vii
MASTER INDEX
ROAD ACCIDENTS CITATOR
GENERAL
BAILMENT ........................................................................................... 3
CIVIL LAW ACT ................................................................................... 3
COURSE OF EMPLOYMENT ................................................................... 3
CUSTOMARY MARRIAGE ...................................................................... 4
DEFAMATION....................................................................................... 4
DROWNING ......................................................................................... 4
HAWKER .............................................................................................. 4
‘IF’ ...................................................................................................... 4
‘JUST & EQUITABLE’ ............................................................................ 4
‘LEGALLY LIABLE’ ................................................................................ 4
LEGISLATION ...................................................................................... 5
MOTOR INSURER’S BUREAU ................................................................ 5
LEGISLATION ...................................................................................... 6
MARRIED WOMEN ACT 1957 ................................................................ 6
OWNERSHIP ........................................................................................ 6
PERSONAL INJURY .............................................................................. 7
POWER OF ATTORNEY ......................................................................... 7
SARAWAK ............................................................................................ 7
STATUTES – INTERPRETATION OF STATUTES ..................................... 7
TRIAL
ADJOURNMENT - ADJOURNMENT OF TRIAL - APPROACH OF COURTS .... .......................................................................................................... 11
ADMISSION ....................................................................................... 11
ADVERSE INFERENCE ........................................................................ 12
viii
MASTER INDEX
ADVERSE PRESUMPTION(S) .............................................................. 12
AGREED BUNDLE OF DOCUMENTS ...................................................... 13
AGREED EVIDENCE ............................................................................ 15
ALLEGATIONS.................................................................................... 17
APPEAL.............................................................................................. 17
APPELLATE COURT ............................................................................ 29
AUSTRALIAN DECISIONS .................................................................. 31
AWARD(S) ......................................................................................... 31
BULLOCK ORDER ............................................................................... 32
BURDEN OF PROOF ............................................................................ 32
CAPACITY .......................................................................................... 32
CASE MANAGEMENT .......................................................................... 33
CAUSE OF ACTION ............................................................................. 33
CERTIFICATE OF COMPETENCE .......................................................... 33
CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE ............................................................ 34
CIVIL LIABILITY ............................................................................... 34
CO-DEFENDANT ................................................................................. 34
COMMONWEALTH LAW ...................................................................... 34
CONFLICTING TESTIMONY ................................................................ 34
CONSENT ORDER ............................................................................... 34
CONSENT JUDGMENT - THIRD PARTY RIGHTS ................................... 35
CONSULTANTS ................................................................................... 35
CONTRADICTORY STANCE OF PARTIES .............................................. 35
CORONER’S INQUEST ........................................................................ 36
COSTS ............................................................................................... 36
COUNTERCLAIM ................................................................................. 37
COURTS ............................................................................................. 37
CIVIL LITIGATION............................................................................. 42
CROSS EXAMINATION ....................................................................... 42
ix
MASTER INDEX
DAMAGES .......................................................................................... 44
DEATH CERTIFICATE ......................................................................... 46
DEFENCE ........................................................................................... 46
DEFENCES ......................................................................................... 47
DEFENCE STORY ................................................................................ 48
DEFENDANT(S) ................................................................................. 48
DENIALS ............................................................................................ 50
DISPOSAL OF CASE ........................................................................... 50
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE ................................................................. 50
ENEMY ............................................................................................... 51
EVIDENCE .......................................................................................... 51
EVIDENTIAL BURDEN ........................................................................ 58
EYE WITNESS (ES) ............................................................................ 60
EXCHANGE RATE ................................................................................ 61
EXPERT EVIDENCE ............................................................................. 61
EXPERT REPORTS .............................................................................. 62
FACTS ................................................................................................ 62
FIRST INFORMATION REPORT ........................................................... 66
GENERAL DAMAGES ........................................................................... 67
GROUNDS OF JUDGMENT ................................................................... 67
GUILTY PLEA ..................................................................................... 67
HIGH COURT ...................................................................................... 68
HOUSE OF LORDS .............................................................................. 68
INFERENCE(S) ................................................................................... 69
INJURY .............................................................................................. 69
INTEREST .......................................................................................... 70
INTERVENE........................................................................................ 71
INVESTIGATION OFFICER ................................................................. 71
INVESTIGATION PAPERS ................................................................... 72
x
MASTER INDEX
JUDGE(S) .......................................................................................... 72
JUDGMENT ........................................................................................ 76
