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SOA Design & Architecture Lab (S90-09A)
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Question 1 Service A is an entity service with a functional context dedicated to invoice-related processing. Service B is
a utility service that provides generic data access to a database.
In this service composition architecture, Service Consumer A sends a SOAP message containing an
invoice XML document to Service A(1). Service A then sends the invoice XML document to Service B (2),
which then writes the invoice document to a database.
The data model used by Service Consumer A to represent the invoice document is based on XML Schema
Options:
A. The service contract of Service A is designed to accept invoice documents based on XML
Schema B.
The service contract for Service B is designed to accept invoice documents based on XML
Schema A. The
database to which Service B needs to write the invoice record only accepts entire business
documents in
Comma Separated Value (CSV) format.
- Due to the incompatibility of the XML schemas used by the services, the sending of the invoice
document
from Service Consumer A through to Service B cannot be accomplished using the services as
they
currently exist. Assuming that the Contract Centralization pattern is being applied and that the
Logic
Centralization is not being applied, what steps can be taken to enable the sending of the invoice
document
from Service Consumer A to the database without adding logic that will increase the runtime
performance
requirements of the service composition?
A. Service Consumer A can be redesigned to use XML Schema B so that the SOAP message it
sends is
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compliant with the service contract of Service A . The Data Model Transformation pattern can then
be
applied to transform the SOAP message sent by Service A so that it conforms to the XML Schema
A
used by Service B. The Standardized Service Contract principle must then be applied to Service B
and
Service Consumer A so that the invoice XML document is optimized to avoid unnecessary
validation.
B. The service composition can be redesigned so that Service Consumer A sends the invoice
document
directly to Service B. Because Service Consumer A and Service B use XML Schema A, the need
for
transformation logic is avoided. This naturally applies the Service Loose Coupling principle
because
Service Consumer A is not required to send the invoice document in a format that is compliant
with the
database used by Service B.
C. Service Consumer A can be redesigned to write the invoice document directly to the database.
This
reduces performance requirements by avoiding the involvement of Service A and Service B . It
further
supports the application of the Service Abstraction principle by ensuring that Service Consumer A
hides
the details of the data access logic required to write to the database.
D. None of the above.
Answer: B
Question 2 Service A is an entity service with a functional context dedicated to invoice-related processing. Service B is
a utility service that provides generic data access to a database.
In this service composition architecture, Service Consumer A sends a SOAP message containing an
invoice XML document to Service A(1). Service A then sends the invoice XML document to Service B (2),
which then writes the invoice document to a database.
The data model used by Service Consumer A to represent the invoice document is based on XML Schema
Options:
A. The service contract of Service A is designed to accept invoice documents based on XML
Schema B.
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The service contract for Service B is designed to accept invoice documents based on XML
Schema A. The
database to which Service B needs to write the invoice record only accepts entire business
documents in
Comma Separated Value (CSV) format.
- Due to the incompatibility of XML schemas used by the services, the sending of the invoice
document from
Service Consumer A through to Service B cannot be accomplished using the services as they
currently
exist. Assuming that the Contract Centralization and Logic Centralization patterns are being
applied, what
steps can be taken to enable the sending of the invoice document from Service Consumer A to the
database without adding logic that will increase the runtime performance of the service
composition?
A. The Data Model Transformation pattern can be applied so that the invoice document sent by
Service
Consumer A is transformed into an invoice document that is compliant with the XML Schema B
used by
Service A . The Data Model Transformation pattern can be applied again to ensure that the invoice
document sent by Service A is compliant with XML Schema A used by Service B.
B. The service composition can be redesigned so that Service Consumer A sends the invoice
document
directly to Service B. Because Service Consumer A and Service B use XML Schema A, the need
for
transformation logic is avoided. This naturally applies the Service Loose Coupling principle
because
Service Consumer A is not required to send the invoice document in a format that is compliant
with the
database used by Service B.
C. The Standardized Service Contract principle can be applied to the service contract of Service A
so that it
is redesigned to use XML Schema A. This would make it capable of receiving the invoice
document
from Service Consumer A and sending the invoice document to Service B without the need to
further
apply the Data Model Transformation pattern.
