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SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient
Protocol For WBANsQaisar Nadeem
Department of Electrical EngineeringComsats Institute of Information Technology
IslamabadSep 07, 2013
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Outline Introduction Motivation Mathematical Formulation of the Problem Node deployment SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBANs
Initial phase Selection of forwarder Scheduling
Radio Parameters Simulation Results Path Loss Model Conclusion
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Introduction
WBAN is sub-field of WSNs The primary target applications of WBANs are medical
health-care services WBANs offer early detection/treatment of diseases, thereby
reducing health-care costs WBANs capture accurate and quantitative data from a
variety of sensors (e.g., temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, etc.)
Sensors are placed on the human body or in the body
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Motivation
Nodes in WBANs are required to operate under strict resource Constraints
Impossible to replace batteries Frequent recharging procedure is one of the main obstacles
in WBANs Porting routing solutions from WSNs to WBANs is
problematic due to the different network architectures and operating conditions
Efficient routing solutions should be designed specifically for WBANs
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Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption
Let N is the set of nodes, f is the forwarder node and sink S C is the capacity of the wireless link The data generated by sensors is denoted by dis
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Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption
Objective Function
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Problem Formulation: Minimum Energy Consumption
Subject to:
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Let Ei is the total available energy Emin is minimum residual energy below which nodes stop
transmitting Zi is a 0-1 integer The wireless channel capacity is represented by C
Problem Formulation: ThroughputMaximization
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Objective Function
Problem Formulation: ThroughputMaximization
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Problem Formulation: ThroughputMaximization
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Solution
SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For Wireless Body Area
Networks (WBANs)
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Node Deployment
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SIMPLE: Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBAN
Initial Phase Selection of Forwarder Node Scheduling
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Initial Phase
Sink broadcasts its location through short information packet
Sensor nodes store the location of sink Each sensor transmits short information packet to sink
which contains node ID, its residual energy and location Sink broadcasts information to all sensors
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Selection of Forwarder Node
Minimum cost function value is used to select optimal data forwarder
A node with high residual energy and less distance to sink has minimum cost function
Cost Function (i) = distance (i) /Residual Energy (i) (5)
Cost function value ensures new forwarder in each round
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Scheduling
Forwarder node assigns TDMA schedule to its children node Children nodes transmit their data in allocated time slot TDMA scheduling saves energy of sensor nodes.
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Energy Parameters
Two commercially available transceivers [3]
Energy equation
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iM-SIMPLE: Improved Stable Increased Throughput Multi-hop Link Efficient Protocol For WBAN
Simulation Results
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Network lifetime Increase in stability period due to appropriate selection of forwarder node in each round Balanced energy consumption among all nodes in stable region Chain formation in M-ATTEMPT causes nodes to deplete more energy
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Residual Energy Nodes utilize less energy in stability period Nodes consume energy faster in unstable region
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Throughput Throughput is the number of packets received successfully
at sink More alive nodes contribute towards higher network
throughput
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Path loss Multi-hop topology minimizes the Path loss Direct distant communication causes maximum path loss
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Path Loss Model Path Loss is the difference between transmitted
power and received power
Where,PL = Path loss d = Distance between transmitter and receiverdo = Reference distancen = Path loss coefficient
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Conclusion
Stable and high throughput routing protocol for WBANs
A node with minimum cost function is selected as forwarder
Cost function is based on residual energy of nodes and its distance from sink
Node with high residual energy and less distance to sink has minimum value of cost function
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Questions
Thank you!
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References1: J. Elias and A. Mehaoua, “Energy-aware topology design for wireless body area networks,” in Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on, pp. 34093410, IEEE, 20122: N. Ababneh, N. Timmons, and J. Morrison, “Cross-layer optimization protocol for guaranteed data streaming over
wireless body area networks,” in Wireless Communications andMobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2012 8thInternational, pp. 118123, IEEE, 2012.
3: Reusens, Elisabeth, et al. ”Characterization of on-bodycommunication channel and energy efficient topology designfor wireless body area networks.” Information Technology inBiomedicine, IEEE Transactions on 13.6 (2009): 933-945.