JUDICIAL NOTICE .............................................................................. 77
LEGAL PROFESSIONAL PRIVILEGE .................................................... 78
MEDICAL REPORT AND OPINION OF EXPERT WITNESS ..................... 79
LEGISLATION .................................................................................... 79
LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION ........................................................ 79
LITIGANTS ........................................................................................ 79
LIABILITY ......................................................................................... 80
LIMITATION ...................................................................................... 82
LIMITATION ORDINANCE (SARAWAK) .............................................. 83
LITIGANT(S) ..................................................................................... 85
MAGISTRATE ..................................................................................... 85
MEDICAL EXAMINATION ................................................................... 85
MEDICAL REPORT(S) ......................................................................... 86
MEDICAL SPECIALIST ........................................................................ 86
MEMORANDUM OF APPEAL ................................................................ 86
MINORS ............................................................................................. 86
NEGLIGENCE ..................................................................................... 87
NO CASE TO ANSWER ........................................................................ 87
NOTES OF EVIDENCE ......................................................................... 90
ORAL EVIDENCE ................................................................................ 91
PERSONAL INJURY TRIAL .................................................................. 91
PAROLE EVIDENCE RULE ................................................................. 92
PARTIES ............................................................................................ 92
PASSENGER ...................................................................................... 93
PLAINTIFF (S) ................................................................................... 93
PLEADINGS ....................................................................................... 94
xi
MASTER INDEX
POLICE REPORT(S) .......................................................................... 102
PRECEDENTS ................................................................................... 106
PRESUMPTIONS............................................................................... 107
PREVIOUS STATEMENTS .................................................................. 108
PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR ................................................................. 109
PRIVILEGED DOCUMENTS ................................................................ 109
PRIVY COUNCIL............................................................................... 109
PROBABLE VERSION OF THE ACCIDENT........................................... 110
QUANTUM ........................................................................................ 110
REPEALED LEGISLATION ................................................................. 112
RESUMPTION OF TRIAL ................................................................... 112
RES IPSA LOQUITOR ....................................................................... 112
‘RIGHT OF ACTION’ ......................................................................... 114
SETTLEMENT.................................................................................... 114
SKETCH PLAN AND KEY ................................................................... 114
SIGNATURE ..................................................................................... 114
SILENT EVIDENCE ........................................................................... 115
STARE DECISIS ............................................................................... 115
STATEMENT OF CLAIM ..................................................................... 117
STAY ............................................................................................... 117
SUBPOENA ...................................................................................... 117
TESTIMONY ..................................................................................... 119
THIRD PARTY .................................................................................. 119
THIRD PARTY PROCEDURE .............................................................. 120
TIME OF ACCIDENT ......................................................................... 121
TORTFEASOR ................................................................................... 121
TRIAL JUDGE ................................................................................... 121
UNPLEADED EVIDENCE .................................................................... 122
xii
MASTER INDEX
WANT OF PROSECUTION ................................................................. 122
WITNESS (ES) ................................................................................. 123
WRIT ............................................................................................... 130
ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES
AGGRAVATED DAMAGES .................................................................. 133
ALLOWANCE .................................................................................... 134
AMENITIES (LOSS OF AMENITIES & PAIN AND SUFFERING) ........... 135
AMPUTATION .................................................................................. 136
ANNUITY TABLES ........................................................................... 138
APPEAL............................................................................................ 139
APPORTIONMENT ............................................................................ 141
ARTIFICIAL LIMB(S) ....................................................................... 142
ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES.............................................................. 144
‘AUTHORITIES (CASE AUTHORITIES) ............................................. 153
AWARDS .......................................................................................... 154
BABY –SITTING ............................................................................... 160
BAG ................................................................................................ 160
BELONGINGS ................................................................................... 160
BENEFITS ........................................................................................ 160
BICYCLE .......................................................................................... 161
BODY FUNCTIONS ........................................................................... 161
BOMOH ............................................................................................ 162
BREADWINNER ................................................................................ 163
CAPITAL ASSET ............................................................................... 163
CASES .............................................................................................. 163
CAUSATION ..................................................................................... 163
CHARITABLE PAYMENTS .................................................................. 164
CHILD .............................................................................................. 164
xiii
MASTER INDEX
CHINESE PHYSICIAN - COSTS OF CHINESE PHYSICIAN ................... 164
CHINESE TRADITIONAL MEDICINE - COST OF CHINESE TRADITIONAL MEDICINE ....................................................................................... 164