D. None of the above.
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Answer: C
Question 3 The Client and Vendor services are agnostic services that are both currently part of multiple service
compositions. As a result, these services are sometimes subjected to concurrent access by multiple service
consumers.
The Client service is an entity service that primarily provides data access logic to a client database but also
provides some calculation logic associated with determining a client's credit rating. The Vendor service is
also an entity service that provides some data access logic but can also generate various dynamic reports.
After reviewing historical statistics about the runtime activity of the two services, it was discovered that the
majority of concurrent runtime access is related to the processing of business rules. With the Client service,
it is the calculation logic that is frequently required and with the Vendor service it is the dynamic reporting
logic that needs to be accessed separately from the actual report generation.
- Currently, due to the increasing amount of concurrent access by service consumers, the runtime
performance of both the Client and Vendor services has worsened and has therefore reduced their
effectiveness as service composition members. What steps can be taken to solve this problem without
introducing new services?
Options:
A. The Rules Centralization pattern can be applied by extracting the business rule logic from the
Client and
Vendor services and placing it into a new Rules service. This will naturally improve the runtime
performance of the Client and Vendor services because they will no longer be subjected to the
high
concurrent access of service consumers that require access to the business rules logic.
B. The Redundant Implementation pattern can be applied to the Client and Vendor services,
thereby
establishing duplicate implementations that can be accessed when a service reaches its runtime
usage
threshold. The Intermediate Routing pattern can be further applied to provide load balancing logic
that
can, at runtime, determine which of the redundant service implementations is the least busy for a
given
service consumer request.
C. The Rules Centralization pattern can be applied together with the Redundant Implementation
pattern to
establish a scalable Rules service that is redundantly implemented and therefore capable of
supporting
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high concurrent access from many service consumers. The Service Abstraction principle can be
further
applied to hide the implementation details of the Rules service.
D. None of the above.
Answer: B
Question 4 Currently, due to the increasing amount of concurrent access by service consumers, the runtime
performance of both the Client and Vendor services has worsened and has therefore reduced their
effectiveness as service composition members. Additionally, a review of the logic of both services has
revealed that some of the business rules used by the Client and Vendor services are actually the same.
What steps can be taken to improve performance and reduce redundant business rule logic?
Options:
A. The Rules Centralization pattern can be applied by extracting the business rule logic from the
Client and
Vendor services and placing it into a new Rules service, thereby reducing the redundancy of
business
rules logic. The Redundant Implementation pattern can then be applied to establish a scalable
Rules
service that is capable of supporting concurrent access from many service consumers.
B. The Redundant Implementation pattern can be applied to the Client and Vendor services,
thereby
establishing duplicate service implementations that can be accessed when a service reaches its
runtime
usage threshold. The Intermediate Routing pattern can be further applied to provide load
balancing logic
that can, at runtime, determine which of the redundant service implementations is the least busy
for a
given service consumer request.
C. The Rules Centralization pattern can be applied to isolate business rules logic into a central
and
reusable Rules service. Additionally, the Service Abstraction principle can be applied to hide the
implementation details of new the Rules service.
D. None of the above.
Answer: A
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Question 5 Service A is a utility service that provides generic data access logic to a database that contains data that is
periodically replicated from a shared database (1). Because the Standardized Service Contract principle
was applied to the design of Service A, its service contract has been fully standardized.
The service architecture of Service A is being accessed by three service consumers. Service Consumer A
accesses a component that is part of the Service A implementation by invoking it directly (2). Service
Consumer B invokes Service A by accessing its service contract (3). Service Consumer C directly
accesses
the replicated database that is part of the Service A implementation (4).
You've been told that the shared database will soon be replaced with a new database product that will have
new data models and new replication technology. How can the Service A architecture be changed to avoid
negative impacts that may result from the replacement of the database and to establish a service
architecture in which negative forms of coupling can be avoided in the future?
- A. The Contract Centralization pattern can be applied to force all service consumers to access the Service
A architecture via its published service contract. This will prevent negative forms of coupling that could
lead to problems when the database is replaced. The Service Abstraction principle can then be applied
to hide underlying service implementation details so that future service consumers cannot be designed
to access any part of the underlying service implementation.
