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SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007

COPYRIGHT NOTICE SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 ISSN 0129-2420

©Manpower Research and Statistics Department Ministry of Manpower Republic of Singapore All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing it in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the prior written permission of the copyright owner except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act (Cap. 63). Application for the copyright owner's written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to: Director Manpower Research and Statistics Department Ministry of Manpower 18 Havelock Road #06-02

MOM Building Singapore 059764 Republic of Singapore


Manpower Research and Statistics Department

MISSION

To provide timely and reliable

national statistical information on the labour market

to facilitate informed decision making within the government and community at large

Statistical activities conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department are governed by the provisions of the Statistics Act (Chapter 317). The Act guarantees the confidentiality of information collected from individuals and companies. It spells out the legislative authority and responsibility of the Director, Manpower Research and Statistics Department. Extracts of the Act are available in the Department's Internet website at www.mom.gov.sg/mrsd.

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 i

The “Singapore Yearbook of Manpower Statistics” contains a wide range of key statistical information on the labour market. Wherever possible, time-series data from 1996 to 2006 are included. This Yearbook is the 31st edition published by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department of the Ministry of Manpower. Starting from the 25th edition, the publication title has been amended to reflect the year of publication instead of the reference year of the latest available data. We hope this Yearbook will meet the needs of users for up-to-date and comprehensive manpower statistics. The contents and presentation of the Yearbook are reviewed regularly. We welcome readers’ feedback to help us improve the Yearbook. A detachable “Feedback Form” is enclosed at the end of the publication for readers’ use. We wish to thank the various government agencies, statutory boards and private organisations for their contributions to this publication. We are also grateful to those who have offered valuable comments and suggestions to improve the Yearbook. TAN LENG LENG (Mrs) Director Manpower Research and Statistics Department Ministry of Manpower June 2007

PREFACE

CONTENTS Page

i PREFACE

v LIST OF TABLES

1 LABOUR FORCE

17 WAGES

57 EMPLOYMENT, HOURS WORKED AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT

73 LABOUR TURNOVER, RETRENCHMENTS, JOB VACANCIES AND EMPLOYMENT SERVICE

93 LABOUR RELATIONS

109 WORKPLACE INJURIES AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES

119 SOCIAL SECURITY

127 HIGHER EDUCATION AND SKILLS TRAINING

167 KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 iii

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 v

Page LABOUR FORCE 3 – 15 1.1 Labour Force, Employed, Unemployed and Unemployment Rate, 1991 – 2006 3 1.2 Key Characteristics of Resident Labour Force, 1991 – 2006 4 Economically Active Residents Aged 15 Years and Over by 1.3 Age, Activity Status and Sex, June 2006 5 1.4 Highest Qualification Attained and Sex, 1996 and 2006 6 Employed Residents Aged 15 Years and Over by 1.5 Industry, Age and Sex, June 2006 7 – 8 1.6 Occupation, Age and Sex, June 2006 9 – 10 1.7 Industry and Occupation, June 2006 11 1.8 Age-Sex Specific Resident Labour Force Participation Rates, 1996 and 2006 12 1.9 Unemployed Residents Aged 15 Years and Over 13 by Sex, Age and Highest Qualification Attained, 1996 – 2006 1.10 Resident Unemployment Rates by Sex, Age 14 and Highest Qualification Attained, 1996 – 2006 1.11 Annual and Quarterly Unemployment Rates, 1996 – 2006 15 WAGES 19 – 56 2.1 National Wages Council (NWC) Guidelines 19 – 23 2.2 Average (Mean) Monthly Earnings Per Employee by Industry, 2005 – 2006 24 2.3 Average (Mean) Monthly Earnings Per Employee by Industry and Sex, 25 2005 – 2006

LIST OF TABLES

vi SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007

Page 2.4 Monthly Basic and Gross Wages of Selected Occupations 26 – 49 in All Industries, June 2006 2.5 Total Wage Increase by Industry, 2000 – 2006 50 2.6 Basic Wage Increase by Industry, 2000 – 2006 51 2.7 Quantum of Variable Component Paid by Industry, 2000 – 2006 52 2.8 Proportion of Employees by Number of Key Recommendations 53 Implemented and Establishment Size, 2004 – 2006 2.9 Proportion of Employees by Key Wage Recommendations 54 and Establishment Size, 2004 – 2006 2.10 Annual Labour Cost Per Employee by Industry and Cost Component, 2005 55 – 56 EMPLOYMENT, HOURS WORKED AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT 59 – 72 3.1 Employment by Industries, 2001 – 2006 59 – 60 3.2 Average Weekly Paid Hours Worked Per Employee 61 – 62 by Industry, 2001 – 2006 (All Employees) 3.3 Average Weekly Overtime Hours Worked Per Employee 63 – 64 by Industry, 2001 – 2006 (All Employees) 3.4 Average Weekly Paid Hours Worked Per Employee by Industry 65 – 66 and Type of Employment, 2006 3.5 Average Weekly Standard/Overtime Hours Worked Per Employee 67 – 68 by Industry and Type of Employment, 2006 3.6 Work–week Pattern of Employees by Industry, June 2006 69 – 70 3.7 Annual Leave Entitlement of Employees by Industry, June 2006 71 – 72

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 vii

Page LABOUR TURNOVER, RETRENCHMENTS, JOB VACANCIES AND 75 – 91 EMPLOYMENT SERVICE 4.1 Average Monthly Recruitment Rates by Industry 75 – 76 and Occupational Group, 2001 – 2006 4.2 Average Monthly Resignation Rates by Industry 77 – 78 and Occupational Group, 2001 – 2006 4.3 Average Monthly Recruitment and Resignation Rates by Industry 79 – 80 and Occupational Group, 2006 4.4 Retrenched Workers by Industry and Occupational Group, 2001 – 2006 81 – 82 4.5 Incidence of Retrenchment by Industry 83 – 84 and Occupational Group, 2001 – 2006 4.6 Job Vacancy Rates by Industry and Occupational Group, 2001 – 2006 85 – 86 4.7 Job Vacancies and Job Vacancy Rate by Industry 87 – 88 and Occupational Group, 2006 4.8 Job Vacancy to Unemployed Person Ratio, 1996 – 2006 89 (Seasonally Adjusted) Job Seekers Attended to at CareerLink Centres by 4.9 Age and Education, 2003 – 2006 90 Job Seekers Placed in Employment by CareerLink Centres by 4.10 Age and Education, 2003 – 2006 91 LABOUR RELATIONS 95 – 108 Employers’ Trade Unions by 5.1 Size of Trade Union, 1996 – 2006 95 5.2 Industry, 1996 – 2006 95

viii SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007

Page Membership of Employers’ Trade Unions by 5.3 Size of Trade Union, 1996 – 2006 96 5.4 Industry, 1996 – 2006 96 Employees’ Trade Unions by 5.5 Size of Trade Union, 1996 – 2006 97 5.6 Industry, 1996 – 2006 98 Membership of Employees’ Trade Unions by 5.7 Size of Trade Union, 1996 – 2006 99 5.8 Industry, 1996 – 2006 100 Industrial Stoppages 5.9 Industrial Stoppages, 1996 – 2006 101 Trade Disputes Referred to the Conciliation Section by 5.10 Nature of Trade Disputes, 1996 – 2006 101 5.11 Industry, 1996 – 2006 102 Claims Registered with the Individual Disputes Section by 5.12 Nature of Claim, 1996 – 2006 103 Collective Agreements Certified by 5.13 Type of Workers Covered, 1996 – 2006 104 5.14 Type of Organisations, 1996 – 2006 104

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 ix

Page Trade Disputes Referred to the Industrial Arbitration Court by 5.15 Nature of Trade Disputes, 1996 – 2006 105 Industrial Arbitration Court Awards by 5.16 Nature of Trade Disputes, 1996 – 2006 106 5.17 Type of Workers Covered, 1996 – 2006 107 5.18 Type of Organisations, 1996 – 2006 107 WORKPLACE INJURIES AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES 111 – 117 6.1 Factories Registered under the Factories Act/Workplace Safety and Health Act 111 by Industry, 1996 – 2006 6.2 Workplace Injuries by Industry and Degree of Disablement, 2006 112 6.3 Workplace Safety and Health Indicators by Industry, 2006 113 6.4 Workplace Injuries by Type of Accident and Industry, 2006 114 6.5 Workplace Fatalities by Type of Accident and Industry, 2006 115 6.6 Workplace Injuries by Agency of Accident and Part of Body Injured, 2006 116 Confirmed Cases of Occupational Disease (Chronic) by 6.7 Type of Disease, 1996 – 2006 117 SOCIAL SECURITY 121 – 125 7.1 Central Provident Fund Contribution Rates, 1996 – 2006 121 – 122 Active Central Provident Fund Members by 7.2 Age, 1996 – 2006 123

x SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007

Page 7.3 Wage Level, 1996 – 2006 124 7.4 Industry and Sex, 2004– 2006 125 HIGHER EDUCATION AND SKILLS TRAINING 136 – 165 8.1 Graduates from Institutions of Higher Education by 136 – 149 Institution and Course, 1996 – 2006 8.2 Key Statistics on Graduates from Institutions of Higher Education, 2004–2006 150 8.3 School Leavers who Completed Full–time and Traineeship 151 Programmes at Institute of Technical Education, 1996 – 2006 8.4 Workers who Completed Skills Training Programmes at 152 Institute of Technical Education, 1996 – 2006 8.5 Persons who Completed Continuing Academic Education Courses at 153 Institute of Technical Education, 1996 – 2006 8.6 Persons who Passed Public Trade Tests and Examinations at 154 Institute of Technical Education, 1996 – 2006 8.7 Workers who Completed Skills Training Programmes at 155 Construction Industry Training Institute, 1995 – 2005 8.8 Persons who Completed Courses at Singapore Institute of 156 – 157 Management, 1996 – 2006 8.9 Persons who Completed Courses at Singapore Human Resources 158 – 159 Institute, 1996 – 2006 8.10 Persons who Completed Courses at Institute of 160 Systems Science, 1996 – 2006 8.11 Skills Development Fund (SDF) Value of Assistance and Training 161 – 162 Places Committed by Type of Training, 1996 – 2005 8.12 Number of Training Places Completed under Skills Redevelopment 163

Programme (SRP), 2000 – 2006 8.13 Key National Skills Recognition System (NSRS) Indicators, 2000 – 2006 163

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 xi

Page 8.14 Number of Workers Trained under The Singapore Workforce Skills 163

Qualifications System (WSQ) 2004 – 2006 8.15 Key Indicators of Place and Train Programme (PNTs) and Strategic Manpower 164 Conversion Programme (SMCP), 2004 – 2006 8.16 Key Indicators of Job Recreation Programme (JRP), 2005 – 2006 164 8.17 Union Leaders who Completed Certificates Programmes at 165 Ong Teng Cheong Institute of Labour Studies, 1996 – 2006 KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS 167 – 175 9.1 Gross Domestic Product by Industry, 2002– 2006 167 (At Current Market Prices) 9.2 Gross Domestic Product by Industry, 2002 – 2006 168 (At 2000 Prices) 9.3 Gross Domestic Product Deflators by Industry, 2002 – 2006 169 9.4 Consumer Price Index, 2002 – 2006 170 9.5 Domestic Supply Price Index, 2002 – 2006 171 9.6 Labour Productivity Change by Industry, 2002 – 2006 172 9.7 Key Manufacturing Indicators, 1996 – 2006 173 9.8 Key Tourism Indicators, 1996 – 2006 174 9.9 Key Transport Indicators, 1996 – 2006 175

NOTATIONS p preliminary na not available – nil or neligible

LABOUR FORCE

SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007 1

LABOUR FORCE

Source of Data

Statistics on the labour force,

employed and unemployed persons are compiled from the Labour Force Survey conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department of the Ministry of Manpower.

The June Labour Force Survey effectively covers at least 25,000 private households. The objective of the survey is to collect a wide range of data on the economic activities of the population, including detailed information on employment and unemployment and the characteristics of the labour force and economically inactive persons.

The March, September and December surveys effectively cover at least 6,000 households each. The objective of these surveys is to obtain estimates on unemployment.

As the Labour Force Survey is on households, it excludes workers living in construction worksites, dormitories and workers’ quarters at the workplace and persons commuting from abroad to work in Singapore. To achieve full coverage of the labour force in Singapore, data on residents i.e. Singapore citizens and permanent

residents from the survey are combined with foreign workforce data compiled from work passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower. Concepts and Definitions

The reference period refers to the

full calendar week preceding the date of the survey interview.

Employed persons refer to persons aged 15 years and over who worked for pay or profit or for family gains, as well as those who had a job to return to but were temporarily absent during the reference period.

Unemployed persons refer to persons aged 15 years and over who did not work but were available for work and were actively looking for a job during the reference period. They include persons who were not working but were taking steps to start their own business or taking up a new job after the reference period.

Economically active persons

or the labour force refers to employed and unemployed persons.

2 SINGAPORE YEARBOOK OF MANPOWER STATISTICS, 2007

The age-sex labour force

participation rate is defined as the percentage of economically active persons to the total population in the same age group and sex.

The unemployment rate is defined

as the percentage of unemployed persons to the total number of economically active persons aged 15 years and over.

Total Residents Total Residents Total Residents Total Residents Total Residents

1991 1,673.7 1,372.9 1,645.0 1,345.0 28.7 28.0 1.7 2.0 na na

1992 1,733.6 1,409.9 1,692.1 1,369.8 41.5 40.1 2.4 2.8 1.8 2.1

1993 1,762.7 1,421.7 1,721.1 1,381.6 41.6 40.2 2.4 2.8 1.8 2.1

1994 1,842.2 1,456.1 1,801.2 1,416.1 41.0 40.0 2.2 2.7 1.7 2.0

1996 2,024.9 1,511.5 1,976.4 1,464.8 48.5 46.7 2.4 3.1 1.8 2.3

1997 2,116.0 1,538.3 2,075.8 1,499.8 40.2 38.5 1.9 2.5 1.5 1.9

1998 2,187.9 1,546.5 2,133.8 1,493.8 54.1 52.6 2.5 3.4 2.0 2.7

1999 2,208.7 1,595.9 2,129.3 1,518.3 79.4 77.5 3.6 4.9 2.9 3.9

2001 2,330.5 1,644.3 2,267.3 1,582.5 63.2 61.9 2.7 3.8 2.2 3.1

2002 2,320.6 1,667.9 2,223.2 1,573.7 97.4 94.2 4.2 5.6 3.5 4.6

2003 2,312.3 1,706.4 2,208.1 1,605.4 104.2 101.0 4.5 5.9 3.7 4.8

2004 2,341.9 1,733.4 2,238.1 1,632.1 103.8 101.3 4.4 5.8 3.6 4.7

2006 2,594.1 1,880.8 2,505.8 1,796.7 88.3 84.2 3.4 4.5 2.7 3.5

Data for 1995, 2000 and 2005 are not available as the Labour Force Survey was not conducted in these years due to the conduct of the Census and General Household Survey by Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry.

Unemployment Rate( Seasonally Adjusted )

(%)

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, 2007 3

(As At June)1.1 LABOUR FORCE, EMPLOYED, UNEMPLOYED AND UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, 1991– 2006

Mid-YearLabour Force ( '000 ) Employed ( '000 ) Unemployed ( '000 )

Unemployment Rate (Non-Seasonally Adjusted)

(%)

Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females Total Males Females

1991 63.7 79.4 48.0 62.4 77.8 47.0 70.9 90.9 50.8 na na na

1992 63.9 79.4 48.6 62.1 77.2 47.2 70.9 90.0 51.9 na na na

1993 63.4 78.8 48.0 61.6 76.7 46.5 70.9 90.3 51.5 na na na

1994 63.8 79.2 48.6 62.1 77.2 47.1 71.6 90.8 52.5 1,200 1,300 1,000

1996 64.1 78.7 49.9 62.1 76.4 48.2 72.8 90.6 55.4 1,630 1,800 1,500

1997 63.7 78.2 49.5 62.1 76.3 48.2 73.0 90.7 55.5 1,800 2,000 1,630

1998 63.1 77.4 49.4 61.0 74.9 47.6 72.8 89.9 56.2 1,950 2,000 1,730

1999 64.1 77.8 50.7 61.0 74.2 48.1 72.1 88.3 56.3 1,950 2,000 1,690

2001 64.4 77.7 51.6 62.0 74.8 49.6 73.7 89.1 58.8 2,100 2,250 1,950

2002 63.6 77.2 50.6 60.0 72.9 47.7 72.1 87.3 57.3 2,080 2,180 1,950

2003 63.2 76.1 50.9 59.5 71.7 47.8 71.8 86.4 57.7 2,100 2,220 2,000

2004 63.3 75.7 51.3 59.6 71.5 48.1 72.3 86.5 58.5 2,100 2,200 1,990

2006 65.0 76.2 54.3 62.1 73.0 51.6 75.5 89.1 62.6 2,170 2,330 2,000

Data for 1995, 2000 and 2005 are not available as the Labour Force Survey was not conducted in these years due to the conduct of the Census and General Household Survey by Department of Statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry.1 Data pertain to full–time employed residents excluding National Servicemen.

4

( As At June )1.2 KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF RESIDENT LABOUR FORCE, 1991–2006

Mid-Year

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, 2007

Labour Force Participation Rate (%)(Aged 15 and Over)

Employment Rate (%)(Aged 15 and Over)

Employment Rate (%)(Aged 25–64)

Median Monthly Income1

(Full–Time)($)

In Thousands

Total Employed

Person Male Female Person Male Female Person Male Female

TOTAL 1,880.8 1,081.2 799.7 1,796.7 1,036.5 760.2 84.2 44.7 39.5

15 – 19 32.0 17.2 14.8 28.8 16.4 12.4 3.2 0.8 2.4

20 – 24 152.7 80.2 72.5 139.6 74.8 64.8 13.2 5.4 7.7

25 – 29 212.2 104.8 107.5 201.9 99.6 102.2 10.4 5.2 5.2

30 – 34 246.9 129.0 117.8 237.7 124.3 113.4 9.1 4.7 4.4

35 – 39 250.8 142.3 108.6 241.4 137.8 103.6 9.5 4.5 5.0

40 – 44 265.6 155.6 110.0 256.1 150.1 106.0 9.6 5.5 4.1

45 – 49 262.7 156.2 106.5 253.0 151.1 101.9 9.7 5.1 4.6

50 – 54 212.0 131.9 80.1 203.2 126.0 77.2 8.8 6.0 2.9

55 – 59 142.3 92.8 49.4 135.8 88.4 47.5 6.4 4.5 2.0

60 – 64 57.4 39.8 17.6 54.8 37.9 16.9 2.6 1.9 0.7

65 and Over 46.1 31.3 14.8 44.4 30.0 14.3 1.7 1.2 0.5

Note : Data may not add up to the total due to rounding. Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOM

5

AGE, ACTIVITY STATUS AND SEX, JUNE 20061.3 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY

Age (Years)Unemployed

SIN

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, 2007

In Thousands

Total Male Female Total Male Female

TOTAL 1,511.5 916.6 594.9 1,880.8 1,081.2 799.7

Primary and Below 373.6 243.4 130.2 295.7 178.0 117.7

Lower Secondary 212.7 150.5 62.3 236.7 153.5 83.2

Secondary 458.6 247.2 211.4 456.1 242.8 213.4

Upper Secondary1 175.1 95.6 79.5 236.6 127.4 109.1

Polytechnic Diploma 117.5 77.3 40.2 215.0 128.1 86.9

Degree 173.9 102.7 71.2 440.6 251.3 189.4

1 Upper Secondary includes other diploma and professional qualifications. Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOMNote : Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

6 1.4 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY HIGHEST QUALIFICATIONATTAINED AND SEX, 1996 AND 2006

(As At June)

Highest Qualification Attained1996 2006

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007

In Thousands


TOTAL 1,796.7 1,036.5 760.2 28.8 16.4 12.4 341.4 174.4 167.0

Manufacturing 301.7 191.3 110.4 1.3 0.6 0.7 42.9 25.6 17.2

Construction 95.0 77.8 17.2 0.1 0.1 − 7.5 4.5 3.0

Services 1,377.5 750.9 626.6 27.4 15.6 11.8 288.3 143.3 145.0

Wholesale and Retail Trade 301.1 161.1 140.0 5.2 1.6 3.6 45.8 20.1 25.7

Transport and Storage 174.0 134.8 39.2 0.7 0.3 0.4 21.2 10.5 10.8

Hotels and Restaurants 128.8 61.9 66.9 6.7 3.1 3.6 16.6 8.9 7.6

Information and Communications 74.8 44.9 29.9 0.8 0.2 0.6 20.3 10.3 9.9

Financial and Insurance Services 106.3 45.4 61.0 0.6 0.1 0.5 25.9 8.1 17.8

Real Estate, Renting and Leasing Activities 39.9 19.9 20.0 − − − 5.4 1.7 3.7

Professional, Scientific andTechnical Services 99.0 50.5 48.6 0.6 0.2 0.5 25.5 8.8 16.8

Administrative and Support Services 78.4 45.5 32.9 0.4 0.1 0.3 10.8 5.3 5.5

Public Administration andEducation Services 223.3 129.6 93.8 10.8 9.7 1.1 87.7 62.0 25.7

Health and Social Services 70.8 16.6 54.2 0.8 0.1 0.6 16.1 2.2 13.9

Other Community, Social and Personal Services 81.0 40.9 40.1 0.8 0.2 0.5 13.1 5.5 7.6

Others1 22.5 16.5 6.0 − − − 2.8 1.0 1.7

Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOM1 Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Mining and Quarrying, Utilities and Activities Not Adequately Defined.Notes : 1) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

2) Industries are classified according to the Singapore Standard Industrial Classification (SSIC) 2005.

15 – 19

1.5 EMPLOYED RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY INDUSTRY, AGE AND SEX, JUNE 2006

Total 20 – 29Industry (SSIC 2005)

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In Thousands

Person Male Female Person Male Female Person Male Female Person Male Female

TOTAL 479.1 262.1 217.0 509.1 301.3 207.8 339.0 214.4 124.7 99.2 67.9 31.2

Manufacturing 93.7 58.3 35.4 100.0 64.7 35.3 53.4 34.4 19.1 10.4 7.6 2.8

Construction 23.0 17.2 5.8 37.1 30.9 6.2 22.8 21.0 1.8 4.6 4.1 0.4

Services 356.6 182.5 174.2 366.1 201.1 165.0 256.6 153.8 102.8 82.4 54.7 27.8

Wholesale and Retail Trade 80.5 40.7 39.7 93.2 50.5 42.6 57.9 34.4 23.5 18.6 13.7 4.8

Transport and Storage 37.3 25.5 11.9 53.5 43.7 9.8 48.8 43.4 5.5 12.3 11.5 0.8

Hotels and Restaurants 19.4 10.1 9.3 37.7 17.8 19.9 35.1 15.1 20.0 13.4 6.9 6.5

Information and Communications 32.6 20.5 12.1 14.9 9.4 5.5 5.5 3.9 1.6 0.6 0.5 0.2

Financial and Insurance Services 38.9 16.7 22.2 25.8 12.2 13.6 12.4 6.4 6.0 2.8 1.9 0.9

Real Estate, Renting and Leasing Activities 10.7 4.2 6.5 12.8 8.0 4.7 8.6 4.5 4.2 2.3 1.5 0.8

Professional, Scientific andTechnical Services 34.6 18.3 16.3 24.4 13.6 10.8 11.1 7.5 3.6 2.7 2.3 0.5

Administrative and Support Services 14.9 7.9 7.0 19.4 11.7 7.7 20.2 12.8 7.4 12.8 7.8 5.0

Public Administration andEducation Services 53.1 25.6 27.5 40.2 17.2 23.0 25.9 12.1 13.8 5.7 3.0 2.7

Health and Social Services 17.6 4.5 13.1 19.1 4.7 14.4 13.0 3.5 9.5 4.4 1.6 2.8

Other Community, Social and Personal Services 17.1 8.6 8.5 25.2 12.3 12.9 18.0 10.2 7.8 6.9 4.1 2.7

Others1 5.8 4.1 1.7 5.9 4.5 1.4 6.2 5.2 1.0 1.8 1.6 0.3

Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOM1 Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Mining and Quarrying, Utilities and Activities Not Adequately Defined.Notes : 1) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

2) Industries are classified according to the Singapore Standard Industrial Classification (SSIC) 2005.

1.5 EMPLOYED RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY INDUSTRY, AGE AND SEX, JUNE 2006 (continued)

Industry (SSIC 2005)30 – 39

SIN

GA

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TICS

, 2007 8

40 – 49 60 and Over50 – 59

In Thousands


TOTAL 1,796.7 1,036.5 760.2 28.8 16.4 12.4 341.4 174.4 167.0

Managers, Working Proprietors and Senior Officials 268.9 185.6 83.3 − − − 16.0 7.1 9.0

Professionals 256.2 154.7 101.5 0.1 − − 64.0 30.0 33.9

Technicians and Associate Professionals 319.8 170.0 149.8 1.6 0.4 1.2 88.2 37.9 50.3

Clerical Workers 251.6 55.5 196.1 4.5 0.8 3.7 58.8 11.4 47.5

Service Workers, Shop and Market Sales Workers 215.7 110.8 104.9 10.4 3.8 6.6 41.9 22.0 19.9

Production Craftsmen and Related Workers 95.0 86.3 8.7 0.3 0.2 − 6.7 6.2 0.6

Plant & Machine Operators and Assemblers 173.3 133.6 39.7 0.6 0.3 0.3 10.1 6.9 3.2

Cleaners, Labourers and Related Workers 149.3 74.3 75.0 1.8 1.2 0.5 8.9 6.6 2.3

Others1 66.9 65.8 1.1 9.6 9.6 − 46.8 46.3 0.4

1 Includes Agricultural and Fishery Workers and Workers Not Classifiable By Occupation. Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOMNotes : 1) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

2) Occupations are classified according to the Singapore Standard Occupational Classification (SSOC) 2005.

Total 15 – 19 20 – 29

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1.6 EMPLOYED RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY OCCUPATION, AGE AND SEX, JUNE 2006

Occupation (SSOC 2005)

In Thousands

Person Male Female Person Male Female Person Male Female Person Male Female

TOTAL 479.1 262.1 217.0 509.1 301.3 207.8 339.0 214.4 124.7 99.2 67.9 31.2

Managers, Working Proprietors and Senior Officials 82.6 48.8 33.8 99.7 72.0 27.6 55.7 44.9 10.7 14.9 12.7 2.2

Professionals 110.9 71.5 39.4 55.7 35.8 19.8 21.5 14.3 7.2 4.1 3.0 1.0

Technicians and Associate Professionals 110.7 59.1 51.6 75.2 44.4 30.8 37.6 24.0 13.6 6.5 4.2 2.3

Clerical Workers 68.4 13.4 55.0 71.0 13.4 57.6 42.3 12.8 29.5 6.5 3.7 2.8

Service Workers, Shop and Market Sales Workers 40.1 20.3 19.8 58.3 28.2 30.1 47.7 25.1 22.6 17.4 11.4 6.0

Production Craftsmen and Related Workers 16.7 15.1 1.6 37.0 33.8 3.2 28.8 26.0 2.8 5.5 5.0 0.5

Plant & Machine Operators and Assemblers 29.6 19.8 9.8 64.6 48.9 15.7 55.3 45.5 9.8 13.2 12.2 1.0

Cleaners, Labourers and Related Workers 14.8 9.1 5.6 44.1 21.2 22.9 48.9 20.7 28.2 30.8 15.4 15.5

Others1 5.3 4.9 0.4 3.6 3.5 0.1 1.2 1.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 −

1 Includes Agricultural and Fishery Workers and Workers Not Classifiable By Occupation. Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOMNotes : 1) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

2) Occupations are classified according to the Singapore Standard Occupational Classification (SSOC) 2005.

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, 200710 1.6 EMPLOYED RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY OCCUPATION, AGE AND SEX, JUNE 2006 (continued)

Occupation (SSOC 2005)30 – 39 40 – 49 50 – 59 60 and Over

In Thousands

Total

Managers, Working

Proprietors and Senior

Officials

Profes-sionals

Technicians and Associate

Professionals

Clerical Workers

Service Workers, Shop and

Market Sales Workers

Production Craftsmen and

Related Workers

Plant & Machine Operators and

Assemblers

Cleaners, Labourers and

Related Workers

Others2

TOTAL 1,796.7 268.9 256.2 319.8 251.6 215.7 95.0 173.3 149.3 66.9Manufacturing 301.7 46.9 52.2 55.1 31.8 3.1 38.3 64.6 9.5 −Construction 95.0 20.1 11.0 9.5 9.9 0.6 30.1 6.4 7.4 −Services 1,377.5 198.8 190.4 248.9 207.1 211.1 25.5 100.3 129.7 65.7Wholesale and Retail Trade 301.1 79.8 16.2 34.7 48.7 88.5 6.4 16.2 10.6 0.1Transport and Storage 174.0 16.1 6.0 20.4 31.3 11.3 2.3 73.0 13.6 −Hotels and Restaurants 128.8 11.4 0.9 3.3 9.6 51.2 1.2 2.2 49.0 −Information and Communications 74.8 16.0 31.3 14.5 9.6 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.7 −Financial and Insurance Services 106.3 20.1 21.7 34.8 27.7 0.4 0.1 0.5 1.0 −Real Estate, Renting and − Leasing Activities 39.9 5.8 2.4 16.8 7.6 1.1 1.6 0.5 4.0 −Professional, Scientific and −

Technical Services 99.0 19.1 34.4 23.8 17.3 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.2 −Administrative and −

Support Services 78.4 8.3 2.4 6.0 10.6 20.9 0.8 1.9 27.6 −Public Administration and

Education Services 223.3 8.5 56.7 53.3 19.2 12.4 0.5 1.5 5.8 65.5Health and Social Services 70.8 3.5 12.2 30.6 14.7 3.5 0.4 0.5 5.3 −Other Community, Social and Personal Services 81.0 10.2 6.2 10.8 10.7 20.0 9.8 2.0 11.1 0.1Others1 22.5 3.0 2.6 6.3 2.8 0.9 1.2 2.0 2.6 1.2

1 Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Mining and Quarrying, Utilities and Activities Not Adequately Defined.2 Includes Agricultural and Fishery Workers and Workers Not Classifiable By Occupation.Notes : 1) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

2) The Industries and Occupations are classified according to the Singapore Standard Industrial Classification (SSIC) 2005 and Singapore Standard Occupation Classification (SSOC) 2005 respectively

11 S

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Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOM

1.7 EMPLOYED RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATION, JUNE 2006

Industry (SSIC 2005)

Per Cent

Total Male Female Total Male Female

Total 64.1 78.7 49.9 65.0 76.2 54.3

15 – 19 18.8 21.5 15.9 12.4 12.6 12.1

20 – 24 74.4 74.2 74.5 70.7 71.4 70.0

25 – 29 87.4 96.5 79.4 89.0 94.0 84.5

30 – 34 82.0 98.3 66.7 87.2 98.0 77.7

35 – 39 79.1 98.2 59.8 83.8 98.2 70.4

40 – 44 77.5 98.2 56.5 82.5 97.7 67.7

45 – 49 75.8 96.8 54.1 81.4 96.5 66.2

50 – 54 68.0 91.2 44.3 76.8 93.3 59.5

55 – 59 52.9 77.4 28.8 63.5 81.9 44.7

60 – 64 31.6 48.8 14.9 43.9 62.5 26.2

65 and Over 12.7 21.9 5.1 14.3 22.0 8.3

Source : Labour Force Survey of Singapore, MOMAge–Sex Specific Labour Force Participation Rate : Percentage of economically active persons to the total population in the same age group and sex

12 1.8 AGE–SEX SPECIFIC RESIDENT LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION RATES, 1996 AND 2006(As At June)

Age (Years)1996 2006

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TICS

, 2007

In Thousands

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 33.0 30.4 54.4 60.8 59.4 62.0 81.0 91.2 78.4 74.9 67.6

Sex

Males 20.8 18.5 33.1 36.4 37.0 38.7 48.2 52.7 46.2 40.8 37.3

Females 12.2 11.8 21.3 24.4 22.4 23.3 32.8 38.5 32.2 34.1 30.3

Age (Years)

15 – 29 14.0 13.1 20.0 20.7 18.0 20.0 25.1 28.7 25.9 24.3 21.6

30 – 39 8.2 7.1 13.9 15.6 15.1 15.6 19.6 22.5 16.9 15.5 15.3

40 – 49 6.6 6.6 13.5 15.0 16.6 15.4 21.6 23.9 19.2 18.2 15.6

50 and Over 4.2 3.6 7.0 9.5 9.8 10.9 14.7 16.1 16.4 16.8 15.1

Highest Qualification Attained

Primary and Below 9.4 8.3 14.0 15.8 16.5 14.7 17.4 17.9 14.3 13.1 11.0

Lower Secondary 5.3 5.8 11.9 12.0 11.2 10.6 13.5 15.9 13.2 13.0 11.0

Secondary 9.4 7.9 15.1 16.8 16.1 16.3 21.9 23.9 20.5 20.2 18.0

Upper Secondary1 2.4 2.3 2.8 4.4 5.1 5.4 7.6 9.8 8.5 10.4 8.8

Polytechnic Diploma 2.2 2.8 4.7 4.6 3.8 6.2 7.4 8.2 8.0 5.6 6.4

Degree 4.3 3.3 5.9 7.1 6.6 8.7 13.4 15.5 14.0 12.6 12.3

1 Upper Secondary includes other diploma and professional qualifications.Notes : 1) The annual average unemployment figures are simple averages

of the unemployment figures obtained at quarterly intervals. 2) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

Characteristics

13

1.9 UNEMPLOYED RESIDENTS AGED 15 YEARS AND OVER BY SEX, AGEAND HIGHEST QUALIFICATION ATTAINED, 1996 – 2006

(Annual Average)

Sources : Labour Force Survey, MOM except for June 2000 (Census of Population) and 2005 (General Household Survey), Singapore Department of Statistics

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, 2007

Per Cent

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 2.2 2.0 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.8 5.2 4.4 4.1 3.6

Sex

Males 2.3 2.0 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.8 5.1 4.5 3.9 3.4

Females 2.0 1.9 3.4 3.8 3.5 3.4 4.8 5.3 4.4 4.5 3.7

Age (Years)

15 – 29 3.4 3.2 5.1 5.2 4.6 5.1 6.6 7.3 6.7 6.2 5.4

30 – 39 1.7 1.5 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.9 4.5 3.5 3.1 3.0

40 – 49 1.6 1.6 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.4 4.6 4.9 3.8 3.6 3.0

50 and Over 1.9 1.5 2.7 3.4 3.4 3.5 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.1 3.4

Highest Qualification Attained

Primary and Below 2.5 2.3 4.0 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.8 5.8 5.0 4.5 3.8

Lower Secondary 2.4 2.5 4.7 5.0 5.2 4.7 6.0 6.8 5.5 5.9 4.6

Secondary 2.0 1.7 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.5 4.8 5.3 4.6 4.6 3.9

Upper Secondary1 1.4 1.5 1.9 2.8 2.3 3.0 3.9 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.6

Polytechnic Diploma 1.9 2.0 3.0 2.7 2.5 3.4 4.1 4.5 4.1 2.9 3.0

Degree 2.6 1.7 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.9 4.1 4.4 3.6 3.1 2.8

1 Upper Secondary includes other diploma and professional qualifications.Note : The annual unemployment rates

are simple averages of the unemployment rates obtained at quarterly intervals.

