Download - Sentence Structure Lesson Final PPT
Sentence Sentence StructuresStructures: : Simple, Compound, Simple, Compound,
Complex, Complex, Compound-ComplexCompound-Complex
What is sentence What is sentence
structure anyway?structure anyway? The structure of a The structure of a sentence refers tosentence refers to::
The The kindskinds and and ## of of clausesclauses a sentence a sentence
has.has.
What is a clause ?
•Group of words with a subject & verb•May or may not have a complete thought
When will a clause have a complete
thought?
So, an independent clause has what three
things?
•Subject
•Verb
•Complete Thought
If it is INDEPENDENT!
Simple Sentence DefinitionSimple Sentence Definition: :
1 Independent Clause1 Independent Clause
ExampleExample::
I like to eat cake.I like to eat cake.
It’s so easy, it’s a piece of
cake!
“It’s a cakewalk!!!”
“Hey, that’s a simple sentence
too!!!”
What part of What part of speech speech combinescombines
things?things?
Conjunctions!Conjunctions!This is how you will This is how you will
combine clauses & sentences combine clauses & sentences together!together!
When will a clause not have a
complete thought?If it’s Dependent!
What kinds of words introduce dependent clauses again?
Relative Pronouns: that, which, who,
whom, whose
Subordinating Conjunctions: if,
when, because, since, &
• The car that hit me was yellow.• The car, which I was driving at the time, suddenly caught
fire.• Miss Pinker, who is very kind, is my teacher.• The person whom I phoned last night is my uncle.• The student whose phone just rang should stand up.
Relative Pronouns: that, which, who, whom, whose
afteralthough
asbecausebeforeeven if
even thoughif
in order that
onceprovided thatrather than
sinceso thatthanthat
thoughunless
untilwhen
wheneverwhere
whereaswhereverwhether
whilewhy
Subordinating Conjunctions:
Louisa will wash the sink full of her dirty dishes once her roommate Shane cleans his stubble and globs of shaving cream from the sink.We looked on top of the refrigerator, where Jenny will often hide a bag of chocolate chip cookies.Because her teeth were chattering in fear, Lynda clenched her jaw muscle while waiting for her turn to audition.
Compound Sentence DefinitionCompound Sentence Definition: :
2 (or more) Independent 2 (or more) Independent ClausesClauses
ExampleExample: I went to the game : I went to the game early, early, butbut I forgot my wallet. I forgot my wallet.
1 Independent 1 Independent ClauseClause
1 Conjunction 1 Conjunction
+ 1 Independent + 1 Independent ClauseClause
= 1 Compound = 1 Compound Sentence! Sentence!
There are 2 ways to combine simple There are 2 ways to combine simple sentences?sentences?
1.1.Comma + ConjunctionComma + Conjunction
2.2.SemicolonSemicolonThe clauses of a compound sentence are connected by a coordinating conjunction (which is, more often than not, preceded by a comma), and the two most common coordinating conjunctions are and and but (the others are or, for, yet, and so). Two independent clauses can also be separated by a semicolon (relatively rare), but the clauses must be directly related.
•Meriwether Lewis is justly famous for his expedition into the territory of the Louisiana Purchase and beyond, but few people know of his contributions to natural science.•Lewis had been well trained by scientists in Philadelphia prior to his expedition, and he was a curious man by nature.
WITH A PARTNER, MAKE A CHART OF 2 THINGSWITH A PARTNER, MAKE A CHART OF 2 THINGS::
1.Times when Simple Sentences would be effective 1.Times when Simple Sentences would be effective
2. Times when Compound Sentences would be effective2. Times when Compound Sentences would be effective
Effective Times for Simple Sentences
Effective Times for
Compound Sentences:
Effective Times for Simple Effective Times for Simple SentencesSentences
•Friendly letter
•Short answer test
•Directions
•Posters
•Dictionary
•Math Book
•Labels
•Tags
•Captions
•Comics
•Menus
•Brochures
•Poetry
•Certificates
•Texting
•Clothing
•Google Search
•FaceBook, Twitter
•PowerPoint Presentations
•Billboards
•Recipes
•Prayers
•Translating languages, talking to babies or pets
•Police Officer reading rights
•Commands
•Cheers/Pep Talks
•Drive Thru Window
Effective Times for Effective Times for
Compound SentencesCompound Sentences::•Essays
•Journals
•Books
•Magazines
•Newspaper
•Business letter
•Resume
•Scholarly Journal/Article
•Syllabus
•Summary
•Stories
•Play
•Speech
What does a variation of What does a variation of sentence structure create for us?sentence structure create for us?