CLAIMS............................................................................................ 164
CLIMBING ....................................................................................... 164
CLOTHING ....................................................................................... 165
COMPARABLES ................................................................................ 165
COMPENSATION .............................................................................. 165
CONNECTED INJURIES .................................................................... 166
CONSENT ......................................................................................... 166
CONTINGENCIES ............................................................................. 166
CONTRACT FOR SERVICES ............................................................... 167
CONTRIBUTION ............................................................................... 167
COST OF CARE ................................................................................ 167
CPF (CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND- SINGAPORE) ............................. 168
CRUTCHES ....................................................................................... 168
CURRENCY ....................................................................................... 168
DAMAGE .......................................................................................... 169
DAMAGES ....................................................................................... 169
DEDUCTIONS ................................................................................... 190
DIAPERS.......................................................................................... 190
DISMISSAL OF CLAIM ...................................................................... 190
DISCHARGE FROM HOSPITAL (SEE HOSPITAL) ............................... 190
DIVIDENDS ..................................................................................... 190
DOMESTIC HELP .............................................................................. 191
DOUBLE DISCOUNTING ................................................................... 191
EARNINGS ...................................................................................... 191
ILLEGAL EARNINGS ......................................................................... 195
INCOME TAX .................................................................................... 202
LOSS OF EARNINGS (EARNINGS, LOSS OF EARNINGS) .................... 202
xiv
MASTER INDEX
EARNING CAPACITY ( LOSS OF EARNING CAPACITY) ..................... 218
EMBALMING .................................................................................... 225
EMPLOYER ....................................................................................... 225
EMPLOYMENT .................................................................................. 225
EMPLOYEES’ SOCIAL SECURITY ACT (SOCSO) ................................ 226
‘ENJOYMENT OF LIFE’ ...................................................................... 227
EXEMPLARY DAMAGES .................................................................... 227
EXCHANGE RATE .............................................................................. 231
EXPECTATION OF LIFE (LOSS OF EXPECTATION OF LIFE) .............. 231
EXPENSES ....................................................................................... 233
EX TURPI CAUSA NON ORITUR ACTIO (NO CAUSE OF ACTION ARISES OUT OF A BASE CAUSE).......................................................................... 235
FAIR COMPENSATION...................................................................... 236
FOREIGN CURRENCY ....................................................................... 237
FUTURE EARNINGS (LOSS OF FUTURE EARNINGS) .......................... 237
FUTURE CARE .................................................................................. 243
FUTURE EARNINGS (LOSS OF FUTURE EARNINGS) ......................... 244
FUTURE SURGERY ............................................................................ 256
GENERAL DAMAGES ........................................................................ 261
GENERAL HOSPITAL ........................................................................ 261
‘GOOD GRACIOUS TEST’ .................................................................. 262
GLOBAL AWARDS ............................................................................ 262
GOLD ITEMS .................................................................................... 263
GRATIS ............................................................................................ 263
GRATUITY ...................................................................................... 263
GRATUITOUS SERVICES .................................................................. 264
HELP................................................................................................ 264
HOSPITAL ........................................................................................ 264
HOSPITAL BILLS.............................................................................. 265
xv
MASTER INDEX
HOUSEKEEPER ................................................................................. 268
HOUSEWIFE .................................................................................... 268
INCAPACITY .................................................................................... 269
INCOME ........................................................................................... 269
INCOME TAX .................................................................................... 270
INFANT ........................................................................................... 272
INFLATION ..................................................................................... 273
INHERITANCE.................................................................................. 273
INJURIES ........................................................................................ 273
INSTITUTIONAL CARE ..................................................................... 274
INSURANCE ..................................................................................... 275
‘INSURED PERSON’ .......................................................................... 279
INSURERS ....................................................................................... 280
INTELLECT ....................................................................................... 281
INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT .......................................................... 281
INTEREST ........................................................................................ 281
JOB .................................................................................................. 285
JUDGE ............................................................................................. 285
LIVING EXPENSES .......................................................................... 287
LOSS ............................................................................................... 292
LOSS OF AMENITIES & PAIN & SUFFERING .................................... 293
LOSS ADJUSTOR .............................................................................. 293
LOST YEARS .................................................................................... 294
LUMP SUM ASSESSMENT ................................................................. 294
MAID ............................................................................................... 294
MARRIAGE ....................................................................................... 294
MEDICAL ADVICE ............................................................................ 298
MEDICAL DISABILITIES ................................................................. 298
MEDICAL EXPENSES ........................................................................ 298
xvi
MASTER INDEX
MEDICAL REPORTS ......................................................................... 301