Characteristics


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, 2007

1.10 RESIDENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES BY SEX, AGE AND HIGHEST QUALIFICATION ATTAINED, 1996 – 2006(Annual Average)

14

Per Cent

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Overall (Annual Average) 1.7 1.4 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.7 3.6 4.0 3.4 3.1 2.7

Seasonally Adjusted

March 1.8 1.4 1.7 3.1 2.8 1.9 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.3 2.6

June 1.8 1.5 2.0 2.9 3.6 2.2 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.4 2.7

September 1.4 1.3 3.0 2.8 1.9 2.7 3.5 4.7 2.9 3.2 2.7

December 1.5 1.5 3.3 2.4 2.2 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.1 2.6 2.6

Residents (Annual Average) 2.2 2.0 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.8 5.2 4.4 4.1 3.6

Seasonally Adjusted

March 2.3 1.9 2.4 4.2 3.9 2.6 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.4 3.5

June 2.3 1.9 2.7 3.9 4.9 3.1 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.4 3.5

September 1.9 1.8 4.2 3.8 2.6 3.8 4.8 6.1 3.9 4.3 3.6

December 2.0 2.1 4.6 3.2 3.0 5.1 4.9 5.2 4.2 3.4 3.6

Note : 1) The annual unemployment rates are simple averages of the non–seasonally adjusted unemployment rates obtained at quarterly intervals.

15

1.11 ANNUAL AND QUARTERLY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, 1996 – 2006

Period


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, 2007


WAGES

Source of Data

Statistics on the average monthly earnings are compiled based on the payroll of Central Provident Fund (CPF) contributors. Statistics on occupational wages are compiled from the Occupational Wage Survey conducted by the CPF Board on behalf of the Ministry of Manpower. This survey covers the wages of CPF contributors in a sample of private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. More detailed statistics are published in the “Report on Wages in Singapore”. Statistics on total wage increase, basic wage increase and variable component are compiled from the Survey on Annual Wage Changes conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department of the Ministry of Manpower. The data pertain to full–time private sector employees on the CPF scheme who have been with the establishment for at least a year. The survey covers a sample of private sector establishments each with at least 10 employees.

Guidelines on wage increase are provided annually by the

National Wages Council (NWC). The NWC, established in February 1972, is a tripartite body comprising representatives from government, employers and employees. Although its recommendations are not mandatory, they are widely accepted and followed. Statistical Note Occupations captured in Table 2.3 are those with relatively large number of CPF contributors covered in the Occupational Wage Survey. It should be noted that wages are determined by a number of factors including the scope, responsibilities and working conditions of the job; and the productivity, qualifications, skills, experience and innate ability of the workers. The state of the labour market in terms of the demand and supply factors also has a strong influence on the wages paid. Statistics on labour cost are compiled from the Labour Cost Survey conducted biennially by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department of the Ministry of Manpower. The survey covers private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector.


Concepts and Definitions Nominal monthly earnings refer to all remuneration received before deduction of the employee’s CPF contributions and personal income tax. They include basic wage, overtime payments, commissions, allowances and other monetary payments, annual wage supplement (AWS) and variable bonuses but exclude employer’s CPF contributions. Monthly basic wage refers to the monthly basic pay before deductions of the employee’s CPF contributions and personal income tax. It excludes overtime payments, commissions, bonuses, employer’s CPF contributions, allowances (e.g. shift, food, housing and transport), other monetary payments and payment-in-kind.

Monthly gross wage refers to all remuneration received by an employee before deductions of the employee’s CPF contributions and personal income tax. It includes overtime payments, commissions, allowances (e.g. shift, food, housing and transport) and other regular cash payments; but excludes employer’s CPF contributions, bonuses, other lump sum payments and payment-in-kind.

Mean wage refers to the sum of wages of all employees in a specified group divided by the group size.

Median wage refers to the wage where half of the employees earn below and half earn above that amount. Variable component usually consists of 2 components, namely the Annual Wage Supplement and variable bonuses. Total wage increase refers to the increase in total wage which is the sum of annual basic wage and variable component.

Total labour cost consists of the following components: Total remuneration, including basic wage, overtime payments, commissions, bonuses and other regular cash payments (e.g. transport and meals allowance); employer’s CPF contributions; levies (e.g. Skills Development Fund and foreign workers’ levies); medical cost; workmen’s compensation and life insurance; net training cost (i.e. net amount incurred on training after deducting cost recovered from the Skills Development Fund) and other labour costs (e.g. payment-in-kind, paid or subsidised trips, recruitment cost).


19

2.1 NATIONAL WAGES COUNCIL (NWC) GUIDELINES FOR 2007/2008

Economic and Labour Market Performance in 2006 1. In 2006, the economy grew strongly by 7.9%, up from 6.6% in 2005. All major sectors registered positive growth during the year, led by manufacturing, wholesale & retail trade and financial services. 2. On the back of the strong economic growth, the labour market continued to strengthen. A record 176,000 jobs were added, surpassing 2005’s gains of 113,300. All major sectors registered employment growth and the seasonally-adjusted unemployment rate remained at 2.6 per cent in December 2006. Productivity, Wages and Inflation 3. Labour productivity rose by 1.2% in 2006, down from an increase of 2.1% in 2005. The moderation was due to the stronger employment creation compared to the previous year. Wholesale & retail, manufacturing, transport & storage and financial services saw gains in productivity while the other sectors registered declines. 4. The consumer price index (CPI) rose by 1.0% in 2006, following a 0.5% gain in the previous year. 5. Total wages rose by 4.5% in 2006, slightly higher than the 4.3% in 2005. This was the result of a basic wage gain of 3.6%, as against 3.1% in 2005 and an increase in bonus payout from 2.06 months in 2005 to 2.18 months in 2006. After adjusting for the increase in CPI, real total wage rose by 3.5% in 2006, lower than 3.8% in 2005. Real basic wage rose by 2.6% in 2006, the same as in 20051. Cost Competitiveness 6. In 2006, Singapore's unit labour cost continued to decline. The unit labour cost for the overall economy and manufacturing sector fell by 0.5% and 3.6% respectively. However, measured against Singapore’s key competitors, the relative unit labour cost for the manufacturing sector increased slightly by 1.5% after four consecutive years of decline. Nevertheless it remained lower than the level in 2004. Outlook for 2007 7. The Singapore economy grew by 6.1% in the first quarter of 2007. The labour market also continued to strengthen. Preliminary estimates show that employment grew strongly by 48,000 in the first quarter of 2007, higher than the gains of 45,000 in the same period a year ago. The seasonally adjusted overall unemployment rate was 2.9% in March 2007, an increase from 2.6% in December 2006. The rise in unemployment rate reflects more people entering the labour market in response to the favourable economic conditions. 8. The economic outlook for 2007 is generally healthy but some downside risks remain. These include a sharp slowdown in the US economy, vulnerability of oil prices to supply shocks

1 2006 Survey on Annual Wage Changes conducted by MOM.


and a disorderly unwinding of global unbalances. Taking these factors into consideration, the Ministry of Trade & Industry (MTI) has forecast 2007 growth to be in the range of 5% to 7%. CPI inflation is projected to come in at 0.5% to 1.5%. The Ministry of Manpower expects employment creation to continue to be robust in 2007, in tandem with healthy economic growth. NWC Guidelines for 2007/2008 (A) Wage increase for good performance 9. In the light of the strong economic performance in 2006, the positive outlook for 2007 and the tightening labour market, the NWC recommends that companies should grant wage increase to workers for their contributions to good corporate and economic performance. However, built-in wage increase should continue to be sustainable in the long run and lag behind productivity growth. Where a built-in wage increase may not be sustainable, companies could moderate the increase and grant workers higher variable bonuses. Wage increase and bonus payment should be more closely linked to company and individual performance. 10. Companies performing exceptionally well should consider giving one-off special bonuses to workers. 11. The NWC also notes that the employers’ CPF contribution rate will be raised by 1.5 percentage points2 from 1 July 2007. This will enable workers to benefit from economic growth and to help them build up their CPF savings. In granting wage increases, companies should take into account the 1.5 percentage point restoration in employers’ CPF contribution as well as the lower CPF contribution rates for older low wage workers as such contributions are part of the overall wage package. Enhance productivity to sustain wages and cost competitiveness 12. Productivity improvement is key to sustainable wage increases. The NWC notes that in 2006, the growth in wages exceeded productivity gains for the second consecutive year. However, cumulatively since 1997, productivity growth still outpaced increases in real total and basic wages, though the gap has narrowed. The NWC therefore urges employers and unions/workers to work together to enhance productivity and innovation, so that we can sustain increases in output and wages whilst maintaining our cost competitiveness. 13. To improve productivity, training and skills upgrading are crucial. The NWC notes that the WDA together with NTUC have been building up the continuing education and training infrastructure for adult workers. All workers, whether they are low-skilled workers or professionals, managers, executives and technicians (PMETs), are encouraged to take advantage of this to upgrade themselves and keep pace with the changes in the economy. (B) Employ older workers and re-employ those above age 62 14. The NWC strongly supports the recommendations in the final report of the Tripartite Committee on Employability of Older Workers which was released on 17 May 2007. 2 The employer’s CPF contribution increase will not apply to workers earning $1,500 or less a month and aged above 35 years.


21

The Council also welcomes the Government’s decision to adopt the Committee’s recommendation to introduce legislative changes to facilitate opportunities for older workers to work beyond age 62. 15. Over the next few years, before legislation is introduced, the NWC urges companies and unions to work together to implement policies and programmes to recruit and retain more older workers and re-employ those workers beyond the age of 62, by adopting the Tripartite Guidelines on the Employability of Older Workers above age 62. The NWC also urges companies to move to job-based, competency-based and/or performance-based wage systems3 so that workers are rewarded according to the value of the job and their contribution. Companies should also embark on job redesign to make jobs more suitable for older workers and encourage them to upgrade their skills and enhance their employability. (C) Help low wage and informal workers 16. The NWC supports the Government’s efforts to help low wage workers through implementing the Workfare Income Supplement (WIS). The WIS and CPF changes will help but cannot address all the challenges faced by low wage workers. The NWC notes that many unionized companies have implemented the Council’s recommendation to grant higher wage increases to low wage workers. To further help these workers, the Council recommends the following:

a. In granting wage increases, companies to give higher increases to low wage workers. This could be done by specifying a higher percentage increase and/or by including a dollar quantum for built-in wage increases. They could also apply the same principle for the payment of variable bonuses.

b. Employers and unions work with the government in a tripartite effort to reach out

to and help self-employed and low wage/informal workers understand the benefits of WIS, and help them contribute to their CPF so that they can be eligible for WIS.

c. The tripartite partners continue to work together to help low wage/informal

workers upgrade their skills and enhance their job value and job security through job re-creation. Emphasis should be placed on those working in SMEs4, older workers and contract workers, so that they continue to be employable and their earning capacity can be enhanced.

d. Companies outsourcing work to implement best sourcing based on standards

and performance and not just price alone. This would achieve sustainable value for money and avoid compromising on quality and workers’ wages.

3 Job-based wage system focuses on responsibilities of the job while competency-based wage system focuses on the ability of the individual worker to do the job. A performance-based wage system looks at how well the worker performs on the job. 4 MOM’s 2005 survey on Employer Supported Training showed that larger establishments (96% for establishments with 250 and more employers) were more likely to provide training than those smaller (66% for establishments with 25-99 employees).


(D) Flexible and performance-based wage systems 17. The NWC also urges companies to step up implementation of flexible wage systems to ensure sustained competitiveness. 18. The Council notes that the max-min salary ratio for rank-and-file workers has come down from more than 2.0 in the 1980s, to 1.85 in the 1990s and to the current 1.54. However, for junior management, the ratio has remained high at 1.72 in December 2006. Workers should be paid according to the value of the job and the performance of the individual and the company. The NWC recommends that companies continue to narrow the max-min ratio to 1.5 or below. 19. In addition, companies should leverage on the positive economic climate to introduce and build up the Monthly Variable Component (MVC) in their wage structure. The Council notes that the adoption of the MVC has only improved slightly last year. In December 2006, 37.2% of employees were in companies that implemented MVC compared to 36.0% in December 2005. These companies had set aside an average of 9.0% of monthly basic wages as MVC in 2006, up from 8.1% in 2005 and close to the 10% target. Adoption rate of MVC amongst non-unionised companies, however, continues to be low5. The NWC therefore recommends that companies granting built-in wage increase should use the increases to build up the MVC. Companies that have already achieved 10% MVC could consider building up the MVC further. 20. The NWC notes that progress has been made in linking rewards to company and individual performance through use of appropriate key performance indicators (KPIs). In December 2006, more than 50% of the workforce was rewarded this way. Share company information with employees 21. With the wider implementation of flexible and performance based wage systems where reward is closely linked to company’s performance, the practice of information sharing with employees is even more critical. This practice helps to strengthen trust between companies and workers, as information on corporate performance and KPIs are used to determine rewards for workers. The NWC reiterates the importance of this practice. Application of NWC’s Recommendations 22. The NWC recommendations cover the period from 1 July 2007 to 30 June 2008. 23. These recommendations are applicable to all employees – management, executives and rank-and-file employees, unionized and non-unionised companies in both the public and private sectors. 5 75.0% of employees in unionized companies were in companies that implemented MVC in Dec 2006, compared to 73.1% in Dec 2005. Meanwhile 17.4% of employees in non-unionised companies were in companies that implemented MVC in Dec 2006, compared to 17.1% in Dec 2005


23

Conclusion 24. With the good economic performance, positive economic outlook as well as the strong labour market, companies should reward workers with wage increases and bonuses. At the same time, companies and workers should enhance productivity and innovation and push ahead with wage restructuring to increase flexibility and responsiveness. 25. As the labour market tightens, companies should do more to employ and retain more older workers and encourage more women to enter the workforce. Vulnerable segments of the workforce, in particular, low wage/informal workers, should benefit from the fruits of economic prosperity. This will require concerted effort from government, unions and employers to help such workers be eligible for WIS to supplement their income and savings, but more importantly to upgrade their skills, enhance their employability and earn higher wages over time. With our strong tripartite cooperation built up over the years, the NWC is confident that this can be achieved while sustaining our economic competitiveness. 26. The NWC looks forward to the Government’s acceptance of its recommendations. National Wages Council 23 May 2007

Percentage Change Over Previous Year

2005 2006 2006

TOTAL 3,444 3,554 3.2

Manufacturing 3,495 3,618 3.5

Construction 2,513 2,517 0.2

Services 3,498 3,615 3.3

Wholesale and Retail Trade 3,017 3,101 2.8

Transport and Storage 3,507 3,525 0.5

Hotels and Restaurants 1,360 1,381 1.5

Information and Communications 4,553 4,745 4.2

Financial Services 5,949 6,291 5.7

Real Estate and Leasing Services 2,732 3,053 11.7

Professional Services 4,231 4,383 3.6

Administrative and Support Services 2,196 2,238 1.9

Community, Social and Personal Services 3,704 3,831 3.4

Notes : 1) Monthly earnings refer to all remuneration received before deduction of the Source : Central Provident Fund Board employee's CPF contributions and personal income tax. They include basic wage,

overtime payments, commissions, allowances and other monetary payments, annual wage supplement (AWS) and variable bonuses but exclude employer's CPF contributions 2) Data pertain to all full-time and part–time employees who contribute to the CPF. All identifiable self–employed persons are excluded 3) Changes in earnings data can be influenced by overtime

and compositional changes in the workforce e.g. between part–time and full–time employees

24 2.2 AVERAGE (MEAN) MONTHLY EARNINGS PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY, 2005 – 2006

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, 2007

Singapore DollarsIndustry (SSIC 2005)

Singapore Dollars

2005 2006 2005 2006

TOTAL 3,962 4,081 2,865 2,966

Manufacturing 4,111 4,218 2,563 2,682

Construction 2,759 2,774 1,950 1,931

Services 4,041 4,178 2,965 3,067

Wholesale and Retail Trade 3,558 3,677 2,439 2,497

Transport and Storage 3,780 3,790 2,974 2,999

Hotels and Restaurants 1,533 1,551 1,210 1,232

Information and Communications 5,134 5,335 3,862 4,042

Financial Services 7,776 8,231 4,769 5,039

Real Estate and Leasing Services 3,013 3,322 2,439 2,763

Professional Services 5,031 5,208 3,481 3,615

Administrative and Support Services 2,311 2,369 2,060 2,084

Community, Social and Personal Services 4,439 4,622 3,136 3,236

Notes : 1) Monthly earnings refer to all remuneration received before deduction of the Source : Central Provident Fund Board employee's CPF contributions and personal income tax. They include basic wage,

overtime payments, commissions, allowances and other monetary payments, annual wage supplement (AWS) and variable bonuses but exclude employer's CPF contributions 2) Data pertain to all full–time and part–time employees who contribute to the CPF. All identifiable self–employed persons are excluded 3) Changes in earnings data can be influenced by overtime

and compositional changes in the workforce e.g. between part–time and full–time employees

25 S

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Females

2.3 AVERAGE (MEAN) MONTHLY EARNINGS PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY AND SEX, 2005 – 2006

MalesIndustry (SSIC 2005)

1 MANAGERS 31,040 7,160 5,586 7,588 5,810

12332 Administration manager 619 4,788 4,240 4,979 4,385

12350 Advertising and public relations manager 282 5,723 4,727 5,878 4,731

12331 Budgeting and financial accounting manager 2,121 6,349 5,610 6,588 5,772

12312 Building and construction project manager 894 4,525 4,160 4,756 4,400

12391 Business development manager 804 6,291 5,365 6,731 5,600

12102 Company director 3,440 9,844 8,692 10,440 9,000

12333 Corporate planning manager 97 6,508 5,300 6,883 5,348

12351 Creative director (Advertising) 25 8,366 6,000 8,366 6,000

12322 Customer service manager 1,029 5,820 4,533 6,237 4,960

12398 Engineering manager 862 6,351 6,083 6,591 6,261

1220 General Manager 2,634 12,435 10,500 13,657 11,200

12324 Hotel service manager 59 3,122 3,062 3,283 3,106

12904 Karaoke pub manager (including disco and nightclubs) 26 3,036 2,985 3,127 3,117

12397 Legal service manager 62 8,273 6,990 8,775 7,304

12902 Lodging services manager 158 3,330 2,730 3,472 2,889

12395 Logistics manager 281 5,637 5,100 6,011 5,320

12101 Managing director 1,079 14,139 11,558 15,106 12,000

Note : Data pertain to full–time employees in private sector establishments Source : Occupational Wage Survey, MOM each with at least 25 workers who contribute to CPF.

Mean Median

2.4 MONTHLY BASIC AND GROSS WAGES OF SELECTED OCCUPATIONS IN ALL INDUSTRIES, JUNE 2006

Occupation Number Covered

Basic Wage ($)

Mean Median

SSOC 2005

Gross Wage ($)

26 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

12311 Manufacturing plant and production manager 1,693 5,474 5,000 5,785 5,20012325 Marketing manager 1,111 5,863 5,000 6,174 5,19112310 Operations manager 1,444 5,149 4,584 5,559 4,77612317 Operations manager (Finance) 3,820 7,664 6,250 8,080 6,35012341 Personnel / Human resource manager 604 6,096 5,200 6,385 5,38812393 Premises maintenance manager 174 5,183 4,600 5,443 4,77512315 Procurement manager 336 5,609 5,000 5,903 5,14312392 Property / Estate manager 252 4,562 4,005 4,670 4,20012314 Quality assurance manager 354 5,906 5,460 6,244 5,71012360 Research and development manager 178 6,675 6,000 6,879 6,18712903 Restaurant and other catering services manager 447 2,518 2,200 2,661 2,31012334 Risk management manager 94 8,592 7,500 8,886 7,50012321 Sales manager 3,078 5,378 4,500 6,063 5,00012396 Shipping manager 195 5,041 4,500 5,222 4,57212901 Shop sales manager 635 2,490 2,330 3,053 2,69012394 Technical manager 496 6,001 5,400 6,428 5,80012343 Training manager 144 6,124 5,455 6,342 5,58512313 Transport operations manager 747 4,755 4,000 5,245 4,40912316 Warehousing manager 150 3,962 3,605 4,196 3,800

Source : Occupational Wage Survey, MOM

2.4 MONTHLY BASIC AND GROSS WAGES OF SELECTED OCCUPATIONS IN ALL INDUSTRIES, JUNE 2006 (continued)

Gross Wage ($)

Median

SSOC 2005

Median


Basic Wage ($)

MeanMean

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 27

2 PROFESSIONALS 25,132 4,196 3,650 4,596 3,870

24101 Accountant 1,081 3,866 3,662 3,947 3,721

24902 Advertising account executive 79 2,348 2,150 2,369 2,200

29313 Advertising copywriter 26 4,708 4,300 4,708 4,300

25011 Advocate and solicitor 208 7,805 5,700 8,078 6,040

21455 Aeronautical engineer 790 4,313 4,031 5,367 4,903

21457 Air-conditioning and refrigeration engineer 50 3,017 2,900 3,150 2,974

21331 Application programmer 551 3,591 3,286 3,713 3,400

21445 Audio and video equipment engineer 316 3,328 3,123 3,377 3,158

24102 Auditor (Accounting) 730 3,165 3,300 3,205 3,300

21473 Automation engineer 24 2,961 2,840 3,360 3,176

21456 Automotive engineer 20 3,497 3,300 3,593 3,400

22111 Biologist 45 5,559 5,490 5,638 5,623

21491 Biomedical engineer 18 3,824 3,725 3,858 3,725

21411 Building architect 132 4,761 4,400 4,870 4,400

21423 Building construction engineer 208 3,281 3,038 3,419 3,200

24904 Business analyst 329 5,126 4,300 5,244 4,360

24903 Business management consultant 112 5,464 5,130 5,831 5,374


Mean Median


SSOC 2005

Basic Wage ($)


Mean Median

Gross Wage ($)

28 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

21447 CAD CAM engineer 140 3,509 3,035 3,798 3,411

21461 Chemical engineer 152 3,556 3,210 3,931 3,582

21463 Chemical engineer (Petrochemicals) 18 3,414 3,040 3,727 3,397

21462 Chemical engineer (Petroleum) 50 5,420 4,863 5,563 5,208

21130 Chemist 172 4,442 3,300 4,841 3,718

21421 Civil engineer 613 3,674 3,200 3,934 3,417

21311 Computer and information systems manager 1,036 6,297 5,829 6,486 5,978

21443 Computer engineer 335 3,533 3,300 3,736 3,400

21312 Computer operations and network manager 174 6,154 5,600 6,387 5,866

24202 Credit analyst 50 5,249 3,445 5,494 3,578

21342 Database administrator 71 4,148 3,850 4,299 4,000

29320 Editor (Newspapers and periodicals) 34 5,414 5,195 5,512 5,195

29331 Editor (Radio, television and video) 19 4,986 4,520 5,152 4,520

21431 Electrical engineer 540 3,521 3,200 3,754 3,500

21441 Electronics engineer 1,781 4,026 3,820 4,139 3,935

24201 Financial analyst 249 4,661 4,189 4,797 4,240

21498 Food and drink technologist 35 3,097 2,668 3,277 2,668

22211 General physician 552 3,997 3,552 4,905 4,657


Mean

Number Covered


SSOC 2005

Gross Wage ($)

Occupation

Mean

Basic Wage ($)

MedianMedian

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 29

21483 Hydrographic surveyor 57 5,417 5,160 8,836 8,960

21493 Industrial health, safety and environment engineer 53 5,029 4,375 5,426 5,023

21452 Industrial machinery and tools engineer 328 3,357 3,250 3,738 3,524

21391 Information technology auditor 15 4,175 3,960 4,220 3,960

21393 Information technology quality assurance specialist 40 3,138 2,967 3,187 3,000

21392 Information technology security specialist 39 4,160 4,072 4,258 4,072

21446 Instrumentation engineer 171 4,342 4,000 4,614 4,220

29300 Journalist 55 3,546 3,158 3,711 3,158

21482 Land surveyor 42 3,085 2,900 3,315 3,125

25012 Lawyer (except advocate and solicitor) 85 5,546 5,000 5,838 5,000

25013 Legal officer 148 7,627 6,490 7,892 6,637

29121 Librarian 10 3,539 3,172 3,616 3,220

21433 Lift engineer 55 3,219 2,935 3,397 3,310

21471 Manufacturing engineer 490 3,490 3,201 3,684 3,405

21453 Marine engineer 188 3,557 2,810 4,620 3,433

24901 Market research analyst 77 3,636 3,325 3,785 3,516

21492 Materials engineer 22 4,332 3,577 4,787 3,652

21451 Mechanical engineer 1,010 3,733 3,503 4,008 3,793


SSOC 2005

Number Covered

Basic Wage ($)

MeanMean MedianMedian

Occupation


Gross Wage ($)

30 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

22124 Medical pathologist 77 4,713 4,284 4,867 4,389

29233 Medical social worker 54 2,926 2,775 2,960 2,792

21333 Multi-media programmer 44 3,259 3,200 3,327 3,271

21454 Naval architect 19 4,116 3,500 4,399 3,644

21341 Network and computer systems administrator 474 3,289 3,037 3,398 3,153

21322 Network systems and data communication analyst 213 3,665 3,177 3,844 3,295

21212 Operations research analyst 15 3,265 3,390 3,272 3,390

21494 Petroleum and natural gas engineer 26 3,559 2,925 4,421 3,580

2224 Pharmacist 135 3,316 3,024 3,716 3,492

21432 Power generation and distribution engineer 36 3,722 3,912 3,961 4,102

29391 Producer (Stage, film, television and radio) 121 3,311 3,050 3,371 3,050

21472 Production engineer 414 3,722 3,464 3,994 3,700

29293 Psychologist 24 3,166 2,837 3,166 2,837

21474 QC engineer 553 3,624 3,350 3,822 3,508

21496 Quantity surveyor 445 3,091 3,000 3,145 3,000

21444 Semi-conductor engineer 1,280 3,655 3,415 3,977 3,850

29231 Social worker 46 2,305 2,303 2,307 2,303

21323 Software engineer 871 3,635 3,445 3,724 3,500


Gross Wage ($)

Median MedianMean

SSOC 2005

Mean


Basic Wage ($)


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 31

22213 Specialised surgeon 587 8,846 8,800 15,035 12,750

21221 Statistician 12 3,400 3,274 3,450 3,364

21422 Structural engineer 134 3,835 3,500 4,117 3,671

21321 Systems designer and analyst 1,922 3,912 3,743 4,044 3,824

21332 Systems programmer 132 3,131 2,935 3,265 3,100

21442 Telecommunications engineer 616 4,440 4,272 4,668 4,449

24204 Treasury manager 139 7,679 6,667 8,472 7,600

3 TECHNICIANS AND ASSOCIATE PROFESSIONALS 54,602 2,869 2,497 3,310 2,781

34301 Advertising salesman 26 2,334 2,000 2,365 2,150

31242 Aeronautical engineering technician 1,098 3,501 3,263 5,063 5,057

34213 After sales service adviser 561 2,866 2,635 3,714 3,268

31595 Air cargo officer 278 2,322 2,135 3,055 2,982

31561 Air transport service supervisor 417 3,082 3,221 3,685 3,620

31244 Air-conditioning and refrigeration engineering technician 65 2,075 2,160 2,403 2,544

34231 Appraiser and valuer 15 3,198 2,709 3,198 2,709

31275 Architectural draughtsman 214 2,609 2,700 2,744 2,794

34110 Assistant accountant 153 2,800 2,727 2,891 2,809

31005 Assistant chemical engineer 55 2,267 1,988 3,437 2,754


SSOC 2005 Occupation


Median

Basic Wage ($) Gross Wage ($)