?B: The Contract Centralization pattern can be applied to force Service Consumer C to access the Service
A architecture via its published service contract. This will prevent Service Consumer A from being
negatively impacted when the database is replaced in the future.
?C: The Standardized Service Contract principle can be applied to force Service Consumer B to comply to
the standardized service contract of Service A. As a result, the coupling between Service Consumer B
and Service A is reduced. The Logic Centralization pattern can then be applied to position the logic
provided by Service A as a primary access point for the database. As a result, the component within the
Service A architecture abstracts the proprietary details of the database, thereby shielding Service
Consumer A (and any future service consumers) from changes made to the database.
?D: None of the above.
Options:
A. The Contract Centralization pattern can be applied to force Service Consumer C to access the
Service
A architecture via its published service contract. This will prevent Service Consumer A from being
negatively impacted when the database is replaced in the future.
B. The Standardized Service Contract principle can be applied to force Service Consumer B to
comply to
the standardized service contract of Service A. As a result, the coupling between Service
Consumer B
and Service A is reduced. The Logic Centralization pattern can then be applied to position the
logic
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provided by Service A as a primary access point for the database. As a result, the component
within the
Service A architecture abstracts the proprietary details of the database, thereby shielding Service
Consumer A (and any future service consumers) from changes made to the database.
C. None of the above.
Answer: A
Question 6 Service A is a utility service that provides generic data access logic to a database that contains data that is
periodically replicated from a shared database (1). Because the Standardized Service Contract principle
was applied to the design of Service A, its service contract has been fully standardized.
Service A is being accessed by three service consumers. Service Consumer A accesses a component that
is part of the Service A implementation by invoking it directly (2). Service Consumer B invokes Service A by
accessing its service contract (3). Service Consumer C directly accesses the replicated database that is
part of the Service A implementation (4).
- You've been told that the reason Service Consumers A and C bypass the published Service A service
contract is because, for security reasons, they are not allowed to access a subset of the operations in the
WSDL definition that expresses the service contract. How can the Service A architecture be changed to
enforce these security restrictions while avoiding negative forms of coupling?
Options:
A. The Contract Centralization pattern can be applied to force all service consumers to access the
Service
A architecture via its published service contract. This will prevent negative forms of coupling that
could
lead to problems when the database is replaced. The Service Abstraction principle can then be
applied
to hide underlying service architecture details so that future service consumers cannot be
designed to
access any part of the underlying service implementation.
B. The Contract Centralization pattern can be applied to force service consumers to access the
Service A
architecture via its published service contract only. The Service Loose Coupling principle can then
be
applied to ensure that the centralized service contract does not contain any content that is
dependent on
or derived from the underlying service implementation.
C. The Concurrent Contracts pattern can be applied to Service A in order to establish one or more
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alternative service contracts. This allows service consumers with different levels of security
clearance to
continue accessing the service logic via its published service contracts.
D. None of the above.
Answer: C
Question 7 Service A is a task service that is required to carry out a series of updates to a set of databases in order to
complete a task. To perform the database updates Service A must interact with three other services, each
of which provides standardized data access capabilities.
Service A sends its first update request message to Service B (1), which then responds with a message
containing a success or failure code (2). Service A then sends its second update request message to
Service C (3), which also responds with a message containing a success or failure code (4). Finally,
Service
A sends a request message to Service D (5), which responds with its own message containing a success
or
failure code (6).
- You've been given a requirement that all database updates must either be completed successfully or not
at
all. This means that if any of the three response messages received by Service A contain a failure code, all
of the updates carried out until that point must be reversed. Note that if Service A does not receive a
response message back from Services B, C, or D, it must assume that a failure has occurred. How can this
service composition architecture be changed to fulfill these requirements?
Options:
A. The Reliable Messaging pattern can be applied to guarantee the delivery of positive or negative
acknowledgements. This way, Service A will always be informed of whether a failure condition has
occurred with any of the database updates performed by Services B, C, and D. Furthermore, the
Service Loose Coupling principle can be applied to ensure that the request and response
messages
exchanged by the services do not contain any implementation details that would indirectly couple
Service A to any of the databases.