MERGER OF AWARDS ....................................................................... 301
MITIGATION OF DAMAGES ............................................................. 301
MONEY ............................................................................................ 302
MONUMENT ..................................................................................... 303
MOTHER ......................................................................................... 303
MOTOR INSURERS’ BUREAU OF MALAYSIA ...................................... 304
MULTIPLIER .................................................................................... 305
NERVOUS SHOCK ............................................................................. 310
NOURISHMENT ................................................................................ 311
NOURISHING FOOD ......................................................................... 311
NURSING CARE ................................................................................ 311
OPERATIONS (SURGICAL) ............................................................... 320
OVERLAPPING ................................................................................. 320
PAIN & SUFFERING ........................................................................ 324
PARAPLEGIA ................................................................................... 328
PARAPLEGIC .................................................................................... 328
PECUNIARY LOSS ............................................................................ 329
PENSION ......................................................................................... 329
PERCUNIARY LOSS .......................................................................... 330
PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS ............................................................. 331
PERSONAL SENTIMENTS ................................................................. 331
PERSONALITY IMPAIRMENT ........................................................... 331
PHYSICAL DISABILITY .................................................................... 332
PLEADINGS ..................................................................................... 332
PLAINTIFF ....................................................................................... 332
PLASTER CAST ................................................................................. 333
PLASTIC SURGERY ........................................................................... 333
PRAYERS ......................................................................................... 333
xvii
MASTER INDEX
PRIVATE HOSPITAL ........................................................................ 333
PROFITS & COMMISSION ................................................................ 347
PROMOTION – PROSPECTS OF PROMOTION ................................... 347
PROPERTY DAMAGE ........................................................................ 348
PROPERTY LOSSES .......................................................................... 348
PROSPECTS OF MARRIAGE .............................................................. 348
PROSTHESIS (ARTIFICIAL LIMBS) ................................................. 349
PROVIDENT FUND ........................................................................... 351
PSYCHOLOGICAL INJURY ................................................................ 352
QUANTUM OF DAMAGES .................................................................. 352
‘REASONABLE EXPENSES INCURRED’ .............................................. 353
RECEIPTS ........................................................................................ 353
RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES ............................................................ 354
REHABILITATION ............................................................................ 354
REGISTRAR ..................................................................................... 354
REMUNERATION ............................................................................. 354
REPATRIATION COSTS ................................................................... 354
RETIREMENT .................................................................................. 354
RETIRING AGE ................................................................................ 355
RINGGIT .......................................................................................... 355
RUBBER TAPPER .............................................................................. 355
SALARY ........................................................................................... 356
SALARY & COMMISSION .................................................................. 356
SCALING DOWN DAMAGES (SEE UNDER DAMAGES) ....................... 356
SEARCH .......................................................................................... 356
SELF EMPLOYED .............................................................................. 356
SERVICES ........................................................................................ 357
SET-OFF........................................................................................... 357
SETTLEMENT.................................................................................... 357
xviii
MASTER INDEX
SHOCK ............................................................................................. 357
‘SIMILAR’ ....................................................................................... 358
SLIDING CHAIR ............................................................................... 358
SOCIAL STANDING ......................................................................... 358
SOCSO ............................................................................................. 358
SOLICITORS .................................................................................... 359
SPECIAL DAMAGES ......................................................................... 359
SPECIAL SHOES .............................................................................. 365
SPECIALIST TREATMENT ................................................................. 365
SPORTS ........................................................................................... 365
STATUTORY INTERPRETATION ....................................................... 365
SURGERY ......................................................................................... 365
TABUNG ANGKATAN TENTERA ........................................................ 366
TAX DEDUCTIONS ............................................................................ 366
TAXI ................................................................................................ 366
THEFT .............................................................................................. 366
THERAPY ......................................................................................... 366
THIN SKULL RULE ........................................................................... 366
THIRD PARTY RISKS ....................................................................... 367
TOILET ............................................................................................ 367
TOILETRIES ..................................................................................... 368
TORT ............................................................................................... 368
TORTFEASOR (S) ............................................................................. 368
TOTAL INCAPACITY ......................................................................... 368
TOTAL LOSS..................................................................................... 371
TRADITIONAL CURE ........................................................................ 371
TRADITIONAL MEDICINE................................................................. 371
TRANSPORT EXPENSES .................................................................... 371
