Download - SMWCon Fall 2013 OWL Wiki Forms
OWL Wiki Forms (OWF)A Style Language that Generates Wikis from
Semantic Web Ontologies
Lloyd Rutledge
Semantic Web (Linked Data Cloud)
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_lYvHgLz4B1w/TTRg3mCss8I/AAAAAAAACEs/lOHsxbkypvo/s1600/lod-datasets_2010-09-22_colored.jpg.png
Linked Data Cloud, 2007
Overview• Input: Semantic Web ontology (data model)
• Output: Semantic wiki with form-based input
• Academic results– Mapping of abstract data modeling to interface
• Practical results– Efficient quick setup of wiki interface for entering data for a given
ontology
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Contribution
• Mapping from Semantic Web ontologies to default interface style
– Uses W3C technology Fresnel for Semantic Web interfaces
• Techniques for fine tuning default with additional Fresnel
• Mapping from Fresnel to form-based semantic wikis
– Fine tunable default style facilitates semantic wiki startup
– This Fresnel implementation adds facilitated data entry
• Implementation: OWL Wiki Forms (OWF)
– Open source MediaWiki extension
a
b
dbpedia:Tim_Berners-Lee rdf:type foaf:Person ; rdf:type dbpedia-owl:Person ; rdfs:label "Tim Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:depiction http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Tim_Berners-
Lee_closeup.jpg ; foaf:name "Tim Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:surname "Berners-Lee"@en ; foaf:homepage http://www.w3.org/People/Berners-Lee/ ; dbpedia-owl:title "Professor"@en ; dbpedia-owl:birthYear "1955-01-01T00:00:00+02:00"^^xs:gYear ; dbpedia-owl:almaMater dbpedia:The_Queen's_College,_Oxford ; dbpedia-owl:occupation dbpedia:Computer_scientist ; dbpedia-owl:birthName "Timothy John Berners-Lee"@en ; dbpedia-owl:residence dbpedia:Massachusetts ; dbpedia-owl:religion dbpedia:Unitarian_Universalism ; dbpprop:birthPlace "London, England"@en ; dbpprop:honorificSuffix "OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA"@en ; dbpprop:dateOfBirth "8"^^xs:int ; dbpprop:placeOfBirth "London, England"@en ; dbpprop:religion dbpedia:Unitarian_Universalism ; dbpprop:before "First recipient"@en ; dbpprop:nationality "British"@en ; dbpprop:birthDate 1955-06-08 ; dbpprop:title "Professor"@en ; dbpprop:title "Millennium Technology Prize winner"@en ; dbpprop:almaMater dbpedia:The_Queen's_College,_Oxford ; dbpprop:occupation dbpedia:Computer_scientist ; dbpprop:residence "Massachusetts, U.S."@en ;
c
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
• Specifies how an XML document should appear
– Mapping from XML to presentation display model
• Separation of style from content
– Reuse of one centralized style for multiple documents
• “Cascading” is layered building up of style from general to specific
• Default style sheets for HTML
– And SVG, MathML, etc.
– Thus default style for a given domain of XML
• Effectively a default stylesheet for XML
– How XML appears on a web browser
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Model-driven development
informatiemodel
interface-specificatie
bedrijfs-regelsge
drag
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generatie
default interface-specificatie
informatie-model
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Track
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from OU course T37121 Model-driven development workbook
Model-driven Development concepts
• Default/prototype system interface from data model (ontology)
• Whole system development driven by development of data model
– And feedback from default interface guide model development
– But Semantic Web has more reuse of existing ontologies
• Various ways of overriding or tailing default interface
– In OWF Wiki Forms:
• Cascading ontology
• Cascading Fresnel
• CSS
• Wiki templates at standard locations
http://dig.csail.mit.edu/2006/Talks/0724-fresnel/#%2814%29
Domain-independent default for browser (Longwell)
With (handmade) Fresnel style
Fresnel: RDF interface in RDF• Specifies how RDF is display
• Separates style from content: like CSS for XML
• Also in RDF
• Supported by multiple semantic browsers such as Longwell
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresnel_lens
http://www.w3.org/2005/04/fresnel-info/manual/
• Both Fresnel and Page Schemas• declarative definitions• standardized syntaxes
• Differences• Page Schemas
• uses XML for Forms• data model and style combined
• Fresnel• uses RDF for semantic browsers• data model separate• cascaded default style
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Extrapolation
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Extrapolation
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Constraints vs Inferencing
• Typical system has interface constraints– “You must enter a speaker for this talk”
• Semantic Web is “open” via inferencing– “Every talk has one speaker, so there must be a
speaker out there somewhere”
• Ramifications for mapping Semantic Web ontologies to SMW & Semantic Forms
Generated default Fresnel code
:defaultLenshttpxmlnscomfoaf01Person rdf:type fresnel:Lens ; fresnel:classLensDomain foaf:Person ; fresnel:showProperties
foaf:currentProject , foaf:familyName , foaf:family_name , foaf:firstName , foaf:geekcode , foaf:img , foaf:knows , foaf:lastName , foaf:myersBriggs , foaf:pastProject , foaf:plan , foaf:publications , foaf:schoolHomepage , foaf:surname , foaf:workInfoHomepage , foaf:workplaceHomepage .
