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SCADA
AMULPREET SINGH
DAMANPREET SINGH
PRESENTED BY:
GENERATION
TRANSMISSION
DISTRIBUTION
POWER SYSTEM
GRID
FSS FSS
NFSS NFSS NFSS NFSS
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
FSS – First Switching StationNFSS – Non First Switching Station
PROBLEMS IN CONVENTIONAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Excessive manpower is requiredTheft is difficult to detectFault location difficultSlow responseDifficult troubleshooting
What is Automation ?
Automation is basically the delegation of human control function to technical equipment for:
Increasing ProductivityIncreasing QualityReducing CostIncreasing Safety in working conditions
INTRODUCTION
SCADA stands for Supervision Control and Data Acquisition
SCADA is not a specific technology, but a type of application.
Any application that gets data about a system in order to control that system is a SCADA application.
How SCADA Systems Work
A SCADA system performs four functions:Data acquisitionNetworked data communicationData presentationControl & Monitoring
SCADA components
Sensors & control relaysRemote Terminal Units (RTUs)SCADA master units.Communications network
SENSORS & CONTROL RELAYS
There are two types of sensorsAnalogDigitalSensors and control relays directly
interface with the managed system.
Remote Terminal Units (RTUs).
These are small computerized units deployed in the field at specific sites and locations.
RTUs serve as local collection points for gathering reports from sensors and delivering commands to control relays.
RTU560A
Features of RTU 560A
Support of standard communication protocols.
Sophisticated RTU solution for huge and medium applications.
Suitable for high availability and redundancy requirements
560SLI02 Module
4 serial communication interfaces
32 MB Flash Memory8 MB RAMWeb ServerPC104 module with
CPU 486/66MHzPLC capable
560ETH03 Module, LAN Interface
Communication in a Local Area Network via Ethernet interface
2 serial communication interfaces
32 MB Flash Memory8MB RAMPC104 module with
CPU 486/66MHz
I/O modules RTU560
Binary Input Board 23BE21 / 23BE22 Time resolution of 1 msec.16 single indications with time stamp8 double indications with time stamp
Binary Output Board 23BA20
I/O modules RTU560 cont.
16 relay outputs
Resistive loads up to 60 W can be switched with output voltages between 24 and 60 VDC
Duration of output pulse vary from 100 msec to 25.5 sec
I/O modules RTU560 cont.
Eight analog inputs The eight inputs
are scanned and processed in a cycle of 580 msec
LED on the front panel to indicate common error conditions
Analog Input Board 23AE21
SCADA master units
These are larger computer consoles that serve as the central processor for the SCADA system.
Master units provide a human interface to the system and automatically regulate the managed system in response to sensor inputs.
SCADA SLD
Communications Network
It connects the SCADA master unit to the RTUs in the field.
Early SCADA networks communicated over radio, modem or dedicated serial lines.
These days data is put over Ethernet and IP over SONET
Communications Network cont.
SCADA data is encoded in protocol format. Older SCADA systems depended on closed proprietary protocols, but today the trend is to use open, standard protocols.
Communications Network cont.
Sensors and control relays can’t generate or interpret protocol communication on their own. Therefore the RTU is needed to provide an interface between the sensors and the SCADA network.
The RTU encodes sensor inputs into protocol format and forwards them to the SCADA master; in turn, the RTU receives control commands in protocol format from the master and transmits electrical signals to the appropriate control relays.
TYPES OF INPUTS & OUTPUTS
Analog InputsAnalog OutputsDigital InputsDigital Outputs
CT/PT
MFM
SLI Card
ETHERNET
MCC
ANALOG SIGNALS
Analog Measurements
Digital data (MODBUS)
Data in 104 protocol
Analog I/P
Transducer
23 AE 21
SLI Card
Ethernet
MCC
Numerical RELAY
Numerical RELAY
Numerical RELAY
Rx Tx Rx Tx Rx Tx
RELAY SIGNALS
CB 23 BE 21 SLI Card Ethernet MCC
23 BA 20CMR
CIRCUIT BREAKER SIGNALS
METHODS TO TRANSMIT DATA
1. ABB relay2. Landis-Gyr Meter3. Enercon Meter4. MFM
Thank You