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INITIATIVE:RESEARCH,DEVELOPMENT,IMPLEMENTATIONANDTRAININGINANEWMETHODOLOGYTOCONSERVEANDRESTOREDECORATEDHERITAGEBUILD-INGS,USINGTHEIRORIGINALDESIGNTECHNIQUE,NOTABLYTHEPREVIOUSLYLOSTTECHNIQUEOF‘FRESCOPAINTING’AND‘COLOUREDPLASTER’APPLICATIONFORTHESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYAWARDOFHUSTAHUE,SEPTEMBER2018
EastsidedetailoftheFrontScreenafterfirstremovingofbiogrowth
Afterconservationandrestoration
Applicants:
Ms.AndreaTeufelDipl.Conservator-Restorer(M.A.),HeritageConservatorM.A.Projectleader,ChiefConservator-RestorerCulturalPreservationProjectsoftheGermanFederalForeignOfficeandtheSocietyforthePreservationofCulturalHeritage(GEKEe.V.)HeadrepresentativeofGEKEe.V.inVietnamMr.KhanhDangNguyenConservator-Restorerforheritagebuildings,Sitemanager,TrainerDirectorofthePhungTienProject:SocietyforthePreservationofCulturalHeritage(NGO)/GesellschaftzurErhaltungdeskulturellenErbese.V.(GEKEe.V.)PropsteiJohannesberg<36041Fulda,GermanyTel.+49(0)661-3804388<Fax.0661-3804389Chairman:Mr.RainerKorte,[email protected]<www.denkmalservice.dePhungTienCooperationProjectissupportedby:CulturalPreservationProgrammeoftheForeignOfficeoftheFederalRepublicofGermanyWerderscherMarkt1<10117BerlinTel:+49(0)30–3018170www.diplo.deandHueMonumentConservationCentre/TrungTâmBảoTồnDiTíchCốĐôHuế(Hmcc)Huế,ViệtNam23TốngDuyTân,Huế,ViệtNamĐiệnthoại:(84.234).3530840/3512751/3523237·Fax:(84.234).3526083Email:[email protected];Website:hueworldheritage.org.vn/huedisan.com.vn
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SUMMARYTheconservationandrestorationprocessoftwoUNESCOworldheritagebuildingsinHuehas ledtothesuccessfuldevelopmentandapplicationofnewtechniquesfortheirsus-tainablepreservation.Notably,theFRESCOtechniqueisoneoftheoldestmethodsusedbymankindtoexecutemuralpaintingsandpaintarchitecturalsurfaces,anditsusewaswidespreadinVietnaminthepast.Astraditionallimeplaster(therequirementforFres-copainting)wasgraduallyreplacedbycementplaster,thetechniquedisappearedandisunknowntoday.Givenitsexcellentpropertiesregardingresistancetoclimate,microbio-logical infestationandpollution,plus itsuniqueabilitytoretainthecolourandpainteddesign of architectural surfaces in outside settings, the use of these techniques in therestorationofheritagebuildingsisextremelyeffectiveanddesirable.TheNewAspectTotheknowledgeoftheauthor,theFRESCOtechniquehasnotpreviouslybeenusedinVietnamoranywhereelse for restorationpurposes, since it iswidelyconsidered tobetechnically infeasible. Instead, “Secco” techniqueswith variousmodernbinding agentsaregenerallyapplied.Theauthenticrestorationofuncolouredandcolouredlimeplasterusingthesametech-niquesandmaterialsastheoriginalisuniqueinVietnam.Instead,cement-basedplastersareused,bothfornewandrestorationwork.
TherestoredgateandBinhPhongofthePhungTientempleintheImperialCityofHueisnowthefirstexamplewheretheadaptionandapplicationoftheFRESCOtechniqueto-getherwithvarious limeplastershasbeensuccessfullyapplied toaheritagebuilding’srestoration.CreativityThemethod’sdevelopmentinvolvedalongprocessofresearch,buildingonthegoodbutimprovable results of previous projects, experimentation, testing and application. Theprocess began 8 years agowith the first restoration of a heritage building at theHueUNESCOsite ‘TuDuc tomb’.Priormonitoring showed that inHue’s climateconditions,traditionalorganicadditivesandanorganicandorganicbindersofpaint accelerate thedeteriorationofplasterandpaintings,sothesematerialsweregraduallyreduced.Finally,arestorationmethodusingvarious limeplasterswithoutorganicadditives,paintingonrestorationplasterswithoutanybinder(=Frescotechnique)andsilica-basedbinderforpaintingreintegrationweredevelopedandsuccessfullyapplied.EffectivenessThemethodologydevelopedhas significant social,economicand technicalbenefits forVietnam.Social,becausetheauthenticpreservationofheritagebuildingsforfuturegen-erationsisnowpossible.Byusingthesametechniquesandmaterialsasthoseusedorig-inally,thesametechnologiesaresavedandtransmitted.Iftheoriginalsubstancedeteri-
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oratesatsomepoint,therestoredpartsexistasevidenceoftheoriginalones,sothehis-toricalinformationoftheheritagebuildingsispreserved.ItofferseconomiceffectivenessasthematerialsneededarewidelyavailableinVietnam,notexpensiveandthusreducestatebudgets,whileprovidingexcellentresultsintermsofheritageconservationandrestoration.Thetechnologicaleffectivenesshasnotbeenfullyprovenasthefirstapplicationofthemethodhas only recently been completed.However,we are convinced that the tech-niquewillprovebothsuccessfulandsustainable.In order to achieve educational effectiveness, local heritage authority staff, craftsmenandartisanshavebeentrainedintheconservationandrestorationofheritagebuildings,particularlyinhowtoapplythenewmethodforfutureprojectsinthisfield.ApplicabilityThemethodisbroadlyapplicableasthemainequipmentandmaterialsareeasilyavaila-bleinVietnam.Justaverysmallquantityofmaterialsneedtobeimportedviaadistribu-torinHongKong.Thisistheresultofaclearfocusto‘localizethematerialsforlateruse’.Amanualwithinstructionsandrecipeshasalsobeenproducedandgiventothepeoplewhohavebeentrainedinthistechnique.TheapplicantsoftheHUSTAAwardarereadytoteachandtrainmorepeopleinVietnamtospreadthenewmethodinordertoachieveoptimalresultsinpreservingthecountry’suniqueandinvaluableculturalheritage.
SouthsideoftheFrontScreenafterconservation-restoration
NorthsideoftheFrontScreenafterconservation-restoration(basinstillunderreconstruction)
TheroofofthePortalafterconservation-restoration
NorthsideofthePortalafterconservation-restoration
