Julio Chupp

Imperfect

Preterite

Por y Para

Stressed Possessive adjectives & pronouns

Usted & ustedes commands

Present subjunctive

Subjunctive with verbs of will & influence

Subjunctive with verbs of emotion

Subjunctive with verbs of doubt & disbelief

Subjunctive conjunctions

Subjunctive in Adjective Clauses

Tú Commands

Nosotros Commands

Past Participles used as Adjectives

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Future Tense

Conditional Tense

Past Subjunctive

Ar Er Ir

Cantaba Tenía Salía

Cantabas Teníias Salías

Cantaba Tenía Salía

Cantábamos Teníamos Salíamos

Cantaban Tenían Salían

Use to: speak about background events in a story, talk about

something you used to do as a matter of habit, speak about

how old someone was, say what time it was

Ar verbs

éaste

ó

amosasteisaron

Er/Irverbs

íisteió

imosisteisieron

used for past actions that are seen as completed

To express gratitude/apology

“through”

“along”

“by”

“in the area of”

talking about exchange, including

sales

to express a length of time

to express cause or reason

PARA

Indicate Destination

“In order to”

“For”

“By”

“Considering”

Indicate Purpose, Intent,

Usefulness, Need

Short form

Mi

Tu

Su

Nuestro

Vuestro

Su

Long Form

Mio

Tuyo

Suyo

Nuestro

Vuestro

Suyo

To form possessive pronoun:

Use the long form of possessive adjective

Add le, la, los, las based on the gender and

number of the noun

Attach pronoun to reflexive when using reflexive

in infinitive form

1) Start with the yo form of the present

indicative.

2) Then drop the -o ending.

3) Finally, add the following endings:

-ar verbs:

-e (for Ud.), -en (for Uds.)

-er and -ir verbs:

-a (for Ud.), -an (for Uds.)

reflects how the speaker feels about the

action

1) Start with the yo form of the present

indicative.

2) Then drop the -o ending.

3) Finally, add the following endings:

-ar verbs:

-e, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, en

-er and -ir verbs:

-a, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an

Rogar (o-ue)

To beg/plead

Recomendar (e-ie)

To recommend

Prohibir

To prohibit

Mandar

To order

Insistir

To insist

ImportarTo be

important

Aconsejar

To advise

Sugerir (e-ie)

To suggest

Es triste – it‟s sad

Ojála (que) – I hope that/wish that

Sorprender – to surprise Temer – to be afraid/fear

Alegrarse (de) – to be happy

Esperar – to hope/wish Sentir (e-ie) – to be sorry/regret

Dudar – to doubt

Negar (e-ie) – to deny

Es imposible – it‟s impossible

No es cierto –it‟s not true

No es seguro –it‟s not certain

Es improbable – it‟s

improbable

No es verdad– it‟s not true

Es necassario que

Es malo que

Es triste que

Es bueno que

Es urgente que

Es importante que

Used to indicate that the existence of

someone or something is uncertain/indefinite

Subjunctive – refers to person, place, thing that

either does not exist or whose existence is

uncertain/indefinite

Indicative – refers to person, place, thing that is

clearly known

AFFIRMATIVE - Drop the „S‟

NEGATIVE – put in „yo‟ form and change to

opposite vowel, add „s‟

Irregulars - TVDISHES

di

Ve

sé

Irregulars

pon

ten

haz

sal

ven

Put in „yo‟ form and change to opposite

vowel

Irregulars – TVDISHES

This is for both affirmative/negative

AR – ado

ER/IR - ido

Abrir – abierto

Cubrir – cubierto

Decir – dicho

Escribir – escrito

Hacer – hecho

Morir – muerto

Poner – puesto

Resolver – resuelto

Romper – roto

Ver – vistro

Volver – vuelto

Ir - ido

Frequently used for past

actions that continue

into the present

AR – ado

ER/IR - ido

Pronouns

Yo – he

Tu – has

El/ella – ha

Nos – emos

Uds. - han

Abrir – abierto

Cubrir – cubierto

Decir – dicho

Escribir – escrito

Hacer – hecho

Morir – muerto

Poner – puesto

Resolver – resuelto

Romper – roto

Ver – vistro

Volver – vuelto

Ir - ido

AR – ado

ER/IR - ido

Pronouns

Yo – había

Tu – habías

El/ella – había

Nos – habíamos

Uds. - habían

Abrir – abierto

Cubrir – cubierto

Decir – dicho

Escribir – escrito

Hacer – hecho

Morir – muerto

Poner – puesto

Resolver – resuelto

Romper – roto

Ver – vistro

Volver – vuelto

Ir - ido

Infinitive (ar, er, ir, and irregular endings)

é

ás

á

emos

án Decir – dir

Hacer - har

Poner – pondr

Salir - saldr

Tener – tendr

Venir - vendr

Poder – podr

Querer - querr

Saber – sabr

Haber - habr

Infinitive + ending (ar, er, ir)

ía

ías

ía

íamos

ían

Preterite ending, take off RON, add …

Ar, Er, Ir

a

as

a

ramos

an

Ir/Ser - fuer

Influir - influyer

Pedir –pidier Sentir -

sintier

Saber -supier

Dormir -durmier