B. The Atomic Service Transaction pattern can be applied individually to Services B, C, and D so
that each
of these services performs its own database update within the scope of an atomic transaction. If
anyone
update fails, that change can be rolled back on that database. Furthermore, the Service Loose
Coupling
principle can be applied to ensure that Service A is kept out of the scope of the atomic transaction
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so
that it is not negatively coupled to the proprietary database technologies that are required to
enable the
atomic transaction functionality.
C. The Compensating Service Transaction can be applied to Service A so that when any one
response
message containing a failure code is received by Service A, it can invoke exception handling logic
that
will log the failed database updates. The Service Loose Coupling principle can be further applied
to
ensure that Services B, C, or D are not indirectly coupled to the exception handling logic,
especially if
Service A requires additional access to Services B, C, or D in order to collect more information for
logging purposes.
D. None of the above.
Answer: D
Question 8 Service A is a task service that is required to carry out a series of updates to a set of databases in order to
complete a task. To perform the database updates Service A must interact with three other services, each
of which provides standardized data access capabilities.
Service A sends its first update request message to Service B (1), which then responds with a message
containing a success or failure code (2). Service A then sends its second update request message to
Service C (3), which also responds with a message containing a success or failure code (4). Finally,
Service
A sends a request message to Service D (5), which responds with its own message containing a success
or
failure code (6).
- You've been asked to change this service composition architecture in order to fulfill a set of new
requirements: First, if the database update performed by Service B fails, then it must be logged by Service
Options:
A. Secondly, if the database update performed by Service C fails, then a notification e-mail must
be sent out
to a human administrator. Third, if the database update performed by either Service C or Service
D fails,
then both of these updates must be reversed so that the respective databases are restored back
to their
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original states. What steps can be taken to fulfill these requirements?
A. Service A is updated to perform a logging routine when Service A receives a response
message from
Service B containing a failure code. Service A is further updated to send an e-mail notification to a
human administrator if Service A receives a response message from Service C containing a failure
code. The Atomic Service Transaction pattern is applied so that Services A, C, and D are
encompassed
in the scope of a transaction that will guarantee that if the database updates performed by either
Service
C or Service D fails, then both updates will be rolled back.
B. The Compensating Service Transaction pattern is applied to Service B so that it invokes
exception
handling logic that logs failed database updates before responding with a failure code back to
Service A
. Similarly, the Compensating Service Transaction pattern is applied to Service C so that it issues
an e-
mail notification to a human administrator when a database update fails. The Atomic Service
Transaction pattern is applied so that Services A, C, and D are encompassed in the scope of a
transaction that will guarantee that if the database updates performed by either Service C or
Service D
fails, then both updates will be rolled back. The Service Autonomy principle is further applied to
Service
A to ensure that it remains consistently available to carry out this sequence of actions.
C. The Atomic Service Transaction pattern is applied so that Services A, C, and D are
encompassed in the
scope of a transaction that will guarantee that if the database updates performed by either Service
C or
Service D fails, then both updates will be rolled back. The Compensating Service Transaction
pattern is
then applied to all services so that the scope of the compensating transaction includes the scope
of the
atomic transaction. The compensating exception logic that is added to Service D automatically
invokes
Service B to log the failure condition and Service C to issue the e-mail notification to the human
administrator. This way, it is guaranteed that the compensating logic is always executed together
with
the atomic transaction logic.
D. None of the above.
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Answer: A
Question 9 Service A is a task service that sends Service B a message (2) requesting that Service B return data back
to Service A in a response message (3). Depending on the response received. Service A may be required
to send a message to Service C (4) for which it requires no response.
Before it contacts Service B, Service A must first retrieve a list of code values from its own database (1)
and
then place this data into its own memory. If it turns out that it must send a message to Service C, then
Service A must combine the data it receives from Service B with the data from the code value list in order
to
create the message it sends to Service C. If Service A is not required to invoke Service C, it can complete
its task by discarding the code values.
Service A and Service C reside in Service Inventory A. Service B resides in Service Inventory B.
