Download - Seismic Networks Operated by Central Weather Bureau in Taiwan Ta-Yi Chen Central Weather Bureau
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Seismic Networks Operated
by Central Weather Bureau in Taiwan
Ta-Yi Chen
Central Weather Bureau
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Outline
•Seismicity in Taiwan
•CWB Seismic Networks
•Integrated Seismic Network
•System Architecture
•Data Format
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Seismicity in Taiwan
Magnitude Range Average (Numbers/Year)
7 M≦ L 0.1
6 M≦ L < 7 2.6
5 M≦ L < 6 22
4 M≦ L < 5 197
0 M≦ L 19,175
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Current Seismic Networks ( since 1991)
• Strong-Motion Seismic Network (110)
Dynamic Range : 16bitSampling Rate : 50spsType of Seismometer: Smart24aType of telemetry : Telephone LineTime mark is given in Central Station.
• Short-Period Seismic Network (71)
Dynamic Range : 12bitSampling Rate : 100spsType of Seismometer: S13Type of telemetry : Telephone LineTime mark is given in Central Station.
S13 in Bore-Hole
S13 on Surface Smart24a on Surface
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Updated Seismic Network
68 station done
• Integrate short-period and strong-motion data streams into 1 recorder (Smart24a).
• Dynamic Range : 24bit
• Sampling Rate : 100sps
• Type of Telemetry : Frame Relay, ADSL
Time mark is given on site by GPS.
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Broad-Band Seismic Network
• Broad-Band Seismic Network (33)Dynamic Range : 24bitSampling Rate : 100spsType of Seismometer: CMG-3ESP, CMG-40TDType of Digitizer: DM24Type of telemetry : Frame RelayTime mark is given on site by GPS.
CMG-3ESPDM24
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Bore-Hole Seismic Network
Done
Phase II
Phase III
• Dynamic Range : 24bit
• Sampling Rate : 100sps
• Type of Telemetry : Frame Relay
• Type of Digitizer: Smart24r
Time mark is given on site by GPS.
• Each site is equipped with 3 different instruments
• ~300 m in depth
17 stations Have Been Done
70 stations in Final Step
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Cable Ocean Bottom Seismic Network
Latit
ude
Longitude
Sea Depth Meter
Land Station
Observed Node
• Black line: achievedachieved in 2011• Blue line: ongoingongoing project as the phase II• White line: plannedplanned project as phase III
• Dynamic Range : 24bit
• Sampling Rate : 100sps
• Type of Telemetry : Frame Relay
Time mark is given on site.
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Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan
Updated Seismic NetworksBore-Hole Seismic Network
Cable Ocean Bottom Seismic Network
Institute of Earth Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taiwan
Broadband Array in Taiwan for Seismology (BATS)
Yangmingshan (YMS) Volcano Seismic Network
Other Institutions
Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS)
: 3 JMA (Japan) Stations
Integration for all CWB Seismic Networks
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Station Channel Network Location
Network (Network Type)
CWB_BH CWB Bore Hole
CWB_BB CWB Broad Band
CWB_SMT CWB Smart24
IRIS_JPN IRIS Japan
IES_YMS IES YMS
IES_BATS IES BATS
Channel (Instrument Type)
Ch1~Ch3 Strong Motion (Z , N , E)
Ch4~Ch6 Short Period (Z , N , E)
Ch7~Ch9 Broad Band (Z , N , E)
Location (Position of Instrument)
01 Surface
02 Bore Hole
03 Ocean Bottom
Policy of SCNL
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測站 Station Channel Network Location
Acceleration of Smart24 CHK Ch1~Ch3 CWB_SMT 01
Short Period of Smart24 CHK Ch4~Ch6 CWB_SMT 01
Broad Band in Surface CHK Ch7~Ch9 CWB_BB 01
Broad Band in Bore Hole CHK Ch7~Ch9 CWB_BB 02
Example: Cheng Kung Station
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Integrated Seismic Network
68
17
33
21
9
3
The Earthworm system is used forintegrating seismic networks.
Operators are able to request differentkinds of real-time data from thisEarthworm system.
115 120 125 13020
22
24
26
28
Total 144 Sites 249 Instruments
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module module module module module
ReceivingLayer
IntegratedLayer
ApplicationLayer
Earthworm Earthworm EarthwormData Exchange
TCP/IP
Earthworm
Smart24a BH BB OBS Others
System Architecture
Earthquake Rapid Report
Earthquake Early Warning
Tsunami Early Warning
Fault Plane Solutions
Earthquake Catalog
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File Header
Port Header
Data (4 bytes for 24 bits data)
(Component , Port , Points)
Content Data Type
1 System ID 4 bytes char
2 Year 2 bytes int
3 Milli-second 2 bytes int
4 File length (sec)
2 bytes int
5 Month 1 byte int
6 Day 1 byte int
7 Hour 1 byte int
8 Minute 1 byte int
9 Second 1 byte int
10 Sample Rate 1 byte unsigned int
11 Number of Port
2 bytes int
12 Null (Empty) 6 bytes int
Content Data Type
1 Station 4 bytes char TAP1, HWA ,CHN5, ……
2 Instrument 4 bytes char
FBA, SP, BB
3 Component Order
3 bytes char VNE
4 GPS status 1 byte int 0 : unlock, 1 : lock , 2 : unknown, 3 : data lost
5 Null (Empty) 2 bytes int Un-used
6 Number of Comp 1 byte int 3
7 Location 1 byte int 1 : Surface , 2 : Borehole , 3 : Ocean Bottom
8 Net Name 4 bytes char
9 Null (Empty) 12 bytes int Un-used
Port Header (32 Bytes each port)File Header (24 bytes)
CWB24 Format
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GPS Status
CHY
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Integrated CWB Seismic Network
IES-YMS
Acceleration
Short Period
Acceleration
IRIS-JPN
Short Period
Broad Band
IES-BATS
Bore Hole
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http://cwbsnbb.cwb.gov.tw/index_en.htm
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http://www.cwb.gov.tw/V7e/earthquake/
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Thanks for your attention.