Download - Segregation & Discrimination
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Segregation & Discrimination
Changes in American Life1880-1914
Chapter 21 Section 3
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Essential Questions:
• Why do people discriminate against each other?
• Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws?
• What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States?
• How did Civil Right Activists differ in their approaches for Civil Rights?
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Racial Discrimination
• Different Treatment of People on the Basis of Race
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4 Cultures Facing Discrimination in the U.S.
(1865-1914)
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United States Reconstruction:
(1865-1877)• The Civil War Ended
(1865)
• North Occupied the South (U.S. Army)
• Passed the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments
• Helped African Americans Gain More Equality & Freedoms
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13th, 14th, & 15th United States Amendments
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Southern Whites Take Away African American Political Power (Voting
Rights)• Literacy Tests
– Exams Given in Latin to Prevent African Americans from Voting
– Most African Americans in the South Were NOT Educated
• Poll Taxes– Pay a Tax in Order to
Vote– Most African
Americans Could Not Afford the Tax
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3 Methods Continued…• The Literacy Test &
the Poll Tax Prevented Poor Uneducated Whites From Voting
• Southern States Passed the Grandfather Clause:– Totally MESSED UP!– Stated if You Had an
Ancestor that Could Vote BEFORE 1867, Then You Could Vote
– Why do African Americans NOT Have Ancestors that Voted Before 1867?
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Why Are White Southerners Afraid of African Americans
Voting?• African Americans
Would Vote for Other African Americans or Whites That Supported Equal Rights
• Pass Laws to Promote Equality
• Southern Whites Would Lose Political Power!
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Jim Crow Laws
• Laws Passed by Southern States to Enforce Segregation
• Segregation– Separation of
Whites & Blacks in Public Places (Parks, Schools, Libraries, Movies, Bathrooms, etc…)
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Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
• #4 of the 7 Supreme Court Cases YOU MUST KNOW!
• Homer Plessy Sued a Railroad Company for Segregated Seating on Railroad Cars
• Claimed it Violated 14th Amendment (Everyone is Equal)
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Supreme Court’s Rulingon
Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
• U.S. Supreme Court Ruled AgainstAgainst Plessy
• “Separate BUT Equal”
• HUGE Mistake by the Supreme Court!
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Impact of Plessy vs. Ferguson
• Segregation Was LEGAL!
• All Public Places Could Be Separated by Race
• Segregation & Discrimination INCREASED!
• What a MISTAKE!
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Separate But Equal?
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Segregated Schools
• Schools Were NOT Equal!
• Whites Controlled Government Positions
• Put $$$ into White Schools & Facilities, Not African American Ones
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Booker T. Washington• Former Slave
• Founded the Tuskegee Institute (Teacher)
• Wanted African Americans to Gain Equality Through Trades/Learning Skills/Getting Jobs & $$
• Did NOT Challenge/Fight Against Segregation:– Figured Whites Would
Support the Tuskegee Institute if He Did NOT Fight Segregation
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W.E.B. Du Bois
• Harvard Educated
• Totally REJECTEDREJECTED Segregation!
• Founded the NAACP in 1909
• NAACP Fought to End Segregation ASAP!
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“The Talented 10th”
• Du Bois Believed Educated African Americans Would End Segregation
• Top 10% of Educated African Americans Would Lead the Way
• Why do You Think He Believed This?
• Was He Right?
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NAACP• The National
Association for the Advancement of Colored People
• Founded in 1909 by W.E.B. Du Bois
• Fought Against Segregation in the 20th Century
• Fights for Equal Rights!
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KKK• Used Violence to
Keep African Americans from Voting
• Used Violence to Keep Segregation
• Scared/Intimidated Anyone Who Wanted to End Segregation
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Ida B. Wells• African American
Journalist (Memphis Tennessee)
• Exposed Problems of Lynching – Lost 3 Friends
• Had to Leave Because of KKK
• Read Her Story (Page 624)
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Lynching
• Extremely Powerful Images!
• Makes Me Too Nauseous to Show You!
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Discrimination in Northern States
• Many African Americans Moved to Northern States (No Jim Crow Laws)
• However, African Americans Could NOTNOT Get Housing in White Neighborhoods
• Denied Jobs
• Still Faced Violence
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Racism Towards Asians
• Chinese Exclusion Act
• Chinese Workers Got Lower Pay $$$ Than Whites
• Faced Violent Attacks
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Racism Towards Mexicans
• Mexicans Were Forced into Peonage
• Forced to Work Until You Work off Your Debts:– (Washing Dishes at
Restaurant)
• Very Similar to Slavery
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Nature vs. Nurture(Racism)
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Tolerance
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We Could Learn A lot From Crayons…..
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Essential Questions:
• Why do people discriminate against each other?
• Why did Southern “Whites” create Jim Crow Laws?
• What impact did Plessy vs. Ferguson have on the United States?
• How did Civil Right Activists differ in their approaches for Civil Rights?