Mean Mean Median

Number Covered

32 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

31001 Assistant civil and structural engineer 49 3,180 2,800 3,251 2,800

31002 Assistant electrical engineer 169 3,016 2,621 3,225 2,968

31003 Assistant electronics engineer 824 2,936 3,257 3,224 3,470

31006 Assistant manufacturing engineer 239 2,216 2,100 2,654 2,500

31004 Assistant mechanical engineer 318 2,567 2,169 2,862 2,430

31235 Audio and video equipment technician 251 1,754 1,688 3,119 3,096

31243 Automotive engineering technician 77 1,817 1,640 2,507 2,315

34246 Bank officer 3,076 3,440 3,100 3,703 3,333

31213 Building technician 396 2,152 2,063 2,392 2,286

34221 Buyer 352 2,688 2,473 3,023 2,575

31251 Chemical engineering technician 126 2,216 2,076 3,919 3,996

31253 Chemical engineering technician (Petrochemicals) 36 1,679 1,598 2,362 2,281

31101 Chemistry technician 411 2,231 1,850 3,011 2,528

31511 Chief engineer officer (Ship) 14 2,139 1,820 2,350 2,050

32314 Chinese physician 45 2,561 2,160 2,561 2,200

31274 Civil and structural engineering draughtsman 152 2,857 2,700 2,982 2,830

31211 Civil engineering technician 114 2,317 2,300 2,500 2,500

34303 Clearing and forwarding agent 42 4,942 4,500 5,128 4,500



Gross Wage ($)Number Covered

Mean Median Mean Median


Basic Wage ($)

33 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

31215 Clerk of works 162 3,049 3,075 3,452 3,248

39531 Commercial artist 20 2,698 2,500 2,698 2,500

34150 Commodities futures broker 57 11,136 9,500 11,136 9,500

31300 Computer systems operator 317 2,113 2,100 2,339 2,240

31233 Computer technician 161 1,890 1,750 2,132 2,000

34401 Corporate planning / affairs executive 73 2,756 2,500 2,768 2,510

34242 Credit officer 250 3,275 2,627 3,444 2,795

31713 Customer service executive (including guest relations) 2,589 2,511 2,301 2,668 2,448

32251 Dietician 33 2,737 2,584 2,897 2,627

39533 Display artist 38 2,054 1,840 2,224 2,106

31271 Draughtsman 134 2,400 2,353 2,521 2,500

31273 Electrical / Electronics draughtsman 73 1,995 1,900 2,194 2,085

3122 Electrical engineering technician 709 2,129 2,048 2,490 2,375

31231 Electronics engineering technician 2,092 1,962 1,850 2,708 2,698

32265 Enrolled / Assistant nurse 884 1,783 1,661 2,016 1,820

31621 Environment health inspector 17 2,905 2,402 3,093 2,500

39227 Executive secretary 1,044 3,729 3,583 3,784 3,601

34241 Exhibition / Convention organiser / co-ordinator 31 2,034 1,950 2,056 1,956


MedianMean

Occupation

Median


SSOC 2005

Gross Wage ($)Number Covered

Basic Wage ($)

Mean

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200734

39520 Fashion and garment designer 20 1,767 1,533 1,911 1,795

34140 Financial futures dealer and broker 20 11,306 8,348 13,449 8,348

34244 Financial planner 138 2,806 2,250 2,806 2,315

31611 Fire and safety officer 296 2,769 2,500 3,121 3,000

31594 Flight operations officer 226 4,533 4,417 4,640 4,470

34130 Foreign exchange dealer and broker 125 8,692 5,970 9,397 6,080

39534 Graphic designer 180 2,368 2,200 2,460 2,354

32121 Horticultural technician 10 2,086 2,115 2,231 2,165

32263 Industrial nurse 13 3,525 3,230 3,870 3,490

31236 Instrumentation technician 40 2,383 2,344 3,202 3,214

34170 Insurance sales agent and broker 76 3,014 2,850 3,128 2,850

34180 Insurance underwriter 195 3,206 3,100 3,264 3,100

31214 Land surveying technician 12 2,330 2,330 2,631 2,648

33201 Language school teacher 82 1,981 1,700 1,998 1,700

31245 Machining and tooling technician 67 2,153 2,000 2,790 2,637

39221 Management executive 4,918 2,898 2,700 3,002 2,779

31261 Manufacturing engineering technician 151 1,998 1,890 2,463 2,350

31276 Marine draughtsman 22 1,643 1,227 1,783 1,422


Median


Mean Median

SSOC 2005 Occupation Number

Covered


Mean

35 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

31512 Marine engineer officer 11 2,077 1,750 2,404 1,850

31513 Marine superintendent engineer 36 5,170 4,064 5,312 4,255

32242 Masseur (Medical) 19 1,196 1,150 1,199 1,160

31272 Mechanical draughtsman 118 2,557 2,486 2,751 2,631

31241 Mechanical engineering technician 1,553 2,189 2,085 2,796 2,707

32301 Medical diagnostic radiographer 146 3,227 2,889 3,460 3,261

32111 Medical science technician 531 2,657 2,441 2,964 2,737

32264 Midwife 81 2,617 2,672 2,922 2,970

39535 Multi-media artist and animator 44 2,123 2,030 2,199 2,030

32230 Occupational therapist 54 2,735 2,571 2,738 2,571

31714 Operations executive (including warehousing and shipping executive) 1,902 2,754 2,575 2,874 2,665

32212 Optician 36 1,729 1,600 2,260 2,153

32211 Optometrist 62 2,754 2,659 3,118 2,857

34403 Paralegal (w/o law degree) 36 2,834 2,432 2,878 2,432

34245 Personal banker 295 2,512 2,200 4,540 3,567

39222 Personnel / Human resource officer 873 3,039 2,855 3,121 2,936

31294 Petroleum and natural gas extraction technician 159 2,645 2,607 3,229 3,172

32290 Pharmaceutical assistant / dispenser 234 1,479 1,131 1,602 1,301



Median

Gross Wage ($)SSOC 2005

MeanMedian


Basic Wage ($)

Mean

36 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

39570 Physical fitness instructor 20 1,734 1,500 1,803 1,593

32220 Physiotherapist 110 2,766 2,600 2,868 2,686

31612 Premises maintenance officer 283 2,524 2,330 2,654 2,450

33110 Pre-primary education teacher 2,334 1,326 1,279 1,370 1,300

31712 Production coordinator (including production planner / scheduler) 760 3,062 2,850 3,235 3,000

31262 Production engineering technician 580 2,012 1,669 3,041 2,778

31711 Production executive 397 2,996 2,890 3,213 3,100

39532 Products designer 56 2,433 2,300 2,550 2,416

32261 Professional nurse 2,253 2,471 2,200 2,832 2,564

39550 Professional sportsman 42 1,364 954 2,162 1,690

31715 Property management executive 235 2,685 2,500 2,805 2,621

39225 Public relations officer 138 2,867 2,700 2,919 2,700

34222 Purchasing agent 743 2,883 2,724 3,003 2,800

31265 Quality assurance technician 377 2,063 1,830 2,679 2,431

31298 Quantity surveying technician 65 1,782 1,625 1,941 1,950

34200 Real estate agent 44 2,810 2,700 3,669 3,068

39212 Research officer 499 3,544 3,100 3,604 3,159

31563 Road transport service supervisor 48 1,999 1,830 2,103 1,909


Number Covered

Basic Wage ($)

Median

Occupation

Gross Wage ($)

Mean Mean Median

SSOC 2005


37 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

39228 Sales and marketing executive 2,022 2,747 2,500 2,917 2,679

34212 Sales representative (Medical and pharmaceutical products) 109 2,682 2,698 3,808 3,345

34211 Sales representative (Technical) 1,876 3,181 2,752 3,985 3,244

34120 Securities dealer and broker 134 8,617 7,000 8,885 7,000

31234 Semi-conductor technician 473 1,946 1,850 2,742 2,710

32262 Specialised nurse 427 3,151 3,146 3,426 3,285

32241 Speech therapist 14 2,861 2,697 2,886 2,733

39560 Sports coach 29 3,134 2,884 3,195 3,018

39211 Statistical officer 10 3,574 3,173 3,610 3,173

31212 Structural engineering technician 41 2,768 2,700 3,662 3,857

31232 Telecommunications technician 1,725 2,306 2,359 2,608 2,600

31246 Tool / Mould designer 80 2,292 2,200 2,732 2,728

31564 Traffic supervisor (Ship’s cargo) 736 2,286 2,119 2,797 2,771

39223 Training officer 312 3,219 3,000 3,388 3,070

39400 Translator 21 3,514 3,410 3,521 3,410

34243 Treasury officer 124 4,626 4,392 5,053 4,800

32280 Veterinary assistant 19 1,555 1,301 2,207 2,016



Mean Median

Occupation

Mean

SSOC 2005

Number Covered

Basic Wage ($)

Median

Gross Wage ($)

38 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

4 CLERICAL WORKERS 34,117 1,774 1,700 1,994 1,894

42224 Airport receptionist / clerk 1,098 1,617 1,571 2,401 2,316

41303 Audit clerk 538 2,110 2,000 2,146 2,000

41307 Bank clerk 2,817 1,917 1,800 2,119 1,987

42121 Bank teller 175 1,707 1,669 2,182 2,107

41305 Billing clerk 1,044 1,825 1,787 1,932 1,867

42111 Cashier 1,312 1,156 1,025 1,380 1,218

41000 Clerical supervisor 1,867 2,382 2,250 2,687 2,559

42225 Customer service clerk 3,163 1,701 1,649 1,951 1,850

41130 Data entry operator 167 1,263 1,200 1,468 1,322

41421 Data processing control clerk 63 1,698 1,650 2,012 1,913

41205 Filing clerk 254 1,687 1,625 1,842 1,763

42222 Hotel receptionist 153 1,102 1,007 1,419 1,400

41203 Insurance / Underwriting clerk 250 1,928 1,800 2,027 1,946

41302 Ledger and accounts clerk 2,794 1,852 1,800 1,970 1,899

41202 Legal clerk 75 2,180 2,100 2,319 2,210

41204 Library clerk 32 1,644 1,423 1,682 1,498

41207 Marketing clerk 222 1,908 1,826 1,984 1,883


39

SSOC 2005


Gross Wage ($)Basic Wage ($)Number Covered


Occupation

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

41521 Material planning clerk 727 1,574 1,465 1,969 1,788

42223 Medical / Dental receptionist 760 1,470 1,460 1,562 1,535

42112 Office cashier 22 1,845 2,116 2,031 2,247

41201 Office clerk 5,790 1,614 1,560 1,718 1,651

41206 Personnel / Human resource clerk 533 1,796 1,725 1,881 1,800

41522 Production planning clerk 342 1,715 1,675 1,995 1,929

41308 Purchasing clerk 401 1,742 1,647 1,874 1,788

42221 Receptionist 591 1,539 1,500 1,617 1,550

41111 Secretary 1,486 2,607 2,538 2,672 2,599

41511 Shipping clerk 943 1,756 1,700 1,968 1,900

4141 Statistical clerk 46 2,148 2,288 2,173 2,288

41512 Stock records clerk 362 1,833 1,717 2,044 2,007

41513 Storekeeper 1,380 1,612 1,551 1,945 1,893

4223 Telephone operator 100 1,196 1,140 1,528 1,346

42210 Travel agency and related clerk 205 1,452 1,400 1,703 1,550

41122 Typist 160 1,898 1,766 1,985 1,861

41304 Wages clerk 51 1,695 1,800 1,824 1,900


40 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007


SSOC 2005

Gross Wage ($)



Basic Wage ($)

5 SERVICE WORKERS AND SHOP AND MARKET SALES WORKERS 24,400 1,438 1,322 2,114 1,859

51250 Bar / Lounge hostess 33 1,200 1,000 1,552 1,421

51240 Bartender 118 1,157 1,195 1,662 1,685

51330 Beautician 287 1,525 1,524 2,567 2,326

51231 Captain / Waiter supervisor 760 1,383 1,389 1,729 1,650

51360 Child-care worker 53 1,259 1,200 1,275 1,200

51220 Cook 2,049 1,781 1,470 2,139 1,854

51310 Hair stylist / Hairdresser 133 1,315 1,237 2,086 1,941

52210 Hawker / Stall holder (Prepared food or drinks) 698 948 900 1,016 950

51212 House steward 106 1,232 1,146 1,509 1,349

51211 Housekeeper (Hotels and other establishments) 203 1,589 1,351 1,836 1,700

5150 Mail distribution worker 24 1,707 1,850 1,986 2,053

51391 Masseur (Non-medical) 107 1,062 1,000 1,601 1,500

51393 Pest exterminator 226 1,059 1,000 1,247 1,127

51423 Private police guard 3,425 1,417 1,319 2,040 1,957

51440 Private security guard 2,460 914 776 1,360 1,257

52103 Sales demonstrator 74 1,082 1,268 2,226 2,116

52101 Sales supervisor 1,140 1,581 1,500 2,309 1,921


41 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

Mean


Covered

Basic Wage ($)

Mean Median


Median

Gross Wage ($)

52104 Salesperson (Door-to-door) 17 1,683 1,454 2,283 2,072

52102 Shop sales assistant 4,605 1,194 1,086 1,750 1,500

52105 Telemarketer 33 1,394 1,450 2,205 2,060

51130 Tourist guide 63 1,469 1,400 1,622 1,550

51230 Waiter 918 964 945 1,185 1,177

6 AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERY WORKERS 99 1,493 1,497 1,734 1,511

61030 Livestock and dairy farm worker 62 1,554 1,497 1,869 1,556

61041 Poultry farm worker 16 1,345 800 1,412 800

7 PRODUCTION CRAFTSMEN AND RELATED WORKERS 12,586 1,760 1,633 2,346 2,227

72323 Aircraft engine mechanic 2,481 1,851 1,781 2,888 2,690

72440 Audio and video equipment mechanic 24 1,416 1,435 1,796 1,619

7412 Bakers, pastry-cooks and confectionery maker 146 1,216 1,060 1,478 1,392

72231 Buffing and polishing machine operator 49 1,329 1,125 2,017 1,862

71291 Building maintenance worker 385 1,513 1,480 1,839 1,766

71180 Building painter 35 1,353 1,288 1,443 1,455

71141 Carpenter 255 1,356 1,400 1,804 1,757

73310 Compositor and typesetter 19 1,707 1,600 1,957 1,976


42 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

Mean Mean

Gross Wage ($)SSOC 2005 Occupation

Median


Number Covered

Basic Wage ($)

Median

72450 Computer and related electronic equipment mechanic 85 1,443 1,400 2,237 2,189

72421 Electrical fitter 61 1,567 1,560 2,050 2,054

72423 Electrical household appliance repairman 26 1,844 1,952 2,158 2,150

72422 Electrical lift, escalator and related equipment fitter 294 1,456 1,393 2,226 2,108

72410 Electrician 454 1,587 1,599 1,924 1,856

72431 Electronics fitter 89 1,341 1,293 2,346 1,979

71112 Floor and wall tile setter 44 1,126 890 1,152 1,000

74320 Garment cutter 11 1,086 1,020 1,199 1,057

72161 Hoisting equipment rigger 15 1,356 1,408 2,117 2,044

72322 Industrial and office machinery mechanic 925 1,674 1,617 2,259 2,134

73131 Jewellery worker 17 1,564 1,600 1,794 1,620

74404 Leather goods maker / assembler 43 1,235 1,129 1,619 1,507

72331 Machinery fitter 125 1,580 1,600 2,286 2,184

72321 Machinery mechanic 712 1,618 1,555 2,268 2,227

72333 Marine engine fitter 64 1,204 1,200 1,455 1,250

74343 Mattress maker 28 1,041 795 1,499 1,170

7411 Meat and fish preparer 47 1,304 1,270 1,487 1,400

72111 Metal moulder 23 1,779 1,850 2,207 2,415


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Gross Wage ($)

Mean

Basic Wage ($)


Median Mean


Median

Number Covered

72310 Motor vehicle mechanic 293 1,650 1,606 2,058 2,000

71193 Motor vehicle spray painter 10 1,407 1,400 1,663 1,400

73114 Optical instrument maker and repairer 18 1,233 1,148 1,814 1,715

72143 Panel beater 12 2,214 2,327 2,505 2,382

72122 Pipe fitter 148 1,225 1,282 1,665 1,715

71150 Plasterer 66 1,196 820 1,286 820

72121 Plumber 40 1,613 1,576 2,099 2,000

72335 Refrigeration and air-conditioning plant installer 15 1,110 1,200 1,234 1,200

72324 Refrigeration and air-conditioning plant mechanic 196 1,357 1,324 1,631 1,492

71123 Reinforcing iron worker 11 1,417 1,450 1,892 1,800

72141 Sheet metal worker 44 1,213 1,200 1,610 1,402

73340 Silk screen, block and textile printer 14 1,241 1,165 1,472 1,539

71192 Spray painter (except construction and motor vehicles) 41 1,383 1,218 2,062 1,840

71191 Structural steel and ship painter 24 1,108 800 1,462 800

72151 Structural steel worker (Workshop) 77 1,504 1,500 2,132 2,145

71000 Supervisor and general foreman (Building trades) 1,236 2,226 2,200 2,448 2,500

74000 Supervisor and general foreman (Food processing, woodworking, 316 1,330 1,245 1,724 1,578textile, leather and related trades)


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Median



Mean Median Mean


Covered

72000 Supervisor and general foreman (Metal, machinery and related trades) 1,640 2,336 2,202 2,883 2,800

73000 Supervisor and general foreman (Precision, handicraft, printing and related trades) 46 2,460 2,454 2,768 2,707

74310 Tailor / Dressmaker 13 1,307 1,300 1,642 1,730

72460 Telecommunications installer and servicer 92 1,506 1,580 1,752 1,751

7433 Textile, leather and related pattern maker 29 1,264 1,200 1,432 1,403

72221 Tool and die maker 243 2,045 2,050 2,737 2,751

73112 Watch and clock repairer 41 2,400 2,500 2,602 2,630

72131 Welder 328 1,514 1,558 2,195 2,197

74223 Wood furniture finisher 24 1,399 1,444 1,834 1,564

8 PLANT AND MACHINE OPERATORS AND ASSEMBLERS 19,513 1,398 1,298 1,962 1,800

83243 Ambulance driver 43 1,326 1,323 1,606 1,530

8274 Baked and cereal products machine operator 54 790 730 1,232 1,195

81621 Boiler fireman 21 1,352 1,400 1,907 1,753

8252 Bookbinding and related machine operator 347 1,136 1,009 1,392 1,171

83313 Bulldozer operator 14 1,466 1,410 2,572 2,519

83250 Bus driver 150 1,220 1,100 1,570 1,505

82531 Carton and paper box making machine operator 127 1,063 970 1,383 1,318

81222 Centrifugal casting machine operator 18 1,724 1,848 2,499 2,516


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, 2007 45

Median



Median

Gross Wage ($)

Mean

Number Covered

Mean

Basic Wage ($)

83241 Chauffeur 278 1,578 1,500 2,202 1,937

8150 Chemical processing plant operator 290 1,795 1,686 2,455 2,244

82124 Concrete mixing plant operator (including concrete mixer operator) 25 1,137 950 2,187 2,250

83321 Crane and hoist operator 1,697 1,866 1,945 2,677 2,680

8272 Dairy and confectionery products machine operator 37 1,162 1,015 1,441 1,298

83230 Driving instructor and tester 388 1,707 1,661 2,412 2,356

82642 Dyeing machine operator 20 1,163 1,091 1,285 1,226

82821 Electrical / Electronic products quality checker and tester 462 1,124 1,072 1,638 1,512

82811 Electrical equipment / component assembler 228 965 839 1,233 1,062

82812 Electronic equipment / component assembler 4,141 1,003 934 1,534 1,407

82221 Electro-plater 28 1,620 1,552 2,290 2,166

83311 Excavating machine operator 68 1,808 1,733 2,387 2,200

83331 Fork lift truck operator 148 1,260 1,200 1,689 1,573

8275 Fruit, vegetable and nut processing machine operator 66 1,111 995 1,576 1,312

83402 Helmsman 58 1,673 1,500 2,398 2,307

83260 Lorry driver 1,624 1,383 1,375 1,744 1,659

82901 Machine labeller 15 1,145 1,148 1,344 1,300


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Covered

82000 Machine supervisor and general foreman 1,445 2,409 2,344 2,946 2,840

8271 Meat and fish processing machine operator 55 1,268 1,103 1,469 1,233

82822 Mechanical products quality checker and tester 254 1,257 1,200 2,143 1,935

81230 Metal heat treating plant operator 56 1,521 1,477 2,187 2,055

82111 Metalworking machine setter-operator 1,141 1,547 1,446 2,425 2,210

82113 Milling machine setter-operator 22 1,730 1,625 2,537 2,340

83000 Mobile machinery supervisor and general foreman 205 1,887 1,800 2,273 2,150

83210 Motorcycle delivery man 16 1,454 1,320 1,593 1,395

82118 Numerical control machine setter-operator 54 1,587 1,600 2,179 2,261

82532 Paper product making machine operator 78 1,362 1,140 1,788 1,657

82210 Pharmaceutical and toiletry products machine operator 136 921 1,000 1,545 1,263

82230 Photographic products machine operator 37 1,348 1,371 1,463 1,449

82320 Plastic product machine operator 670 842 775 1,227 1,069

82117 Precision grinding machine setter-operator 106 1,154 932 1,700 1,294

82510 Printing machine operator 383 1,420 1,401 1,858 1,759

81693 Pumping station operator 19 872 780 1,025 945

8231 Rubber products machine operator 88 930 767 1,245 1,020


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, 2007 47

Median Mean Median



Mean


SSOC 2005

82227 Sandblaster / Shotblaster (Metal) 38 845 800 985 800

82631 Sewing machine operator 97 988 825 1,326 1,375

81000 Stationary plant supervisor and general foreman 193 2,564 2,277 3,527 3,543

83271 Trailer-truck driver 708 1,432 1,562 2,050 2,134

83242 Van driver 848 1,423 1,400 1,829 1,703

81241 Wire drawer 90 1,070 1,009 1,642 1,567

8240 Wood products machine operator 38 1,046 993 1,312 1,272

9 CLEANERS, LABOURERS AND RELATED WORKERS 14,782 980 880 1,166 1,000

93413 Aircraft loader 466 1,360 1,479 2,049 2,136

92010 Bell captain 48 1,188 1,179 1,574 1,528

92020 Bellboy / Hotel porter 123 801 738 1,185 1,107

92051 Building caretaker / Watchman 47 1,167 1,130 1,276 1,160

92044 Car park attendant 67 881 842 975 921

91292 Cleaner (Industrial establishment) 504 731 720 800 750

91290 Cleaner supervisor 217 1,212 1,110 1,269 1,200

93300 Construction labourer and related worker 564 858 800 880 800

91224 Dish washer 169 825 750 979 990

92052 Doorman 20 959 944 1,246 1,153


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Median

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Mean Median Mean

Basic Wage ($)SSOC 2005



93111 Gardener 110 886 850 916 860

93414 Godown labourer 878 1,270 1,250 1,698 1,600

93901 Hand packer 634 972 950 1,159 1,050

92043 Hospital attendant 971 1,125 1,096 1,223 1,156

91222 Kitchen assistant 805 1,164 1,175 1,568 1,556

92042 Laboratory attendant 75 1,314 1,228 1,434 1,300

91210 Laundry and dry cleaning worker 169 1,013 1,000 1,306 1,175

93415 Lorry attendant 269 1,156 1,140 1,442 1,390

93200 Manufacturing labourer and related worker 1,177 878 760 1,089 913

91310 Motor vehicle cleaner / polisher 46 973 850 1,027 890

92041 Office / Library attendant 228 1,180 1,153 1,309 1,222

91291 Office cleaner 2,107 672 610 696 657

93412 Road vehicle loader 18 940 999 1,377 1,257

91221 Room steward / Chambermaid 487 970 942 1,377 1,275

91391 Ship and ship tank cleaner 133 770 800 770 800

93411 Stevedore 150 882 500 902 500

93416 Store hand 1,030 1,334 1,300 1,653 1,588


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, 2007 49

Mean

Gross Wage ($)



SSOC 2005

Basic Wage ($)

Median Mean Median

Per Cent

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 6.6 1.1 0.0 1.5 3.6 4.3 4.5

Manufacturing 5.6 0.2 0.6 1.8 3.1 3.7 4.2

Construction 2.1 -1.5 -0.9 0.0 1.5 1.9 3.9

Services 7.7 1.7 -0.2 1.5 4.0 4.7 4.7

Wholesale and Retail Trade 5.8 1.3 1.0 1.7 3.6 3.9 4.5

Transport and Storage 7.6 3.5 -5.5 3.4 4.0 7.0 3.2

Hotels and Restaurants 5.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 1.9 3.4 3.9

Information and Communications 10.3 1.1 -0.1 1.3 3.7 5.3 6.2

Financial Services 11.7 3.0 0.7 -1.1 5.5 6.7 5.9

Real Estate and Leasing Services 5.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 1.5 2.4 3.4

Professional Services 8.9 1.3 0.7 2.4 5.9 5.0 6.8

Administrative and Support Services 4.2 1.8 0.8 0.5 1.9 3.8 3.6

Community, Social and Personal Services 9.0 0.8 1.7 1.8 5.0 3.2 5.1

Notes : 1) Data pertain to full–time private sector employees on the CPF scheme Source : Survey on Annual Wage Changes, MOM who have been with the establishments for at least a year.

2) Industries are classified based on Singapore Standard Industrial Classification, 2005.

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2.5 TOTAL WAGE INCREASE BY INDUSTRY, 2000 – 2006

Per Cent

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 4.9 2.9 1.8 1.2 2.7 3.1 3.6

Manufacturing 4.5 2.4 1.8 1.3 2.6 2.9 3.2

Construction 2.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 1.1 1.7 2.5

Services 5.4 3.4 2.0 1.3 2.9 3.3 3.9


Transport and Storage 4.6 2.2 3.5 0.2 3.4 2.6 3.5


Information and Communications 7.4 4.1 0.9 0.6 3.3 4.3 5.4

Financial Services 7.3 5.4 2.0 1.7 3.3 4.9 4.9







51


2.6 BASIC WAGE INCREASE BY INDUSTRY, 2000 – 2006

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Months of Basic Wage

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 2.27 2.03 1.77 1.76 1.87 2.06 2.18

Manufacturing 2.19 1.93 1.80 1.88 1.97 2.10 2.26

Construction 1.13 0.92 0.87 0.76 0.96 0.99 1.22

Services 2.46 2.19 1.84 1.80 1.92 2.15 2.23


Transport and Storage 3.01 3.22 1.78 2.14 2.26 2.84 2.73


Information and Communications 2.88 2.28 2.06 2.10 2.25 2.35 2.71

Financial Services 3.76 3.45 3.26 2.70 3.01 3.12 3.29







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2.7 QUANTUM OF VARIABLE COMPONENT PAID BY INDUSTRY, 2000 – 2006

Per Cent

Three Two One None

December 2006 83.3 20.8 25.3 37.2 16.7December 2005 81.1 21.4 25.9 33.8 18.9June 2005 82.6 22.0 27.2 33.4 17.4December 2004 81.3 15.0 28.5 37.8 18.7June 2004 75.6 12.4 26.7 36.4 24.4

By Establishment SizeDecember 2006 73.4 6.0 20.0 47.4 26.6December 2005 68.3 5.7 19.3 43.3 31.7June 2005 72.9 8.2 20.7 44.0 27.1December 2004 72.1 4.3 20.2 47.5 27.9June 2004 63.1 3.6 17.5 41.9 36.9

December 2006 90.1 31.0 29.0 30.2 9.9December 2005 90.2 32.6 30.5 27.1 9.8June 2005 89.7 32.2 31.9 25.6 10.3December 2004 89.2 24.1 35.6 29.5 10.8June 2004 85.0 19.1 33.7 32.2 15.0

Source : Survey on Wage Restructuring, MOMNote : 1) In 2005 , the Tripartite Taskforce on Wage Restructuring recommended that companies implement the three key wage recommendations to improve wage flexibility and competitiveness:

(i) Implement variable bonus linked to Key Performance Indicators (KPI) i.e. have formulated and communicated to their employees, the KPI for the payment of the variable bonus; (ii) Introduce the Monthly Variable Component (MVC) in wage structure; (iii) Narrow the maximum-minimum ratio for the majority of their employees to an average of 1.5 or less, decided to/in the process of narrowing the ratio or all along have a maximum-minimum ratio at 1.5 or less. 2) Data on wage restructing pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. Data is only available from 2004 onwards.

AND ESTABLISHMENT SIZE, 2004 – 2006

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All Industries

25 - 199 employees

200 employees and more

2.8 PROPORTION OF EMPLOYEES BY NUMBER OF KEY RECOMMENDATIONS IMPLEMENTED

Number of Key Recommendations ImplementedSome Form of Wage FlexibilityPeriodProprtion of Employees

Per Cent

Period Variable Bonus Linked to Key Performing Indicators

Monthly Variable Component

Maximum-Minimum Salary Ratio

December 2006 52.8 37.2 60.2December 2005 54.2 36.0 59.6June 2005 53.6 39.4 60.8December 2004 47.1 33.5 59.3June 2004 42.0 32.9 52.2

By Establishment SizeDecember 2006 31.5 16.5 57.5December 2005 31.4 15.4 52.1June 2005 33.8 19.3 56.8December 2004 29.1 14.2 57.6June 2004 26.1 14.1 47.8

December 2006 67.5 51.5 62.1December 2005 70.5 50.6 64.8June 2005 68.1 54.1 63.7December 2004 62.3 49.8 60.8June 2004 54.1 47.3 55.5

Source : Survey on Wage Restructuring, MOMNote : 1) In 2005 , the Tripartite Taskforce on Wage Restructuring recommended that companies implement the three key wage recommendations to improve wage flexibility and competitiveness:

(i) Implement variable bonus linked to Key Performance Indicators (KPI) i.e. have formulated and communicated to their employees, the KPI for the payment of the variable bonus; (ii) Introduce the Monthly Variable Component (MVC) in wage structure; (iii) Narrow the maximum-minimum ratio for the majority of their employees to an average of 1.5 or less, decided to/in the process of narrowing the ratio or all along have a maximum-minimum ratio at 1.5 or less. 2) Data on wage restructing pertain to private sector is only available from 2004 onwards.

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Proprtion of Employees

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200 employees and more

25 - 199 employees

2.9 PROPORTION OF EMPLOYEES BY KEY WAGE RECOMMENDATIONS AND ESTABLISHMENT SIZE, 2004 – 2006

Dollars

Total

Basic Wage, Overtime and Other Regular

Payments

AWS/ Bonus2

Employer's CPF

ContributionsLevy3

Medical Cost and Other Insurance4

Net Training

Cost5

Other Labour Cost

TOTAL 47,213 44,187 33,771 7,035 3,382 357 574 521 1,574

Manufacturing 39,925 37,073 29,771 4,573 2,729 597 547 272 1,436Food, Beverages and Tobacco 32,800 29,251 24,047 3,051 2,153 660 466 308 2,115Paper Products and Printing 34,600 32,683 27,578 2,728 2,377 656 489 58 715Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 84,530 78,249 59,515 13,158 5,577 159 1,526 610 3,986Rubber and Plastic Products 27,679 25,368 21,545 2,128 1,694 877 343 68 1,023Fabricated Metal Products 31,694 29,147 24,581 2,645 1,921 840 449 90 1,169Machinery and Equipment 41,290 38,369 30,703 4,824 2,843 606 496 206 1,613Electrical Products 38,879 36,138 28,996 4,414 2,728 597 487 109 1,548Electronic Products 43,606 41,170 33,155 4,746 3,269 554 513 277 1,092Medical and Precision Instruments 45,846 42,904 33,686 5,839 3,379 469 629 255 1,590Transport Equipment 31,229 28,680 22,633 4,064 1,983 538 461 461 1,088Other Manufacturing Industries 32,338 29,018 23,987 3,078 1,953 777 499 89 1,955

Construction 21,351 19,506 17,337 1,040 1,130 641 328 63 812Services 54,855 51,545 38,365 9,137 4,043 201 626 707 1,776

Wholesale and Retail Trade 48,832 45,839 36,063 6,098 3,678 208 625 333 1,826 Wholesale Trade 59,897 56,040 43,906 7,836 4,298 212 811 432 2,402 Retail Trade 27,794 26,443 21,151 2,794 2,499 201 274 145 731Transport and Storage 49,246 45,397 33,072 8,622 3,702 223 722 1,658 1,246 Land Transport and Supporting Services 33,319 31,751 25,781 3,282 2,688 255 394 55 863 Water Transport and Supporting Services 47,261 44,234 32,010 8,853 3,371 245 683 623 1,476 Air Transport and Supporting Services 66,887 59,618 39,926 14,883 4,810 152 1,031 4,943 1,142

1 Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector. Source : Labour Cost Survey, MOM2 Includes performance bonus for employees.3 Includes Foreign Workers' and Skills Development Fund (SDF) Levies.4 Includes Medical and Dental Benefits, Premium for Workmen's Compensation Insurance, Medical and Life Insurance.5 Net training cost refers to the net amount incurred after deducting cost recovered from the SDF. (It includes course fees, rental of premises/facilities for training purposes and other monetary allowances given to trainees as well as cost of training materials incurred in providing structured On-The-Job-Training (OJT)).

