
(Ope
n-
1/Clo
sed-
2/Bo
th-
3/No
-4?)
Weig
htage
(open
-1,
close
d-2,
both-
1,
none-
0
Drai
nage
Syst
em
(ope
n-1,
close
d-2,
both
-1,
none
-0)
Weig
htage
Comm
unity
waste
dispos
al
syste
m
after
house
to
house
collect
ion
(Statu
s
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weig
htage
Power
Supply
For
Dome
stic
Use
(Statu
s
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weig
htage
Physical
Infrastr
ucture
Weight
ed
Score
6 5 4 3 3 2 1
Indira Nagar
(140)
171 1.8
5
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Oyal (148) 1948 3.3
9
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
AMB-GAGRET 233
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Dev Nagar
(140)
421 5.1
9
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Krishan
Nagar (140)
474 0.9
8
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Shiv Pur
(138)
205 1.1
3
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Ambota
(139)
1801 19.
15
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Amb (143) 1759 8.5
3
0 0 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 13
Kathauhar
Khurd (152)
1036 7.0
9
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Gagret (140) 1245 13.
38
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Andora
Nichla (144)
2246 6.2
5
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Kalruhi (141) 1331 3.6
3
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Baroh (147) 1763 4.7
3
1 6 1 5 1 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 16
Kuthera (85) 2923 4.3
1
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
AMB-GAGRET 234
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Rampur
(138)
803 15.
15
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Kanshi Pur
(138)
1630 7.9
1
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Ram Nagar
(140)
435 1.2
8
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Pratap Nagar
(143)
2494 14.
01
0 0 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 13
Kaloh (142) 1585 6.2
8
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Shastri Nagar
(145)
157 1.5
8
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Heera Nagar
(143)
1368 9.9
1
0 0 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 13
Athwan
(142)
813 3.8
5
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Shiv Bari
(139)
1433 4.0
7
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Mubarak Pur
(138)
1515 7.7
2
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
AMB-GAGRET 235
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Andora
Upperla
(144)
2298 5.8
6
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Katauhar
Kalan (151)
1256 4.3
7
1 6 1 5 0 0 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 15
Tibbi (78) 134 2.2
3
1 6 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 19
Adarsh
Nagar (143)
1284 8.8
5
0 0 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 13
Table 17-4: Social Facilities (Medical)
Sr.
No.
Village Name
Total Population
of Village
MEDICAL FACILITIES
Hosp
ital
Weigh
tage
Dispen
sary
(Status
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weigh
tage
Family
welfare
/
Matern
ity and
child
welfare
(Status
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weigh
tage
Comm
unity
Health
Centre
(Numb
ers)
Weigh
tage
Primary
Health
Centre
(Status
A(1)/N
A(0)))
Weigh
tage
Primar
y
Health
Sub
Centre
(Status
A(1)/N
A(0))
Weigh
tage
Medic
al
Weig
hted
Score
1 Gagret NP 2429 0 0 1 2 1 4 1 5 0 0 1 1 12
2 Oyal (148) 1948 1 6 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 9
AMB-GAGRET 236
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
3 Ambota (139) 1801 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3
4 Krishan Nagar
(140)
474 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 Amb (143) 1759 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 3
6 Andora Nichla
(144)
2246 0 0 1 2 1 4 0 0 1 3 1 1 10
7 Shiv Pur (138) 205 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8 Mubarak Pur
(138)
1515 0 0 1 2 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 7
9 Kathauhar
Khurd (152)
1036 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
10 Kuthera (85) 2923 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 3
11 Kanshi Pur
(138)
1630 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
12 Shiv Bari (139) 1433 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
13 Kalruhi (141) 1331 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 Rampur (138) 803 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15 Baroh (147) 1763 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
AMB-GAGRET 237
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
16 Pratap Nagar
(143)
2494 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 Kaloh (142) 1585 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
18 Heera Nagar
(143)
1368 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
19 Tibbi (78) 134 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20 Athwan (142) 813 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
21 Andora
Upperla (144)
2298 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
22 Adarsh Nagar
(143)
1284 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 Katauhar
Kalan (151)
1256 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
Table 17-5: Social Facilities (Education)
Sr.
No.
