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Sønderborg’s Roadmap 2020 in a Nordic Context
Presentation to the Launching of ProjectZeros Roadmap2020, Sønderborg, Denmark, January 31, 2014
Benjamin K. Sovacool, Ph.D
Director, Center for Energy Technology, AU-Herning
Professor of Business and Social Sciences, Aarhus University
Associate Professor of Law, Vermont Law School
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The need for better
energy systems
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Global Final Energy Consumption, 2010
Amount = 5,413 mtoe Amount = 20,055 TWh Amount = 88 mbd
Renewable energy is largely the “other”!
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Major Global Energy Reserves for Leading Energy
Nations, 2012
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Bill
ion
Bar
rels
of O
il Eq
uiv
alen
t
Shale Gas
Uranium
Coal
Natural Gas
Oil
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Life Expectancy of Proven Fossil Fuel and Uranium Resources, 2012
6
Proven
Reserves
Current
Production
Life Expectancy (Years)
0% Annual
Production
Growth
Rate
1.6%
Production
Growth
Rate
2.5%
Production
Growth
Rate
Coal 930,400
million short
tons
6,807
million short
tons
137 85 61
Natural
Gas
6,189 trillion
cubic feet
104.0 trillion
cubic feet
60 42 37
Petrole
um
1317 billion
barrels
30.560
billion
barrels
43 33 30
Uraniu
m
4,743,000
tons (at
$130/kgU)
40,260 tons 118 67 56
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• Sønderborg’s leadership
from a Nordic
perspective
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Nordic Energy Flows
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Primary energy production in Nordic countries;
share of production by fuel, 2011
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Four “hot” areas of
innovation needed to meet
the region’s carbon/energy
goals
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#1: Renewable electricity
(but mostly bio-energy
and hydro)
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Primary renewable energy production in
the Nordic countries, 2011
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Nordic total primary energy supply
in the Carbon-Neutral Scenario
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Sønderborg’s leadership
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Sønderborg’s leadership
Left image: new district heating plant in Sonderborg that is
powered by geothermal energy, heat pumps and biomass.
Right image: one of the two new 2.3 MW Siemens wind
turbines at Mintebjerg
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#2: Energy efficiency in
buildings
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Energy intensity in the Nordic region, and globally
Final energy consumption per capita, Nordic countries and
OECD average
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Buildings need energy efficiency improvements
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Sønderborg’s leadership
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Sønderborg’s leadership
Left image: Charlie” who for three years did free energy audits in private
residential buildings in the Sonderborg area. The program was so successful
that it is being copied in neighboring municipalities and the new European
standard for residential energy audits is being called “a Charlie”. The right
image is the first ZERO+ house in Denmark to produce more energy than it
consumes.
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#3: Transportation (but it’s
hydrogen, biofuels, and
EVs)
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Nordic energy use in
transport
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2050 energy use in transport
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EV share of total Nordic
(passenger) car sales
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Sønderborg’s leadership
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Sønderborg’s leadership
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#4: Carbon Capture and
Storage (CCS)
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Carbon capture and storage is key
“Carbon capture and storage (CCS) represents the most important option
among new technologies for reducing industrial CO2 emissions after 2030.
Currently, great uncertainties exist as to how to deploy CCS, and therefore
both CCS demonstrations and closer Nordic collaboration would be needed to
overcome the barriers.”
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CCS utilization in industry by 2050
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Sønderborg’s leadership
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• Energy transitions are particularly difficult and
“wicked,” yet we desperately need cleaner forms
of supply
• Sønderborg’s leadership, to an outsider, is
particularly multi-sectoral, synergistic, and,
honestly, impressive
• It also has something that is sorely lacking
today: foresight
Conclusions
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Primary data sources:
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Contact Information
Benjamin K. Sovacool, Ph.D
Professor and Director
Center for Energiteknologier
Aarhus Universitet
AU Herning
School of Business and Social Sciences
Birk Centerpark 15
Bygning 8001 Room C.2.10
7400 Herning
Danmark
O: +45 8716 6915
M: +45 3032 4303