Industry (SSIC 2005) Total Labour Cost

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Wage Cost Non-Wage Cost

55

2.10 ANNUAL LABOUR COST PER EMPLOYEE1 BY INDUSTRY AND COST COMPONENT, 2005

Dollars

Total

Basic Wage, Overtime and Other Regular

Payments

AWS/ Bonus2

Employer's CPF

ContributionsLevy3

Medical Cost and Other Insurance4

Net Training

Cost5

Other Labour Cost

Other Transport and Storage Services 42,150 39,741 31,344 4,911 3,486 256 635 150 1,368Hotels and Restaurants 21,994 20,106 17,053 1,500 1,553 436 288 112 1,052 Hotels 32,463 29,399 24,048 3,005 2,346 522 564 221 1,756 Restaurants 16,754 15,455 13,552 746 1,157 392 150 57 700Information and Communications 61,143 58,817 45,946 7,962 4,909 40 667 581 1,038 Broadcasting and Publishing 57,729 55,371 43,501 7,012 4,858 56 660 569 1,073 Telecommunications 57,194 54,842 39,527 9,982 5,334 28 761 602 961 IT and Other Information Services 67,829 65,552 55,156 5,984 4,412 46 553 563 1,115Financial Services 99,651 93,076 60,991 26,439 5,646 48 1,288 790 4,448 Financial Institutions 103,708 96,760 62,846 28,223 5,691 49 1,318 776 4,804 Insurance 60,491 57,521 43,079 9,225 5,217 34 996 928 1,013Real Estate and Leasing Services 36,908 35,157 26,367 5,985 2,805 358 369 360 665Professional Services 68,822 63,610 50,404 8,743 4,463 150 824 768 3,471 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 78,459 71,961 56,172 11,116 4,673 96 942 894 4,567 Architectural and Engineering Services 50,646 47,277 38,819 4,878 3,579 278 750 230 2,110 Other Professional Services 67,642 63,267 50,520 7,740 5,007 125 634 1,102 2,513Administrative and Support Services 17,404 16,053 14,089 788 1,176 479 167 126 578Community, Social and Personal Services 57,975 55,334 41,232 9,162 4,940 148 471 777 1,245 Education and Public Administration 68,631 65,732 48,294 11,415 6,023 28 455 893 1,523 Health and Social Services 45,598 43,047 32,706 6,822 3,518 357 578 787 829 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 33,389 31,683 25,468 3,511 2,705 309 367 273 758

Others6 44,150 41,641 30,636 7,368 3,637 301 642 598 9671 Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector. Source : Labour Cost Survey, MOM2 Includes performance bonus for employees.3 Includes Foreign Workers' and Skills Development Fund (SDF) Levies.4 Includes Medical and Dental Benefits, Premium for Workmen's Compensation Insurance, Medical and Life Insurance.5 Net training cost refers to the net amount incurred after deducting cost recovered from the SDF. (It includes course fees, rental of premises/facilities for training purposes and other monetary allowances given to trainees as well as cost of training materials incurred in providing structured On-The-Job-Training (OJT)).6 Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management.

Wage Cost Non-Wage Cost

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, 2007 56 2.10 ANNUAL LABOUR COST PER EMPLOYEE1 BY INDUSTRY AND COST COMPONENT, 2005 (continued)

Industry (SSIC 2005) Total Labour Cost

EMPLOYMENT, HOURS WORKED AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT


EMPLOYMENT, HOURS WORKED AND CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT Source of Data

Employment data are compiled from the Central Provident Fund Board and the Ministry of Manpower administrative records. The self-employed component is estimated from the Labour Force Survey.

Statistics on hours worked and conditions of employment are compiled from establishment surveys conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department of the Ministry of Manpower. Prior to 2006, the surveys cover private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, the surveys also include the public sector. Concepts and Definitions

The employment data comprise all

persons in employment i.e. employees and the self–employed. However, it excludes males who are serving their 2-year full-time national service liability in the Singapore Armed Forces, Police and Civil Defence Forces.

Data on the number of local (also known as resident) employees are compiled from the Central Provident Fund (CPF)

Board’s administrative records of active contributors defined as local employees who have at least one CPF contribution paid for him/her. A local employee is any Singapore citizen or permanent resident who is employed by an employer under a contract of service or other agreement entered into in Singapore. Every local employee and his/her employer are required to make monthly contributions to the CPF which is a compulsory savings scheme to provide workers financial security in old age and helps meet the needs of healthcare, home-ownership, family protection, and asset enhancement.

Data on foreigners working in

Singapore are compiled from valid work passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower. Foreigners can work in Singapore only if they have valid work passes issued by the Ministry of Manpower, upon application by their employers.

The number of self-employed

residents is estimated from the Labour Force Survey. The self-employed comprises persons aged 15 years and over who are own account workers, employers or contributing family workers.


Weekly standard hours refer to the number of hours, excluding meal breaks, which should be put in by an employee during a normal working week. Weekly overtime hours refer to the number of hours worked by an employee in excess of the standard hours of work for which the employees were paid. It excludes overtime hours worked for which “time-off” was granted instead of wage payment. Weekly paid hours refer to the total number of paid hours worked during a week by an employee. It is the sum of standard hours and paid overtime hours worked.

Annual leave entitlement refers to the leave entitlement of full-time employees for a year of service.

In Thousands

TOTAL 2,171.0 2,148.1 2,135.2 2,206.6 2,319.9 2,495.9

Manufacturing 430.1 424.7 419.7 446.7 475.9 517.5Food, Beverages and Tobacco 23.0 24.1 24.4 25.3 27.9 30.1Paper Products and Printing 25.6 25.0 24.7 25.1 26.1 26.8Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 22.0 22.8 27.0 28.2 29.8 33.3Rubber and Plastic Products 18.4 17.3 18.2 18.5 17.6 17.7Fabricated Metal Products 25.5 24.6 24.7 25.7 27.2 29.2Machinery and Equipment 52.4 52.3 53.0 58.4 63.6 70.0Electrical Products 11.5 10.3 9.9 9.7 9.7 10.5Electronic Products 105.1 100.1 97.3 105.1 107.8 111.1Medical and Precision Instruments 15.4 15.7 14.7 15.9 16.5 15.2Transport Equipment 78.9 83.2 78.0 86.3 100.5 122.3Others 52.2 49.1 47.9 48.5 49.2 51.3

Construction 287.2 252.9 235.4 226.3 235.0 255.5

Services Producing Industries 1,438.8 1,455.3 1,465.2 1,520.1 1,593.8 1,706.5

Wholesale and Retail Trade 325.2 325.1 322.8 333.8 346.4 365.0Wholesale Trade 190.3 189.9 187.9 196.2 203.8 219.1Retail Trade 134.9 135.2 134.9 137.6 142.7 145.9

Transport and Storage 161.0 164.5 163.9 166.6 173.0 179.0Land Transport and Supporting Services 64.2 67.0 65.1 66.1 67.6 69.2Water Transport and Supporting Services 32.6 32.8 33.5 34.0 36.7 38.2

Source : Employment Statistics, MOM

2002 2003

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, 2007 59

3.1 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRIES, 2001 – 2006(As At December)

Industry (SSIC 2005) 2001 2004 2005 2006

In Thousands

Air Transport and Supporting Services 29.8 30.0 28.8 28.2 27.6 28.5Other Transport and Storage Services 34.4 34.7 36.4 38.2 41.2 43.1

Hotels and Restaurants 118.1 121.4 123.3 127.5 133.2 145.8Hotels 27.5 26.4 25.3 25.1 25.8 26.3Restaurants 90.6 95.0 98.0 102.3 107.3 119.5

Information and Communications 64.8 62.7 60.2 63.0 66.6 73.1Broadcasting and Publishing 14.9 14.0 12.5 13.2 13.4 13.9Telecommunications 18.8 18.6 18.1 18.0 17.5 17.7IT and Other Information Services 31.1 30.0 29.5 31.8 35.7 41.5

Financial Services 101.9 99.9 102.1 108.2 116.0 127.3Financial Institutions 85.3 82.3 83.8 88.6 94.8 104.4Insurance 16.6 17.6 18.3 19.6 21.2 22.8

Real Estate and Leasing Services 46.5 46.9 46.1 45.9 48.4 52.9

Professional Services 106.1 102.4 102.3 106.9 114.6 128.4Legal, Accounting and Management Services 56.6 55.4 56.0 58.9 62.3 68.1Architectural and Engineering Services 29.8 27.9 26.8 27.2 29.1 33.9Other Professional Services 19.8 19.1 19.5 20.9 23.1 26.3

Administrative and Support Services 66.6 71.5 76.4 87.3 97.4 113.2

Community, Social and Personal Services 448.6 461.0 468.1 480.8 498.3 522.0Education and Public Administration 152.3 156.5 160.8 162.1 166.3 172.3Health and Social Services 58.4 60.4 62.1 64.0 65.4 68.4Other Community, Social and Personal Services1 237.9 244.1 245.2 254.8 266.7 281.3

Others2 14.9 15.3 14.9 13.5 15.2 16.4

1 Includes Extra-Territorial Organisations and Bodies. Source : Employment Statistics, MOM2 Includes Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management.

20062005

3.1 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRIES, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

2004200320022001Industry (SSIC 2005)

SIN

GA

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BO

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AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

(As At December)

60

Hours

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 46.2 46.0 46.0 46.3 46.5 46.2

Manufacturing 48.7 49.0 49.2 49.8 50.2 50.5Food, Beverages and Tobacco 47.3 47.4 47.4 47.1 47.4 47.4Paper Products and Printing 49.2 49.8 50.7 51.0 51.3 51.5Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 45.1 44.9 44.9 45.4 45.2 45.4Rubber and Plastic Products 48.7 49.1 49.9 50.7 50.6 50.5Fabricated Metal Products 50.2 51.0 51.6 51.9 52.6 52.3Machinery and Equipment 49.8 50.1 50.5 51.5 51.9 52.7Electrical Products 47.5 48.1 48.0 48.9 48.9 49.8Electronic Products 45.9 46.7 46.9 47.7 48.1 48.0Medical and Precision Instruments 47.3 47.7 48.6 49.1 48.8 48.1Transport Equipment 54.3 52.8 52.3 52.9 53.5 53.4Other Manufacturing Industries 49.5 49.4 49.4 50.2 50.4 50.9

Construction 50.9 50.6 51.1 51.7 51.9 51.9

Services 43.5 43.1 43.1 43.2 43.5 43.3Wholesale and Retail Trade 43.3 43.1 43.1 43.4 43.5 43.2 Wholesale Trade 43.5 43.3 43.3 43.6 43.6 43.4 Retail Trade 42.7 42.6 42.5 42.9 43.1 42.6Transport and Storage 46.2 45.8 45.7 45.7 45.9 45.9 Land Transport and Supporting Services 49.1 49.1 48.6 47.4 47.3 48.2 Water Transport and Supporting Services 45.5 45.1 45.1 45.4 45.6 45.3 Air Transport and Supporting Services 43.6 42.9 43.1 43.6 43.5 43.3 Other Transport and Storage Services 47.3 46.9 46.7 47.0 47.4 47.0

Notes : 1) Prior to 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM each with at least 25 employees (shaded). From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.

2) Data refer to the average for the year.

SIN

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TICS

, 2007


3.2 AVERAGE WEEKLY PAID HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY, 2001 – 2006(ALL EMPLOYEES)

61

Hours

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Hotels and Restaurants 40.3 38.9 38.4 38.4 38.6 38.9 Hotels 45.5 44.9 45.0 45.4 45.4 45.7 Restaurants 37.2 35.7 35.1 35.3 35.4 36.1

Information and Communications 42.4 42.3 42.1 42.0 42.0 41.9 Broadcasting and Publishing 42.5 41.9 41.7 41.6 41.4 41.6 Telecommunications 43.4 43.5 43.0 42.6 42.8 42.7 IT and Other Information Services 41.7 41.6 41.7 41.6 41.7 41.6

Financial Services 43.0 42.6 42.6 42.9 42.8 42.3 Financial Institutions 43.3 42.9 43.0 43.3 43.2 42.6 Insurance 40.7 40.1 39.9 39.9 39.9 40.1


Professional Services 43.4 43.1 43.2 43.5 43.5 44.0 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 41.7 41.4 41.9 41.8 41.7 42.1 Architectural and Engineering Services 46.6 46.5 46.3 47.0 47.8 47.9 Other Professional Services 42.3 42.2 42.0 42.3 42.1 42.4


Community, Social and Personal Services 41.8 41.5 41.5 41.5 41.9 41.9 Education and Public Administration 37.9 37.6 38.1 37.9 39.0 41.4 Health and Social Services 41.8 41.9 41.8 41.9 42.3 42.1 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 43.7 43.2 43.0 43.2 43.3 43.0

Others1 47.4 46.2 45.8 46.5 46.7 45.3

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNotes : 1) Prior to 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees (shaded).

From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector. 2) Data refer to the average for the year.

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

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OK

OF M

AN

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007


(ALL EMPLOYEES)3.2 AVERAGE WEEKLY PAID HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

62

Hours

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.8


Construction 6.3 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.2





SIN

GA

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BO

OK

OF M

AN

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007

3.3 AVERAGE WEEKLY OVERTIME HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY, 2001 – 2006(ALL EMPLOYEES)

63

Hours

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Hotels and Restaurants 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 Hotels 1.8 1.2 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.6 Restaurants 0.7 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.7

Information and Communications 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 Broadcasting and Publishing 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Telecommunications 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.2 IT and Other Information Services 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1

Financial Services 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.0 0.9 0.6 Financial Institutions 0.9 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.0 0.6 Insurance 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5


Professional Services 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.3 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 0.8 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 1.0 Architectural and Engineering Services 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.6 5.3 5.2 Other Professional Services 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.8 0.7 0.8


Community, Social and Personal Services 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.4 Education and Public Administration 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 Health and Social Services 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0

Others1 4.3 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.9 2.6



64 3.3 AVERAGE WEEKLY OVERTIME HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY, 2001 – 2006 (continued)


(ALL EMPLOYEES)

SIN

GA

PO

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YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Hours

TOTAL 46.2 47.1 21.7

Manufacturing 50.5 50.7 22.0Food, Beverages and Tobacco 47.4 48.0 24.6Paper Products and Printing 51.5 51.5 23.2Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 45.4 45.4 23.5Rubber and Plastic Products 50.5 50.8 25.9Fabricated Metal Products 52.3 52.5 22.0Machinery and Equipment 52.7 52.8 22.1Electrical Products 49.8 50.3 22.2Electronic Products 48.0 48.1 23.7Medical and Precision Instruments 48.1 48.2 23.7Transport Equipment 53.4 53.9 20.3Other Manufacturing Industries 50.9 51.1 22.6

Construction 51.9 52.1 19.5

Services 43.3 44.4 21.7Wholesale and Retail Trade 43.2 44.5 23.5 Wholesale Trade 43.4 43.8 22.6 Retail Trade 42.6 46.3 23.7Transport and Storage 45.9 46.2 26.7 Land Transport and Supporting Services 48.2 48.4 23.3 Water Transport and Supporting Services 45.3 45.3 19.1 Air Transport and Supporting Services 43.3 43.5 21.8 Other Transport and Storage Services 47.0 47.9 27.9

Notes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and the public sector. 2) Data refer to the average for the year. 3) Part–time employees are employees who normally work less than 30 hours in a week, including those who work half–days or only some days per week. They exclude casual workers who work "on and off", employees on short work–week and temporary employees who work the normal hours.

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, 2007 65

3.4 AVERAGE WEEKLY PAID HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY AND TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT, 2006

Industry (SSIC 2005) All Employees Full–time Employees Part–time Employees

Hours

Hotels and Restaurants 38.9 46.0 20.0 Hotels 45.7 45.8 25.6 Restaurants 36.1 46.2 19.9Information and Communications 41.9 42.4 22.3 Broadcasting and Publishing 41.6 42.9 21.7 Telecommunications 42.7 43.4 23.2 IT and Other Information Services 41.6 41.7 23.8Financial Services 42.3 42.7 22.0 Financial Institutions 42.6 43.0 22.1 Insurance 40.1 40.3 20.8Real Estate and Leasing Services 44.2 44.9 21.9Professional Services 44.0 44.2 21.8 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 42.1 42.4 21.9 Architectural and Engineering Services 47.9 47.9 21.6 Other Professional Services 42.4 42.5 21.6Administrative and Support Services 50.8 51.4 26.4Community, Social and Personal Services 41.9 42.5 21.1 Education and Public Administration 41.4 41.8 16.9 Health and Social Services 42.1 42.7 23.4 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 43.0 44.5 23.1

Others1 45.3 45.9 22.2

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying and Utilities. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNotes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector.

2) Data refer to the average for the year. 3) Part–time employees are employees who normally work less than 30 hours in a week, including those who work half–days or only some days per week. They exclude casual workers who work "on and off", employees on short work–week and temporary employees who work the normal hours.

AND TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT, 2006 (continued)

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, 2007

Part–time EmployeesIndustry (SSIC 2005) All Employees Full–time Employees

66 3.4 AVERAGE WEEKLY PAID HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY

Hours

All Employees Full–time Employees

Part–time Employees All Employees Full–time

EmployeesPart–time

Employees

TOTAL 42.4 43.1 21.3 11.2 11.4 2.2


Construction 44.7 44.9 19.5 13.7 13.7 1.9Services 41.6 42.7 21.3 8.3 8.6 2.1

Wholesale and Retail Trade 41.4 42.6 23.2 7.3 7.5 2.9 Wholesale Trade 41.6 42.1 21.9 8.1 8.2 4.0 Retail Trade 40.8 44.1 23.5 6.2 6.3 2.4Transport and Storage 42.9 43.2 26.2 8.2 8.2 3.6 Land Transport and Supporting Services 43.3 43.5 22.6 8.8 8.8 3.9 Water Transport and Supporting Services 43.3 43.3 19.1 7.8 7.8 0.8 Air Transport and Supporting Services 42.1 42.3 21.7 4.8 4.8 0.8 Other Transport and Storage Services 43.0 43.8 27.4 9.6 9.7 4.0

Notes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and the public sector. 2) Data refer to the average for the year. 3) Part–time employees are employees who normally work less than 30 hours in a week, including those who work half–days or only some days per week. They exclude casual workers who work "on and off", employees on short work–week and temporary employees who work the normal hours

Average Weekly Overtime Hours (of Employees who Worked Overtime)Average Weekly Standard Hours


SIN

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, 2007

3.5 AVERAGE WEEKLY STANDARD/OVERTIME HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRYAND TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT, 2006

67

Hours

All Employees Full–time Employees

Part–time Employees All Employees Full–time

EmployeesPart–time

Employees

Hotels and Restaurants 38.0 44.8 19.7 4.5 6.1 1.2 Hotels 44.1 44.1 23.9 6.7 6.7 5.4 Restaurants 35.4 45.3 19.7 3.4 5.5 1.2Information and Communications 41.3 41.9 20.2 5.4 5.4 5.9 Broadcasting and Publishing 40.8 42.3 17.3 5.3 5.2 5.8 Telecommunications 41.6 42.2 22.3 5.5 5.5 5.9 IT and Other Information Services 41.4 41.5 23.8 5.1 5.1 0.0Financial Services 41.7 42.1 21.6 4.9 5.0 3.5 Financial Institutions 42.0 42.4 21.7 4.9 5.0 3.5 Insurance 39.5 39.7 20.2 4.9 4.9 4.6Real Estate and Leasing Services 42.8 43.4 21.7 8.8 8.9 4.5Professional Services 41.7 41.9 21.7 12.5 12.5 1.2 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 41.0 41.4 21.9 9.5 9.6 0.8 Architectural and Engineering Services 42.7 42.7 21.3 14.2 14.2 4.2 Other Professional Services 41.5 41.7 21.4 9.7 9.8 0.9Administrative and Support Services 44.4 44.9 25.4 14.5 14.6 7.3Community, Social and Personal Services 41.5 42.1 20.8 4.9 4.9 4.3 Education and Public Administration 41.3 41.8 16.8 7.2 7.2 2.9 Health and Social Services 41.6 42.2 23.0 4.1 4.1 2.7 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 42.0 43.4 22.6 5.2 5.2 6.5

Others1 42.7 43.3 22.2 8.4 8.4 1.3

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying and Utilities. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNotes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector.

2) Data refer to the average for the year. 3) Part–time employees are employees who normally work less than 30 hours in a week, including those who work half–days or only some days per week. They exclude casual workers who work "on and off", employees on short work–week and temporary employees who work the normal hours

AND TYPE OF EMPLOYMENT, 2006 (continued)

68 3.5 AVERAGE WEEKLY STANDARD/OVERTIME HOURS WORKED PER EMPLOYEE BY INDUSTRY

Industry (SSIC 2005)Average Weekly Standard Hours

SIN

GA

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OF M

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Average Weekly Overtime Hours (of Employees who Worked Overtime)

Per Cent

Total 5-Day5½-Day with

Regular Saturday Off

5½-Day 6-Day with Regular Saturday Off 6-Day Shift work Other1

TOTAL 100.0 39.6 7.2 15.3 2.2 16.4 17.2 2.0

Manufacturing 100.0 42.3 4.5 20.3 1.5 7.2 24.0 0.2Food, Beverages and Tobacco 100.0 23.7 9.0 19.6 4.0 28.0 15.1 0.5Paper Products and Printing 100.0 49.4 7.7 19.8 – 0.5 22.7 – Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 100.0 69.1 2.0 2.5 1.7 – 24.7 – Rubber and Plastic Products 100.0 32.6 12.2 12.0 3.8 15.0 24.1 0.3Fabricated Metal Products 100.0 45.7 3.2 25.2 1.2 6.3 18.1 0.3Machinery and Equipment 100.0 47.6 4.8 28.8 0.8 4.9 13.0 0.1Electrical Products 100.0 60.7 3.0 10.6 – 4.0 21.7 – Electronic Products 100.0 47.3 2.3 0.7 0.4 0.7 48.6 – Medical and Precision Instruments 100.0 72.7 2.6 0.5 2.4 – 21.8 – Transport Equipment 100.0 26.3 3.6 42.9 2.6 13.4 10.4 0.8Other Manufacturing Industries 100.0 27.4 10.6 39.8 2.2 13.4 6.7 –

Construction 100.0 7.5 5.5 25.1 4.9 56.7 0.2 0.1

Services 100.0 44.5 9.0 10.8 2.0 13.5 16.9 3.3Wholesale and Retail Trade 100.0 49.7 8.8 13.3 2.0 14.7 10.1 1.4 Wholesale Trade 100.0 60.3 10.1 13.9 2.2 6.7 5.9 0.9 Retail Trade 100.0 25.0 5.8 12.1 1.7 33.3 19.8 2.4Transport and Storage 100.0 22.5 12.7 13.8 1.2 13.5 22.8 13.6 Land Transport and Supporting Services 100.0 16.1 9.7 16.9 1.8 39.4 13.8 2.3 Water Transport and Supporting Services 100.0 26.9 11.6 12.7 – 4.7 31.0 13.1 Air Transport and Supporting Services 100.0 20.8 – 0.1 – 0.2 39.2 39.7 Other Transport and Storage Services 100.0 25.1 27.7 24.3 2.9 12.1 7.6 0.2

1 Refer to irregular work week, less than 5 days etc. Source : Conditions of Employment Survey, MOMNote : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees.

3.6 WORK–WEEK PATTERN OF EMPLOYEES BY INDUSTRY, JUNE 2006

All Employees

SIN

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007 69


Per Cent

Total 5-Day5½-Day with

Regular Saturday Off

5½-Day 6-Day with Regular Saturday Off 6-Day Shift work Other1

Hotels and Restaurants 100.0 5.9 5.2 5.6 3.7 32.8 45.5 1.4 Hotels 100.0 3.2 9.7 6.8 1.9 12.0 66.5 – Restaurants 100.0 7.8 2.1 4.7 5.0 47.4 30.6 2.4

Information and Communications 100.0 78.1 5.2 4.0 0.1 1.0 10.8 0.9 Broadcasting and Publishing 100.0 73.7 3.3 3.7 – 2.3 17.1 – Telecommunications 100.0 65.2 10.2 3.3 – 1.2 17.8 2.3 IT and Other Information Services 100.0 91.0 1.8 4.7 0.2 0.2 2.0 –

Financial Services 100.0 87.2 2.2 1.2 0.3 3.3 2.7 3.3 Financial Institutions 100.0 87.2 2.5 0.8 – 3.7 3.0 2.8 Insurance 100.0 86.7 0.1 3.7 2.2 – 0.5 6.8

Real Estate and Leasing Services 100.0 24.6 12.7 17.8 4.1 27.3 13.5 –

Professional Services 100.0 73.5 6.9 8.4 1.3 5.4 3.9 0.7 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 100.0 77.4 7.0 5.4 1.8 3.1 3.9 1.4 Architectural and Engineering Services 100.0 59.6 10.7 16.1 1.6 6.5 5.5 – Other Professional Services 100.0 86.6 0.6 2.9 – 8.8 1.1 –

Administrative and Support Services 100.0 11.3 9.2 12.8 7.5 17.9 40.0 1.3

Community, Social and Personal Services 100.0 38.3 13.2 14.4 1.6 12.6 19.4 0.4 Education 100.0 85.5 5.2 4.5 0.2 2.6 1.8 0.2 Health and Social Services 100.0 18.2 20.0 17.3 0.1 8.8 35.3 0.1 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 100.0 23.7 10.6 19.5 5.2 27.7 12.4 0.9

Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management 100.0 38.8 9.5 5.0 4.5 24.5 17.6 –

1 Refer to irregular work week, less than 5 days etc. Source : Conditions of Employment Survey, MOMNote : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees.


3.6 WORK–WEEK PATTERN OF EMPLOYEES BY INDUSTRY, JUNE 2006 (continued)

All Employees

SIN

GA

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OF M

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TATIS

TICS

, 200770

Per Cent

Total 14 Days or Less 15 – 21 Days Over 21 Days

TOTAL 100.0 60.1 32.7 7.3

Manufacturing 100.0 65.6 31.6 2.8Food, Beverages and Tobacco 100.0 75.4 20.7 4.0Paper Products and Printing 100.0 72.4 23.8 3.8Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 100.0 27.0 54.4 18.6Rubber and Plastic Products 100.0 79.4 20.0 0.6Fabricated Metal Products 100.0 81.5 17.7 0.8Machinery and Equipment 100.0 68.5 30.7 0.8Electrical Products 100.0 57.5 40.8 1.7Electronic Products 100.0 54.7 43.8 1.5Medical and Precision Instruments 100.0 49.8 45.3 4.9Transport Equipment 100.0 74.8 22.8 2.4Other Manufacturing Industries 100.0 73.2 24.7 2.1

Construction 100.0 91.6 7.3 1.1

Services 100.0 50.6 38.4 11.0Wholesale and Retail Trade 100.0 58.0 37.4 4.6 Wholesale Trade 100.0 52.5 42.2 5.3 Retail Trade 100.0 70.7 26.3 3.0Transport and Storage 100.0 46.6 43.4 10.0 Land Transport and Supporting Services 100.0 48.2 50.9 1.0 Water Transport and Supporting Services 100.0 50.8 33.8 15.4 Air Transport and Supporting Services 100.0 25.1 54.3 20.6 Other Transport and Storage Services 100.0 60.5 36.8 2.7

Note : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. Source : Conditions of Employment Survey, MOM

3.7 ANNUAL LEAVE ENTITLEMENT OF EMPLOYEES BY INDUSTRY, JUNE 2006

71


SIN

GA

PO

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YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Per Cent

Total 14 Days or Less 15 – 21 Days Over 21 Days

Hotels and Restaurants 100.0 78.1 17.2 4.7 Hotels 100.0 62.1 27.0 11.0 Restaurants 100.0 89.0 10.6 0.4

Information and Communications 100.0 34.0 58.0 8.0 Broadcasting and Publishing 100.0 15.5 68.3 16.1 Telecommunications 100.0 23.8 67.7 8.5 IT and Other Information Services 100.0 54.0 42.9 3.0

Financial Services 100.0 17.1 51.7 31.2 Financial Institutions 100.0 15.3 50.1 34.5 Insurance 100.0 29.4 62.4 8.2

Real Estate and Leasing Services 100.0 81.9 16.3 1.7

Professional Services 100.0 43.8 48.8 7.5 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 100.0 36.3 55.1 8.6 Architectural and Engineering Services 100.0 64.6 31.9 3.5 Other Professional Services 100.0 28.5 60.4 11.1

Administrative and Support Services 100.0 94.3 5.3 0.5

Community, Social and Personal Services 100.0 36.8 43.0 20.1 Education 100.0 29.0 41.5 29.5 Health and Social Services 100.0 20.9 55.6 23.5 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 100.0 67.9 25.8 6.3

Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management 100.0 64.0 28.8 7.2

Note : Data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. Source : Conditions of Employment Survey, MOM


72 3.7 ANNUAL LEAVE ENTITLEMENT OF EMPLOYEES BY INDUSTRY, JUNE 2006 (continued)

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, 2007

LABOUR TURNOVER, RETRENCHMENTS, JOB VACANCIES AND EMPLOYMENT SERVICE


LABOUR TURNOVER, RETRENCHMENTS, JOB VACANCIES AND EMPLOYMENT SERVICE Source of Data

Statistics on labour turnover, retrenchments and job vacancies are compiled from establishment surveys conducted by the Manpower Research and Statistics Department of the Ministry of Manpower. Prior to 2006, the surveys cover private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees. From 2006 onwards, the surveys also cover the public sector. Statistics on job seekers attended to and placed are compiled by the Employment Facilitation Division of the Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA). Singapore citizens and permanent residents who seek assistance to find employment, can register with the CareerLink centres operated by WDA and its Distributed CareerLink Network (DCN) partners, comprising the Community Development Councils, National Trades Union Congress, Singapore National Employers Federation and other self-help groups.

Concepts and Definitions

Average monthly resignation rate for a year is the average of the monthly

rates during the four quarters in the year. The monthly rate during a quarter is defined as the average number of persons who resigned in a month during the quarter divided by the average number of employees in the establishment. Resignation refers to the termination of employment initiated by the employee. The use of average monthly rate is preferred to the cumulative annual rate as the latter is liable to misinterpretation. For example, the annual resignation rate obtained by dividing the total number of resignations during the year by the average employment during the year could amount to 40 per 100 employees. This might imply that 40% of all employees in January voluntarily left their jobs by the end of December. This is probably not the case as many jobs in a given establishment are vacated and refilled more than once during the year. Over shorter periods of time, the resignation rates have less repetitive counting of employees holding the same jobs. A retrenched worker refers to a permanent employee whose employment was terminated by his employer due to redundancy.


Job vacancy rate for a year is the average of the rates obtained at quarterly intervals in the year. The job vacancy rate is defined as the total number of job vacancies divided by the total demand for labour at the end of the reference quarter. The total demand for labour is defined as the sum of the number of employees and job vacancies at the end of the reference quarter.

Job Vacancy to Unemployed

Person Ratio is calculated by taking the ratio of the estimates of the total number of job vacancies for the whole economy to the total number of unemployed persons.