Village Name EDUCATION FACILITIES
AMB-GAGRET 238
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
Total
Population of
Village
Pre-
Primary
School
(Nursery/L
KG/UKG)
(Status
:Private-
1,Govt.-
2,Both-
3,None-4)
Weigh
tage
Primary
School(
Status
:Private
-1,
Govt.-2,
Both-3,
None-4)
Weigh
tage
Middle
School(
Status
:Private
-1,
Govt.-2
Both-3,
None-4)
Weigh
tage
Secon
dary
Schoo
l
(Statu
s
:Priva
te-1,
Govt.-
2,
Both-
3,
None-
4)
Weigh
tage
Senio
r
Secon
dary
Schoo
l
(Statu
s
:Priva
te-1,
Govt.-
2,
Both-
3,
None-
4)
Weigh
tage
Degree
College(
Status
:Private-
1, Govt.-
2, Both-
3, None-
4)
Weigh
tage
Educa
tion
Weig
hted
Score
1 Gagret NP 2429 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 4 0 15
2 Oyal (148) 1948 4 0 2 0 3 1.5 2 4 2 5 4 0 10.5
3 Ambota (139) 1801 2 1 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 5 4 0 13
4 Krishan
Nagar (140)
474 1 0.5 2 1 2 3 2 4 2 5 4 0 13.5
5 Amb (143) 1759 3 0.5 3 1 2 3 2 4 2 5 4 0 13.5
6 Andora
Nichla (144)
2246 4 0 2 0 2 3 2 4 4 0 4 0 7
7 Shiv Pur (138) 205 4 0 2 0 2 3 2 4 2 5 4 0 12
AMB-GAGRET 239
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
8 Mubarak Pur
(138)
1515 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0
9 Kathauhar
Khurd (152)
1036 1 0.5 3 1 3 1.5 3 2 3 2.5 4 0 7.5
10 Kuthera (85) 2923 3 0.5 3 1 3 1.5 4 0 4 0 4 0 3
11 Kanshi Pur
(138)
1630 2 1 2 2 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 3
12 Shiv Bari
(139)
1433 2 1 4 2 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 3
13 Kalruhi (141) 1331 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 4 0 4 0 10
14 Rampur (138) 803 2 1 2 2 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 3
15 Baroh (147) 1763 2 1 3 2 3 1.5 4 0 3 2.5 4 0 7
16 Pratap Nagar
(143)
2494 2 1 4 2 2 3 4 0 4 0 4 0 6
17 Kaloh (142) 1585 4 0 2 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0
18 Heera Nagar
(143)
1368 2 1 3 2 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 3
19 Tibbi (78) 134 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0
20 Athwan (142) 813 2 1 2 2 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 3
AMB-GAGRET 240
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
21 Andora
Upperla (144)
2298 4 0 2 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0
22 Adarsh Nagar
(143)
1284 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0
23 Katauhar
Kalan (151)
1256 4 0 2 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 4 0 0
Sr.
No.
Village Name
Total Population of
Village
COMMUNICATION FACILITIES
Mobile
Phone
Coverage
(Status
A(1)/NA(0
))
Weightag
e
Private
Courier
Facility
(Status
A(1)/NA(0
))
Weightag
e
Internet
Cafes /
Common
Service
Centre
(CSC)
(Status
A(1)/NA(0
))
Weightag
e
Social
Infrastructur
e Weighted
Score
Communicatio
n Weighted
Score
1 Gagret NP 2429 1 3 1 2 1 1 27 3
2 Oyal (148) 1948 1 3 0 0 1 1 19.5 2
3 Ambota (139) 1801 1 3 1 2 1 1 16 3
4 Krishan Nagar (140) 474 1 3 0 0 0 0 13.5 1
5 Amb (143) 1759 1 3 1 2 1 1 16.5 3
AMB-GAGRET 241
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
6 Andora Nichla (144) 2246 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 0
7 Shiv Pur (138) 205 1 3 0 0 0 0 12 1
8 Mubarak Pur (138) 1515 1 3 1 2 1 1 7 3
9 Kathauhar Khurd
(152)
1036 1 3 0 0 0 0 8.5 1
10 Kuthera (85) 2923 1 3 0 0 0 0 6 1
11 Kanshi Pur (138) 1630 1 3 0 0 0 0 5 1
12 Shiv Bari (139) 1433 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 3
13 Kalruhi (141) 1331 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0
14 Rampur (138) 803 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 3
15 Baroh (147) 1763 1 3 0 0 0 0 7 1
16 Pratap Nagar (143) 2494 1 3 0 0 1 1 6 2
17 Kaloh (142) 1585 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
18 Heera Nagar (143) 1368 1 3 1 2 1 1 5 3
19 Tibbi (78) 134 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 1
20 Athwan (142) 813 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
AMB-GAGRET 242
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
21 Andora Upperla
(144)
2298 1 3 0 0 0 0 2 1
22 Adarsh Nagar (143) 1284 1 3 1 2 1 1 0 3
23 Katauhar Kalan (151) 1256 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
AMB-GAGRET 243
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
List of Functions mentioned in 12th Schedule (74th Amendment)
1. Urban planning including town planning
2. Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings
3. Planning for economic and social development
4. Roads and bridges
5. Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial purposes
6. Public health, sanitation conservancy and solid waste management
7. Slum improvement and up-gradation
8. Urban poverty alleviation
9. Fire services
10. Urban forestry
11. Safeguarding the interests of weaker sections of society
12. Provision of urban amenities and facilities
13. Promotion of cultural, educational and aesthetic aspects
14. Burials and burial grounds
15. Cattle pounds; prevention of cruelty to animals
16. Vital statistics
17. Public amenities
18. Regulation of slaughter houses
AMB-GAGRET 244
T C P D Development Plans for Various Planning/Special Areas of Himachal Pradesh
TCPD, Himachal Pradesh
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AMB-GAGRET 245
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AMB-GAGRET 246
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