TRAVEL EXPENSES........................................................................... 371
xix
MASTER INDEX
URINARY CONDOM .......................................................................... 372
VEHICLE(S) ..................................................................................... 372
VICISSITUDES OF LIFE .................................................................... 372
WHEELCHAIR ................................................................................. 373
WIFE ............................................................................................... 373
WORK PERMIT ................................................................................. 376
WORKING YEARS............................................................................. 376
WORKMEN’S COMPENSATION .......................................................... 376
‘YEARS OF PURCHASE’ .................................................................... 376
DEATH
APPELLATE COURTS - QUANTUM OF DAMAGES ............................... 379
ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES.............................................................. 379
ASSETS ............................................................................................ 380
AUTOPSY REPORT ........................................................................... 382
BACHELOR ....................................................................................... 383
BEREAVEMENT ................................................................................ 383
BURIAL EXPENSES ........................................................................... 383
CAUSE OF DEATH ............................................................................. 384
CAUSATION .................................................................................... 384
CHILD .............................................................................................. 385
CHILDREN ....................................................................................... 386
CHINESE FUNERALS ........................................................................ 389
CONSORTIUM .................................................................................. 389
CONTINGENCIES ............................................................................. 391
CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE ......................................................... 392
DEATH CERTIFICATE ...................................................................... 395
DECEASED ....................................................................................... 396
DEPENDENCY - LOSS OF DEPENDENCY ........................................... 407
xx
MASTER INDEX
DEPENDANCY ACTION – STATEMENT OF CLAIM ............................... 410
DEPENDENCY CLAIM........................................................................ 411
DIABETIC ........................................................................................ 415
EARNINGS ....................................................................................... 415
EDUCATION EXPENSES - EXTRA EDUCATION EXPENSES – CLAIM FOR EXPENSES INCURRED IN REPLACING FREE TUITION AND QURAN CLASSES ......................................................................................... 416
ESTATE CLAIM (SECTION 8 OF THE CIVIL LAW ACT 1956) .............. 416
EXECUTOR ....................................................................................... 419
FATAL ACCIDENT(S) ........................................................................ 420
FUTURE EARNINGS - LOSS OF FUTURE EARNINGS FOR LOST YEARS ..... ........................................................................................................ 422
FUNERAL EXPENSES ....................................................................... 422
GRANDPARENTS .............................................................................. 424
GRANT OF PROBATE ........................................................................ 425
GRATUITY ...................................................................................... 425
GRAVE ............................................................................................. 425
HOUSING ALLOWANCE .................................................................... 426
HOUSEKEEPER ................................................................................. 426
INFANT(S)....................................................................................... 426
INTEREST ........................................................................................ 427
INTESTATE ...................................................................................... 427
LAUNDRY CHARGES ........................................................................ 427
LETTERS OF ADMINISTRATION ....................................................... 427
LIABILITY ..................................................................................... 428
LIVING EXPENSES ........................................................................... 429
LOSS OF EXPECTATION OF LIFE ...................................................... 429
LOSS OF SUPPORT .......................................................................... 429
MEDICAL EXPENSES ........................................................................ 434
MOTHER .......................................................................................... 434
xxi
MASTER INDEX
MOURNING ...................................................................................... 434
MULTIPLIER .................................................................................... 434
MUSLIM FUNERAL ........................................................................... 437
PAIN & SUFFERING ........................................................................ 437
PARENTS ......................................................................................... 441
PENSIONS ...................................................................................... 442
‘PERSON’ ......................................................................................... 443
PLAINTIFF ....................................................................................... 443
POST MORTEM REPORT ................................................................... 444
POST TRIAL DAMAGES .................................................................... 444
PROBATE & ADMINISTRATION ACT ................................................ 444
PROPERTY DAMAGE ......................................................................... 444
PROSPECTS OF MARRIAGE .............................................................. 445
‘RECEIVING EARNINGS’ .................................................................. 445
REMARRIAGE .................................................................................. 445
REMOTENESS OF DAMAGE ............................................................... 445
REPAIRS ......................................................................................... 446
RIGHTS ........................................................................................... 446
SERVICES ....................................................................................... 446
SARAWAK ....................................................................................... 447
SON ................................................................................................. 448
SPECIAL DAMAGES .......................................................................... 448
STATE GOVERNMENT ....................................................................... 448
TRANSPORT EXPENSES ................................................................... 451
UNEMPLOYED ................................................................................. 451
WIDOW ........................................................................................... 452
WIDOWER ....................................................................................... 453