Per Cent

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.7 2.8

INDUSTRY (SSIC 2005)


Construction 2.5 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.9




4.1 AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006

75 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

Per Cent

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006


Others1 3.8 3.8 3.0 3.3 3.3 2.5

OCCUPATIONAL GROUPProfessional, Managers, Executives and Technicians 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.2Clerical, Sales and Service Workers 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.6Production and Transport Operators, Cleaners and Labourers 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.9 2.7 2.9



4.1 AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200776

Per Cent

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.0



Construction 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.7




77 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

4.2 AVERAGE MONTHLY RESIGNATION RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006

Per Cent

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006


Others1 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.7 1.9




SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200778 4.2 AVERAGE MONTHLY RESIGNATION RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation

TOTAL 2.8 2.0 2.2 1.5 3.6 2.9 2.9 1.9

Manufacturing 2.4 1.5 2.2 1.5 2.9 2.2 2.4 1.5Food, Beverages and Tobacco 3.0 2.5 1.8 1.5 3.9 3.2 3.0 2.5Paper Products and Printing 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 3.1 2.5 1.7 1.6Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 1.6 1.0 1.6 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.1Rubber and Plastic Products 2.6 2.2 2.7 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.6 2.1Fabricated Metal Products 2.6 2.1 2.2 1.9 2.7 2.4 2.8 2.1Machinery and Equipment 2.8 1.6 2.7 1.8 3.4 2.0 2.7 1.4Electrical Products 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.4 2.2 1.9 2.0 1.5Electronic Products 2.2 1.4 2.2 1.4 2.5 2.2 2.1 1.3Medical and Precision Instruments 2.6 1.6 2.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.7 1.6Transport Equipment 2.4 1.0 2.0 1.1 2.8 1.5 2.5 1.0Other Manufacturing Industries 2.5 2.0 1.7 1.6 3.7 3.4 2.4 1.8

Construction 2.9 1.7 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.1 3.0 1.5Services 3.0 2.2 2.2 1.5 3.8 3.0 3.6 2.6

Wholesale and Retail Trade 3.3 2.6 2.2 1.5 4.7 3.9 2.3 1.7Wholesale Trade 2.7 1.9 2.2 1.5 3.4 2.8 2.4 1.7Retail Trade 4.8 4.1 2.3 1.7 5.9 5.1 2.1 1.7

Transport and Storage 2.0 1.4 1.8 1.1 1.9 1.4 2.1 1.6Land Transport and Supporting Services 1.9 1.3 1.3 1.2 2.9 2.1 1.8 1.2Water Transport and Supporting Services 2.0 1.5 2.2 1.2 1.9 1.1 1.9 1.9Air Transport and Supporting Services 1.1 0.6 1.3 0.6 1.1 0.7 1.1 0.7Other Transport and Storage Services 2.7 2.0 1.9 1.5 2.9 2.3 2.9 2.0

Notes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and the public sector. 2) Data refer to the average for the year.

Total

Occupational Group

Professionals, Managers, Technicians and Executives

Clerical, Sales and Service Workers

Production and Transport Operators, Cleaners and

Labourers

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007


4.3 AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT AND RESIGNATION RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2006

79

Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation Recruitment Resignation

Hotels and Restaurants 5.1 4.4 3.2 2.5 5.7 4.8 4.9 4.7Hotels 3.4 2.7 3.0 2.8 3.7 2.9 3.0 2.2Restaurants 5.9 5.1 3.3 2.2 6.4 5.4 5.7 5.7

Information and Communications 3.1 2.0 2.9 1.9 3.7 2.6 3.8 2.7Broadcasting and Publishing 2.7 2.0 2.1 1.6 5.1 3.7 1.4 0.8Telecommunications 2.0 1.6 1.5 1.4 3.4 2.2 0.5 0.1IT and Other Information Services 3.8 2.2 3.9 2.2 2.6 2.1 6.1 4.4

Financial Services 2.8 1.9 2.7 1.8 2.6 1.9 4.3 3.4Financial Institutions 2.8 1.9 2.7 1.7 2.7 1.9 4.3 3.4Insurance 2.3 1.9 2.5 1.8 2.1 1.9 0.0 0.8

Real Estate and Leasing Services 4.3 3.1 2.1 1.6 2.9 2.3 6.1 4.2Professional Services 3.5 2.3 3.1 2.2 3.5 2.8 5.2 2.5

Legal, Accounting and Management Services 3.6 2.6 3.2 2.3 3.5 3.0 6.2 3.9Architectural and Engineering Services 3.7 2.0 3.3 2.1 3.2 2.2 4.9 1.9Other Professional Services 2.9 2.1 2.8 2.0 3.3 3.0 4.2 2.5

Administrative and Support Services 4.9 3.3 3.5 2.3 5.0 3.4 5.4 3.6Community, Social and Personal Services 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.0 2.3 1.7 1.7 1.4

Education and Public Administration 1.1 0.8 1.1 0.8 1.4 0.9 0.5 0.3Health and Social Services 2.0 1.4 1.9 1.3 2.4 1.7 2.0 1.1Other Community, Social and Personal Services 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.7 3.4 2.7 2.7 2.9

Others1 2.5 1.9 0.8 0.5 2.1 1.6 4.2 3.2

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNotes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector.


Total

Occupational Group




LabourersIndustry (SSIC 2005)

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200780 4.3 AVERAGE MONTHLY RECRUITMENT AND RESIGNATION RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2006 (continued)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 25,838 19,086 16,400 10,191 10,294 12,603


Manufacturing 14,440 9,141 7,230 4,483 6,809 8,810Food, Beverages and Tobacco 101 76 171 138 87 130Paper Products and Printing 131 431 211 53 63 37Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 312 254 266 487 143 118Rubber and Plastic Products 1,223 651 540 400 671 208Fabricated Metal Products 845 1,417 664 283 414 699Machinery and Equipment 1,136 964 481 342 382 399Electrical Products 616 796 247 366 367 167Electronic Products 8,902 3,776 3,717 1,652 4,094 6,473Medical and Precision Instruments 224 97 205 144 76 36Transport Equipment 224 187 326 118 23 100Other Manufacturing Industries 726 492 402 500 489 443

Construction 698 850 627 373 209 393

Services 10,497 9,013 8,278 5,022 3,263 3,333Wholesale and Retail Trade 2,955 2,307 2,288 1,236 919 892 Wholesale Trade 2,742 2,072 1,742 1,017 803 837 Retail Trade 213 235 546 219 116 55Transport and Storage 1,069 483 2,012 1,027 277 426 Land Transport and Supporting Services 179 38 456 47 26 30 Water Transport and Supporting Services 129 170 674 59 45 102 Air Transport and Supporting Services 320 15 662 804 55 174 Other Transport and Storage Services 441 260 220 117 151 120

Note : Prior to 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM each with at least 25 employees (shaded). From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200781

4.4 RETRENCHED WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Hotels and Restaurants 229 378 429 577 77 225 Hotels 53 230 223 332 3 92 Restaurants 176 148 206 245 74 133Information and Communications 1,621 1,701 794 462 589 590 Broadcasting and Publishing 493 302 109 109 184 96 Telecommunications 193 486 248 172 320 404 IT and Other Information Services 935 913 437 181 85 90Financial Services 2,497 2,764 1,532 1,008 686 391 Financial Institutions 2,362 2,635 1,437 932 662 380 Insurance 135 129 95 76 24 11Real Estate and Leasing Services 98 216 120 88 76 145Professional Services 1,611 900 652 257 309 254 Legal, Accounting and Management Services 1,125 466 238 132 103 112 Architectural and Engineering Services 175 173 295 83 180 100 Other Professional Services 311 261 119 42 26 42Administrative and Support Services 248 97 222 83 63 87Community, Social and Personal Services 169 167 229 284 267 323 Education and Public Administration 16 13 28 65 8 130 Health and Social Services 19 3 28 12 222 105 Other Community, Social and Personal Services 134 151 173 207 37 88

Others1 203 82 265 313 13 67

OCCUPATIONAL GROUPProfessional, Managers, Executives and Technicians 8,455 7,007 5,945 3,371 3,166 3,724Clerical, Sales and Service Workers 3,969 3,774 3,702 2,256 1,311 1,401Production and Transport Operators, Cleaners and Labourers 13,414 8,305 6,753 4,564 5,817 7,478

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNote : Prior to 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees (shaded).

From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200782 4.4 RETRENCHED WORKERS BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 24.7 18.2 15.8 9.7 9.3 9.5



Construction 4.6 5.9 4.8 3.0 1.6 2.8


Note : Prior to 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM each with at least 25 employees (shaded). From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200783

4.5 INCIDENCE OF RETRENCHMENT BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006

Number Retrenched Per 1,000 Paid Workers

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006


Others1 18.7 7.1 22.6 28.2 1.2 3.9


1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNote : Prior to 2006, data pertain to private sector establishments each with at least 25 employees (shaded).

From 2006 onwards, data also include the public sector.

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200784 4.5 INCIDENCE OF RETRENCHMENT BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

Number Retrenched Per 1,000 Paid Workers

Per Cent

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.7 2.2



Construction 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 1.0




SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200785

4.6 JOB VACANCY RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006

Per Cent

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006


Others1 2.6 3.4 2.3 2.4 2.0 2.4




SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200786 4.6 JOB VACANCY RATES BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2001 – 2006 (continued)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

TOTAL 29.6 2.2 13.1 2.5 7.7 2.4 8.8 1.8

Manufacturing 7.8 2.1 2.9 2.6 0.6 1.9 4.3 1.9Food, Beverages and Tobacco 0.3 1.8 0.1 2.2 0.1 2.1 0.1 1.6Paper Products and Printing 0.2 1.3 0.0 1.5 0.0 2.1 0.1 1.1Petroleum, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Products 0.3 1.5 0.2 1.7 0.0 0.7 0.1 1.5Rubber and Plastic Products 0.3 1.6 0.1 2.9 0.0 1.0 0.1 1.2Fabricated Metal Products 0.8 2.1 0.2 2.1 0.1 2.1 0.5 2.2Machinery and Equipment 1.2 2.7 0.4 3.2 0.1 2.7 0.7 2.4Electrical Products 0.1 1.6 0.0 1.7 0.0 1.3 0.1 1.6Electronic Products 2.4 2.4 1.2 2.8 0.1 2.9 1.0 2.0Medical and Precision Instruments 0.2 1.6 0.1 2.2 0.0 1.0 0.1 1.3Transport Equipment 1.7 2.2 0.5 3.4 0.1 1.1 1.2 1.9Other Manufacturing Industries 0.4 2.0 0.1 1.8 0.0 1.3 0.3 2.2

Construction 1.4 1.0 0.4 1.8 0.1 0.9 0.9 0.9Services 20.0 2.5 9.6 2.5 7.0 2.6 3.4 2.2

Wholesale and Retail Trade 3.0 1.9 1.1 1.8 1.5 2.2 0.3 1.1Wholesale Trade 1.8 1.6 1.0 1.9 0.6 1.6 0.2 1.1Retail Trade 1.2 2.3 0.1 1.5 1.0 2.8 0.1 1.1

Transport and Storage 2.9 2.7 0.8 2.8 0.8 2.3 1.3 3.1Land Transport and Supporting Services 0.4 1.6 0.0 1.0 0.0 1.5 0.3 1.8Water Transport and Supporting Services 1.1 4.0 0.2 1.7 0.1 1.3 0.9 6.8Air Transport and Supporting Services 1.0 3.8 0.4 6.8 0.6 3.3 0.0 0.4Other Transport and Storage Services 0.4 1.3 0.1 1.6 0.2 1.4 0.1 1.1

Notes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) Source : Labour Market Survey, MOM and the public sector. 2) Data refer to the average for the year. 3) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007


4.7 JOB VACANCIES AND JOB VACANCY RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2006

87

Total

Occupational Group




Labourers

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Vacancies ('000)

Vacancy Rate (%)

Hotels and Restaurants 2.0 2.9 0.3 2.6 1.3 3.0 0.5 2.9Hotels 0.7 3.6 0.1 2.8 0.5 4.1 0.2 3.4Restaurants 1.2 2.6 0.1 2.4 0.8 2.6 0.3 2.7

Information and Communications 0.9 2.1 0.7 2.1 0.1 1.7 0.0 1.7Broadcasting and Publishing 0.2 2.2 0.2 2.6 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.5Telecommunications 0.2 1.9 0.2 1.8 0.1 2.2 0.0 0.0IT and Other Information Services 0.4 2.1 0.4 2.2 0.0 1.3 0.0 2.7

Financial Services 1.4 1.7 1.1 2.0 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.7Financial Institutions 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.9 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.7Insurance 0.2 2.0 0.1 2.3 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.0

Real Estate and Leasing Services 0.7 1.5 0.2 1.6 0.2 2.2 0.3 1.2Professional Services 1.7 2.6 1.3 2.9 0.3 2.1 0.2 1.7

Legal, Accounting and Management Services 0.9 2.7 0.6 2.9 0.2 2.5 0.1 2.0Architectural and Engineering Services 0.5 2.3 0.4 2.7 0.0 1.7 0.1 1.6Other Professional Services 0.4 2.7 0.3 3.1 0.0 1.1 0.0 1.2

Administrative and Support Services 1.7 3.6 0.1 2.1 1.0 4.2 0.6 3.4Community, Social and Personal Services 5.8 2.9 3.9 3.0 1.5 3.0 0.3 1.9

Education and Public Administration 3.7 3.2 3.1 3.4 0.6 3.1 0.1 1.2Health and Social Services 1.2 2.4 0.6 2.0 0.4 3.2 0.2 3.2Other Community, Social and Personal Services 0.8 2.5 0.3 2.3 0.5 2.9 0.1 1.6

Others1 0.4 2.4 0.2 2.8 0.0 3.1 0.2 1.8

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Sewage & Waste Management. Source : Labour Market Survey, MOMNotes : 1) Data pertain to private sector establishments (each with at least 25 employees) and the public sector.

2) Data refer to the average for the year. 3) Data may not add up to the total due to rounding.


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 200788 4.7 JOB VACANCIES AND JOB VACANCY RATE BY INDUSTRY AND OCCUPATIONAL GROUP, 2006 (continued)

Total

Occupational Group




Labourers

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Annual Average 2.51 2.64 0.72 0.66 0.95 0.55 0.35 0.27 0.39 0.48 0.68

As at March 2.36 2.89 1.31 0.47 0.82 0.86 0.34 0.28 0.34 0.42 0.60

June 2.27 2.63 0.83 0.55 0.69 0.62 0.39 0.27 0.34 0.45 0.69

September 2.76 2.92 0.39 0.72 1.35 0.38 0.37 0.22 0.47 0.45 0.64

December 2.63 2.11 0.36 0.91 0.94 0.32 0.31 0.30 0.42 0.59 0.79

Note : Job Vacancy to Unemployed Person Ratio is calculated by taking the ratio of the estimate of Source : Ministry of Manpower the number of job vacancies for the whole economy to the total number of unemployed persons.

89

4.8 JOB VACANCY TO UNEMPLOYED PERSON RATIO, 1996 – 2006

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

(SEASONALLY ADJUSTED)

2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 32,545 117,135 97,587 75,736

Age (Years)

na na 3,124 2,313

20 – 29 na na 18,438 13,096

30 – 39 na na 21,341 14,780

40 – 49 na na 29,914 23,029

50 – 59 na na 20,472 17,490

60 and Over na na 4,298 5,028

Education

Primary and Below na na 23,278 19,034

Secondary na na 53,849 42,155

Post Secondary na na 8,647 6,540

Diploma na na 7,435 4,880

Degree na na 4,378 3,127

Notes : 1) Data for 2003 cover the period from September to December. Source : Singapore Workforce Development Agency 2) na : Data are not available as the classification system under the Public Employment System was developed in 2004. 3) Workforce Development Agency (WDA), set up in September 2003, has taken over the provision of employment services from the Ministry of Manpower. Local job seekers can go to Careerlink centres operated by WDA and its Distributed Careerlink Network (DCN) partners, comprising the Community Development Councils, National Trades Union Congress, Singapore National Employers Federation (SNEF), Singapore Professionals' and Executives' Cooperative (SPEC) and other self-help groups (SHGs). 4) SNEF, SPEC and SHGs have ceased participation in the DCN programme wef June, September and December 2006 respectively.

Under 20

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 90 4.9 JOB SEEKERS ATTENDED TO AT CAREERLINK CENTRES BY AGE AND EDUCATION, 2003 – 2006

2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 9,689 27,184 27,487 22,125

Age (Years)

Under 20 na na 890 723

20 – 29 na na 5,622 3,979

30 – 39 na na 6,023 4,348

40 – 49 na na 8,350 6,897

50 – 59 na na 5,544 4,944

60 and Over na na 1,058 1,234

Education

Primary and Below na na 6,453 5,457

Secondary na na 15,128 12,876

Post Secondary na na 2,407 1,858

Diploma na na 2,279 1,319

Degree na na 1,220 615

Notes : 1) Data for 2003 cover the period from September to December. Source : Singapore Workforce Development Agency 2) na : Data are not available as the classification system under the Public Employment System was developed in 2004. 3) Workforce Development Agency (WDA), set up in September 2003, has taken over the provision of employment services from the Ministry of Manpower . Local job seekers can go to Careerlink centres operated by WDA and its Distributed Careerlink Network (DCN) partners, comprising the Community Development Councils, National Trades Union Congress, Singapore National Employers Federation (SNEF), Singapore Professionals' and Executives' Cooperative (SPEC)and other self-help groups (SHGs). 4) SNEF, SPEC and SHGs have ceased participation in the DCN programme wef June, September and December 2006 respectively.

91

4.10 JOB SEEKERS PLACED IN EMPLOYMENT BY CAREERLINK CENTRES BY AGE AND EDUCATION, 2003 – 2006

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

LABOUR RELATIONS


LABOUR RELATIONS

Source of Data

Statistics on employers’ and employees’ trade unions and trade disputes are compiled by the Labour Relations Department of the Ministry of Manpower. The Labour Relations Department monitors the industrial relations situation and provides mediation and conciliation services for the settlement of trade disputes. The Department also investigates complaints on infringements of the Employment Act which governs the terms and conditions of employment. Statistics on collective agreements and Industrial Arbitration Court awards are obtained from the Industrial Arbitration Court (IAC). IAC was set up in 1960 under the Industrial Relations Act. Its functions include the registration and certification of collective agreements, hearing and determination of trade disputes and handing down of awards and interpretation and enforcement of terms of awards and collective agreements.


A trade union is a group of employers or workers formed mainly to regulate relations between employers and workers to :

• promote good industrial relations;

• improve the working conditions of workers or enhance their economic and social status; and

• raise the productivity for the benefit of workers, employers and the overall economy.

A trade dispute refers to any dispute between and among workers and employers regarding employment, non-employment, the terms of employment or the conditions of work. A collective agreement is an agreement between employers and employees on employment, non-employment, the terms of employment or the conditions of work. The duration of a collective agreement is specified and by law shall not be less than 2 years or more than 3 years.


An Industrial Arbitration Court

award refers to an award made by the IAC, and includes a collective agreement and a memorandum of the terms which have been certified by the President of the IAC in accordance with the provision of the Industrial Relations Act.

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Under 50 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

50 – 249 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

250 and Over 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Source : Labour Relations Department, MOM

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Manufacturing 1 1 1 1 – – – – – – –

Transport, Storage and 1 1 1 1 – – – – – – – Communications

Community, Social and – – – – 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Personal Services

Others1 1 1 1 1 – – – – – – –

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Mixed Activities and Activities Not Adequately Defined. Source : Labour Relations Department, MOM

SSIC 1990 SSIC 2000

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 95

Size of Trade Union (Number of Members)

(At Year–end)5.1 EMPLOYERS' TRADE UNIONS BY SIZE OF TRADE UNION, 1996 – 2006

5.2 EMPLOYERS' TRADE UNIONS BY INDUSTRY, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)

Industry

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1,377 1,522 1,780 1,807 1,827 1,971 2,047 2,052 1,981 1,950 2,258

Under 50 15 16 16 16 15 15 16 15 15 15 15

50 – 249 132 148 134 134 134 143 125 122 119 115 113

250 and Over 1,230 1,358 1,630 1,657 1,678 1,813 1,906 1,915 1,847 1,820 2,130


1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1,377 1,522 1,780 1,807 1,827 1,971 2,047 2,052 1,981 1,950 2,258

Manufacturing 132 148 134 134 – – – – – – –

Transport, Storage and 15 16 16 16 – – – – – – – Communications

Community, Social and – – – – 1,827 1,971 2,047 2,052 1,981 1,950 2,258 Personal ServicesOthers1 1,230 1,358 1,630 1,657 – – – – – – –

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Mixed Activities and Activities Not Adequately Defined. Source : Labour Relations Department, MOM

SSIC 2000Industry

96

5.4 MEMBERSHIP OF EMPLOYERS' TRADE UNIONS BY INDUSTRY, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)

5.3 MEMBERSHIP OF EMPLOYERS' TRADE UNIONS BY SIZE OF TRADE UNION, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

SSIC 1990

TOTAL 83 82 80 76 72 71 70 68 68 68 69

Under 50 1 1 – – – – – – – – –

50 – 249 9 9 10 9 8 8 7 5 6 6 8

250 – 999 31 30 29 26 26 20 21 22 21 21 20

1,000 – 4,999 27 27 26 24 20 25 22 22 22 23 23

5,000 – 9,999 9 8 7 8 9 6 7 6 6 5 4

10,000 and Over 6 7 8 9 9 12 13 13 13 13 14


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 97

200620031997 1998 1999 20001996

5.5 EMPLOYEES' TRADE UNIONS BY SIZE OF TRADE UNION, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)

Size of Trade Union (Number of Members) 2001 2002 2004 2005

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 83 82 80 76 TOTAL 72 71 70 68 68 68 69

Manufacturing 22 21 21 20 Manufacturing 17 16 15 15 15 15 15

Construction 2 2 2 2 Construction 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Commerce 4 4 3 3 Wholesale and Retail Trade 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Hotels and Restaurants 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Transport, Storage and 18 18 18 17 Transport, Storage and 14 14 14 14 14 14 16 Communications Communications

Financial, Insurance, 31 31 30 29 Financial Services 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Real Estate and Business Services; and Business and 5 5 5 5 5 5 3 Community, Social and Real Estate Services Personal Services

Community, Social 24 24 24 23 23 23 24 and Personal Services

Others1 6 6 6 5 Others1 4 4 4 3 3 3 3

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Activities Not Adequately Defined. Source : Labour Relations Department, MOM

98 5.6 EMPLOYEES' TRADE UNIONS BY INDUSTRY, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)

Industry (SSIC 1990) Industry (SSIC 2000)

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 255,020 260,130 272,769 289,707 314,478 338,311 389,676 417,166 443,893 450,004 463,384

Under 50 26 26 – – – – – – – – –

50 – 249 1,451 1,329 1,490 1,386 1,257 1,224 1,045 674 893 893 1,325

250 – 999 16,765 16,858 16,448 14,977 15,415 10,104 10,837 12,123 11,612 11,451 10,993

1,000 – 4,999 55,055 57,152 57,698 54,902 45,931 54,887 45,642 49,538 52,103 58,726 63,076

5,000 – 9,999 67,240 58,974 51,757 58,011 68,315 39,730 40,902 36,536 36,542 33,456 27,093

10,000 and Over 114,483 125,791 145,376 160,431 183,560 232,366 291,250 318,295 342,743 345,478 360,897


99

5.7 MEMBERSHIP OF EMPLOYEES' TRADE UNIONS BY SIZE OF TRADE UNION, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 255,020 260,130 272,769 289,707 TOTAL 314,478 338,311 389,676 417,166 443,893 450,004 463,384

Manufacturing 75,994 75,221 79,969 82,714 Manufacturing 82,686 87,948 97,229 99,221 103,861 103,790 106,071

Construction 7,401 8,234 8,847 10,164 Construction 12,841 14,513 18,074 21,540 23,347 23,121 23,407

Commerce 13,362 13,208 14,314 14,667 Wholesale and Retail Trade 31,037 36,537 50,052 60,724 70,885 73,682 74,510

Hotels and Restaurants 20,719 22,777 26,830 29,872 34,212 34,579 35,789

Transport, Storage and 51,056 52,378 54,351 62,193 Transport, Storage and 65,841 68,961 74,059 74,109 74,589 76,434 78,989 Communications Communications

Financial, Insurance, 70,957 72,921 73,462 74,746 Financial Services 15,876 16,911 18,562 18,390 18,890 18,943 18,998 Real Estate and Business Services; and Business and 1,405 1,455 1,814 2,140 2,494 3,131 3,657 Community, Social and Real Estate Services Personal Services

Community, Social 58,026 57,789 60,771 61,135 62,810 63,272 66,648 and Personal Services

Others1 36,250 38,168 41,826 45,223 Others1 26,047 31,420 42,285 50,035 52,805 53,052 55,315

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Activities Not Adequately Defined. Source : Labour Relations Department, MOM

100

Industry (SSIC 1990) Industry (SSIC 2000)

5.8 MEMBERSHIP OF EMPLOYEES' TRADE UNIONS BY INDUSTRY, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Number of Industrial 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Stoppages


1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 309 253 291 246 231 266 260 252 182 163 163

Wage Increase and 190 157 144 132 142 128 126 140 100 92 74 Conditions of Service

Retrenchment Benefits 21 14 46 33 19 37 48 27 18 11 14

Bonus or Gratuity 19 31 26 24 19 27 25 25 18 17 30

Other Industrial Matters 79 51 75 57 51 74 61 60 46 43 45 (e.g. Sales Commission, Shift Allowances, etc.)


101

5.9 INDUSTRIAL STOPPAGES, 1996 – 2006

5.10 TRADE DISPUTES REFERRED TO THE CONCILIATION SECTION BY NATURE OF TRADE DISPUTES, 1996 – 2006

Nature of Trade Disputes

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

TOTAL 309 253 291 246 231 266 260 252 182 163 163

Manufacturing 110 89 84 77 89 116 89 75 75 64 41

Construction 3 4 1 2 – 5 – 2 8 8 4

Commerce 54 42 85 65 44 29 44 60 22 21 45

Transport, Storage and 33 19 26 23 27 27 34 29 33 31 40 Communications

Financial, Insurance, Real Estate 109 99 95 79 71 88 93 86 42 38 33 and Business Services; and Community, Social and Personal Services

Others1 – – – – – 1 – – 2 1 –

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Activities not adequately defined. Source : Labour Relations Department, MOM

SSIC 1990 SSIC 2000

20001997 1998 1999 2005

102

2001 20062002 2003

5.11 TRADE DISPUTES REFERRED TO THE CONCILIATION SECTION BY INDUSTRY, 1996– 2006

1996 2004

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Industry

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 7,730 10,052 14,378 14,143 11,561 19,107 20,753 15,493 11,817 11,395 13,878

Arrears of Wages 2,324 2,366 5,626 6,244 5,087 8,107 9,689 6,690 6,422 5,623 5,986

Wages in Lieu of Notice 1,191 1,085 1,107 827 687 1,295 885 906 865 991 1,104

Wages in Lieu of Annual Leave 1,052 1,349 1,055 790 562 1,122 809 589 432 618 854

Wages for Work on Rest Days 730 1,264 1,252 771 389 688 325 435 126 217 250

Wages for Work on Holidays 891 1,365 1,482 848 488 1,126 702 578 251 400 692

Overtime Wages 922 1,308 1,111 1,147 829 1,575 2,005 1,080 1,171 883 1,358

Sick Leave Wages 81 132 240 141 244 419 463 585 185 219 949

Maternity Allowance 21 16 31 17 12 28 25 15 20 45 48

Other Claims 518 1,167 2,474 3,358 3,263 4,747 5,850 4,615 2,345 2,399 2,637


Nature of Claim

5.12 CLAIMS REGISTERED WITH THE INDIVIDUAL DISPUTES SECTION BY NATURE OF CLAIM, 1996 – 2006

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007 103

TOTAL 398 524 456 376 437 407 348 377 397 348 399

Professional, Managers, 56 63 60 41 68 40 43 42 47 59 65 Executives and Technicians

Clerical, Sales and Service Workers 78 108 73 74 103 62 58 71 50 52 61

Production and Transport Operators, 54 68 63 60 54 72 42 47 60 34 56 Cleaners and Labourers

Others (combination of 2nd 210 285 260 201 212 233 205 217 240 203 217 and 3rd categories)

Source : Industrial Arbitration Court, MOM

TOTAL 398 524 456 376 437 407 348 377 397 348 399

Private Enterprise 393 513 441 369 426 398 339 366 383 340 389

Statutory Board 5 9 12 5 9 9 8 10 14 8 9

Government – 2 3 2 2 – 1 1 – – 1


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1996

5.13 COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS CERTIFIED BY TYPE OF WORKERS COVERED, 1996 – 2006

2006

5.14 COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS CERTIFIED BY TYPE OF ORGANISATIONS, 1996 – 2006

200619991997

1997Type of Workers Covered

Type of Organisations

2002

2002

2000

2001

20011996 1999

1998

1998 2005

20052000

2003

2003

2004

2004

TOTAL 14 14 19 20 15 23 18 38 26 22 16

Variations of Awards/ 10 11 10 12 8 18 15 31 15 16 14 Collective Agreements

Continuation of Awards/ 1 2 4 4 1 3 – 4 6 3 1 Collective Agreements

Non-compliance of Awards/ 1 – 4 2 – 1 2 1 1 2 – Collective Agreements

Interpretation of Awards/ – – – – – – – – – – – Collective Agreements

Claim for Salary, Terms and – 1 – – 4 1 – 1 1 – 1 Conditions of Service, including Fringe Benefits

Retrenchment 1 – 1 2 1 – 1 1 1 1 –

Recognition – – – – – – – – – – –

Dismissal/Victimisation – – – – – – – – – – –

Contempt of Court (sec. 57) 1 – – – 1 – – – – – –

Directed by Minister – – – – – – – – 2 – –


2006

5.15 TRADE DISPUTES REFERRED TO THE INDUSTRIAL ARBITRATION COURT BYNATURE OF TRADE DISPUTES, 1996 – 2006

Nature of Trade Disputes 1996 1997 2004 2005

105

200320021998 1999 2000 2001

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

TOTAL 11 12 10 12 9 18 17 30 18 16 15

Variations of Awards/ 9 12 10 12 8 17 15 29 16 16 14 Collective Agreements

Continuation of Awards/ – – – – – – – – 1 – – Collective Agreements

Non–compliance of Awards/ 1 – – – 1 – 1 1 1 – 1 Collective Agreements

Interpretation of Awards/ – – – – – – – – – – – Collective Agreements

Proposals for Salary, Terms and – – – – – 1 – – – – – Conditions of Service, including Fringe Benefits

Retrenchment – – – – – – 1 – – – –

Recognition – – – – – – – – – – –

Dismissal – – – – – – – – – – –

Contempt of Court Awards 1 – – – – – – – – – –


106 5.16 INDUSTRIAL ARBITRATION COURT AWARDS BY NATURE OF TRADE DISPUTES, 1996 – 2006

Nature of Trade Disputes 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

20042001 20062002 2003 2005

TOTAL 11 12 10 12 9 18 17 30 18 16 15

Professional, Managers, 3 3 1 1 – 4 1 1 4 3 5 Executives and Technicians

Clerical, Sales and Service Workers – 2 2 1 – 3 4 1 3 1 1

Production and Transport Operators, – – 1 2 – 5 2 1 1 2 – Cleaners and Labourers

Others (combination of 2nd 8 7 6 8 9 6 10 27 10 10 9 and 3rd categories)


TOTAL 11 12 10 12 9 18 17 30 18 16 15

Private Enterprise 10 11 10 12 9 18 16 30 18 14 15

Statutory Board 1 1 – – – – 1 – – 2 –

Government – – – – – – – – – – –


2004 2006

5.18 INDUSTRIAL ARBITRATION COURT AWARDS BY TYPE OF ORGANISATIONS, 1996 – 2006

1996 1997 1998 20032002 2005

5.17 INDUSTRIAL ARBITRATION COURT AWARDS BY TYPE OF WORKERS COVERED, 1996 – 2006

1996 20061997Type of Workers Covered 20031999 2004 2005

107

Type of Organisations

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007

20021998 2000 2001

1999 2000 2001

WORKPLACE INJURIES AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES


WORKPLACE INJURIES AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES Source of Data

Data on factories, workplace injuries and occupational diseases are compiled by the Occupational Safety and Health Division of the Ministry of Manpower in the administration of legal requirements under the Workplace Safety and Health Act. Data on factories are collected from employers and occupiers when they apply for factory registration or when they update their factory registration records. Data on workplace injuries and occupational diseases are collected from incident reports made by employers, occupiers and medical practitioners in the fulfilment of their obligations under the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations.

