Download - Solar Advances
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ABB PP&PS FES ItaliaJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 1
Advanced solutions for solar plantsSergio Asenjo, Head of Solar Center of Competence, June 10th 2010
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 2
Photovoltaic plant automation Architecture
The system will manage, among traditional automationfunctions/features:
Solar tracking system, when available, for productionmaximization
Performance calculation of the different stages ABB patented Switching System for optimizing inverter efficiency
Troubleshooting management of strings
Integration of plant security and surveillance system
Production automatic reporting system
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 3
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
High precision shadowing control algorithm for solar tracking
Extensible and scalable solution for any plant size
Switching system for optimizing inverter efficiency
Performance/efficiency oriented supervision system
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 5
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
High precision shadowing control algorithm for solar tracking
ABB algorithm calculates the optimal position modelingpanels and tracker structure geometry
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 6
Photovoltaic plant automation Architecture
LAN 2
LocalAutomation
Solar Tracker
Inverters
MV an LVSwicthgears
DCS
Transformers
OPERATORWORKPLACE
Remote Office
Internet
Remote Access
LAN 1
eMail
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 7
Photovoltaic plant automationFunction allocation
At the DCS level is controlled
Solar plant power electronics device controls
Optimization - switching
Neural networks - intelligent forecast and approximation
Alarms and events handling At local automation is performed
Trackers
Accurate solar tracking algorithm
One and two axis movement control implementationPower connection box
Power connection box management
Current per line current control to detect strings failures
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 8
RS20-0800 RS20-0800
RS20-0400 Spider 5Tx
9PLC5
Fibra pticaMultimodo
CableCat5+
Cableinterior armario
9PLC4
9PLC3
9PLC2
9PLC1
9PLC4
8PLC3
8PLC2
8PLC1
7PLC4
7PLC3
7PLC2 7PLC1
6PLC5
6PLC4
6PLC3
6PLC2
6PLC1
5PLC4
5PLC3
4PLC4
4PLC3
5PLC2
5PLC1
4PLC2
4PLC1
3PLC4
3PLC3
3PLC2
3PLC1
2PLC5
2PLC4
2PLC3
1PLC4
2PLC2
2PLC1
1PLC3
1PLC2 1PLC1
Master 2 Master 1
SAION-LINE
ADSL
Supervision & control systems
Photovoltaic plant automationLocal automation architecture
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 9
Photovoltaic plant automationOperator mimics
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 10
Photovoltaic plant automationOperator mimics
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 11
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
Switching System for optimizing inverter efficiency
Input power distribution for optimizing inverter efficiency
Switching principles:
Inverter low performance at low loads
Inverter high performance at medium-high loadsOne inverter working at medium load, better than twoinverters working at low load
Load balancing among inverters
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 12
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
Switching System for optimizing inverter efficiency
Low performance High performance
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 13
Photovoltaic plant automation Advanced optimization
DCS advanced control functions
Operation of the switch over cabinet
Optimization based theoretical calculations
Neural networks analysis
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 15
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
Switching system for optimizing inverter efficiency
Neuronal Network is an adaptive approximation method toachieve a more accurate calculation of output power incase of switching
Working Principle:
Two inverters: PI1=I1*V1 ; PI2=I2*V2
Switching all strings to Inverter 1
One inverter; PI=PI1+PI2 (Ideal)
One inverter; PI=PI1+PI2 (real)
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 16
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
Switching System for optimizing inverter efficiency
The difference is in the PVturbine equivalent I-V curve(affected by paneldegradation, dirtiness, etc..)Neuronal network learns fromreal values to getprogressively a better PI
1n v I P
2n v I P
3nv I P
1nv I P
3nv I P
1nv I P
2nv I P
3nv I
P
1nv I P
3nv I P
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 17
Solar standard solutionTechnology highlights
Performance/efficiency oriented supervision system
Real time plant performance ratio calculation based on:
Irradiation
Panels strings
InvertersTransformers
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 19
Stages for performanceCalculations
ModulesEfficiency
Tracking Efficiency Cablingefficiency
Inverters andSwicthingEfficiency
Trasnformersefficiency
Irradiation
Temperature
Strings Inverters Inverters output
ModulesCharacteristics Tracking- Perfect- Optimal
distribution
Inverter characteristics
Swicthing scheme
Transformerscharacteristics
Real Position
String Tracker Inverters Transformer
Trafo
Counter
DC cable Designcharactericits
DC field A
V
A
V
A
V
A
V
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 20
Real performanceDevices for measuring
Measurements devices:
Weather station
Pyranometers
Reference cells
Inclinometers
Strings measurements
Inverters measurement
Input DC
Output ac
Transformers
Electrical metering
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 21
Theoretical performanceCalculation methods
Equipment characteristics
Modules behavior
Tracking models
Perfect
Optimal
Cabling design
Switching, inverter curves
Transformers performance curves
Control system strategy and features
PLCs, SCADA, Databases
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 24
Dawn
Cloudiness
Dawn - nightfallr
Red color area production increase
ABB system optimization Automatic Switching system in dawn, nightfall and clouds
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14, 2013 | Slide 25
Solar standard solutionTechnology improvements
0 Kwh10 Kwh20 Kwh30 Kwh40 Kwh50 Kwh60 Kwh70 Kwh80 Kwh90 Kwh
100 Kwh
PV Plant 1
PV Plant 3
PV Plant 2
Performance/efficiency increased by 0,8% to 2,5%
Production increased during the whole day, startingearlier and shutting off later.
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ABB Solar COC SpainJuly 14 2013 | Slide 27