Default view
{{Informbox Person|familyName=Berners-Lee|firstName=Tim|img=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/
Tim_Berners-Lee-Knight-crop.jpg|knows=Conway Berners-Lee, Mary Lee Woods}}
Cascade Fresnel to hide undesired properties
:defaultLenshttpxmlnscomfoaf01Person fresnel:hideProperties foaf:currentProject , foaf:family_name , foaf:geekcode , foaf:lastName , foaf:myersBriggs , foaf:pastProject , foaf:plan , foaf:publications , foaf:schoolHomepage , foaf:surname , foaf:workInfoHomepage , foaf:workplaceHomepage .
:imgFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ; fresnel:value fresnel:image ; fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:img .
A few next steps• Overriding default by extending external ontology on local wiki
– Local wiki URI’s are subproperties or subclasses of source
– Desired Fresnel is default from local ontology extension
• Minimizing non-default style specification– Default for ontology through non-default style to target interface
– Evaluate as distance from default to target
• Standard sort?, “triple distance”?
– Most widely used ontologies and interface
• Non-default style layer– Namespace data
– Order of properties in boxes: via Fresnel
– CSS via Fresnel
Big next step:Extend Fresnel for SMW• Extend Fresnel ontology syntactically/structurally
– Keep using Fresnel for as much as it works• Default and tailored works on other Fresnel tools
– Other namespace: “owfsty:”
– Subclasses and subproperties
• Misc. functional extensions– Link lenses to named stylesheets
– Extend cascading to complete it
– Mirroring OWF constructs for non-inferencing interface-only
• owf:cardinality=1 , owf:minCardinality=1 , owf:maxCardinality=1
• New ontology mirrors Semantic Forms etc. components– Maps lens to Forms interface
– Structured means to perform this mapping
Ontology Fresnel MediaWiki and extensions
URIs [[EquivalentURI::...]] SMW
[[Imported from::...]] SMW
rdfs:label label Pagename MW , Label on form and box displays OWF
rdf:Property Gets own Property: page SMW
rdfs:
ClassLensdefaultLensclassLensDomain
Gets own Category: page MW , [[Category:...]] on page MW
Gets own informbox (if domain) OWF
[[Has default form::...]] on category SF
subclassOf [[Category:...]] on category page MW
domain showProperties (Un)assign property to informbox OWF
cascading onlyhidePropertiesshowProperties=rds:seq Sort properties in informbox
range value is
class
autocomplete on category=... SF , [[Has default form::...]] on property SF
[[Has type::Page]] SMW
Literal , some xsd:'s [[Has type::String]] SMW
other xsd:'sxsd:date(time) [[Has type::Number]] SMW
[[Has type::Date]] SMWxsd:Boolean
[[Has type::Boolean]] SMW , values=Yes,No | input type=radiobutton SFxsd:URI
cascading onlyimage [[Has type::URL]] SMWexternalLinkuri [[Has type::String]] SMW
owl:
DataRangewith oneOf
input type=Enumeration SF
values= SF , [[Allows value::...]] SMW
values
hasValue, allValuesFrom autocomplete on category=… SF
someValuesFrommandatory SF
cardinality
(min)...>0(max)...=1 No #arraymap SF, No list SF
(max)...>1 Repeated fields SF
(min)...>1 Repeated mandatory fields SF
#arraymap SF, list SFdefault
Code and parameters generated by OWF from these technologies: MW MediaWiki, SMW Semantic MediaWiki, SF Semantic Forms, OWF OWF-only
Planned or under development in OWF (the rest is implemented)
