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Ranchers and Farmers Pages 609-620• Closing of the Frontier
• Cattle Drives• Homesteads
• Plight of the Farmer• Grange• Farmers’ Alliance
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TheThe
CattleCattle
TrailsTrails
TheThe
CattleCattle
TrailsTrails
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Land Use: 1880sLand Use: 1880sLand Use: 1880sLand Use: 1880s
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New New AgriculturalAgriculturalTechnologyTechnology
New New AgriculturalAgriculturalTechnologyTechnology
““Prairie Fan”Prairie Fan”Water PumpWater Pump
Steel Plow [“Sod Steel Plow [“Sod Buster”]Buster”]
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Barbed WireBarbed WireBarbed WireBarbed Wire
Joseph Joseph GliddenGliddenJoseph Joseph GliddenGlidden
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African African AmericanAmerican
“Exoduster”“Exoduster”HomesteaderHomesteader
ss
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African Americans Moving WestAfrican Americans Moving West
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Homesteads From Public LandsHomesteads From Public LandsHomesteads From Public LandsHomesteads From Public Lands
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Frontier Settlements: 1870-1890Frontier Settlements: 1870-1890Frontier Settlements: 1870-1890Frontier Settlements: 1870-1890
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The Realty--A Pioneer’s Sod House, The Realty--A Pioneer’s Sod House, SDSD
The Realty--A Pioneer’s Sod House, The Realty--A Pioneer’s Sod House, SDSD
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Rain Follows the Plow!Rain Follows the Plow!Rain Follows the Plow!Rain Follows the Plow!
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Frederick Jackson TurnerFrederick Jackson TurnerFrederick Jackson TurnerFrederick Jackson Turner
The Significance of the Frontier The Significance of the Frontier in American Societyin American Society (1893)(1893)
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Price Indexes for Price Indexes for Consumer & Farm Consumer & Farm
Products: 1865-1913Products: 1865-1913
Price Indexes for Price Indexes for Consumer & Farm Consumer & Farm
Products: 1865-1913Products: 1865-1913
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Founder of the Founder of the National Grange of National Grange of
the Patrons of the Patrons of Husbandry (1867)Husbandry (1867)
Founder of the Founder of the National Grange of National Grange of
the Patrons of the Patrons of Husbandry (1867)Husbandry (1867)
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The Grange The Grange MovementMovementThe Grange The Grange MovementMovement
First organized in the 1870s in First organized in the 1870s in the Midwest, the south, and the Midwest, the south, and Texas.Texas.
Set up cooperative associations.Set up cooperative associations.
Social and educational Social and educational components.components.
Succeeded in lobbying for Succeeded in lobbying for “Granger Laws“Granger Laws.”.”
Rapidly declined by the late Rapidly declined by the late 1870s1870s..
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The Farmers The Farmers AlliancesAlliances
The Farmers The Farmers AlliancesAlliances Begun in the late 1880s (Texas first Begun in the late 1880s (Texas first
the the Southern AllianceSouthern Alliance; then in the ; then in the Midwest Midwest the the Northern AllianceNorthern Alliance).).
Excluded African American farmers – Excluded African American farmers – Colored Farmers’ National AllianceColored Farmers’ National Alliance
Built upon the ashes of the Grange.Built upon the ashes of the Grange.
More political and less social than More political and less social than the Grange.the Grange.
Ran candidates for office.Ran candidates for office.
Controlled 8 state legislatures & had Controlled 8 state legislatures & had 4747representatives in Congress during representatives in Congress during the 1890s.the 1890s.
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United United We We
Stand, Stand, Divided Divided We FallWe Fall
United United We We
Stand, Stand, Divided Divided We FallWe Fall
In 1889 both In 1889 both the Northern andthe Northern andSouthern AlliancesSouthern Alliancesmerged into one—merged into one—the the Farmers’ Farmers’ AllianceAlliance..