Download - Science Final Exam Study Guide
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Science Final Exam Study Guide
End of Year 2012
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• Student name _____________________• Date ________________• Period _________
• I have either assisted my child in studying for this test or have observed him/her studying.
• Parent signature: _____________________• Bonus of 10 Points for parent signature.
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#1
• When earthworms add their waste to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of humus.
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#2
• Soil that is rich in humus has high fertility.
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#3
• A hot and wet climate causes weathering to take place rapidly.
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#4
• Ice wedging causes mechanical weathering of rock by means of freezing and thawing of water.
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#5
• Any form of water that falls from clouds is called precipitation.
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#6
• Large clouds that often produce thunderstorms are called cumulonimbus clouds.
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#7
• A volcano that may erupt sometime in the distant future is called dormant.
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#8
• Before lava reaches the surface, the molten material is called magma.
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#9
• In a heliocentric system, Earth revolves around the sun.
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#10
• The layer of the sun you see looking at when you look at an image of the sun is the photosphere.
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#11
• When a tsunami hits the shore, it can be very destructive because of its large wave height.
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#12
• A nearly flat region of the ocean floor, covered with thick layers of sediment, is called an abyssal plain.
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#13
• A technique that uses sound waves to measure the depth of the ocean floor is sonar.
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#14
• Earth’s atmosphere is important to living things because it provides all the gases that living things need to survive.
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#15
• The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surround Earth.
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#16
• The lifetime of a star depends on its mass.
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#17
• A light year is the distance light travels in a year.
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#18
• Pangaea is the name of the supercontinent that existed millions of years ago.
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#19
• The transfer of energy through empty space is called radiation.
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#20
• The correct order of Earth’s layers, starting from the surface is: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.
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#21
• The softest mineral on the Mohs hardness scale is talc….the hardest is a diamond.
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#22
• If you broke a mineral into tiny pieces, it would still show the same crystal structure.
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#23
• Although brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in Earth’s crust, they are not classified as minerals because they are not naturally occurring.
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#24
• A mineral is inorganic, which means that it contains no materials that were once part of living things.
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#25
• Astronomy is the branch of Earth Science that includes the study of stars.
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#26
• The ability to do work or cause change is called energy.
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#27
• The total amount of water on Earth is fairly constant.
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#28
• Approximately 3% of Earth’s water is fresh water.
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#29
• The energy that produces ocean waves comes from wind blowing across the water’s surface.
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#30
• The process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another is called erosion.
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#31
• Fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable resources because they take hundreds of millions of years to form.
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#32
• The three main fossil fuels are coal, oil, and natural gas.
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#33
• If the Coast Guard warns of a giant wave of water approaching the shore as the result of a major earthquake, they are warning of a tsunami.
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#34
• A seismograph records the ground movements caused by seismic waves.
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#35
• Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it moves around the sun.
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#36
• Day and night are caused by Earth’s rotation on its axis.
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#37
• The season’s are caused by the tilt of Earth’s axis as Earth revolves around the sun.
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#38
• The average year-after-year conditions of temperature, precipitation, winds, and clouds in an area are known as climate.
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#39
• Fossils are formed when living things die and their remains are buried by sediment.
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#40
• A fossil is the preserved remains or traces of an organism.