Source: http://timesonline.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/2007/10/01/obama2.jpg
Small town folk, “bitter” over their economic
troubles, “cling to guns and religion.”
Source: http://www.fcservices.org/images/spot_deaf-services.jpg
I’m going to clean the stream behind
my house
I’m going to invest all my money in
growth stocks like Exxon-Mobil.
Source: http://www.omafra.gov.on.ca/english/rural/facts/96-001f1.gif
PostmaterialistValues
MaterialistValues
Secular-RationalValues
Self-ExpressionValues
EmphasizeReligiosity
EmphasizePatriotism
RespectAuthority
TeachObedience
SupportTraditionalFamilism
EmphasizeCivic & Political
Freedom
Support & UsePublic Expression
TolerateNonconformity
FeelSelf-Directed
SenseHuman Trust
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ -
+ -
- +
- +
- +
- +
- +
Mor
e A
ctio
n R
esou
rces
Ava
ilabl
e
MoreMaterialMeans
HigherIntellectual
Skills
WiderSocial
Connectivity
StronglySecular-Rational
Community
StronglySelf-Expressive
Individual
Emphasis on
HumanChoice
Less Action R
esources Available
LessMaterialMeans
LowerIntellectual
Skills
NarrowerSocial
Connectivity
WeaklySecular-Rational
Community
WeaklySelf-Expressive
Individual
Emphasis on
HumanConstraint
Increasing Misery
Increasing Prosperity
Source: Hal Knowles, adapted from Christian Welzel’s A Human Development View on Value Changehttp://margaux.grandvinum.se/SebTest/wvs/articles/folder_published/article_base_83
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 0.45 0.50 0.55 0.60 0.65 0.70
Africa
before 1921
1921-30
1931-40
1941-50
1951-60
1961-70
1971-80
after 1980
before 1921
1931-40
1941-50
1951-601961-70
1971-80
after 1980
Self-Expression Values +_
Se
cu
lar-
Ra
tio
na
l Va
lue
s
+
_
before 1921
after 1980
after 1980
after 1980
after 1980
before 1921
before 1921
Source: http://margaux.grandvinum.se/SebTest/wvs/articles/folder_published/article_base_83