Download - (Radio) Astronomy in Taiwan
(Radio) Astronomy in Taiwan(Radio) Astronomy in Taiwan
Jeremy Lim Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Academia Sinica
(ASIAA), Taiwan
Taiwan(22.5 million)
Malaysia (23 million)
Growth of Astronomy in Growth of Astronomy in TaiwanTaiwan
No. of PhD working in Astronomy, Astrophysics & Particle Astrophysics in Taiwan
4 5 5 5 5 5 59 9 9 9 9 10 12 12
15
22
29 3034
42
51
65 65
80
0
20
40
60
80
100
1970 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
year
Num
ber
of P
hD
No. of PhD
ASIAA established (1993)
“Story of Modern Astronomy in Taiwan is very much the story of ASIAA”
1980 1990 2000
Taiwan only recently became a player in modern astronomy
Why do Why do Astronomy?Astronomy?Forefront Scientific Research
No secrets or patents – Discoveries openly published, Universe available to All
Friendly and Helpful Community:Open (competitive) access to forefront Telescopes
Collaborations to build up Research or Instruments/Telescopes
Taiwan Funding Agencies – Academia Sinica, National Science Council, and Ministry of Education
Improve Science and Technology
Graduate Education (Astrophysics, Mathematics, Engineering, Computers, …)
Technology transfer to Industry
Public Support
Strong Public interest, stimulates Education among all Ages
Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taipei (NTU) (10 faculty, ~17 postdocs, ~20 technical, ~15 assistants, ~15 students)
Graduate Institute of Astronomy, National Central University (NCU), Chung-Li (9 faculty, ~20 Masters, ~5 PhD, ~2 postdocs)
Institute of Astrophysics, National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei (3 faculty, a few students)
Institute of Astronomy, National Tsing-Hua University (NTHU), Tsing-Hua (2 faculty, a few students)
Theoretical Institute for Advanced Research in Astrophysics (TIARA), NTHU-AS initiative (currently housed at ASIAA)
Astronomers on faculty in other University departments
Main Astronomy/Astrophysics Main Astronomy/Astrophysics Institutes/DepartmentsInstitutes/Departments
Main Telescope Research Main Telescope Research Projects Projects Radio Telescopes
Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii (USA, Taiwan), commissioned
Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy (AMiBA) on Mauna Loa, Hawaii (Taiwan, Australia, USA, Canada), under construction
Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) on Atacama, Chile (USA, Europe, Japan), under negotiation with Japan
Optical Telescopes
Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS) on Lulin mountain, Taiwan (Taiwan, USA, Korea), under construction
WIRCam for CFHT (3.6 m) on Mauna Kea, Hawaii (Canada, France, USA, Korea, Taiwan), under construction
“Builder, not just user”
Partnership between Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and ASIAA
Eight 6-meter antennas located at Mauna Kea, Hawaii (altitude 4080 m)
2 antennas constructed by ASIAA – increases number of baselines from 15 to 28!
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − OverviewThe Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Overview
Partnership between Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and ASIAA
Eight 6-meter antennas located at Mauna Kea, Hawaii (altitude 4080 m)
2 antennas constructed by ASIAA – increases number of baselines from 15 to 28!
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − OverviewThe Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Overview
Hangar for Assembly
Control Room
Receivers at 1.3 mm (270 GHz), 0.8 mm (345 GHz), and 0.4 mm (690 GHz)
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Operating The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Operating BandsBands
Constructed and Assembled in Taiwan in partnership with Industry
Mount constructed by China Shipbuilding Company (CSBC) in Keelung
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Mount & The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Mount & ReflectorReflector
Constructed and Assembled in Taiwan in partnership with Industry
Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Plastic Tubes for Reflector Backup Structure constructed by NITE (bicycle company) in Taichung
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Mount & The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Mount & ReflectorReflector
Constructed and Assembled in Taiwan in partnership with Industry
Antenna Mechanical/Electrical Assembly by Aeronautic Research Laboratory (ARL) in Taichung
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Mount & The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Mount & ReflectorReflector
Establishment of a Receiver Laboratory at ASIAA
All Receiver Systems assembled/tested by ASIAA Receiver Laboratory
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Receiver The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Receiver SystemsSystems
Developing expertise to make Low-Noise Junctions for Receivers
690 GHz SiS (Nb/SiO2) junction fabricated at ASIAA and National
Tsing-Hua University (NTHU)
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Junctions The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Junctions
Array commissioned in November 2003
General Purpose Astronomical Research: Solar System – Planetary Atmospheres
Galactic Astronomy – Star Formation, Evolved Stars, Planetary Nebulae Extragalactic Astronomy – Dust and Interstellar Medium, Relativistic Jets
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science
Science Program: Molecular Gas in Messier 51 (a nearby active galaxy)
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science
SMA: 12CO (2-1) @230 GHz
Science Program: Motion of Molecular Gas in M51
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science
SMA: 12CO (2-1) @230 GHz
Science Programs: Feeding the Central Supermassive Black Hole in M51
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science
12CO (1-0) @115 GHz
Sakamoto et al. (1999)
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science
SMA: 12CO (2-1) @230 GHz
Science Programs: Feeding the Central Supermassive Black Hole in M51
The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science The Sub-Millimeter Array (SMA) − Science
SMA: 12CO (3-2) @345 GHz
Science Programs: Feeding the Central Supermassive Black Hole in M51
Local Partners ASIAA and National Taiwan University (NTU)
Measure polarization of Cosmic Microwave Background at 3 mm (90 GHz)
Search for distant Galaxy Clusters from Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect at 3 mm, as tracer of Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy (AMiBA) (AMiBA)
observing frequency
CMB modified by
SZ effect
CMB
Measurement of SZ-effect with Owens Valley Radio Observatory
Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy (AMiBA) (AMiBA)
X-ray Contours Radio False-Color
X-ray Contours X-ray False-Color
X-ray Contours Optical False-Color
Patel et al. (2000)
AMiBA Prototype (2 x 30 cm) dishes on Mauna Loa, Hawaii (2002)
Hardware Testing and Trouble-Shooting, Astronomy Test Observations
Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy (AMiBA) (AMiBA)
Fringes on MoonTwo-element Prototype
AMiBA to be deployed in 2004 (starting with 7 elements, 0.6 – 2.4 m dishes)
Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy Array for Microwave Background Anisotropy (AMiBA) (AMiBA)
Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)
Local Partners ASIAA and National Central University (NCU)
Determine size distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs)
Discovery of first KBO
Jewiit & Luu (1993)
The Solar System
Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)
Only KBOs ≥ 100 km detectable by even the largest optical telescopes
TAOS able to detect KBOs ≥ 2 km by occultation of Background Stars
Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)
Instrument: Four 20 inch (50 cm) telescopes on Lulin Mountain, Taiwan
Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)Taiwan-American-Occultation Survey (TAOS)
Test observation: Occultation of Background Star by a known Asteroid 1 Frame
(0.2 s)
Astronomy in Taiwan: A Strong Growth PhaseAstronomy in Taiwan: A Strong Growth Phase
Strong Growth anticipated for TIARA, NTU, and NTHU
ASIAA, with ~70 members currently, continues to expand to meet challenge of ALMA and other projects
Active Recruitment of Astronomers, Astrophysicists, Physicists, Engineers, and Computer Scientists (hardware and software)
Positions advertised in Physics Today and Job Register of American Astronomical Society
For more Information, please contact:Jeremy Lim (Chair, Postdoc Committee)
[email protected] Sun Kwok (Director, Executive Committee) [email protected]