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GE Energy Session 5 of a 5 PartSeries on the Smart Grid
Th m r ri L n h n L rn
Session 5: The Smart Grid The View From Rural America
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Smart Grid Learning Series
Session 1: The Smart Grid and its Benefits
Session 2: The Smart Grid The Consumer View
Session 3: The Smart Grid The Distribution View
Session 4: The Smart Grid The Transmission View
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Session 5: The Smart Grid The View From Rural
AmericaTopics:
Previous Session Review
Market Drivers
Increasing Costs
Smart Grid Solutions A Recap
The Role of Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
WiMAX Bringing Broadband and the Smart Grid to Rural America
Green Generation in Rural America Biomas Generation
Small and Large Wind Generation
A Role for PV?
The Impact Green Generation on the Distribution SystemImpact of Policy Discussion
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Smart Grid - Review
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Industry challenges
Soaring energy demand
Power outages financial impact
Green energy takes center stage
Electricity prices on the rise
Aging infrastructure/workforce
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Electricity prices on the rise
U.S. sees 6.5%spike in 096.5%
e ec r c s
6
Source: EIA (Energy information Administration)
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Electricity Poised to change the world again
We cant solve
same kind of thinking weused when we createdthem.
- Albert Einstein
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r r
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Growing complexity in modern grids
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Grid inefficiency
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Source: AEP PUC Hearing
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Aging assets
100%
Transformer failure rate
80%
60%
40%
0%
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Age in Years
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Emerging Capabilities
Wide-Area
Protection &Automation
Wide-AreaMonitoring
RenewablesForecasting
Renewables
& Control Smoothing
DeliveryOptimization Demand
Optimization
AssetOptimization
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Smart Grid TheView from Rural
Am ri
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Rural Electric Cooperatives An Overview
864 distribution, 66 generation & transmission cooperatives serving:
40 million people in 47 states
17.5 million businesses, homes, other establishments in 2500 of 3141 (80%) counties in U.S.
12% of U.S. population
Electric cooperatives in the United States:
Own/maintain 2.5 million miles (42%) of nations distribution line, covering 75% of U.S.landmass
Deliver 10% of total kilowatt hours sold in U.S. each yearenera e a mos o e ec r c y pro uce n . . eac year
Own assets worth $100 billion
Employ nearly 67,000 people
Pay over $1.2 billion state/local taxes
Source: National Rural Electric Cooperative Association
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American Recovery & Reinvestment Act of
7.22.7
. .
12.73.3
Plus 30-60B in
4.55.0 additional customer
spend
SmartGrid
BPAWAPA
EnergyEfficiency
FossilEnergy
BroadBand
AmericaCompetes
Bonds/Guarantees
EnergySegment
15
~$100 billion energy related spend
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What is a Smart Grid?
The inte ration of two infrastructures securelElectrical infrastructure
Electrical
Infrastructure
Information
Infrastructure
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Sources: EPRI Intelligrid
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ARRA Broadband Provisions
ARRA allocates $7.2B for broadband funding
.
$2.5B to Rural Utilities Service (Agriculture)
National Telecommunications & Information Administration fundingran s
Provide broadband to people residing in unserved/underserved areas, community
support organizations (schools, libraries, etc.), agencies that facilitate broadband useb low-income a ed other vulnerable rou s
Stimulate demand for broadband, job growth, economic development
Rural Utilities Service funding (Grants/Loans)
At least 75% of area receiving funds must be in rural area without sufficient access tohigh speed broadband service to facilitate rural economic development
Priority given to projects that will give customers choice of more than one provider and
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The Power of 4G for the Smart Grid
Leading, Low-Cost,-
500+ Members,
4G Wireless BroadbandTechnology
Proven Technology
Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) serviceinto customer premise
> Ideal for hard-to-reach locations
Strong, thriving ecosystem
> Intel, Cisco, Microsoft,
Motorola,
Highly flexible bandwidthdelivers cost-effective networkbuild-out
Siemens, Comcast, Alcatel
> No vendor lock-in
Open standards
Multiple concurrent sessions,with full security
O erable in both unlicensed and
> WiMAX Forum, IEEE, IETF
Proven telecoms-gradereliabilit and scalabilit
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licensed spectrum
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WiMAX Deployments Worldwide
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GE WiMAX Smart Grid SolutionPartners
4G wireless communications network for ALL utility requirements Advanced Metering, Demand Response, SCADA, Distribution Automation, Voice, and Mobile