The Occupational Safety and Health Division monitors and enforces safety and health standards in workplaces. It also promotes self-regulation in workplaces and the management of safety and health through industry ownership and good risk management. Coverage

The types of workplace injuries and occupational diseases covered in the reported statistics include the following:

• Workplace injuries sustained by employees and resulting in more than 3 consecutive days of medical leave;

• Workplace injuries sustained by employees and resulting in at least 24 hours of hospitalization;

• Workplace accidents resulting in the death of employees, self-employed persons and persons not at work;

• Workplace accidents resulting in the injury of self-employed persons and persons not at work who have to be taken to the hospital for treatment;

• Dangerous occurrences listed in the Second Schedule of the Workplace Safety and Health Act; and

• Occupational diseases listed in the Third Schedule of the Workplace Safety and Health Act


A workplace accident is an

unexpected and unplanned occurrence, arising out of or in connection with work which results in one or more workers incurring a personal injury, disease (acute) or death.


A workplace injury is any personal injury, disease (acute) or death resulting from a workplace accident.

An occupational disease is a disease (chronic) contracted as a result of an exposure over a period of time to risk factors arising from work activity.

The workplace injury rate is defined as the number of workplace injuries per 100,000 persons employed.

The workplace fatality rate is defined as the number of workplace fatalities per 100,000 persons employed.

The workplace accident

frequency rate is defined as the number of workplace accidents per million man-hours worked.

The workplace accident severity

rate is defined as the number of man-days lost to workplace accidents per million man-hours worked.

The degree of disablement of a workplace accident is defined as :

• fatal if it results in death;

• permanent disablement if it leads to an injury, other than fatal, which results in the complete loss or loss of use of any member or part of a member of the body; and

• temporary disablement if it leads to an injury, other than fatal and permanent disablement, which results in more than 3 days of medical leave, or at least 24 hours of hospitalization.

A confirmed case of occupational disease is one where there is definite evidence that the worker suffers from a disease which is related to his occupation.

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 16,605 16,873 15,928 16,151 16,801 16,693 16,698 16,455 16,695 17,233 18,647

Manufacturing 8,608 8,858 8,790 8,945 9,092 9,125 9,135 9,235 9,508 9,433 9,613 Shipbuilding and 83 80 84 91 88 88 88 89 88 87 96 Ship Repairing

Construction 5,580 5,558 4,648 4,580 5,005 4,668 4,430 3,975 3,814 4,152 5,023

Services 2,319 2,403 2,442 2,484 2,580 2,780 3,013 3,124 3,260 3,588 3,589

Wholesale and Retail Trade 131 116 117 104 93 90 81 77 131 210 246

Hotels and Restaurants 132 159 155 165 170 197 200 200 210 211 212

Transport, Storage and 683 704 715 745 744 815 911 979 1,024 1,045 1,180 Communications

Business and Real Estate 32 70 86 114 202 234 263 303 344 492 532 Services

Community, Social 1,341 1,354 1,369 1,356 1,371 1,444 1,558 1,565 1,551 1,630 1,419 and Personal Services

Others1 98 54 48 142 124 120 120 121 113 50 242

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Activities Not Adequately Defined. Source : Occupational Safety and Health Division, MOMNote : The Factories Act was replaced by the Workplace Safety and Health Act with effect from 1 March 2007.111

6.1 FACTORIES REGISTERED UNDER THE FACTORIES ACT/WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT BY INDUSTRY, 1996 – 2006

(At Year–end)


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Total Fatal Permanent Disablement

Temporary Disablement

TOTAL 9,261 62 168 9,031

Manufacturing (excluding shipbuilding and ship repairing) 2,748 7 82 2,659

Metalworking1 1,244 1 44 1,199

Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing 638 10 16 612

Construction 2,415 24 27 2,364

Other Sectors 3,460 21 43 3,396

Wholesale and Retail Trade 360 – 7 353

Transport and Storage 604 12 10 582

Hotels and Restaurants 578 – 5 573

Information and Communications 27 – – 27

Financial and Insurance Services 82 – – 82

Real Estate, Rental and Business Activities 416 4 5 407

Health and Social Work 173 – – 173

Others 1,220 5 16 1,199

1 Include Manufacture of Basic Metals, Fabricated Metal Products, Source : Occupational Safety and Health Division, MOM Machinery and Equipment, and Electrical Machinery and Equipment.

Notes : 1) Figures are based on incident reports made under the Factories Act (Jan-Feb 2006) and the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations (Mar-Dec 2006). 2) Figures are victim-based.

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6.2 WORKPLACE INJURIES BY INDUSTRY AND DEGREE OF DISABLEMENT, 2006


Fatality Rate Injury Rate Accident Frequency Rate

Accident Severity Rate

TOTAL 3.1 469 1.9 125

Manufacturing (excluding shipbuilding and ship repairing) 1.7 662 2.6 93

Metalworking1 0.9 1,109 4.1 109

Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing 9.8 622 2.2 257

Construction 9.4 945 3.5 272

Other Sectors 1.7 288 1.3 86

Wholesale and Retail Trade – 99 0.4 17

Transport and Storage 6.7 337 1.4 242

Hotels and Restaurants – 396 1.9 31

Information and Communications – 37 0.2 4

Financial and Insurance Services – 64 0.3 5

Real Estate, Rental and Business Activities 1.4 141 0.6 12

Health and Social Work – 253 1.1 20


Notes : 1) Figures are based on incident reports made under the Factories Act (Jan-Feb 2006) and the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations (Mar-Dec 2006). 2) Fatality rate refers to the number of workplace fatalities per 100,000 employed. Figures used are victim-based. 3) Injury rate refers to the number of fatal and non-fatal workplace injuries per 100,000 employed. Figures used are victim-based. 4) Accident frequency rate refers to the number of workplace accidents per million man-hours worked. Figures used are incident-based. 5) Accident severity rate refers to the number of man-days lost to workplace accidents per million man-hours worked.

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6.3 WORKPLACE SAFETY AND HEALTH INDICATORS BY INDUSTRY, 2006


Fall of Persons

Struck by Falling Objects

Step on, Strike

against or by Objects

Caught in or between Objects

Fire / Explosions

Contact with Hot

Substances/ Objects

Exposed/ Contact with

Electricity


Harmful Substances

Others Total

TOTAL 2,156 1,126 2,441 1,185 39 190 21 88 2,015 9,261

Manufacturing (excluding shipbuilding 424 327 851 511 7 51 6 43 528 2,748 and ship repairing)

Metalworking1 161 194 414 237 3 9 1 12 213 1,244

Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing 104 102 179 115 4 15 1 9 109 638

Construction 596 362 661 275 4 14 5 16 482 2,415

Other Sectors 1,032 335 750 284 24 110 9 20 896 3,460Wholesale and Retail Trade 104 47 85 22 3 5 1 3 90 360Transport and Storage 173 69 142 71 3 11 1 1 133 604Hotels and Restaurants 163 33 123 21 4 51 4 4 175 578Information and Communications 6 2 7 6 0 0 0 0 6 27Financial and Insurance Services 27 7 22 14 0 0 0 0 12 82Real Estate, Rental and Business Activities 126 43 100 43 2 16 0 4 82 416Health and Social Work 48 10 33 17 0 2 0 4 59 173Others 385 124 238 90 12 25 3 4 339 1,220


Notes : 1) Figures are based on incident reports made under the Factories Act (Jan-Feb 2006) and the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations (Mar-Dec 2006). 2) Figures are victim-based. 3) Figures include both fatal and non-fatal injuries.

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6.4 WORKPLACE INJURIES BY TYPE OF ACCIDENT AND INDUSTRY, 2006


Fall of Persons

Struck by Falling Objects

Step on, Strike

against or by Objects

Caught in or between Objects

Fire / Explosions

Contact with Hot

Substances/ Objects


Electricity


Harmful Substances/Rad

iations

Others Total

TOTAL 25 13 6 7 3 – 1 1 6 62

Manufacturing (excluding shipbuilding 3 – – 2 – – – 1 1 7 and ship repairing)

Metalworking1 – – – – – – – – 1 1

Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing 2 4 – 1 1 – – – 2 10

Construction 15 5 1 2 – – – – 1 24

Other Sectors 5 4 5 2 2 – 1 – 2 21Wholesale and Retail Trade – – – – – – – – – – Transport and Storage 2 3 3 1 – – 1 – 2 12Hotels and Restaurants – – – – – – – – – – Information and Communications – – – – – – – – – – Financial and Insurance Services – – – – – – – – – – Real Estate, Rental and Business Activities 2 1 1 – – – – – – 4Health and Social Work – – – – – – – – – – Others 1 – 1 1 2 – – – – 5


Notes : 1) Figures are based on incident reports made under the Factories Act (Jan-Feb 2006) and the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations (Mar-Dec 2006). 2) Figures are victim-based.

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6.5 WORKPLACE FATALITIES BY TYPE OF ACCIDENT AND INDUSTRY, 2006


Total EyesHead and

NeckTrunk Hand/

FingersArm/

ShoulderFoot/ Toes

Leg/ Ankle

Multiple Injuries Others

TOTAL 9,261 319 631 684 3,834 1,094 622 1,352 573 152

Machines 995 12 38 23 741 84 16 50 22 9

Metalworking Machines 233 4 5 2 198 13 2 7 2 –

Machinery used in Construction/Building Industry 129 2 8 6 71 15 6 14 6 1

Lifting Equipment 354 2 22 24 145 28 36 58 34 5

Transport Equipment/Vehicles 496 1 35 48 106 59 71 125 44 7

Working Environment 1,957 31 176 219 283 372 122 509 212 33

Floors/ Level Surfaces 1,199 28 110 122 215 227 73 293 110 21

Ladders/ Mobile Ramps 290 0 23 27 14 86 23 72 37 8

Scaffolding and Staging 274 2 39 45 36 32 10 62 45 3

Stairs and Steps 194 1 4 25 18 27 16 82 20 1

Electrical Equipment 287 9 11 12 185 32 8 21 6 3

Others 5,172 264 349 358 2,374 519 369 589 255 95

Notes : 1) Figures are based on incident reports made under Source : Occupational Safety and Health Division, MOM and the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations (Mar-Dec 2006).

2) Figures are victim-based. 3) Figures include both fatal and non-fatal injuries.

116 6.6 WORKPLACE INJURIES BY AGENCY OF ACCIDENT AND PART OF BODY INJURED, 2006

Agency of Accident

SIN

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1,518 1,037 884 863 527 546 504 414 357 517 657

Noise Induced Deafness 1,302 861 674 659 366 359 339 300 251 391 535Early 1,277 843 663 646 354 345 323 294 247 384 527Compensable 25 18 11 13 12 14 16 6 4 7 8

Industrial Dermatitis 111 126 132 116 93 118 99 67 81 84 89

Occupational Asthma 7 7 3 2 3 4 3 – 1 1 2

Compressed Air Illness/Barotrauma – – 1 2 29 – 30 16 10 10 8

Poisoning/Excessive Absorption of Chemicals 64 30 53 48 23 36 23 20 6 24 5Excessive Absorption of Chemicals 45 30 47 48 22 36 12 20 6 24 5Chemical Poisoning 19 – 6 – 1 – 11 – – – –

Silicosis 2 1 1 5 2 3 – 1 1 1 –

Asbestosis – 1 – 3 – 1 – – – 2 –

Repetitive Strain Disorder of the Upper Limb 4 – 4 6 3 3 6 10 7 3 8

Others 28 11 16 22 8 22 4 81a 23b 1 10

a Includes 77 work-related SARS cases. Source : Occupational Safety and Health Division, MOMb Includes 20 work-related SARS cases.

Notes : 1) Figures are based on incident reports made under the Factories Act (Jan-Feb 2006) and the Workplace Safety and Health (Incident Reporting) Regulations (Mar-Dec 2006).

2) Figures are victim-based.

6.7 CONFIRMED CASES OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE (CHRONIC) BY TYPE OF DISEASE, 1996 – 2006

Type of Disease

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SOCIAL SECURITY


SOCIAL SECURITY Source of Data

Statistics on Central Provident Fund

(CPF) members are compiled by the Central Provident Fund Board. Definitions and Notes

An Active CPF member refers to a

person who has at least one employment CPF contribution paid for him for the current or any of the preceding three months.

All CPF members have three

accounts with the CPF Board – the Ordinary, Medisave and Special Accounts. Savings in the Ordinary Account can be used to buy a home, pay for CPF insurance (such as Dependents’ Protection Scheme and Home Protection Scheme), investment and education. Medisave savings can be used for hospitalisation expenses, approved medical insurance and certain outpatient treatments while savings in the Special Account are reserved for old age, investment in retirement-related financial products and contingency purposes.

Both the employer and the employee make monthly contributions to the CPF. The employer is liable to pay the total CPF contributions, and is entitled to recover the employee's contribution from the employee's wages. Workers aged 50 and below contribute 33% of their income every month. Older workers above 50 contribute less. From 1 January 2006, the contribution rate of workers aged 50 – 55 was reduced from 30% to 27%.

For pensionable officers in the public sector, the CPF rates are pegged at 75% of the private sector rates from 1 January 1996.


The CPF contribution rates for employees in the private sector aged 50 years and below with effect from 1 January to 31 December 2006 are :

Employee’s Total Wages Total CPF Contribution Employee’s Contribution

Not exceeding $50 Nil Nil

Exceeding $50 but not exceeding $500

13% of total wages. Nil

Exceeding $500 but not exceeding $750

The sum of : a) 13% of total wages;

and b) 0.6 of the difference

between total wages and $500.

0.6 of the difference between total wages and $500.

Exceeding $750

The sum of : a) 33% of ordinary wages,

subject to a maximum of $1,485; and

b) 33% of additional wages.

The sum of : a) 20% of ordinary wages,

subject to a maximum of $900; and

b) 20% of additional wages.

Per Cent

Jan 1996 – Dec 1998Up to 35 years 40.0 20.0 20.0 30.0 4.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 40.0 20.0 20.0 29.0 4.0 7.0Above 45 – 55 years 40.0 20.0 20.0 28.0 4.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 20.0 7.5 12.5 12.0 – 8.0Above 60 – 65 years 15.0 7.5 7.5 7.0 – 8.0Above 65 years 10.0 5.0 5.0 2.0 – 8.0

Jan 1999 – Mar 2000Up to 35 years 30.0 10.0 20.0 24.0 0.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 30.0 10.0 20.0 23.0 0.0 7.0Above 45 – 55 years 30.0 10.0 20.0 22.0 0.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 16.5 4.0 12.5 8.5 – 8.0Above 60 – 65 years 9.5 2.0 7.5 1.5 – 8.0Above 65 years 7.0 2.0 5.0 0.0 – 7.0

Apr 2000 – Dec 2000Up to 35 years 32.0 12.0 20.0 24.0 2.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 32.0 12.0 20.0 23.0 2.0 7.0Above 45 – 55 years 32.0 12.0 20.0 22.0 2.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 17.0 4.5 12.5 9.0 – 8.0Above 60 – 65 years 10.0 2.5 7.5 2.0 – 8.0Above 65 years 7.5 2.5 5.0 0.0 – 7.5

From Jan 2001– Sep 2003Up to 35 years 36.0 16.0 20.0 26.0 4.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 36.0 16.0 20.0 23.0 6.0 7.0Above 45 – 55 years 36.0 16.0 20.0 22.0 6.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 18.5 6.0 12.5 10.5 – 8.0

Note : 0% means no contribution because of CPF cut. Source : Central Provident Fund Board121 S

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Contribution Rates Credited Into

MedisaveBy Employer By EmployeeTotalDate/Age

7.1 CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND CONTRIBUTION RATES, 1996 – 2006

Ordinary Account Special Account

Per Cent

From Jan 2001– Sep 2003Above 60 – 65 years 11.0 3.5 7.5 2.5 – 8.5Above 65 years 8.5 3.5 5.0 – – 8.5

From Oct 2003 – Dec 2004Up to 35 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 22.0 5.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 20.0 6.0 7.0Above 45 – 55 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 18.0 7.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 18.5 6.0 12.5 10.5 – 8.0Above 60 – 65 years 11.0 3.5 7.5 2.5 – 8.5Above 65 years 8.5 3.5 5.0 – – 8.5

From Jan 2005 – Dec 2005Up to 35 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 22.0 5.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 20.0 6.0 7.0Above 45 – 50 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 18.0 7.0 8.0Above 50 – 55 years 30.0 11.0 19.0 15.0 7.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 18.5 6.0 12.5 10.5 – 8.0Above 60 – 65 years 11.0 3.5 7.5 2.5 – 8.5Above 65 years 8.5 3.5 5.0 – – 8.5

From Jan 2006 – Dec 2006Up to 35 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 22.0 5.0 6.0Above 35 – 45 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 20.0 6.0 7.0Above 45 – 50 years 33.0 13.0 20.0 18.0 7.0 8.0Above 50 – 55 years 27.0 9.0 18.0 12.0 7.0 8.0Above 55 – 60 years 18.5 6.0 12.5 10.5 – 8.0Above 60 – 65 years 11.0 3.5 7.5 2.5 – 8.5Above 65 years 8.5 3.5 5.0 – – 8.5

Source : Central Provident Fund Board

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7.1 CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND CONTRIBUTION RATES, 1996 – 2006 (continued)

By EmployerTotal

Contribution Rates Credited Into

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1,193,852 1,224,195 1,198,155 1,224,470 1,272,856 1,269,641 1,283,707 1,282,984 1,324,368 1,381,068 1,461,949

Up to 20 33,088 35,523 26,473 31,611 34,953 27,879 28,938 27,217 31,043 33,966 38,904

> 20 – 25 129,763 123,050 110,416 108,708 110,964 103,879 103,394 100,595 103,049 104,414 107,080

> 25 – 30 198,694 200,475 198,181 199,422 199,945 196,886 191,651 184,165 184,345 189,032 193,241

> 30 – 35 206,978 205,995 199,247 196,202 197,514 195,161 197,659 199,700 205,099 210,064 217,622

> 35 – 40 191,161 194,026 190,699 192,417 197,265 195,532 193,411 190,360 190,883 195,483 203,069

> 40 – 45 160,409 168,944 169,566 174,637 182,364 183,042 183,299 182,950 187,208 193,116 200,957

> 45 – 50 123,548 129,979 131,278 136,446 145,868 151,621 156,912 160,607 166,943 174,146 182,958

> 50 – 55 63,191 74,516 81,163 91,467 104,808 109,868 113,686 116,534 122,919 131,438 143,962

> 55 – 60 46,054 47,641 46,447 46,095 46,406 50,583 58,686 64,579 73,399 84,888 95,428

Above 60 40,706 43,871 44,554 47,361 52,707 55,149 56,032 56,263 59,463 64,505 78,710

Unspecified 260 175 131 104 62 41 39 14 17 16 18

Note : Data exclude self-employed persons. Source : Central Provident Fund Board

123

(At Year–end)

Age (Years)

7.2 ACTIVE CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND MEMBERS BY AGE, 1996 – 2006

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1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1,193,852 1,224,195 1,198,155 1,224,470 1,272,856 1,269,641 1,283,707 1,282,984 1,324,368 1,381,068 1,461,949

Below $400 49,608 48,976 45,275 48,381 47,672 46,281 40,401 40,277 40,794 42,966 48,733

$ 400 – $ 799 105,394 101,485 98,419 97,498 100,326 100,310 113,662 116,493 114,020 121,049 133,898

$ 800 – $ 999 75,001 65,126 61,149 61,788 57,268 54,177 53,177 53,622 60,353 62,876 67,235

$1,000 – $1,499 245,788 228,272 218,990 212,570 193,204 184,939 181,343 179,102 178,516 175,922 178,482

$1,500 – $1,999 213,274 214,794 209,019 208,539 203,955 202,393 198,290 196,138 195,621 191,461 192,377

$2,000 – $2,999 248,027 267,126 265,715 277,942 292,231 295,076 296,554 294,303 300,828 315,050 324,409

$3,000 – $4,499 – – – – – – – – – – 254,837

$4,500 and Above – – – – – – – – – – 261,963

$3,000 – $4,999 157,471 188,820 187,997 199,449 229,951 230,958 239,389 241,519 257,695 275,379 –

$5,000 and Above – – – – – – – – – 196,348 –

$5,000 – $5,999 33,396 34,539 35,484 39,000 47,009 48,786 49,979 49,876 – – –

Over $5,999 59,747 67,877 74,034 77,649 99,087 106,668 110,870 111,607 – – –

$5,000 – $5,499 – – – – – – – – 32,908 – –

Over $5,499 – – – – – – – – 143,568 – –

Unspecified 6,146 7,180 2,073 1,654 2,153 53 42 47 65 17 15

Note : Data exclude self-employed persons. Source : Central Provident Fund Board

7.3 ACTIVE CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND MEMBERS BY WAGE LEVEL, 1996 – 2006(At Year–end)

Monthly Wage Level

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Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female

TOTAL 1,324,368 700,013 624,255 TOTAL 1,381,068 729,707 651,324 1,461,949 771,214 690,698

Manufacturing 248,215 148,141 100,058 Manufacturing 256,684 155,323 101,354 266,467 163,000 103,462

Construction 69,705 48,636 21,069 Construction 71,775 49,992 21,783 77,659 53,976 23,683

Services Services

Wholesale and Retail Trade 240,337 124,289 116,038 Wholesale and Retail Trade 247,940 127,932 120,003 258,977 132,111 126,860

Transport, Storage 123,809 78,736 45,064 Transport and Storage 103,100 68,656 34,442 106,223 70,656 35,564 and Communications Hotels and Restaurants 76,359 35,560 40,798 Hotels and Restaurants 73,445 34,337 39,108 82,196 38,488 43,708

Information and Communications 51,573 27,824 23,747 54,533 29,720 24,811

Financial Services 88,892 34,871 54,012 Financial and Insurance Activities 93,855 36,717 57,136 101,501 40,144 61,355

Business and 202,209 105,513 96,669 Real Estate, Rental and Leasing Activities 35,694 18,256 17,438 32,611 17,087 15,524 Real Estate Services

Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities 90,585 43,820 46,758 99,180 48,098 51,074

Administrative and Support Service Activities 77,358 41,983 35,375 90,686 49,290 41,396

Community, Social 267,107 118,817 148,262 Other Service Activities 267,002 116,331 150,659 278,542 119,449 159,082 and Personal Services

Others1 7,735 5,450 2,285 Others1 12,057 8,536 3,521 13,374 9,195 4,179

1 Include Agriculture, Fishing, Quarrying, Utilities and Industries Not Specified. Source : Central Provident Fund BoardNotes : 1) Figures for male and female do not add up to the total because the sex of some CPF members was not specified in the returns submitted to CPF Board by their employers. 2) Data exclude self–employed persons.125

2005Industry (SSIC 2005)

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7.4 ACTIVE CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND MEMBERS BY INDUSTRY AND SEX, 2004 – 2006(At Year–end)

Industry (SSIC 2000)2004 2006

HIGHER EDUCATION AND SKILLS TRAINING


HIGHER EDUCATION AND SKILLS TRAINING Source of Data

Statistics on graduates from the

institutions of higher learning in Singapore are provided by the National University of Singapore, Nanyang Technological University (including National Institute of Education), Singapore Management University, Singapore Polytechnic, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Temasek Polytechnic and Nanyang Polytechnic.

Statistics on persons who completed or participated in the vocational or professional skills training courses are provided by the Institute of Technical Education, Construction Industry Training Institute, Singapore Institute of Management, Singapore Human Resource Institute, Institute of Systems Science, Singapore Workforce Development Agency (WDA) and Ong Teng Cheong Institute of Labour Studies.

The National University of

Singapore (NUS) was established in August 1980 with the merger of the University of Singapore (founded in 1962) and Nanyang University (founded in 1956).

NUS has 14 faculties namely : • Arts and Social Sciences;

• Business;

• Computing;

• Dentistry;

• Design and Environment;

• Duke-Nus Graduate Medical School Singapore;

• Engineering;

• Law;

• Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy

• NUS Graduate School of Integrative Sciences and Engineering

• Science;

• University Scholars Programme;

• Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and

• Yong Siew Toh Conservatory of Music.

All offer courses leading to first degrees as well as higher degrees.

There is also a teaching institute known as the Institute of Systems Science.

NUS has also established specialist research institutes and centres to provide facilities and promote research and advanced training in areas of strategic importance to the nation’s development, and to spearhead research and development for specific applications in technology, industry and business.


The Nanyang Technological

University (NTU) was established on 1 July 1991. The University has its origin in the former Nanyang Technological Institute (NTI) which was set up in 1981.

The University is organised into 4 Colleges as follows: College of Engineering : • School of Chemical and Biomedical

Engineering;

• School of Civil and Environmental Engineering;

• School of Computer Engineering;

• School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering;

• School of Materials Science and Engineering; and

• School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.

College of Business (Nanyang Business School)

College of Sciences : • School of Biological Sciences; and

• School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences.

College of Humanities, Arts and Social

Sciences : • School of Art, Design and Media;

• School of Humanities and Social Sciences; and

• Wee Kim Wee School of Communications and Information.

The National Institute of Education (NIE), an institute of NTU, provides all levels of teacher education, as well as the study of science, physical education, humanities and fine arts at the undergraduate and graduate levels.

R&D also forms an important part of the activities of the University. The University has also set up centres of excellence to promote research and advanced training in various fields.

The Singapore Management

University (SMU) incorporated in 2000, is Singapore’s third university. The university introduces a new American-style pedagogy which uses the MBA approach to teaching undergraduates in small seminar-style classes.

SMU comprises six schools, namely:

• Lee Kong Chian School of Business; • School of Accountancy; • School of Economics ; • School of Information Systems. • School of Law; and

• School of Social Sciences.

SMU has a dedicated Office of Research, a number of centres of excellence and provides public and customised programmes through its Executive Education.


The Singapore Polytechnic (SP), founded on 27 October 1954, is the first polytechnic to be established in Singapore.

SP offers full-time and part-time studies leading to diploma, advanced diploma, specialist diploma and other post-diploma qualifications in various fields, including aerospace, built environment, business, communication, computer, design, engineering, life sciences, management, maritime, multimedia, optometry and technology.

The Polytechnic offers a range of 38 full-time courses at diploma level.

In addition, advanced diploma and specialist diploma courses are also available for polytechnic graduates and working professionals to upgrade themselves.

The Ngee Ann Polytechnic (Ngee Ann) assumed its name in April 1982. It was initially established as a private institution in 1963 under the name of Ngee Ann College. It became a public institution and was renamed Ngee Ann Technical College in 1968.

The Polytechnic offers 39 full-time diploma courses and also 2 full-time advanced diploma courses.

In 2006, a total of 45 short courses were conducted through the Polytechnic’s Centre for Professional Development (CPD). These courses were aimed at upgrading the skills and knowledge of the general workforce. In addition, Ngee Ann conducted 58 customised in-company training programmes based on the specific training needs of the organisations concerned.

The Temasek Polytechnic (TP) was established on 6 April 1990. It is organised into 6 schools namely Applied Science, Business, Design, Engineering, Information Technology and Tourism Academy at Sentosa. They offered a total of 39 diploma courses in 2006. TP also conducts part-time courses for working adults.

The Nanyang Polytechnic (NYP) was established in 1992 to provide quality education and training opportunities for school leavers. The Polytechnic currently has 6 Schools offering a wide range of courses in Business Management, Chemical and Life Sciences, Design, Engineering, Health Sciences and Information Technology.

Today, NYP offers a host of

full-time diploma courses for pre-employment training and various continuing education courses at advanced diploma,


specialist diploma and certificate course levels.

The Institute of Technical

Education (ITE) was established on 1 April 1992 as a post-secondary institution which provides pre-employment training for secondary school leavers and Continuing Education and Training (CET) for adult learners.

At ITE, full-time training and traineeship programmes are offered to school leavers. For adult learners, skills training and academic education programmes are offered. Employees can also undergo On-the-Job Training in companies which are Certified On-the-Job Training Centres. In addition, ITE conducts skills evaluation tests for public candidates and instructional skills and related programmes for industry trainers.

Full-time training is offered to secondary school leavers with the GCE ‘O’ and ‘N’ qualifications in engineering and technical skills, business and services, information communications technology and healthcare. The full-time courses lead to the award of the Higher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) and National ITE Certificate (Nitec).

Traineeship is an 'earn-as-you-learn' scheme for secondary school leavers. It has two training components, namely, On-

the-Job Training (OJT) and Off-the-Job Training (Off-JT). OJT is conducted by the sponsoring companies on their premises. Off-JT could be provided by ITE, industry training centres or companies certified by ITE as Approved Training Centres.

Adult learners may choose from a

range of Master Nitec, Higher Nitec, Nitec and ITE Skills Certificate (ISC) courses to upgrade their skills. All these programmes are offered in modules, giving adults the flexibility to sign up for training based on their needs.

For adult learners who wish to upgrade themselves academically, the options offered by ITE are:

The Basic Education for Skills Training (BEST) programme which enables adult learners to acquire basic proficiency in English so that they can further their education and training. Supported by the Skills Development Fund (SDF), BEST offers basic literacy programmes in four modules on a part-time basis, up to the Primary Six level.

The Worker Improvement through Secondary Education (WISE) programme enables adult learners who have completed their primary education or the BEST programme to take the GCE 'N' level examination in English Language. Like the BEST programme, it is offered on a part-


time basis, in four modules of six months' duration each.

ITE offers part-time general education programmes from Secondary 1 Normal to GCE 'N’, GCE 'O' and GCE 'A' levels. These programmes provide adult learners the opportunity to acquire academic qualifications which are otherwise obtained through the formal school system.

The Building and Construction

Authority (BCA) was established in April 1999 to develop a technologically advanced and competitive construction industry which serves Singapore’s economic needs.

Construction Industry Training Institute (CITI), as the BCA’s training arm, is the main institution in Singapore that provides training programmes for workers, supervisors, professionals and managers in the construction industry. CITI also provides a comprehensive range of skills evaluation programmes.

The Singapore Institute of

Management (SIM) was formed on 28 November 1964. The SIM Group is the largest and most comprehensive private education and training solutions provider in Singapore. Its portfolio comprises four core businesses.

• SIM University (UniSIM) is Singapore’s first private university dedicated to adult learners. UniSIM offers over 40 academic programmes through four Schools: Arts & Social Sciences, Business, Human Development & Social Services, and Science & Technology.

• SIM Global Education offers academic

programmes through its partnerships with established international universities and institutions from the US, UK and Australia. With an enrolment of more than 14,000, SIM Global Education has more than 50 full-time and part-time academic programmes at postgraduate, undergraduate, diploma and certificate levels.

• SIM Professional Development trains more than 13,000 professionals annually through 700 seminars, workshops and conferences. Its in-company training and consultancy services help companies optimise effectiveness in various fields of management and human resource development.

The Singapore Human Resources

Institute (SHRI) is the only not-for-profit professional HR body in Singapore, representing over 3,000 human resource professionals. Founded in 1965, SHRI aims


to foster a culture of continual learning that will ensure the development of Singapore’s human capital into a highly educated, skilled and employable one. The Institute also seeks to promulgate sound, effective and appropriate HR practices and maintain high standards of professionalism in human resource management and development.

