![Page 1: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?
Andrew PringlePhD candidate (Psychology)Supervisor: Dr Paul Sowden
![Page 2: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview What are “different modes of thinking”?
Evidence suggesting that creative individuals are proficient at shifting
Experiment examining if creative individuals are better at
shifting modes than less creative individuals.
![Page 3: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Convergent thinking
?=>
Modes of thinking
?
Divergent thinking
![Page 4: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Deployment of different modes
Idea generation
Practicality within real-world constraints
![Page 5: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Shifting between modes
Idea generation
Practical solutions within real-world constraints
Convergent thinking
Divergent thinking
Shifting modes
![Page 6: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Are the creative better at shifting?Wolf & Mieg (2011):
Control over the mode of thinking deployed: self-report likert scale measuring the control of divergent and convergent thinking
Measure of creative performance: invention efficiency (IE): IE = Marketed patents Granted patents
![Page 7: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Inducing shifting and assessing shifting efficiency?
Task inducing divergent thinking
Task inducing convergent
thinking method of inducing
shifts
Is shifting efficiency (related to) creative ability?
![Page 8: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Inducing divergent thinking
sun
Divergent task
After-sun
After-partyAfter-math
![Page 9: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Inducing convergent thinking
Convergent task
basket eightsnow
= “ball” 1 2 3 4 5
Extent to which solution generated by insight (aha! experience)
![Page 10: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
canedaddy plum
![Page 11: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Inducing shifting
30sec
time
basket eight snow
show life row
dew cone bee
30sec
chair
watch
air
flake mobile cone
tape
cross rain tie
Pure Convergent
Block
Alternating Block
Pure Divergent
Block
![Page 12: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Participant details & Creativity measure
Participant details students and staff at the University of Surrey Age (M = 22.40 years, SD = 2.24, range = 18-27) All native English speakers No dyslexics
Creative achievement questionnaire (CAQ) Domains (visual arts, music, dance, architectural design, creative writing, humour, inventions, scientific discovery, theatre and film and culinary arts).
![Page 13: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Effects of shifting on convergent problem performance 3 measures: 1) % of correct solutions generated 2) average speed at which correct solutions were generated 3) Extent to which solutions arrived in an “aha moment”.
Alternating vs. pure block performance:
Difference score = mean of convergent scores in alternating block
- mean of convergent scores within pure block
![Page 14: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Effects of shifting on % correct solutions
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
CAQ score
Diff
eren
ce in
% o
f cor
rect
Sol
utio
ns (A
ltern
atin
g vs
. Pu
re)
Difference in % correct solutions given within alternating vs. pure blocks across CAQ scores
(r = .12, p =.24).
![Page 15: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Effects of shifting on speed of correct solutionsDifference in speed of correct solutions given within alternating vs. pure blocks across CAQ
scores
(rs = .32, p (one-tailed) = .02).0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
CAQ score
Diffe
renc
e in
spe
ed (m
sec)
of c
orre
ct s
olut
ions
(A
lt. v
s. P
ure)
R2 = .10
![Page 16: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Insightful generation across blocks
Alternating Pure.00
.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
Block
Insi
ght r
atin
gs
Significantly higher ratings of “aha moments” (insight) Within alternating vs. pure problem blocks (F (1, 39) = 10.5, p = .002, ηp
2 .21, power= .89)
(M = 3.76, SE = .08) (M = 3.44, SE = .11)
![Page 17: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Conclusions
Task inducing divergent thinking
Task inducing convergent
thinking Shifting modes
Proficient shifting (not related to) creative ability
![Page 18: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Conclusions Creative individuals
divergent mindset convergent mindset
divergent mindset convergent mindset
![Page 19: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Unexpected findings
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
-8000
-6000
-4000
-2000
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
CAQ score
Diffe
renc
e in
spe
ed (m
sec)
of c
orre
ct s
olut
ions
(A
lt. v
s. P
ure)
R2 = .10
Alternating Pure.00
.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
BlockIn
sigh
t rat
ings
Divergent thinking benefitting convergent problem performance?
![Page 20: Shifting between modes of thought: A mechanism underlying creative performance?](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022070421/56816020550346895dcf219b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Overall conclusion Findings so far fail to support hypothesis that more creative individuals are better at shifting.
Next:
Fully analyse performance within alternating vs. pure blocks on divergent problems.
Implications:
divergent thinking may facilitate insight on convergent problems.
Applications?