WIDOWER’S CLAIM ......................................................................... 453
xxii
MASTER INDEX
WIFE .............................................................................................. 453
LIABILITY
ACCIDENT ....................................................................................... 457
ADMISSION ..................................................................................... 458
ADVERSE INFERENCE ...................................................................... 458
AGONY OF THE MOMENT .................................................................. 459
ALCOHOL ......................................................................................... 460
ANOTHER VEHICLE .......................................................................... 461
APPARENT DANGER ......................................................................... 461
APPEAL............................................................................................ 461
APPORTIONMENT ........................................................................... 463
ARM (PROTRUDING FROM VEHICLE) .............................................. 465
AWARD OF DAMAGES ...................................................................... 466
BLOOD SPECIMEN ........................................................................... 466
BLOOD STAIN ................................................................................. 466
BRAKES ........................................................................................... 467
BRAKE MARKS ................................................................................ 467
BRAKE SYSTEM FAILURE ................................................................. 467
BRAKING DISTANCE ........................................................................ 468
BRIDGE ........................................................................................... 468
BROKEN GLASS................................................................................ 468
BUS ................................................................................................ 469
BUS CONDUCTOR ............................................................................ 469
BUS DRIVER .................................................................................... 471
BUS STOP ........................................................................................ 471
BY REASON OF OR IN PURSUANCE OF A CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT’ .. ........................................................................................................ 471
CAR ................................................................................................ 472
CARELESSNESS ................................................................................ 472
xxiii
MASTER INDEX
CARRIERS........................................................................................ 473
CAUSATION ..................................................................................... 473
CAUSE OF ACTION ........................................................................... 474
CENTRE OF ROAD ........................................................................... 474
COLLISION ...................................................................................... 474
CONCESSION ................................................................................... 477
CONFLICTING VERSIONS OF ACCIDENT ......................................... 477
CONTINOUS DOUBLE WHITE LINES ................................................ 478
CONTRACT OF EMPLOYMENT ........................................................... 479
CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE ......................................................... 479
CONTROL – EXERCISING PROPER CONTROL OVER VEHICLE ............ 494
CORNER ........................................................................................... 494
CRASH HELMET ............................................................................... 494
CROSSING ROAD ............................................................................. 495
CROSSROAD COLLISONS ................................................................ 495
CUTTING ACROSS TRAFFIC ............................................................. 495
CYCLIST ......................................................................................... 496
DANGER ......................................................................................... 496
DANGEROUS DRIVING ................................................................... 497
DEATH ............................................................................................ 497
DECEASED ....................................................................................... 498
DEFENCE OF INEVITABLE ACCIDENT .............................................. 499
DEFENCES ....................................................................................... 501
DISTRACTION ................................................................................. 503
DIVIDER .......................................................................................... 503
DOG ................................................................................................. 504
DRIVER(S) ...................................................................................... 504
DRIZZLE .......................................................................................... 511
DRUNK DRIVER ............................................................................... 512
xxiv
MASTER INDEX
DUTY ............................................................................................... 512
DUTY OF CARE ................................................................................. 512
EMERGENCY SITUATION ................................................................. 512
EMPLOYER ....................................................................................... 513
ENCROACHMENT .............................................................................. 513
EVASIVE ACTION ........................................................................... 516
EYE WITNESS ................................................................................. 517
EXCITEMENT ................................................................................... 517
EXTRANEOUS FACTORS .................................................................. 517
FOLLOWING DISTANCE .................................................................. 517
FORESEEABILITY ............................................................................. 519
GIVING WAY TO TRAFFIC ............................................................... 519
GLANCING BLOW ............................................................................. 519
GLASS, BROKEN PIECES OF GLASS .................................................. 519
GOVERNMENT .................................................................................. 520
GOVERNMENT VEHICLE ................................................................... 521
GUILTY PLEA .................................................................................. 523
HALT LINE ....................................................................................... 523
HEADLIGHTS ................................................................................... 523
HEAD ON COLLISION ....................................................................... 524
HIGHWAY ........................................................................................ 524
HIGHWAY AUTHORITY .................................................................... 525
HIGHWAY CODE .............................................................................. 526
HORN .............................................................................................. 528
HOSPITAL ........................................................................................ 529
HUSBAND & WIFE............................................................................ 529
INADVERTENCE ............................................................................... 529