What would it be like if all What would it be like if all sentences were structured the sentences were structured the
same? What if we had all simple same? What if we had all simple sentences?sentences?
Varied Sentence Structure Varied Sentence Structure CreatesCreates::
•FlowFlow
•ExcitementExcitement
•Change of paceChange of pace
•EmphasisEmphasis
•Shows unity….allows us to tie ideas together and see a Shows unity….allows us to tie ideas together and see a relationshiprelationship
If All Sentences Were Structured If All Sentences Were Structured the Same…the Same…
Writing would beWriting would be::
boring, choppy, lack feeling and emphasisboring, choppy, lack feeling and emphasis
•Rihanna’s charity work and thriving career keep her plenty busy.
•She would also like to spread her wings in other areas.
•She made her debut playing in a movie.
•She plans on taking acting lessons.
•She can do even more acting.
Combine These Simple Sentences by Using Conjunctions! Use at least 1 subordinating conjunction and various FANBOYS! (May use same partner to do this!)
Although Rihanna’s charity work and thriving career keep her plenty busy, she would also like to spread her wings in other areas. She made her debut playing in a movie, and plans on taking acting lessons, so she can do even more acting.
Optional Answer:
REVIEW!REVIEW!
*What is a Simple *What is a Simple Sentence?Sentence?*What is an Independent *What is an Independent Clause?Clause?
*What is a *What is a Compound Compound Sentence?Sentence?
Complex SentencesComplex Sentences
1 + 1… 1 of each!
Definition: 1 independent clause + 1 dependent clause (at least)
Example: When I go home from school, (Dep) I like to ride my four wheeler. (Ind)
What’s the subordinating conjunction in the dependent clause?
When
Compound -Complex Compound -Complex SentencesSentences
Definition: 2 independent clauses (at least) + 1
dependent clause (at least)
Example: I enjoy listening to music, and I just bought a new CD since my grandma gave me money for
my birthday.What is 1 Ind. Clause you see?
What is the 2nd Ind. Clause you see?
What is the Dep. Clause you see?
Compound -Complex Compound -Complex SentencesSentences
Continued…
Example: I enjoy listening to music, and I just bought a new CD since my grandma gave me money for
my birthday.What specifically is connecting the 2 Ind. Clauses?
Comma & the Coordinating Conjunction “and”…Remember,
it’s a FANBOY!
The Subordinating Conjunction since
What specifically is introducing the Dep. Clause?
Structure? Complex
Independent clause? People begin by deciding their character
Dependent clause? who are dressing up for Halloween
1. People who are dressing up for 1. People who are dressing up for Halloween begin by deciding their Halloween begin by deciding their
character.character.
Let’s Try Some!Tell what type of sentence structure each
sentence is.
StructurStructure?e?
SimpleSimple
Independent clause?
Gatherings are Gatherings are frequentfrequent
2. In October, like a In October, like a lot of other months, lot of other months,
gatherings are gatherings are frequent.frequent.
Notice…no conjunction!
Structure? Compound-Complex
Independent clause #1 ?
One of the most common problems is cavities
Dependent clause? that trick-or-treaters face
3. One of the most common problems
that trick-or-treaters face is cavities; another is being
cold.
Independent clause #2 ?
another is being cold
Structure? Compound
Independent clause #1 ? Halloween can be fun
Independent clause #2? You should always be careful
4. As a rule, Halloween can be fun, but you should
always be careful.
What is “as a rule”?
A phrase
The Four Sentence The Four Sentence StructuresStructures
SENTENCE STRUCTURE
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
Simple 1 0
Compound 2 or more 0
Complex 1 1 or more
Compound-Complex 2 or more 1 or more