Real-time Outage and Fault Detection, and Real-time Service Restoration improving reliability
Utility & Wireless Carrier collaborative business models (Shared CAPEX / Outsourced OPEX) Utility capital for WiMAX Network deployment O&M provided by Carrier with guaranteed SLAs
WiMAX SmartMeter by GE innovative, truly open, standards-based, smart meter GE SmartMeter becomes a valued asset providing a broadband pipe at every home
GE SmartMeter is gateway to the home providing advanced utility and customer energy services
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WiMAX Smart Grid Network collaboration changing the game for the utility & telecom industries
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WiMAX SmartMeter by GEWiMAX SmartMeter by GEtruly open, standards-based Smart Meter / Broadband Router
Advanced MeteringAdvanced Metering> Full featured ANSI C12.19 Smart Meter
> Automated and On-Re uest Reads
> Meter Events, Alarms, and Reporting
> Secure Remote Disconnect / Reconnect
> Outage / Restoration Detection & Reporting
>
> Demand Management / Load Limiting
> On-Board Secure / Dynamic SOAP Server
StandardsStandards--based Stron Securitbased Stron Securit> EAP-TLS Authentication; WiMAX PKMv2
> Tamper-proof Crypto EEPROM Key Store
> x.509 Digital Certificate based Identity
Broadband Access RouterBroadband Access Router> IPv4 / IPv6 Router; 802.1Q VLAN Switch
> IP DiffServ and 802.1P QoS / CoS Services
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> DHCP, NTP, Firewall, Encryption
> VPN Services TLS, IPSec
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Rural Connectivity - Summary
Enables advanced metering and broadband connectivity using one unit andone network
Expedited implementation through shared use of existing assets (poles,
right of way)
Helps to accomplish multiple ARRA objectives
Investing in the future
Key benefits for utilities, consumers, smart grid
es are a e o e er manage e r asse s an resources
Customers are able to better manage energy use
Less ener used Two connections
Reduced emissions
Win-win!Electricity
Internet
Plug-invehicle
Solar
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Smart meter/Smart modem
Broadbandnetwork
one smart system
Smartappliances
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Generation Options
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DG with small renewables
Small wind
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Electricity Cost by State, January 2009
WA7.65
MT ND MN
NH16.29
VT ME
8.44
ID7.05
OR8.41
SD7.58
6.55
WY7.76
IA
9.59
WI12.35
MI11.17
MA 18.12
RI 17.20
CT 19.49
. .
NY17.46
PA
CA
14.95
6.89
12.23
UT8.00 CO
9.25 MO
7.02
8.88
KS8.16 KY
8.10
IN8.62
IL10.78
VA10.01
NC
OH9.39
10.83
WV7.40
NJ 15.8
DE 13.25
MD 14.40
DC 12.83
AZ9.51
TX
OK7.67
NM9.54
MS9.64
TN9.44AR
8.94
9.45
SC9.80
GA9.40
AL10.31
Residential AveragePrice (cents per KW)
6.00 7.99
8.00 9.99.
8.92
FL12.43
HI25.76
AK17.25 10.00 11.99
12.00 15.99
16.00 26.00
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Source: Energy Information Administration
Table 5.6.A. Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers by End-Use Sector, by State, January 2009 and 2008(Cents per kilowatthour)
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Biomass-to-power
Landfill Gas Waste Water Animal / Industrial Biomass
Fuel /Technology
anaerobicdigestion
anaerobicdigestion
anaerobicdigestion
Syngas fromgasification
Total Est.
Market
. . . .
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Gas engine
Unit size:
up o eng ne
Key benefits
Access to renewable incentives (if biogas used)
Fast deployment
Flexibility in plant size: installation of multiple units
Portable; skid mounted solution possible
g e c ency
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Source: Nexterra web site
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Biogas applications
Biogas sourcesEnabling Renewable
(available)
with gas engine
Digester
Diary farm (animal waste)
Municipal WWTP
Biomassgasifier Landfill gas
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Biomass gasification pilot
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Source: Nexterra web site
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Solar
Key benefits
Fast deployment
Modular installation; flexible size
Low infrastructure requirement on installation
Power generation timing, matching the
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Solar potential in USA
1kW solar system(per 100ft2)
one verage mon ykWh production
range
1 80-902 90-100
3 105-115
4 115-125
-
6 135-145
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Source: GE data
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Solar: PV application examples
18kW, Santa Maria de RoncesvallesPomplona, Spain
129 kW, Shafer VineyardsCA, USA
10MW, Cceres ProjectSpain
ommerc abuilding Industrial
es en aRural
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Preparing for the Future PV grid parity is
10%Prob
40%Prob
60%Prob
90%Prob
Commercial
without incentives
Commercial
Residential
Commercial
Residential
Commercial
es en a
CA
16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30
35
, , , , ,incentives
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Big Boxes Adopting PV Solar
a - art aunc es o ar ower n t at ve
". . . provide as much as 20 megawatts of electricity, for prices less than itcurrentl a s local utilities . . . solar ower com anies a the u front costs ofinstallations and retain ownership of the systems, and enter long-term contracts
to sell electricity to their customers."