INCONSIDERATE DRIVING .............................................................. 529
INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR .......................................................... 530
xxv
MASTER INDEX
INEVITABLE ACCIDENT ................................................................... 530
INFANT(S)....................................................................................... 531
INFERENCES ................................................................................... 532
INHERENT IMPROBABILITY ............................................................ 532
INEVITABLE ACCIDENT .................................................................. 533
INNOCENT PASSENGER .................................................................. 533
INSURANCE .................................................................................... 534
INSURERS ....................................................................................... 537
INTOXICATION ................................................................................ 537
INVESTIGATING OFFICER ............................................................... 537
JOINT TORFEASORS ........................................................................ 538
JUNCTION ...................................................................................... 539
LATENT DEFECT ............................................................................... 539
LAW ................................................................................................ 541
LEARNER DRIVER ............................................................................ 542
LIABILITY ....................................................................................... 542
LOOK OUT ....................................................................................... 548
LORRY5 ........................................................................................... 548
LORRY DRIVER ................................................................................ 548
MANHOLES ...................................................................................... 549
MAINTENANCE ................................................................................ 549
MANAGEMENT OF VEHICLE .............................................................. 549
MEDICAL CARE ............................................................................... 549
MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE .................................................................... 549
MEDICAL RECORDS.......................................................................... 554
MILITARY TRUCK............................................................................. 554
MINOR ROAD ................................................................................... 554
MOTORCAR ...................................................................................... 557
MOTORCYCLE .................................................................................. 557
xxvi
MASTER INDEX
MOTORCYCLIST ............................................................................... 557
MOTORIST ....................................................................................... 558
MOTOR INSURER’S BUREAU ........................................................... 560
MOTOR SCOOTER ............................................................................. 560
MOTOR VEHICLE .............................................................................. 560
NATIONAL SPEED LIMIT .................................................................. 560
NEGLIGENCE ................................................................................... 561
NEGLIGENT DRIVING ...................................................................... 573
NERVOUS SHOCK ............................................................................. 573
NOTES OF EVIDENCE ....................................................................... 574
NUISANCE ....................................................................................... 574
NEUTRAL EVENT ............................................................................. 577
OBSTRUCTION ................................................................................ 579
OVERTAKING ................................................................................... 580
PARTY ............................................................................................. 580
PASSENGER ..................................................................................... 580
PASSENGER LIABILITY ................................................................... 582
PEDESTRIANS (S)........................................................................... 584
PERSONAL INJURY .......................................................................... 585
PHOTOGRAPHS ................................................................................ 585
PILLION RIDER .............................................................................. 586
PLAINTIFF ...................................................................................... 586
PLASTER CAST ............................................................................... 587
POINT OF IMPACT .......................................................................... 588
POLICE ............................................................................................ 588
POLICE REPORT(S) .......................................................................... 589
POLICE ROAD BLOCK ...................................................................... 590
POLICE VEHICLE .............................................................................. 590
POLICE WITNESS ............................................................................ 591
xxvii
MASTER INDEX
POSITION OF VEHICLES ................................................................. 591
PRECEDENTS .................................................................................. 592
PROPER LOOK OUT ......................................................................... 592
PROVISIONAL DRIVING LICENCE .................................................... 592
‘PUBLIC ROAD’ ................................................................................ 592
PUBLIC DUTY .................................................................................. 593
‘PUBLIC SERVANT’ ........................................................................... 593
PUBLIC THOROUGHFARE ................................................................. 593
PUBLIC VEHICLES ........................................................................... 593
QUESTION OF LAW .......................................................................... 593
RAINING ......................................................................................... 593
RAINY DAY ..................................................................................... 593
REAR-END COLLISIONS ................................................................... 594
REASONABLE CARE .......................................................................... 595
REASONABLE AND PROBABLE CAUSE .............................................. 595
RECKLESS DRIVING ......................................................................... 595
REFLECTORISED SAFETY TRIANGLE (SEE WARNING SIGNS) ........... 595
REPORTED CASES ........................................................................... 595
RES IPSA LOQUITUR ....................................................................... 596
RES IPSA LOQUITUR ....................................................................... 503
REVERSING INTO CAR ..................................................................... 599
RIGHT OF WAY ................................................................................ 599
ROAD ............................................................................................... 600
ROAD SENSE AND SKILL ................................................................. 602