Offering lifelong learning opportunities through courses ranging from Basic Certificate in HRM to the Master of HR, MBA and Master of Applied Finance, SHRI’s programmes are designed to accommodate students with different educational qualifications and career aspirations. With a wide selection of programmes covering human capital management, financial services and risk management, SHRI also provides corporate training and learning to executives and professionals to equip them with up-to-date competencies to grow and thrive in the dynamic business environment.

The Institute of Systems Science (ISS) of the National University of Singapore is an IT knowledge transfer institute promoting and fostering IT manpower development. Its education programmes, from master, graduate diploma to professional short courses and seminars, have trained over 57,000 IT professionals and management executives in strategic IT management, IT project

management, and software technologies and engineering best practices.

Established in 1981, ISS's initial focus was on the development of a strong and cohesive, industry-oriented educational programme to help organisations accelerate their computerisation process. It now aims to deliver quality lifelong ICT learning to professionals and senior executives through a combination of e-Learning and classroom activities. Above and beyond training, ISS also provides research and consulting services.

The Skills Development Fund

(SDF) was set up in 1979 through collecting the Skills Development Levy from employers. The SDF provides course fee subsidies to employers and training institutions to support the skills upgrading of Singapore's workforce.

Over the years, the SDF has helped Singapore companies develop a strong training culture and strengthened the concept of lifelong learning, so that workers can keep up with the changing demands of the employment landscape.

The Skills Redevelopment

Programme (SRP) was started in December 1996 by the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC) and elevated to a National programme funded by the Government in 1998. The SRP complements


the SDF by providing absentee payroll support to companies that send their workers for training. The SRP also targets the older and less-skilled workers.

The National Skills Recognition

System (NSRS), officially launched on 5 Sep 2000, is a national framework for establishing in specific occupations, the work performance standards, job competencies and certification system. The NSRS was first piloted in the cleaning, hotel and marine industries in 1999 and has been implemented in 69 industries as at 31 December 2005. With the development of Singapore Workforce Skills Qualifications System (WSQ), the number of new NSRS standards established has decreased. WDA has also been using NSRS as the foundation for developing the WSQ, and integrated NSRS standards in industries where WSQ frameworks have been established. The NSRS industries that have transited to WSQ include departmental store, clock and watch, furniture retail, jewellery sales, petroleum retail, specialized stores, supermarket, hotel, coffee shops, baking, fast food restaurants, food courts, Indian restaurant, Chinese restaurant, hawker centres travel, eldercare services, security manpower, general insurance, life insurance, banking, landscaping, precision engineering and training. The active NSRS industries include commercial and industrial cleaning, domestic household services, floral,

hairdressing, public cleansing, real estate sales, reflexology and related services, renovation, spa services, and waste management.

The Lifelong Learning Endowment

Fund (LLEF) was set up on 12 Mar 2001, with an initial capital of $500 million. Through further capital contributions from the Government, the capital sum of the LLEF stood at $2.1 billion as at FY 2006. The capital sum generates annual interest earnings of about $84 million for WDA to fund lifelong learning initiatives, including employment facilitation for unemployed Singaporeans through the Distributed CareerLink Network (DCN) of job centres, development of Singapore’s continuing education and training infrastructure and capability under the Singapore Workforce Skills Qualifications System (WSQ), the Job Re-Creation Programme (JRP) and learning outreach and promotion. The LLEF complements the SDF to ensure a holistic approach to the upgrading of our workforce.

The Singapore Workforce Skills

Qualifications System (WSQ) was officially launched by the Minister for Manpower on 27 Oct 05. It opens up avenues for adult workers to obtain nationally-recognised and industry-relevant qualifications, even long after they leave school. The WSQ emphasises flexible adult learning, open access to skills upgrading


and clear career progression pathways for the workers. The system is competency-based and open, and recognises prior learning and work experience.

The WSQ is anchored on the systematic mapping of skills and competencies linked to occupational structures. Under the WSQ, competency standards, assessment strategies and training curriculum incorporating adult learning principles will be established for each key industry.

WDA has developed and rolled out WSQ frameworks in the Retail, Training and Finance, Tourism, Food and Beverage, Precision Engineering, Landscape, Security, InfoComm Technology, and Community and Social Services sectors. Two complementary frameworks, the Employability Skills System and Service Excellence have also been implemented to impart to workers foundational generic skills such as problem-solving, communication, self-management skills as well as Workplace Literacy and Numeracy and Information and Communications Technology, and Customer Service related skills. Examples of qualifications launched under the WSQ include Certificate in Retail Operations, Diploma in Retail Management, Advanced Certificate in Training and Assessment, Advanced Certificate in Culinary Skills, Specialist Diploma in 3D Animation and VFX etc. Further WSQ frameworks are being developed for the

Human Resources, Creative Industries, Healthcare (Assistant and Technician), Spa and Wellness, Aerospace (MRO Technician), Process Industry, Manufacturing (Common and Integration Cluster) sectors.

ADVANTAGE! which was piloted in late 2005, aims to encourage employers to hire and retain older workers. It consists of a package of incentives which includes grants to companies when they redesign their jobs for older workers and send their older workers for training. Companies can tap on these incentives to implement older worker-friendly practices and processes at the workplace that allow workers aged 40 or above to take on the jobs, or to continue working past age 62. As at end 2006, 303 companies have adopted the Advantage! Scheme.

Place and Train Programmes (PnTs) is a series of programmes developed and launched by WDA to build a pipeline of skilled local workers to meet the needs of various industries. These programmes target unemployed and mid-career workers. The approach is to help the workers secure a job first before we equip them with the requisite skills. PnT programmes have been launched in various industries such as Aerospace, Precision Engineering, Electronics, Hotels, F&B and Construction.


WDA also implements PnT programmes for mid-career Professionals, Managers, Executives and Technicians (PMETs) in the form of Strategic Manpower Conversion Programmes (SMCPs). Examples of sectors where SMCPs have been launched include Healthcare and Social and Community Services.

In total, 945 workers benefited from PnTs and SMCPs in 2006.

The Job Re-Creation Programme (JRP) is driven by NTUC and WDA to re-create existing jobs to make them more suitable and attractive to Singaporeans. Through the JRP, the work environment and job worth are increased. Companies undergoing restructuring also redeployed their existing workers to take on other jobs. In addition, NTUC and WDA worked with companies to adopt re-employment practices to rehire older workers after retirement or employ mature or older workers . The JRP also includes training and upgrading initiatives where workers are equipped with better skills via training, resulting in better performance and prospects at work.

In 2006, 12,000 workers under the

JRP had better jobs, better skills and better pay. These workers were mainly from the Construction, Education, Environment, Healthcare, Landscaping, Marine, Public

Transport, Real Estate Management and

Maintenance, Retail and Security sectors.

The Ong Teng Cheong

Institute of Labour Studies was founded as the Singapore Institute of Labour Studies in 1990 by the National Trades Union Congress (NTUC). In 2002, the Institute took on its present name to commemorate the contributions of the late Mr. Ong Teng Cheong, a former Secretary-General of the NTUC and President of the Republic of Singapore.

The Institute is guided by a Board of Governors comprising of senior leaders from the government, trade unions, industry and academia. The Institute offers various programmes as follow : • Continuing Professional Development

Programmes;

• International Programmes; • Progressive Leadership Development

Programmes; • Public Courses; and • Union-Management Programmes.

Institution/Course 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

National University of Singapore 6,257 6,779 7,447 7,813 8,532 9,191 9,633 9,111 9,123 8,881 8,559

Arts and Social Sciences1 1,998 2,046 2,243 2,209 2,233 2,380 2,551 1,981 1,722 1,718 1,772 School of Business2 853 904 940 995 1,163 1,294 1,103 810 563 490 508 Computing3 – – – 573 877 677 980 941 1,113 933 842

Dentistry 38 32 39 37 38 39 45 44 51 52 45 Design and Environment4 327 337 338 376 423 479 599 627 557 592 594

Engineering 736 911 1,191 1,498 1,911 2,280 2,268 2,434 2,548 2,547 2,132Bioengineering – – – – – – – – – – 39Civil 37 62 65 82 231 181 189 197 174 193 139Chemical 92 100 108 128 130 164 180 211 227 234 255Computer – – – – – 50 83 113 89 110 91Electrical/Electronics 205 257 272 324 623 400 435 554 – – – Electrical – – – – – – – – 545 508 413Electronics – – – – – – – – 69 74 50Environmental – – – – 48 31 31 29 34 44 31Industrial and Systems Engineering – – – – – – – – – 39 38Mechanical/Manufacturing 153 183 247 208 356 270 298 398 – – – Mechanical – – – – – – – – 425 434 345Manufacturing – – – – – – – – 12 9 6

1 Data include higher degree graduates from Regional English Language Centre. Source : National University of Singapore2 From 2002 onwards, Faculty of Business Administration has been renamed to School of Business.3 Data include higher degree and diploma graduates from Institute of Systems Science.4 From 1 June 2000 onwards, School has been renamed from Faculty of Architecture and Building/Real Estate to Design and Environment.

Note : Data include first degree, higher degree and diploma graduates. Figures includes both Full–time and Part–time students.

8.1 GRADUATES FROM INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION BY INSTITUTION AND COURSE, 1996 – 2006

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Law 246 269 264 227 238 232 266 235 247 335 340

Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine5 275 296 299 354 378 370 485 441 525 595 576

Yong Siew Toh Conservatory of Music – – – – – – – – – – 1

Science6 1,784 1,983 2,133 1,544 1,235 1,397 1,223 1,359 1,590 1,373 1,535Applied Science – – – – – – – – 217 120 107Computer and Information Sciences7 556 588 673 – – – – – – – – Pharmacy 68 69 77 91 45 63 69 63 89 85 81

Design and Technology Institute – – – – – – – – 35 49 22

Education – 1 – – – – – – – – –

Institute of BioEngineering and Nanotechnology – – – – – – – – 1 – –

Institute of Molecular Agrobiology – – – – – – 6 1 – – –

Laboratories for Information Technology – – – – – – – 4 1 3 –

Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy – – – – – – – – – 42 49

Singapore-MIT Alliance – – – – 36 43 107 141 93 55 66

Temasek Defence Systems Institute – – – – – – – – 54 77 66

Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory – – – – – – – 3 – – –

The Logistics Institute-Asia Pacific – – – – – – – 27 23 20 11

5 From 3 July 2005 onwards, Faculty of Medicine has been renamed Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine . Source : National University of Singapore6 Data include higher degree graduates from Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology and Institute of Materials Research and Engineering.7 From 1999 onwards, Computer and Information Sciences has been changed to School of Computing.

Note : Data include first degree, higher degree and diploma graduates. Figures includes both Full–time and Part–time students.

8.1 GRADUATES FROM INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION BY INSTITUTION AND COURSE, 1996 – 2006 (continued)

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Nanyang Technological University 3,382 3,636 3,980 4,162 4,463 4,786 4,939 5,303 5,299 5,968 6,290

Accountancy1 695 680 751 779 745 741 767 746 616 631 562

Arts (Honours) – – – – – – – 36 47 33 –

Arts with Diploma in Education 193 179 142 150 104 155 172 210 141 3 –

Arts (Education) – – – – – – – 38 117 236 275

Biological Sciences – – – – – – – – – – 94

Business 669 642 709 658 619 610 540 470 441 480 500

Communication Studies – 95 101 112 114 116 121 115 143 146 141

Computer Engineering 241 208 293 331 292 279 169 361 440 528 534

Engineering1 1,160 1,247 1,282 1,390 1,542 1,676 1,869 1,957 1,979 1,749 1,833

Civil and Environmental Engineering 153 187 177 249 322 267 286 249 152 186 221

Electrical and Electronic Engineering 603 620 692 691 684 858 957 1,008 1,051 870 923

Mechanical Engineering 404 440 413 450 536 551 626 700 776 693 689

Materials Engineering 63 82 98 121 151 130 87 144 207 205 268

Science (Honours) – – – – – – – 14 23 15 1

1 Nanyang Technological University, which was established on 1 July 1991, had its origin in the Source : Nanyang Technological University then Nanyang Technological Institute. Data for this course include graduates who studied in NTU but were conferred NUS degree.


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Science (Education) – – – – – – – – 19 118 116

Science with Diploma in Education 52 53 47 52 46 55 54 63 65 7 –

Master of Accountancy – 2 2 1 2 4 1 3 – 3 –

Master of Applied Science 7 15 11 20 29 – 1 – – – 3

Master of Arts 4 5 – – 4 1 1 1 1 3 11

Master of Business 1 4 25 16 26 16 36 18 8 15 7

Master of Business Administration 131 126 202 164 175 228 204 181 185 256 285

Master of Communication Studies – 2 1 3 2 2 2 4 3 6 2

Master of Engineering 73 110 102 96 226 289 315 161 108 153 87

Master of Mass Communication – – 3 15 15 9 21 20 29 29 37

Master of Philosophy – – – 8 6 21 9 7 19 – –

Master of Public Administration – – – – – – – – – – 54

Master of Science 81 157 172 213 315 400 476 646 623 1,207 1,257

PhD 12 28 39 32 48 54 94 108 85 145 223

PhD in Business – 1 – 1 2 – – – – – –

Source : Nanyang Technological University


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National Institute of Education 986 1,505 1,551 1,697 1,929 2,185 2,300 2,819 2,629 2,212 2,451

Doctor of Philosophy – 7 4 9 8 15 14 12 19 13 20

Master of Arts 4 5 8 37 52 47 69 58 51 103 73

Master of Education 16 17 20 21 19 18 38 29 27 81 107

Master of Science 4 6 10 9 6 11 14 8 7 27 22

Further Professional Diploma in Education1 121 114 132 – – – – – – – –

Postgraduate Diploma in Education 442 962 915 1,000 978 1,042 953 1,433 1,399 1,299 1,525

Postgraduate Diploma of Teaching in Higher Education 26 19 21 18 – – – 12 – – –

Diploma in Art Education – – – 5 6 3 12 15 18 27 14

Diploma in Departmental Management – – – 154 303 260 284 291 247 288 334

Diploma in Education 258 277 345 327 443 602 678 694 612 145 166

Diploma in Educational Administration2 49 52 33 44 27 – – – – – –

Diploma in Home Economics Education – – 3 5 6 8 56 55 51 40 42

Diploma in Physical Education 42 27 37 47 60 31 34 27 40 14 8

Diploma in Special Education 24 19 23 21 21 15 28 24 29 38 54

Diploma in Chinese/Malay/Tamil Language Education – – – – – 106 81 133 95 98 47

Leaders in Education Programme – – – – – 27 39 28 34 39 39

1 Replaced by Diploma in Departmental Management due to curriculum changes from 1999. Source : National Institute of Education2 Replaced by Leaders in Education Programme.


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Singapore Management University – – – – – – – 99 343 396 597

Bachelor of Accountancy – – – – – – – 1 21 68 83

Bachelor of Business Management – – – – – – – 77 301 267 422

Bachelor of Science (Economics) – – – – – – – – 1 2 39

Bachelor of Science (Information Systems – – – – – – – – – – 6 Management)

Master of Science in Applied Finance – – – – – – – 21 20 22 –

Master of Science in Wealth Management – – – – – – – – – 37 40

Master of Science in Applied Economics – – – – – – – – – – 3

Master of Science in Finance – – – – – – – – – – 4

Note : Double degrees is counted once only, based on their primary degree. Source : Singapore Management University


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Singapore Polytechnic 5,164 5,707 5,731 5,397 5,217 5,203 4,996 4,813 5,236 5,275 4,895

Accountancy/Banking and Financial Services 389 415 373 355 353 305 310 315 312 303 275 Architecture and Building1 432 511 464 421 444 389 334 302 301 321 323 Biotechnology 141 159 119 109 115 115 118 136 211 179 158 Business 488 662 702 539 490 558 628 584 459 459 406 Chemical Process Technology 461 532 463 471 438 509 504 473 477 476 400 Computer Studies 154 179 211 400 349 362 378 470 687 687 574 Engineering2 2,925 3,045 3,162 2,895 2,768 2,683 2,473 2,228 2,586 2,598 2,527 Aeronautical Engineering – – – – – – – – – 116 158 Aerospace Electronics – – – – – – – – – – 114 Civil and Structural Engineering 190 183 226 227 204 212 179 168 176 157 138 Computer and Network Technology – – – – – – – – 237 229 183 Electrical Engineering 575 562 546 488 499 489 455 378 352 357 310 Electronics, Computer and Communication 829 882 957 800 759 639 649 673 582 542 443 Engineering Information Communication Technology – – – – – – – – 239 269 220 Instrumental and Control Engineering 63 73 62 67 68 69 66 51 6 – – Manufacturing/Production Engineering 260 262 250 167 146 109 79 24 25 – – Marine Engineering 130 87 107 95 85 106 91 104 87 109 100 Material Engineering 33 32 35 38 31 36 35 3 – – – Mechanical Engineering 499 598 546 567 565 571 515 442 401 404 400 Mechatronics 131 128 137 141 128 125 143 134 198 163 148 Nautical Studies/Maritime Transportation 173 170 199 172 218 208 213 259 163 206 177 Optometry/Contact Lens Practice 1 34 38 35 42 74 38 46 40 46 55

1 Data include graduates from Quantity Surveying. Source : Singapore Polytechnic2 Data for specific fields of studies refer to diploma graduates only.


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Ngee Ann Polytechnic 3,855 4,073 4,363 4,335 4,187 4,257 4,399 4,210 4,289 4,143 4,089

Accountancy 461 503 522 495 486 399 424 431 415 365 319

Banking and Financial Services 117 171 165 124 115 109 113 122 119 105 117

Biomedical Lab Technology – – – – – – – – – – 20

Biomedical Science – – – – 5 13 14 33 29 32 64

Biotechnology 74 71 91 80 69 89 106 115 152 162 148

Building 258 259 314 301 360 343 360 342 334 288 271

Business Information Technology – – – – – – – – 112 151 137

Business Studies 559 557 630 527 473 408 407 424 420 436 445

Chemical Engineering – – – 23 64 76 105 143 142 157 124

Early Childhood Education – – – – – – 82 104 107 111 131

Engineering 1,997 2,050 2,120 2,206 1,930 2,073 1,897 1,604 1,564 1,391 1,435

Aerospace Technology – – – – – – – – – – 60

Biomedical – – – – – – – – 41 43 39

Source : Ngee Ann Polytechnic

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Electrical 508 507 508 529 448 466 419 381 301 259 219

Electronic 639 638 597 662 615 658 604 545 587 524 468

Engineering Informatics – – – – – – – – 73 67 74

Internetworking and Communications – – – – – – – – – 53 77

Marine and Offshore Technology1 126 124 134 95 127 131 150 68 79 49 74

Mechanical 505 565 617 657 492 528 453 353 238 202 201

Mechatronic 127 116 157 127 124 168 149 137 135 95 121

Quality Management and Engineering2 92 100 107 136 124 122 122 120 110 99 102

Film, Sound and Video 33 43 43 69 95 91 92 88 79 94 85

Horticulture and Landscape Management – – – – – 36 40 41 30 51 31

Information Technology3 239 291 333 332 321 293 413 403 445 359 291

Logistics Engineering and Management – – – – – 76 72 78 74 86 76

Mass Communication 117 128 145 178 200 175 177 196 177 181 181

Mobile Computing – – – – – – – – – 83 107

Multimedia Computing – – – – 69 76 97 86 90 91 107

1 The course name has been changed from Shipbuilding and Offshore Engineering. Source : Ngee Ann Polytechnic2 Quality Assurance has been renamed Quality Management and Engineering.3 Computer Studies has been renamed Information Technology.

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Temasek Polytechnic 1,214 1,320 2,208 2,907 3,335 3,543 3,690 3,837 4,102 3,633 3,718

Accounting and Finance – 115 131 136 124 127 124 144 131 122 129

Apparel Design and Merchandising – – 41 41 49 47 46 43 45 36 46

Applied Food Science and Nutrition – – 108 106 111 112 78 100 85 108 134

Biomedical Informatics and Engineering – – – – – – – – 69 75 72

Biomedical Science – – – – – – – 55 82 94 102

Biotechnology – – – 70 80 83 75 27 57 68 59

Business 273 158 126 306 290 298 289 241 212 225 201

Business Information Technology – – – – – – – 216 215 198 180

Business Process and Systems Engineering – – – – – – – – – 116 101

Chemical Engineering – – – – – 111 101 104 90 112 130

Communications and Media Management – – – – – – – – 53 60 82

Computer Engineering – – 116 122 118 129 123 111 121 113 107

Consumer Science and Technology – – – – – 38 48 52 40 41 17

Electronics 195 226 258 426 486 328 577 404 536 240 308

Hospitality Management – – 82 87 111 96 104 107 107 117 113

Info-communications – – – – – – – 200 198 178 171

Information Management1 – – – 55 74 85 70 61 72 82 66

1 With effect from Academic Year 2002/2003 intake, Information Studies was renamed as Information Management. Source : Temasek Polytechnic

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Information Technology (3-year programme) 159 191 299 320 353 363 263 196 233 154 164

Information Technology (2-year programme) 94 53 20 – – – – – – – –

Intelligent Building Technology – – 100 120 102 175 168 160 178 119 151

Interactive Media Design – – – – 40 54 52 63 68 54 73

Interior Architecture and Design 29 30 27 34 34 36 37 32 51 39 40

Internet Computing – – – – – 207 297 275 268 181 223

Law and Management2 68 45 73 78 100 85 97 115 96 102 88

Logistics and Operations Management 42 42 61 83 130 137 127 119 108 126 120

Marketing – – 82 118 135 125 119 109 125 104 130

Mechatronics 131 176 247 350 334 248 343 305 336 237 224

Microelectronics – – – – 133 139 108 113 111 116 140

Mobile and Wireless Computing – – – – – – – – – 61 74

Product and Industrial Design 25 25 27 23 21 29 30 40 33 28 31

Product Engineering – – – – 124 107 73 69 40 40 8

Quality Engineering and Management – 72 117 113 113 109 87 113 86 22 –

Telecommunications – – 134 128 126 135 117 129 120 132 104

Tourism Management 96 92 64 89 86 78 80 84 80 65 74

Visual Communication 102 95 95 102 61 62 57 50 56 68 56

2 With effect from Academic Year 2000/2001 intake, Legal Studies was renamed as Law and Management. Source : Temasek Polytechnic

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, 2007146 8.1 GRADUATES FROM INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION BY INSTITUTION AND COURSE, 1996 – 2006 (continued)


Nanyang Polytechnic 2,088 2,361 2,423 2,656 3,027 3,475 4,019 3,998 4,510 5,067 5,011

Diploma in Accountancy and Finance – – – – – – – – – 86 113

Diploma in Accountancy and Taxation – 71 84 86 82 101 84 70 97 4 –

Diploma in Banking and Financial Management 96 74 93 77 92 92 186 222 242 14 3

Diploma in Business and Commerce – – – 46 21 17 12 21 4 1 –

Diploma in Business Informatics – – – – – – 126 175 193 253 216

Diploma in Business Management 109 147 154 138 169 212 193 228 298 318 396

Diploma in Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technology – – – – – – – – – 131 139

Diploma in Community Services Management – – – – 39 41 32 38 5 2 –

Diploma in Correctional Administration – – – – – – – – 36 – –

Diploma in Dental Hygiene and Therapy – – – – – – – – – – 26

Diploma in Diagnostic Radiography 18 14 19 21 11 13 16 19 15 39 53

Diploma in Digital Media Design – – – 49 72 101 140 142 149 143 118

Diploma in Electronics, Computer and 228 235 239 532 576 597 624 539 617 616 505 Communications Engineering

Diploma in Electronics, Computer and 267 310 300 – – – – – – – – Control Engineering

Diploma in Engineering Informatics – – – – 151 250 243 238 322 355 380

Diploma in Finance and Insurance Management 86 78 90 75 66 92 – – – – –

Source : Nanyang Polytechnic

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Diploma in Financial Services – – – – – – – – – 175 164

Diploma in Industrial Design – – – – – – 32 37 40 40 27

Diploma in Information Technology 126 146 171 178 149 182 267 283 295 394 372

Diploma in Manufacturing Engineering 350 350 334 362 232 330 303 245 335 260 176

Diploma in Marketing 76 85 82 79 86 86 120 149 149 129 129

Diploma in Mechatronics Engineering 208 237 203 225 258 250 268 173 222 205 210

Diploma in Molecular Biotechnology – – – – – – – – 84 108 129

Diploma in Multimedia and Infocomm Technology – – – 48 45 118 236 265 349 460 392

Diploma in Nursing 383 450 412 506 464 549 569 472 557 701 792

Diploma in Occupational Therapy 16 9 24 18 18 15 13 17 19 32 35

Diploma in Physiotherapy 14 16 23 23 24 30 25 16 17 33 33

Diploma in Precision Engineering – – – – – – – 55 75 110 67

Diploma in Product Design and Development – – – – 30 41 – – – – –

Diploma in Radiation Therapy 4 – 7 – 7 13 5 11 9 9 11

Diploma in Risk and Insurance Management – – – – – – 15 1 1 – –

Diploma in Sport and Wellness Management – – – 37 28 27 40 36 43 40 49

Advanced Diploma in Case Management – – – – – – – – – 14 16

Advanced Diploma in Consumer Electronics 9 – – – – – – – – – –

Advanced Diploma in Insurance Practice – – 15 3 20 – – – – – –


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Advanced Diploma in International Business – – – – 11 17 12 – – – –

Advanced Diploma in Management – – – – – – – 21 43 – –

Advanced Diploma in Health Sciences (Palliative Care) – – – – – – – – – 12 –

Advanced Diploma in Nursing 98 139 119 112 191 158 162 228 32 237 249

Advanced Diploma in Sonography – – 19 – 18 – – 11 – 15 –

Advanced Diploma in Strategic Management – – 18 23 21 22 19 15 – – – of Human Resources

Advanced Diploma in Strategic Marketing – – 17 18 22 26 24 19 – – – Management

Post Diploma Certificate in Nursing – – – – – – – 20 34 – 13 (Diabetes Nurse Educator)

Specialist Diploma in E-Commerce – – – – 124 88 111 52 – – –

Specialist Diploma in Infocomm Technology – – – – – 7 142 85 57 2 –

Specialist Diploma in Information Technology – – – – – – – 47 85 80 70 Security

Specialist Diploma in Insurance Studies – – – – – – – – 49 48 84

Specialist Diploma in Strategic Brand Management – – – – – – – 21 14 1 16

Specialist Diploma in Supply Chain Management – – – – – – – 27 23 – 17

Specialist Diploma in Workplace Health Promotion – – – – – – – – – – 11


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2004 2005 2006p 2004 2005 2006p 2004 2005 2006p 2004 2005 2006p

Universities 76.1 82.2 86.2 12.6 9.4 7.1 88.7 91.6 93.3 2,442 2,496 2,636

Polytechnics

Fresh Graduate 71.1 69.8 72.1 19.4 21.6 19.3 90.5 91.4 91.3 1,618 1,659 1,711

Post-NS Graduate 80.2 77.7 79.9 10.2 13.1 11.2 90.4 90.8 91.1 1,946 1,975 2,029

ITE1

Fresh Graduate – – 54.1 – – 33.9 – – 88.0 – – 1,242

Post-NS Graduate – – 70.0 – – 20.2 – – 90.3 – – 1,521

1 About one-third of ITE graduates in part-time/ temporary employment at the reference date are in full-time studies and another one-third of the graduates have plans for full-time studies.Notes : 1) Employment rate refers to the proportion of economically active graduates (i.e. graduates who have entered the labour market)

who were employed as at the reference date, approximately 6 months after completing their final examinations. 2) Full-time permanent employment refers to employment of at least 30 hours a week and where the employment is not temporary. It includes those on contracts of one year or more. 3) Part-time or temporary employment refers to employment of less than 30 hours a week and where employment is casual, interim or seasonal. It includes those on contracts of less than one year. 4) Monthly gross starting salary comprises the basic salary, fixed allowances, overtime pay and commissions. Bonuses are excluded. 5) Fresh graduate refers to those who had completed their studies in the year and were not liable for National Service (NS) after graduation or had already completed their NS. 6) Post-NS graduate refers to male graduates who had completed their studies about 2 years earlier. For example, 2006 data refers to male graduates who completed their full-time NS between June 2005 and Mar 2006 for Polytechnic graduates, and between July 2005 and June 2006 for ITE graduates. 7) Universities refer to Nanyang Technological University (NTU), National University of Singapore (NUS) and Singapore Management University (SMU). 8) Polytechnics refer to Nanyang Polytechnic (NYP), Ngee Ann Polytechnic (NP), Republic Polytechnic (RP), Singapore Polytechnic (SP) and Temasek Polytechnic (TP).

8.2 KEY STATISTICS ON GRADUATES FROM INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, 2004–2006

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Employment Rate (%) Mean Monthly Gross Starting Salary ($) of Graduates in Full-time Permanent Employment

Full–time Permanent Part–time/Temporary Total Mean

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 5,581 4,918 6,234 8,501 8,427 8,263 7,751 8,201 8,633 9,374 10,510EngineeringHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec)1 903 915 929 1,124 1,349 1,229 1,383 1,486 1,651 1,558 1,272National ITE Certificate (Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 4,303ITE Skills Certificate (ISC)2 – – – – – – – – – – 169Business and ServicesHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 922National ITE Certificate (Nitec)3 – – – – – – – – – – 2,251ITE Skills Certificate (ISC)4 – – – – – – – – – – 94Business Studies and ServicesHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) 784 636 608 597 625 619 446 649 868 880 – National ITE Certificate (Nitec)5 887 822 2,127 2,004 1,531 1,468 1,477 1,424 1,575 1,996 – ITE Skills Certificate (ISC)6 107 66 98 138 113 196 106 24 38 70 – Info–Communications TechnologyHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 284National ITE Certificate (Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 1,215Technical SkillsMaster ITE Certificate (Master Nitec) 21 – – – – – – – – – – National ITE Certificate (Nitec)7 2,437 2,046 2,064 4,306 4,416 4,477 4,024 4,404 4,288 4,649 – ITE Skills Certificate (ISC)8 442 433 408 332 393 274 315 214 213 221 –

1 Prior to 2006 figures includes Info-Communications Technology programmes. Source : Institute of Technical Education2 Includes Mechanical Servicing and Electrical Servicing.3 Includes Service Skills, Nursing, Culinary Skills, Food and Beverage and Hairstyling.4 Includes Food Preparation, Travel Services, Retailing, Health Care (In-patient and Out-patient) and Logistics Operations.5 Includes Nitec in Service Skills (Office, Retail and Tourism) and Nitec in Nursing.6 Includes Travel Services, Retailing, Health Care (In-patient and Out-patient), Computer Operations and Logistics.7 Includes Nitec-Engineering and Info-Communications Technology programmes.8 Includes ITE Skills Certificate (formerly National Technical Certificate 3) and Certificate of Vocational TrainingNote : Data refer to the number of graduates from full-time and traineeship programmes. From 2006 onwards, the type of training has been reclassify.