- You are told that the services in Service Inventory A are all SOAP-based Web services designed to
exchange SOAP 1.1 messages and the services in Service Inventory B are SOAP-based Web services
designed to exchange SOAP 1.2 messages. Therefore, Service A and Service B cannot currently
communicate. Furthermore, you are told that Service B needs to access a shared database in order to
retrieve the data required by Service A. The response time of the database can sometimes be lengthy,
which would cause Service A to consume too much resources while it is waiting and keeping the code
values in memory. How can this service composition architecture be changed to avoid these problems?
Options:
A. The Protocol Bridging pattern can be applied by establishing an intermediate processing layer
between
Service A and Service B that can convert SOAP 1.1 messages to SOAP 1.2 messages and vice
versa.
The Service Data Replication pattern can be applied to Service B so that it is given a dedicated
database with its own copy of the data it needs to access. The Service Normalization pattern can
then
be applied to ensure that the data within the replicated database is normalized with the shared
database
it is receiving replicated data from.
B. The Protocol Bridging pattern can be applied by establishing an intermediate processing layer
between
Service A and Service B that can convert SOAP 1.1 messages to SOAP 1.2 messages and vice
versa.
The Service Statelessness principle can be applied with the help of the State Repository pattern
so that
Service A can write the code value data to a state database while it is waiting for Service B to
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respond.
C. The Protocol Bridging pattern can be applied by establishing an intermediate processing layer
between
Service A and Service B that can convert SOAP 1.1 messages to SOAP 1.2 messages and vice
versa.
The Intermediate Routing pattern can be applied to dynamically determine whether Service A
should
send a message to Service C. The Service Autonomy principle can be applied to Service A to
further
increase its behavioral predictability by reducing the amount of memory it is required to consume.
D. None of the above.
Answer: B
Question 10 Service A is a task service that sends Service B a message (2) requesting that Service B return data back
to Service A in a response message (3). Depending on the response received. Service A may be required
to send a message to Service C (4) for which it requires no response.
Before it contacts Service B, Service A must first retrieve a list of code values from its own database (1)
and
then place this data into its own memory. If it turns out that it must send a message to Service C, then
Service A must combine the data it receives from Service B with the data from the code value list in order
to
create the message it sends to Service C. If Service A is not required to invoke Service C, it can complete
its task by discarding the code values.
Service A and Service C reside in Service Inventory A. Service B resides in Service Inventory B.
- You are told that the services in Service Inventory A were designed with service contracts based on
different design standards than the services in Service Inventory B. As a result, Service A and Service B
use different data models to represent the data they need to exchange. Therefore, Service A and Service B
cannot currently communicate. Furthermore, Service C is an agnostic service that is heavily accessed by
many concurrent service consumers. Service C frequently reaches its usage thresholds during which it is
not available and messages sent to it are not received. How can this service composition architecture be
changed to avoid these problems?
Options:
A. The Data Model Transformation pattern can be applied by establishing an intermediate
processing layer
between Service A and Service B that can transform a message from one data model to another
at
runtime. The Intermediate Routing and Service Agent patterns can be applied so that when
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Service B
sends a response message, a service agent can intercept the message and, based on its
contents,
either forward the message to Service A or route the message to Service C . The Service
Autonomy
principle can be further applied to Service C together with the Redundant Implementation pattern
to help
establish a more reliable and scalable service architecture.
B. The Data Model Transformation pattern can be applied by establishing an intermediate
processing layer
between Service A and Service B that can transform a message from one data model to another
at
runtime. The Asynchronous Queuing pattern can be applied to establish an intermediate queue
between
Service A and Service C so that when Service A needs to send a message to Service C, the
queue will
store the message and retransmit it to Service C until it is successfully delivered. The Service
Autonomy
principle can be further applied to Service C together with the Redundant Implementation pattern
to help
establish a more reliable and scalable service architecture.
C. The Data Model Transformation pattern can be applied by establishing an intermediate
processing layer
between Service A and Service B that can transform a message from one data model to another
at
runtime. The Intermediate Routing and Service Agent patterns can be applied so that when
Service B
sends a response message, a service agent can intercept the message and, based on its
contents,
either forward the message to Service A or route the message to Service C . The Service
Statelessness
principle can be applied with the help of the State Repository pattern so that Service A can write
the
code value data to a state database while it is waiting for Service B to respond.
D. None of the above.
Answer: B
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