ROAD USERS ................................................................................... 602
ROBOT LIGHTS ................................................................................ 602
ROADWORKS ................................................................................... 602
RURAL AREA .................................................................................... 603
SCENE OF ACCIDENT ....................................................................... 603
xxviii
MASTER INDEX
SEAT BELT ....................................................................................... 603
SERVANT(S) .................................................................................... 605
SIGNALS ......................................................................................... 605
DRIVER’S SIGNALS ......................................................................... 605
SKETCH PLAN .................................................................................. 605
SKID ............................................................................................... 607
SPEED ............................................................................................. 607
SPEED LIMIT ................................................................................... 608
SPEED TABLES ................................................................................. 608
SPEEDING ....................................................................................... 608
SPOUSE ........................................................................................... 609
STATIONARY VEHICLE ..................................................................... 610
STATUTE(S) ..................................................................................... 611
STATUTORY DUTY ............................................................................ 612
STEERING ........................................................................................ 613
STRAIGHT STRETCH OF ROAD ......................................................... 614
SUDDEN DANGER ............................................................................ 614
STOP, LOOK GO SIGN ...................................................................... 614
STOPPING ABRUPTLY ..................................................................... 615
THIRD PARTY INSURANCE ............................................................... 615
TIREDNESS ...................................................................................... 615
TORTIOUS LIABILITY ...................................................................... 615
TRAFFIC .......................................................................................... 615
TRAFFIC LIGHTS ............................................................................. 616
TRAFFIC REGULATIONS ................................................................... 616
TRAFFIC SIGNS ............................................................................... 618
TRAILER .......................................................................................... 618
TURNING ........................................................................................ 618
TYRE(S) ........................................................................................... 619
xxix
MASTER INDEX
TYRE MARK(S) ................................................................................. 620
U-TURN ........................................................................................... 620
VEHICLE .......................................................................................... 621
VICARIOUS LIABILITY .................................................................... 622
VISIBILITY ..................................................................................... 632
VOLENTI NON FIT INJURIA (THE PLAINTIFF HAS CONSENTED OR VOLUNTARILY ASSUMED RISK OF INJURY) .................................... 632
WARNING ........................................................................................ 633
WARNING SIGNS ............................................................................. 634
WHEELS .......................................................................................... 634
WIDE AND DANGEROUS VEHICLE .................................................... 635
WITNESS ......................................................................................... 635
ZEBRA CROSSING ............................................................................ 636
TRAFFIC OFENCES
ACCIDENT ....................................................................................... 639
AGENTS PROVOCATUERS ................................................................ 639
ARREST .......................................................................................... 640
CARELESS AND INCONSIDERATE DRIVING ...................................... 640
CAUSING DEATH BY RECKLESS OR DANGEROUS DRIVING ............... 640
CHARGE (TRAFFIC OFFENCES)......................................................... 640
CLASSIFICATION, REGISTRATION AND LICENSING OF MOTOR VEHICLES AND DRIVERS .................................................................................. 641
CRIME ............................................................................................. 642
CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE ................................................................. 642
DAMAGES ....................................................................................... 642
DANGEROUS DRIVING ..................................................................... 643
DEATH ............................................................................................. 644
DETERRENT SENTENCE .................................................................... 645
DISQUALIFICATION ....................................................................... 645
‘DISQUALIFIED’ ............................................................................. 646
xxx
MASTER INDEX
DRIVING LICENCE .......................................................................... 646
DRIVING OFFENCES ........................................................................ 647
DRUNK DRIVING ............................................................................ 648
FALSE IMPRISONMENT ................................................................... 648
GUILTY PLEA - TRAFFIC CASES ........................................................ 648
‘IN CHARGE OF A MOTOR VEHICLE’ ................................................. 649
INCONSIDERATE DRIVING .............................................................. 649
INSURANCE ..................................................................................... 649
INSURANCE POLICY ........................................................................ 650
INSURANCE COVERAGE ................................................................... 650
INTOXICATING LIQUOR OR DRUGS ................................................. 651
LEARNER DRIVER ........................................................................... 651
MALICIOUS PROSECUTION ............................................................. 651
RECKLESS & DANGEROUS DRIVING ................................................. 651
REGISTRATION CARD ...................................................................... 652
ROAD TRAFFIC ACT 1987................................................................. 652
ROAD TRAFFIC RULES ..................................................................... 653
‘SHALL BE LIABLE’ .......................................................................... 653
SUMMONS CASES ............................................................................ 653
TRACTOR ......................................................................................... 654
TRAFFIC OFFENCES ......................................................................... 654
TRAFFIC REGULATIONS ................................................................... 654
‘USING’ OR ‘DRIVING’ ..................................................................... 655