Long Beach, CA
Source: Fortune, May 07, 2007
Electricity Rate: $.145/kWh
Contract
. .. . ..
390 KW $ 4.145/watt module cost.
$6.10 install cost
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Residents will realize future savings
Breakeven Cash Flow Analysis
using Home Financing Calculations
$/W
(installed)
Breakeven Retail Rate
(cents/kWh)*
8 18.8
Net capital cost ($) $/W * 1000 *4kWp Federal & State tax ITC
Annual payment ($) Monthly payment (assuming interest iscompounded monthly) * 12 + O&M
S stem out ut kWh 4kW * 8760 hours * ca acit factor
7 16.6
6 14.3
5 12.1
Breakeven (/kWh) Annual payment / system output * 100
Assumptions
4 9.8 oca on: an a System size: 4 kWp Capacity factor:
15% Debt terms: 25
years Cost of debt: 7%
annua : # hours/year: 8760 Federal ITC: 30% State ITC: 35%* Resident achieves cash savings when retail
electricity rate exceeds $/kWh value for 4kWsystem
37
can get Positive Cash Flow
Source: GE internal analysis
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Utility-Scale Solution Thin Film
Racking System Thin Film PV Modules GE Inverter Cabling Monitoring & Security
GE offers a 1.5MW solar power plant kit, designed for ease of installation,optimized for performance, and delivered with excellent GE execution and
System Specs 1.5MW
Area 10-14 Acres
Plug & Play Advantages GE Reliability & Execution
Grid Friendl & GE Controls
repu a on
Efficiency 8.5->12+ %CE
No. of Modules 23,000
Steel Posts 1,500
Simplified & Scalable
Cost Competitive
,
System Life >20yrs
4Q08
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Small wind
Unit size:
< 100kW /unit
Key statistics
2008 Global small windmarket
Key benefits
Ease of scalability
38.7MW
19,000 units
$156MM (sales)
Federal tax credit (30%)
Further state incentives on renewables
53% growth over 2007
Players
Total 219 companies
(Tower & grid connection)
Swift installation
>
> 145 (Others)
Projection
40
.
Source: SouthwestWindpower
2008
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Small wind: Application examples
Residential Utility poleRetail car ark
app ca ons n egra on
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Source: Southwest Windpower
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Small wind: State incentives
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Source: AWEA Small Wind Turbine Global Market Study2008
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A D i ti G T bi
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AeroDerivative Gas Turbines
Unit size:
20 100MW
Key benefits: Proven reliability and availability
Fast load response
Excellent starting reliability @ max load in
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AeroDerivative GT + Wind
Traditional manual dispatch when generation is needed
Deregulation/dispatch drives generation investment
Grid system manages wind volatility and takes all it can get
controller Wind Intermittency Management System (IMS)
Nodal market calls upon most efficient generation, high ancillary market
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A D i ti GT Wi d
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AeroDerivative GT + Wind
Wind needs AeroDerivative GTCa abilities
o u p e s ar s op cyc es
without maintenancepenalty
Proven AeroDerivative
design
o 10 minutes or less to fullpower The higher the
ramp rate the better
Demonstrated plus50 MW/min ramp rate
without enalty ossible
o High simple cycle efficiency Best in industry is @ 44%
o g par power e c ency
and low emissions
o Remote operation Demonstrated
o ay per ormance
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AeroDerivative GT Wind
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AeroDerivative GT + Wind
Example: 400 wind + LMS100
(One representative week of good wind operation)
400.0
.
200.0
300.0
MW
Actual Wind
LMS power
0.0
100.0 Forecast Wind(unbiased)
-200.0
-100.0
1 13 25 37 49 61 73 85 97 109 121 133 145 157
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HourNW Miller 2/7/2007 Energy Consulting
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Distributed generation: S t i t ti
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Distributed generation: System integration
Equipment
SmallSolar
Small Wind
LOAD
N
STORAGE
T&D
InverterBatteries
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Managing the Grid
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Managing the Grid
Planning
Building
Safety
Reliability
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Summary
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Summary
America
NRECA and NRTC collaboration next generation networks
Small Green Generation enabled
Smart Grid reliability
ar a o u on o arm as e ssues
51