Download - Remote monitoring control
Remote Monitoring and Remote Monitoring and Control of Landfill SystemsControl of Landfill Systems
SWANA 2005 Winter ConferenceSWANA 2005 Winter ConferencePresented by:Presented by:
Curtis D. Madsen, P.E. Curtis D. Madsen, P.E. David L. Boudry, Master David L. Boudry, Master
ElectricianElectrician
Remote Monitoring and Remote Monitoring and Control of Landfill SystemsControl of Landfill Systems
SWANA 2005 Winter ConferenceSWANA 2005 Winter ConferencePresented by:Presented by:
Curtis D. Madsen, P.E. Curtis D. Madsen, P.E. David L. Boudry, Master David L. Boudry, Master
ElectricianElectrician
Integrated Integrated Environmental SolutionsEnvironmental Solutions
BackgroundBackgroundBackgroundBackground
Landfill (LF) leachate management in the past: Isolated control panels at each device
Typical devices:– Leachate sump pumps– Transfer pump recirculation areas– Actuator valves– Leachate tank load-out facilities– Wet wells/Lift stations pumping to treatment
plants
Site visit required to:– Assess operational status (is it running?)– Troubleshoot problems– Make adjustments to control settings
Sensitive to lightning strikes and “downtime”
Recently, use of programmable logic controller (PLC)based control systems
Background Background (cont.)(cont.)Background Background (cont.)(cont.)
PLC-based systems:– Are Cost effective – Typically require less downtime compared to
previous controls– Are less labor intensive – Can be networked together– Enable “real-time” monitoring,
troubleshooting, and adjustments to set points
Background Background (cont.)(cont.)Background Background (cont.)(cont.)
Basic Controller
Logic
Historical ApplicationsHistorical ApplicationsHistorical ApplicationsHistorical Applications
Typical control technology historically used at landfills has included:
Side slope riser sump pumps– Typical controllers:
Printed circuit boards with transducers Load-sensing controllers
– Site visit required to make adjustments/record data/troubleshoot
– Data availability limited – Sensitivity to lightning strikes
Leachate load-out tanks/force-main facilities– Typical controls
Same as SSR pumps Float switches
– Site visit required to make adjustments/record data/troubleshoot
Historical Applications Historical Applications (cont.)(cont.)Historical Applications Historical Applications (cont.)(cont.)
Other components– Data availability limited– Leachate distribution/recirculation pumps– Fail-safe valves– Leachate head wells– All require site visit to make
adjustments/record data/troubleshoot
Historical Applications Historical Applications (cont.)(cont.)Historical Applications Historical Applications (cont.)(cont.)
What is a PLC?– Microprocessor, similar to that found in a PC,
calculator, or your automobile– Extensively used to control manufacturing
and treatment processes– Programmable, accepts directions,
calculates, stores data, gives commands to other equipment
– Can also accept directions: Notification of alarm levels Types of events to record
PLC ApplicationsPLC ApplicationsPLC ApplicationsPLC Applications
PLC can be programmed to:– Track selected data and functions (reducing
the effort required to complete an annual environmental monitoring report)
– Notify selected personnel of an alarm condition
PLC-based control systems allow the efficient and flexible use of a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system
PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)
What is SCADA? SCADA enables a site operator to
monitor and control processes from a remote location– Used to monitor and control any type of
mechanical and electrical equipment at LF facilities
PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)
A properly designed SCADA system reduces labor costs by minimizing site visits for:– Inspection– Data collection/logging– Making adjustments
PLC/SCADA systems allow:– Real-time monitoring from your PC system – settings
and modifications – Troubleshooting from your PC– Increased equipment life – better preventive
maintenance– Automatic report generating feature
PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)
Applications of PLCs are the same as the other control devices presented earlier
PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)PLC Applications PLC Applications (cont.)(cont.)
Controller ComparisonController ComparisonController ComparisonController Comparison Four general types of controllers
used at landfills:
– Relay logic
– Load sensing
– Printed circuit boards
– Programmable logic controller
Network operation expands system flexibility to include:– Pump run time– Motor cycles– Motor amperage– Condition of motor starter– Position of H-O-A switch
Controller Comparison Controller Comparison (cont.)(cont.)Controller Comparison Controller Comparison (cont.)(cont.)
– Ability to assess many fault conditions from an Internet connection (office PC) – controls response/repair costs
– Recording of fault history log– Daily data log (head levels)– Flare run/shutdown log– Remote determination on condition of the
device, the H-O-A Switch (if “manual” or “off” or “auto” setting)
Controller Comparison Controller Comparison (cont.)(cont.)Controller Comparison Controller Comparison (cont.)(cont.)
Controller ComparisonController ComparisonController ComparisonController Comparison
Relay
Logic
Printed
Circuit
Board
Load
Sensing
PLC
Controller ComparisonController ComparisonController ComparisonController Comparison
Printed
Circuit
Board
Load
Sensing
PLC
Relay Logic
- Stand-alone device
- Float controlled
- Only does one thing
- No communication ability
Controller ComparisonController ComparisonController ComparisonController Comparison
Relay
Logic
Printed
Circuit
Board
PLC
Load Sensing- Control based on amp draw of
motor
- Stand-alone device
- Only does one thing
- No communication ability
- Can be confused by voltage fluctuations
- Time based feature does not account for heavy rains or seasonal changes
Controller ComparisonController ComparisonController ComparisonController Comparison
Relay
Logic
Load
Sensing
PLC
Printed Circuit Boards
- Controlled by pressure transducer
- Stand-alone device
- Controller may provide "indication" of liquid level
- May have limited communication ability
Controller ComparisonController ComparisonController ComparisonController Comparison
Relay
Logic
Printed
Circuit
Board
Load
Sensing
Programmable Logic Controller
- Uses one or several, various sensors (e.g., transducer) to operate a device (e.g., pump)
- Operate as “stand-alone” or as part of a “network”
- Stand-alone operation provides run time, pump cycles, and fault codes via in-field operator interface
- Can operate as a network from an Internet connection (office PC)
Summary Points of ComparisonSummary Points of ComparisonSummary Points of ComparisonSummary Points of Comparison Basic operations logic
– Minimal at best, for non-PLC controller
Controller adjustability– Minimal at best, for non-PLC controller
System troubleshooting– PLCs have a “fault code” system; other
devices do not
Remote location requirements– Non–PLC-based systems require site visit to
assess operation status, troubleshoot, or gather data
– With PLCs and SCADA, information can be accessed from your office PC (or any Internet connection with Web-based SCADA)
Advanced database/reporting/monitoring capabilities– Only available with PLCs and SCADA
Summary Points of Comparison Summary Points of Comparison (cont.)(cont.)Summary Points of Comparison Summary Points of Comparison (cont.)(cont.)
CostCostCostCostCost of PLC System is based on:
How many devices require control
Areal size of a facility– Networking capability of PLC devices can
control labor costs– Fiber optic or Ethernet radio options (lightning
strike protection) are available
Types of data required for daily operations– Run time of pumps recirculating leachate
Costs Costs (cont.)(cont.)Costs Costs (cont.)(cont.)
Types of environmental monitoring reports required
Competition among manufacturers– Several marketplace manufacturers help to
control costs of PLCs
Screen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen Demonstration
Closing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing Comments
Questions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/Applications
Screen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen Demonstration
Closing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing Comments
Questions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/Applications
Screen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen Demonstration
Closing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing Comments
Questions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/Applications
Screen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen DemonstrationScreen Demonstration
Closing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing CommentsClosing Comments
Questions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/ApplicationsQuestions/Applications