Download - Session 6 -_therap__adv_rxns_recovery_k9
Therapeutic Nutrition II
Adverse Reactions to FoodAcute Care/RecoveryCanine Osteoarthritis
Image Source: www.vet.ed.ac.uk/vclins/research/images/dog.jpg
Adverse Reactions to FoodHow adverse reactions to food manifest:
A. Dermatitis Pyoderma Otitis Dermatitis
B. Gastroenteritis1. Vomiting2. Diarrhea
FOODALLERGY
FOODINTOLERANCE
What are the Culprits?
Chicken, Chicken eggSoy, Lamb
25%
Other7%
Beef, Dairy,Wheat68%
Beef, Dairy,Fish 89%
Other11%
DOGS
CATS
What are the Culprits?
Glycoproteins withMolecular weight of
10,000 – 60,000 Daltons
Source: Hill’s Pet Nutrition, Inc.
Adverse Reaction Goals1. Identify the allergen2. Avoid the allergen
FOOD ELIMINATIONTEST IS MOST
ACCURATE FOR FOOD ALLERGY TESTING
Adverse Reaction KNFsProvide a:
Novel protein source orHydrolyzed protein source
Highly digestible proteinLimited number of protein sources
What Novel Proteins Are Available?Protein Source Available?
Lamb
Kangaroo
Chicken
Alligator
Duck
Whitefish
Opossum
Venison
Rabbit
What Novel Proteins Are Available?Protein Source Available?
Lamb
Kangaroo
Chicken
Alligator XDuck
Whitefish Opossum Aussie dog food
Venison
Rabbit
LA Limited Antigen®HA Hypoallergenic® Gentle Snackers®
Skin and Coat Response FP Skin and Coat Response Response LB
Skin and Coat Response Response KOPrescription Diet® d/dPrescription Diet® z/d Low AllergenPrescription Diet® z/d ULTRA
Hypoallergenic HP 19Novel sources: potato, rabbit, venison, whitefish, vegetarian
ANSWER They will feel better when they eatFluid therapy does not replace eatingCats that are licking the gravy off the canned food
are not eating enough to sustain themselvesOwners must understand how important eating is
for the recovery of their pet
Recovery Care
Anorexia – lack or loss of appetite
Hypermetabolism – increased need for energy and nutrients caused by disease or recovery process
Recovery Care
Enteral feeding – use of the alimentary tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine)
Parenteral feeding – routes other than alimentary tract; ex: I/V, I/P
TPN – all nutrients parenteral
Recovery CareIndications for assisted feeding
Mechanical dysfunctionAnorexiaIncreased energy requirementIncreased nutrient requirement
Assisted feeding should begin within 24 hours
Recovery CareBenefits of assisted feeding
Prevent dehydrationEnhance wound healingDecrease recovery timePrevent muscle and weight lossCounteract immunosuppressive effects
What is the best food to encourage a pet to eat?Food from home ( have owners bring in food and
encourage pets to eat)Table food, boiled chicken and hamburgerAD, highly palatable, can be fed through a syringe if
neededMake sure animal is clean, comfortable
Recovery Care - Goals•Formula conducive to enteral feeding•Water•Increased B vitamins, electrolytes
•High energy density•Relatively high protein
•Omega 3 Fatty acids•Arginine, glutamine,
carnitine
Provide Nutrients
Energy Dense Formula
Support Organ Function
Support Immune Function
KNF Comparison: Recovery Care Products
Purina CV Feline
Iam’s Stress/Weight Gain Max Cal
Prescription Diet a/d
Energy Density
223 kcals/can 333 kcals/can 180 kcals/can
Protein 42.53% Min. 14% 44.3%
Glutamine n/a n/a 7.23%
Recovery ProductsCV CardioVascular® Feline
Stress/Weight Gain Maximum Calorie Canine and Feline Canned Formula
Prescription Diet® a/d
Recovery RS
Canine Osteoarthritis
Arthritis:: Inflammation of a joint
Osteoarthritis: disease of joint cartilage, associated with secondary changes in the underlying bone
“Lance” 6 yrs old, Golden Retriever, M(i)
100# BCS 5/5 “Lucy” 1 yr old, Great Dane, F(n)
103# BCS 3/5
What Arthritis Risk Factors Do These Dogs Have?
Thanks Sara!
Arthritis Risk Factors
Breed SizeGenetic predispositionTraumaObesity
Johnston SA. Vet Clin N Amer 1997
Joint Structure & Function
CoreProtein
Hyaluronan
Linkprotein
Others Keratan Chondroitin sulfates sulfates
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Aggrecan
Joint Structure & Function
Aggrecanases
Proteinases responsible for degradation of Proteinases responsible for degradation of aggrecan, resulting in GAG releaseaggrecan, resulting in GAG release
Joint Structure & Function
Linkprotein
Aggrecanases cause GAGs to break off
CoreProtein
Others Keratan Chondroitin sulfates sulfates
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
Managing Canine Osteoarthritis
Structural &Functional Failure
Physical Stress• DOD• Weight• Trauma
InflammationRednessHeatSwelling Pain
DegradationAggrecanases
MatrixDamage
ChondrocyteDamage
Managing Canine Osteoarthritis
Structural &Functional Failure
Physical Stress• DOD• Weight• Trauma
Inflammation
Degradation
MatrixDamage
ChondrocyteDamage
MedicationsOmega-3 FA
X
XOmega-3 FA
Chondroprotectives
X
Canine Osteoarthritis Goals
Manage predisposing factorsReduce pain, inflammationImprove joint function and mobility
Canine Osteoarthritis KNFHigh levels of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA)
Omega-3 fatty acid that is biologically active in dog cartilage; selectively stored
Stops degradation, decreases inflammation
Added Glucosamine & Chondroitin SulfateHigh levels of Carnitine