151

8.3 SCHOOL LEAVERS WHO COMPLETED FULL–TIME AND TRAINEESHIP PROGRAMMES ATINSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, 1996 – 2006

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1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 17,132 19,851 23,888 28,075 27,704 33,665 34,206 22,035 17,967 20,041 16,903

EngineeringHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) 241 236 287 301 230 309 345 333 393 356 326National ITE Certificate (Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 1,056ITE Skills Certificate (ISC) – – – – – – – – – – 3,582Business and ServicesHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 349National ITE Certificate (Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 380ITE Skills Certificate (ISC) – – – – – – – – – – 643Business Studies and ServicesHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) 536 695 963 1,955 2,574 2,669 2,070 1,146 693 499 – National ITE Certificate (Nitec) 715 1,059 2,423 3,188 3,164 2,654 2,513 1,410 681 408 – ITE Skills Certificate (ISC) – – – – – – – – – 675 – Info–Communications TechnologyHigher National ITE Certificate (Higher Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 42National ITE Certificate (Nitec) – – – – – – – – – – 42Technical SkillsMaster National ITE Certificate (Master Nitec) – – 34 52 27 52 33 35 13 – – National ITE Certificate (Nitec) 12,842 13,803 14,679 16,061 16,606 21,481 19,604 12,563 9,470 8,401 – ITE Skills Certificate (ISC) 1,411 1,692 3,066 4,650 2,417 2,683 3,426 2,606 2,617 3,449 – Others – Including Continuing Training and 1,387 2,366 2,436 1,868 2,686 3,817 6,215 3,942 4,100 6,253 – Customised CoursesIncluding Short and Customised Courses – – – – – – – – – – 10,483

Notes : 1) Data refer to the number of modules taken up and completed by workers. Source : Institute of Technical Education Most of the skills training programmes are offered in modular format of 6-monthly duration A worker may attend more than one module per year. Number completed is by headcount excep for Nitec (Technical Skills) where number completed is by module. 2) From 2006 onwards, data refer to the number of workers who graduated or completed their programmes

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8.4 WORKERS WHO COMPLETED SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAMMES ATINSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, 1996 – 2006

Type of Training

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 29,182 28,691 32,519 35,030 31,604 28,608 29,468 23,476 19,799 14,974 16,599

Basic Education for Skills Training 12,419 13,758 15,449 15,200 14,735 14,912 11,571 9,052 7,155 7,134 8,949

(BEST)

Worker Improvement through 9,452 8,400 8,734 10,010 8,901 7,385 7,190 5,907 5,081 3,198 3,999

Secondary Education (WISE)

Continuing Education (Secondary 7,311 6,533 8,336 9,820 7,968 6,311 10,707 8,517 7,563 4,642 3,651

and Pre-University)

Note : Data refer to the number of continuing academic education places taken up Source: Institute of Technical Education and completed by workers. The BEST and WISE programmes are offered in modular format of 6-monthly duration A worker may attend more than one module per year

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Type of Training

8.5 PERSONS WHO COMPLETED CONTINUING ACADEMIC EDUCATION COURSES ATINSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, 1996 – 2006

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1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 4,367 6,390 10,035 8,951 8,762 8,598 6,849 4,670 5,473 7,658 8,756

Skills

National Technical Certificate1 2,915 3,532 4,990 5,024 6,049 5,964 4,332 66 – – –

Certificate of Competency1 1,022 2,323 4,310 3,277 2,245 2,253 1,897 369 – – –

Skills Evaluation Certificate Level 2 – – – – – – 229 722 626 245 –

Skills Evaluation Certificate Level 1 – – – – – – 209 3,376 4,729 2,993 –

Skills Evaluation Test Level 22 – – – – – – – – – 198 408

Skills Evaluation Test Level 12 – – – – – – – – – 4,153 8,276

Service Skills

Certificate in Service Skills3 1 – 59 2 9 31 10 – – – –

Worker Education

Basic Education for Skills Training 147 202 203 202 157 114 33 54 47 27 47 (BEST)

Worker Improvement through Secondary 282 333 473 446 302 236 139 83 71 42 25 Education (WISE)

1 Data include Public Trade Tests and Examinations leading to a National Technical Source : Institute of Technical Education Certificate or Certificate of Competency for the marine and process industries. Skills Evaluation Certification Tests were implemented in July 2002 to replace the Public Trade Tests leading to National Technical Certificate and Certificate of Competency2 Skills Evaluation Tests were implemented in July 2005 to replace the Skills Evaluation Certification Tests.3 Wef 2003, Certificate in Service Skills tests is subsumed under Skills Evaluation Certificate Level 1 and 2.

8.6 PERSONS WHO PASSED PUBLIC TRADE TESTS AND EXAMINATIONS ATINSTITUTE OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION, 1996 – 2006

Type of Training

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Training Programmes

Skills Training 2,300 2,832 7,554 12,833 11,006 9,182 5,474 3,747 3,123 2,684 2,929

Supervisory and 1,819 1,734 2,520 3,427 3,293 3,575 3,212 4,078 2,939 4,953 5,154 Management Training

Trade Tests

Workers Tested 14,434 19,028 27,761 79,433 104,447 67,346 44,060 16,136 10,422 11,303 18,375

Workers Certified 7,007 10,949 16,835 46,497 63,023 35,889 26,268 9,058 5,373 8,276 12,420

Source : Construction Industry Training Institute

155

8.7 WORKERS WHO COMPLETED SKILLS TRAINING PROGRAMMES AT CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY TRAINING INSTITUTE, 1995 – 2005

Programme

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 3,581 3,650 3,989 4,571 4,486 4,155 4,241 4,827 5,069 5,006 4,296

Accountancy 62 48 33 110 163 148 190 160 155 149 136

Business 3,286 3,164 3,358 3,564 3,248 2,899 2,929 3,167 2,989 2,824 2,420

Chinese Language – – – – – – – 120 198 296 58

Computer Science/IT 17 121 213 325 395 445 470 513 633 445 181

Construction Management – – – 82 133 108 124 105 177 89 82

Design – – – – – – – 14 11 12 22

Early Childhood Studies 111 146 52 38 41 91 64 171 131 132 18

Education and Training (HRD) – 17 – 26 5 41 2 54 17 27 13

English Language – – 119 123 150 144 139 148 319 549 765

Health Sciences 80 141 127 173 189 148 164 208 239 247 243

Mass Communication 25 13 19 36 56 52 55 71 70 81 61

Mathematics – – 68 94 106 79 87 70 68 44 –

Psychology – – – – – – 17 26 62 111 –

Professional Education – – – – – – – – – – 297

Note : Data included programmes of all levels from Certificate to Doctoral. Source : Singapore Institute of Management

Course

8.8 PERSONS WHO COMPLETED COURSES AT SINGAPORE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, 1996 – 2006

156 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 3,581 3,650 3,989 4,571 4,486 4,155 4,241 4,827 5,069 5,006 4,296

Doctoral – – 3 4 5 1 2 3 – 4 –

Masters 118 130 132 246 220 211 190 220 192 197 96

Bachelors 1,167 1,221 1,258 1,607 1,778 1,872 2,033 2,067 2,469 2,307 2,358

Bachelors (OUC)1 – – 334 472 569 584 635 810 942 742 –

Graduate Diploma 809 738 930 875 662 595 421 832 463 35 –

Graduate Diploma (OUC)1 – – – – – – – – – 422 –

Diploma 892 820 716 765 734 590 670 570 581 393 763

Diploma (OUC)1 – – – – – – 12 16 43 385 –

Certificate 595 741 616 602 518 302 278 289 308 437 782

Certificate/Modular (OUC)1 – – – – – – – 20 71 84 –

Professional Education – – – – – – – – – – 297

1 No more qualification awarded by OUC from 2006 onwards. Source : Singapore Institute of Management

8.8 PERSONS WHO COMPLETED COURSES AT SINGAPORE INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT, 1996 – 2006 (continued)

Level

157 S

ING

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EA

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NP

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STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 514 450 397 439 537 456 647 785 940 878 696

School of Human Capital Management

Basic Certificate in Human Resource Management 104 81 68 60 115 80 109 79 89 64 37

Certificate in Human Resource Management 213 192 115 124 149 102 84 85 71 57 48

Diploma in Business and Human Resource Management 168 138 162 136 164 84 144 139 121 86 155

Graduate Diploma in Human Capital Management – – – 65 65 115 145 135 94 105 91

Bachelor of Commerce (Mgt and HRM/HR and IR) 12 11 33 42 44 35 67 54 39 36 38

Master of Human Resource Management – – – – – 2 25 21 12 6 3

Graduate Diploma in Training and Development – – – – – – – – – 44 56

Professional Basic Certificate in People/Supervisory Skills – – – – – – – – 172 185 40

Professional Certificate in Condominium – – – – – – – – 13 – – and Complex Management

Professional Certificate in Compensation and 17 22 11 6 – 23 44 33 41 7 – Benefits Management

Diploma in Compensation and Benefits Management – – – – – – – – – 23 25

Certificate in Applied Psychology – 6 8 6 – 15 29 13 37 26 24

Source : Singapore Human Resources Institute

8.9 PERSONS WHO COMPLETED COURSES AT SINGAPORE HUMAN RESOURCES INSTITUTE, 1996 – 2006

158 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Certificate in Payroll Administration – – – – – – – 50 63 13 28

Certification in Organisational Counselling – – – – – – – – – 2 –

Diploma in Organisational Counselling – – – – – – – – – 8 9

Diploma in Environmental Safety and Health Management – – – – – – – – – 19 14

School of Financial Services

Certificate in Financial Services – – – – – – – 52 56 32 33

Skills Certification – – – – – – – 30 16 11 –

Advanced Certificate in Banking Services – – – – – – – – – 22 –

Diploma in Banking and Finance – – – – – – – 17 39 71 48

Diploma in Investment – – – – – – – 43 42 30 18

Bachelor of Commerce (Banking and Management) – – – – – – – – – 5 9

Master of Applied Finance – – – – – – – 26 26 20 20

Master of Finance – – – – – – – 6 9 – –

Master of Financial Planning – – – – – – – 2 – 6 –

Source : Singapore Human Resources Institute

8.9 PERSONS WHO COMPLETED COURSES AT SINGAPORE HUMAN RESOURCES INSTITUTE, 1996 – 2006 (continued)

159 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 3,226 2,409 2,087 3,040 3,887 3,156 3,596 4,851 3,003 4,311 3,704

Diploma in Knowledge Engineering 16 21 – – – – – – – – –

Diploma in Software Engineering 22 26 – – – – – – – – –

Graduate Diploma in Systems Analysis1 51 57 48 63 63 63 74 60 41 39 58

Master of Technology (Knowledge – 26 29 28 37 31 36 35 40 34 38 Engineering)2

Master of Technology (Software – 33 32 60 74 87 82 117 95 88 90 Engineering)3

Executive Curriculum 385 218 332 353 155 274 371 238 248 169 207

Management Curriculum 989 667 534 713 1,697 1,084 1,327 2,901 1,639 2,718 2,074

Technical Curriculum 1,192 1,247 1,034 1,217 1,743 1,442 1,028 1,212 642 635 1,015

Technology Update Seminars 571 114 78 606 118 152 677 271 284 625 222

Certificate in Systems Analysis – – – – – 23 1 17 14 3 –

1 The course name has been changed from Diploma in Systems Analysis wef 2000. Source : Institute of Systems Science2 The Master of Technology (Software Engineering) and Master of Technology (Knowledge Engineering) programs started in January 1996 to replace the respective diploma program

8.10 PERSONS WHO COMPLETED COURSES AT INSTITUTE OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE, 1996 – 2006

160 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

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STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

TOTAL 67,767,293 483,286 82,820,296 502,686 81,883,335 530,755 86,569,955 575,240 97,016,204 599,102

(100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0)

Productivity and Quality- 12,567,248 112,904 10,276,877 96,381 11,898,873 117,847 13,805,967 157,082 19,791,723 154,591 related Skills (18.5) (23.4) (12.4) (19.2) (14.5) (22.2) (16.0) (27.3) (20.4) (25.8)

Computer-related Skills 12,089,363 104,636 10,884,423 99,051 15,092,848 128,966 11,449,262 109,356 19,878,202 162,228(17.8) (21.6) (13.1) (19.7) (18.4) (24.3) (13.2) (19.0) (20.5) (27.1)

Technical Production and 9,617,368 94,796 12,393,616 93,233 8,191,417 66,645 15,903,102 73,684 15,761,482 75,097 Engineering Skills (14.2) (19.6) (15.0) (18.5) (10.0) (12.6) (18.4) (12.8) (16.3) (12.5)

Technical Service Skills 15,523,679 92,889 21,883,605 128,346 21,036,821 128,993 24,685,341 146,511 25,056,440 136,529(22.9) (19.2) (26.4) (25.5) (25.7) (24.3) (28.5) (25.5) (25.8) (22.8)

Management and 12,718,024 68,570 13,267,020 69,631 12,756,835 70,777 10,120,868 70,226 7,999,889 57,651 Supervisory Skills (18.8) (14.2) (16.0) (13.9) (15.6) (13.3) (11.7) (12.2) (8.2) (9.6)

Trade and Craft Skills 4,393,217 2,219 13,049,211 8,359 11,832,390 9,425 9,643,291 10,278 7,395,233 4,180(6.5) (0.5) (15.8) (1.7) (14.5) (1.8) (11.1) (1.8) (7.6) (0.7)

Others 858,394 7,272 1,065,544 7,685 1,074,151 8,102 962,124 8,103 1,133,235 8,826(1.3) (1.5) (1.3) (1.5) (1.3) (1.5) (1.1) (1.4) (1.2) (1.5)

Notes : 1) The period refers to financial year beginning on 1 April and ending on 31 March the following year. Source: Singapore Workforce Development Agency 2) Figures in parenthesis are percentages. 3) Figures exclude BEST, WISE and Vocational Training Scheme (VTS).

161 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

BY TYPE OF TRAINING, 1996 – 2005

2000199819971996

8.11 SKILLS DEVELOPMENT FUND (SDF) VALUE OF ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING PLACES COMMITTED

Type of Training

1999

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

Value of Assistance

Committed ($)

Training Places

Committed

TOTAL 111,890,279 647,679 108,841,951 651,274 93,229,187 562,331 85,816,796 536,803 98,897,896 474,467

(100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0) (100.0)

Productivity and Quality- 13,659,280 143,836 15,663,208 171,847 14,695,471 143,856 11,714,666 121,841 7,278,386 95,570 related Skills (12.2) (22.2) (14.4) (26.4) (15.8) (25.6) (13.6) (22.7) (7.3) (20.1)

Computer-related Skills 21,585,237 155,989 10,334,928 98,440 8,544,590 89,598 9,164,527 84,663 5,631,681 60,655(19.3) (24.1) (9.5) (15.1) (9.2) (16.0) (10.7) (15.8) (5.7) (12.8)

Technical Production and 19,094,251 79,284 8,705,451 81,277 6,594,492 51,969 6,212,417 55,917 4,321,817 28,659 Engineering Skills (17.1) (12.3) (8.0) (12.5) (7.1) (9.2) (7.2) (10.4) (4.4) (6.0)

Technical Service Skills 39,011,159 179,605 45,240,708 204,636 42,884,034 194,894 38,717,579 186,300 57,835,738 216,253(34.8) (27.7) (41.6) (31.4) (46.0) (34.7) (45.1) (34.7) (58.5) (45.6)

Management and 11,154,066 68,791 11,041,004 74,496 8,401,584 65,438 10,022,155 67,936 7,559,978 57,802 Supervisory Skills (10.0) (10.6) (10.1) (11.4) (9.0) (11.6) (11.7) (12.6) (7.6) (12.2)

Trade and Craft Skills 6,375,427 10,443 10,994,151 10,104 7,403,230 7,013 7,088,758 6,250 13,528,780 6,442(5.7) (1.6) (10.1) (1.6) (7.9) (1.2) (8.3) (1.2) (13.7) (1.4)

Others 1,010,859 9,731 6,862,501 10,474 4,705,786 9,563 2,896,694 13,896 2,741,516 9,086(0.9) (1.5) (6.3) (1.6) (5.0) (1.7) (3.4) (2.6) (2.8) (1.9)

Notes : 1) The period refers to financial year beginning on 1 April and ending on 31 March the following year. Source: Singapore Workforce Development Agency 2) Figures in parenthesis are percentages. 3) Figures exclude BEST, WISE and Vocational Training Scheme (VTS).

Type of Training

200520042003

8.11 SKILLS DEVELOPMENT FUND (SDF) VALUE OF ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING PLACES COMMITTED

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

BY TYPE OF TRAINING, 1996 – 2005 (continued)

20022001

162

Training Places Completed 13,100 15,000 42,300 51,700 33,300 44,900 77,900

Source : Singapore Workforce Development Agency

Number of New Industries Implementing 33 20 14 2 0 0 0

Number of Skills Standards Developed 24 172 213 183 93 19 19

Number of Assessments Completed 2,033 5,627 45,730 69,070 269,277 37,517 24,181

Note : Indicators have been redefined and previous year's figures have been revised. Source : Singapore Workforce Development Agency

Number of Workers Trained 359 10,301 31,298


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

2001

2002

2004

200420032001

2003

2004

QUALIFICATIONS SYSTEM (WSQ), 2004 – 2006

2005

2005

2002

8.14 NUMBER OF WORKERS TRAINED UNDER THE SINGAPORE WORKFORCE SKILLS

20062005

163

2000

2000

8.12 NUMBER OF TRAINING PLACES COMPLETED UNDER SKILLS REDEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (SRP), 2000 – 2006

2006

8.13 KEY NATIONAL SKILLS RECOGNITION SYSTEM (NSRS) INDICATORS, 2000 – 2006

2006

Number of Trainees 657 781 945


Number of Jobs Re-created 7,200 12,000

Number of Placements in Re-created Jobs 4,600 8,900

Number of workers upgraded, re-employed or re-skilled to stay employed – 3,100


2006

8.16 KEY INDICATORS OF JOB RECREATION PROGRAMME (JRP), 2005 – 2006

20062005

164 8.15 KEY INDICATORS OF PLACE AND TRAIN PROGRAMME (PNTs) AND

2004 2005

STRATEGIC MANPOWER CONVERSION PROGRAMME (SMCP), 2004 – 2006

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Basic Certificate in Industrial Relations (BCIR) 435 719 350 462 482 352 347 382 384 434 473

Intermediate Certificate in Industrial Relations (ICIR) 120 204 305 224 279 189 173 253 200 176 221

Advanced Certificate in Industrial Relations (ACIR)1 37 30 21 10 49 21 95 52 53 49 50

Diploma in Employment Relations (DER) 43 38 37 29 38 31 29 42 70 45 40

1 Prior to 1997, Advanced Certificate in Industrial Relations was known as Source : Ong Teng Cheong Institute of Labour Studies Certificate in Industrial Relations.

8.17 UNION LEADERS WHO COMPLETED CERTIFICATES PROGRAMMES AT ONG TENG CHEONG INSTITUTE OF LABOUR STUDIES, 1996 – 2006

Programme

165 S

ING

AP

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STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

KEY ECONOMIC INDICATORS

Million Dollars

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006p

GDP AT CURRENT MARKET PRICES 157,694.4 160,890.4 181,539.8 194,241.7 209,990.9

Goods Producing Industries 49,083.8 48,972.4 58,565.1 62,032.7 69,187.3

Manufacturing 38,160.7 38,617.9 48,092.2 51,381.6 57,989.6 Construction 7,499.4 6,935.9 6,865.5 7,226.6 7,528.2 Utilities 3,280.0 3,276.5 3,440.1 3,260.0 3,491.7 Other Goods Industries1 143.7 142.1 167.3 164.5 177.8

Services Producing Industries 102,056.5 103,146.2 113,438.1 123,098.3 132,663.7

Wholesale and Retail Trade 21,597.2 22,482.0 26,045.3 28,834.6 31,665.8 Transport and Storage 13,535.1 14,884.4 17,870.2 19,581.6 20,116.1 Hotels and Restaurants 3,271.9 2,930.6 3,351.5 3,606.8 4,018.8 Information and Communications 6,591.2 6,805.9 7,002.3 7,556.5 8,015.9 Financial Services 18,713.1 17,981.3 19,754.0 21,675.5 23,365.1 Business Services 19,833.8 19,349.8 19,708.1 21,736.9 24,104.4 Other Services Industries 18,514.2 18,712.2 19,706.7 20,106.4 21,377.6

Owner Of Dwellings 6,962.3 6,788.5 6,739.5 6,887.0 7,148.1

Less: FISIM2 -9,621.0 -8,106.6 -8,279.3 -8,827.9 -10,363.3Gross Value Added At Basic Prices 148,481.6 150,800.5 170,463.4 183,190.1 198,635.8Add: Taxes on Products 9,212.8 10,089.9 11,076.4 11,051.6 11,355.1

1 Comprise Agriculture, Fishing and Quarrying. Source : Singapore Department of Statistics2 Refers to Financial Intermediation Services Indirectly Measured.

167

9.1 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY INDUSTRY, 2002 – 2006 (At Current Market Prices)


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Million Dollars

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006p

GDP AT 2000 MARKET PRICES 162,491.6 167,549.3 182,301.1 194,371.3 209,679.9

Goods Producing Industries 50,386.4 50,992.3 56,369.6 60,865.4 67,060.3

Manufacturing 39,424.0 40,590.5 46,208.4 50,611.5 56,457.1

Construction 7,731.8 7,041.1 6,654.3 6,703.1 6,882.8

Utilities 3,088.7 3,216.1 3,344.0 3,391.0 3,540.3 Other Goods Industries1 141.9 144.6 162.9 159.8 180.1

Services Producing Industries 103,345.5 107,013.6 115,292.7 122,618.0 131,182.0

Wholesale and Retail Trade 21,697.4 24,000.3 28,170.5 30,866.9 34,048.7

Transport and Storage 15,767.0 15,492.1 17,106.9 17,829.3 18,597.0

Hotels and Restaurants 3,233.8 2,913.0 3,254.3 3,395.5 3,569.4

Information and Communications 6,973.1 7,291.2 7,726.6 8,151.4 8,524.8

Financial Services 17,253.0 18,859.5 19,685.8 21,176.1 23,128.9

Business Services 20,617.8 20,327.6 20,538.1 21,754.2 23,012.3

Other Services Industries 17,803.4 18,129.9 18,810.5 19,444.6 20,300.9

Owner Of Dwellings 7,230.6 7,431.1 7,632.5 7,838.3 8,031.5

Less: FISIM2 -9,428.2 -9,445.4 -9,704.7 -9,931.2 -10,474.4

Gross Value Added At Basic Prices 151,534.3 155,991.6 169,590.1 181,390.5 195,799.4

Add: Taxes on Products 10,957.3 11,557.7 12,711.0 12,980.8 13,880.5


9.2 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT BY INDUSTRY, 2002 – 2006 (At 2000 Prices)


168 S

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S, 2007

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006p

GDP AT MARKET PRICES 97.0 96.0 99.6 99.9 100.1

Goods Producing Industries 97.4 96.0 103.9 101.9 103.2

Manufacturing 96.8 95.1 104.1 101.5 102.7

Construction 97.0 98.5 103.2 107.8 109.4

Utilities 106.2 101.9 102.9 96.1 98.6 Other Goods Industries1 101.3 98.3 102.7 102.9 98.7

Services Producing Industries 98.8 96.4 98.4 100.4 101.1

Wholesale and Retail Trade 99.5 93.7 92.5 93.4 93.0

Transport and Storage 85.8 96.1 104.5 109.8 108.2

Hotels and Restaurants 101.2 100.6 103.0 106.2 112.6

Information and Communications 94.5 93.3 90.6 92.7 94.0

Financial Services 108.5 95.3 100.3 102.4 101.0

Business Services 96.2 95.2 96.0 99.9 104.7

Other Services Industries 104.0 103.2 104.8 103.4 105.3

Owner of Dwellings 96.3 91.4 88.3 87.9 89.0

Less: FISIM2 102.0 85.8 85.3 88.9 98.9

Gross Value Added At Basic Prices 98.0 96.7 100.5 101.0 101.4

Add: Taxes on Products 84.1 87.3 87.1 85.1 81.8


169

9.3 GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT DEFLATORS BY INDUSTRY, 2002 – 2006(2000 = 100)


SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

ALL ITEMS 97.8 98.3 100.0 100.4 101.4 101.1 101.2 101.5 101.9

Food 97.4 97.9 99.9 101.3 102.8 102.3 102.7 103.0 103.3

Non–cooked Food 96.1 96.7 99.9 101.9 103.9 103.5 103.6 104.0 104.3 Cooked Food 98.4 99.0 100.0 100.7 102.0 101.4 102.0 102.3 102.5

Clothing and Footwear 99.4 99.8 99.9 99.9 100.6 100.6 100.1 100.8 101.0

Housing 100.6 100.1 100.0 100.8 103.5 102.6 103.2 103.9 104.3

Accommodation 101.7 100.5 100.0 99.9 100.6 99.1 100.6 101.3 101.5 Fuel and Utilities 96.5 98.7 100.0 105.4 116.6 116.7 115.1 116.7 118.0

Transport and Communications 98.7 98.8 100.0 97.8 96.4 96.2 96.4 96.6 96.2

Public Road Transport 99.1 100.0 100.0 100.9 104.2 101.8 101.9 105.8 107.3

Education and Stationery 93.8 95.9 100.0 102.0 104.0 103.7 103.6 104.1 104.4

Health Care 92.5 94.4 100.0 100.4 101.3 100.9 101.3 101.4 101.7

Recreation and Others 96.9 97.7 100.0 101.7 102.4 102.7 101.8 101.5 103.5

Source : Singapore Department of Statistics

Item

170 S

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S, 2007

2006

2004

9.4 CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, 2002 – 2006 (2004 = 100)

20052002 20062003

1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr

ALL ITEMS 95.2 97.1 102.1 111.9 117.5 115.8 120.0 120.6 113.6

Food 99.0 101.5 106.7 109.7 110.3 110.0 110.3 110.4 110.5

Beverages and Tobacco 103.7 107.8 109.5 111.4 111.6 111.7 111.3 111.8 111.8

Crude Materials 97.6 98.8 106.3 120.3 138.0 129.3 135.0 140.4 147.4

Mineral Fuels 90.6 105.1 125.2 172.0 199.0 193.3 212.2 210.9 179.5

Animal and Vegetable Oils 108.6 116.1 124.2 112.9 113.9 111.2 111.3 114.3 118.8

Chemicals and Chemical Products 94.3 97.9 109.8 117.1 124.2 119.4 122.5 128.1 126.9

Manufactured Goods 94.4 97.4 109.0 116.1 120.4 116.7 119.8 122.1 122.8

Machinery and Transport Equipment 96.1 92.6 89.9 87.4 85.1 85.6 84.9 85.3 84.5

Miscellaneous Manufactures 100.6 100.9 101.5 101.8 103.2 103.1 104.0 103.3 102.4

Source : Singapore Department of Statistics

2006p2003

SIN

GA

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YE

AR

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OF M

AN

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TATIS

TICS

, 2007171

2004

9.5 DOMESTIC SUPPLY PRICE INDEX, 2002 – 2006(2000 = 100)

Item2006p

20052002

Per Cent

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006p

Total1 5.7 4.4 7.0 2.1 1.2

Total1 (excluding Construction) 5.3 3.6 6.7 1.9 1.4

Goods Producing Industries2 10.0 6.8 10.1 3.4 2.6

Manufacturing 11.0 5.4 9.7 2.9 3.6

Construction -4.0 1.4 -0.6 -0.1 -3.5

Services Producing Industries2 3.5 2.7 5.4 1.9 0.7

Wholesale and Retail Trade 9.2 11.3 15.4 5.7 5.7

Transport and Storage 3.6 -2.6 10.0 0.9 0.8

Hotels and Restaurants -3.1 -11.1 7.3 0.9 -1.8

Information and Communications 9.9 7.1 4.6 2.3 -3.6

Financial Services 0.1 8.2 0.5 0.4 1.0

Business Services 4.6 -2.6 -3.0 -1.7 -4.2

Other Services Industries 1.9 0.0 2.1 0.0 -0.9

1 Based on Gross Domestic Product At 2000 Market Prices.2 Based on Gross Value Added At 2000 Basic Prices.

172 9.6 LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE BY INDUSTRY, 2002 – 2006

Industry

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Sources : Singapore Department of Statistics and Manpower Research and Statistics Department, Ministry of Manpower

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006p

Number of Establishments 4,068 4,108 4,004 3,928 4,044 4,041 8,609 8,597 8,725 8,037 na

Number of Workers 368,119 366,696 352,289 338,885 344,610 345,141 357,247 351,109 357,836 369,610 382,200

Remuneration (S$m) 11,253 11,926 11,768 11,219 12,453 12,665 12,965 12,962 13,476 14,301 15,185

Materials (S$m) 76,026 79,603 74,427 80,625 93,607 76,724 81,266 86,036 107,160 125,257 133,266

Manufacturing Output (S$m) 119,869 126,531 121,433 133,577 158,746 132,991 141,431 150,779 182,579 208,652 226,659

Total Output (S$m) 122,579 129,484 124,658 136,937 163,721 138,323 147,296 158,697 191,636 217,086 234,609

Value Added (S$m) 27,368 29,328 28,106 30,355 39,030 32,018 36,459 37,130 46,394 49,043 55,248

Direct Exports (S$m) 72,964 76,450 75,530 85,360 93,861 84,209 88,384 98,725 116,751 134,647 145,324

Notes : 1) Prior to 2002 data are compiled based on manufacturing establishments with at least 10 workers. Source : Economic Development Board 2) With effect from 2002 data include manufacturing establishments with less than 10 workers. 3) Establishments in rubber processing are excluded.

9.7 KEY MANUFACTURING INDICATORS, 1996 – 2006

173 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

All Places of Residence 7,292,366 7,197,871 6,242,152 6,958,201 7,691,399 7,522,163 7,567,110 6,127,029 8,328,658 8,942,408 9,743,396

South–East Asia 2,288,674 2,351,160 1,887,616 2,223,971 2,427,668 2,522,922 2,532,887 2,307,124 3,085,853 3,341,392 3,573,677

USA 374,004 376,413 342,633 351,459 385,585 343,805 327,648 250,656 333,156 371,422 399,490

Europe 1,002,669 987,539 982,739 1,049,993 1,127,872 1,114,632 1,101,868 877,339 1,070,790 1,125,311 1,209,228

Oceania 431,042 462,832 519,774 564,498 616,564 656,482 644,113 475,581 682,408 752,431 824,152

Others 3,195,977 3,019,927 2,509,390 2,768,280 3,133,710 2,884,322 2,960,594 2,216,329 3,156,451 3,351,852 3,736,849

TOURIST HOTELS

Number of Hotels 90 94 101 99 104 103 101 98 102 97 95

Number of Rooms 28,999 29,583 30,123 29,683 30,469 30,472 30,468 29,917 29,923 28,823 28,701

Occupancy Rate (%) 82.2 79.5 71.3 74.9 83.5 76.3 74.4 67.2 80.6 83.8 85.2

Cess Collection (S$m) 12.5 12.5 10.3 10.0 11.8 11.5 10.9 8.5 11.5 13.3 15.9

RECEIPTS (S$m) 11,038.9 10,017.0 8,531.2 9,567.8 10,080.8 9,121.9 8,831.2 6,937.3 9,800.0 10,871 na

Average Length of Stay (60) 3.29 3.27 3.43 3.18 3.16 3.19 3.08 3.18 3.21 3.38 3.38

Source : Singapore Tourism Board

9.8 KEY TOURISM INDICATORS, 1996 – 2006

No. of Arrivals

174 S

ING

AP

OR

E Y

EA

RB

OO

K O

F MA

NP

OW

ER

STA

TISTIC

S, 2007

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006p

Aircraft Landings1 83,345 86,276 82,590 82,970 86,853 89,706 87,379 77,173 92,436 102,035 107,132

Vessel Arrivals2 117,723 130,333 140,922 141,523 145,383 146,265 142,745 135,386 133,185 130,318 128,922(over 75 GRT)

Total Sea Cargo 314,164 327,507 312,322 325,902 325,591 313,487 335,156 347,694 393,418 423,268 448,504('000 tonnes)

1 Data refer to commercial aircraft movements at Changi Airport only.2 Include all sea–going vessels and regional ferries above 75 GRT. Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore

9.9 KEY TRANSPORT INDICATORS, 1996 – 2006

175

Sources : Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore

SIN

GA

PO

RE

YE

AR

BO

OK

OF M

AN

PO

WE

R S

TATIS

TICS

, 2007

Project Team

Team Leader:

Assistant Team Leader: Tan Leng Leng, Director Tan Yih Bin, Deputy Director

Data Processing: Dorothy Lim, Senior Assistant Director

Tan Yuen Lee, Statistical Specialist Tjia Hui Noi, Statistical Assistant Lam Fong Lan, Statistical Assistant

Dissemination: Ailsan Chia, Assistant Director Lee Sze Khai, Statistical Executive Teo Chai Hoon, Senior Statistical Assistant Julie Lim, Statistical Assistant


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