Shared Situation Awareness for Army Manned and Unmanned Aircraft Team SurvivabilityShared Situation Awareness for Army Manned and Unmanned Aircraft Team SurvivabilityCraig Stoneking

Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratoriescstoneki@atl.lmco.com

Shared Situation Awareness ComponentsShared Situation Awareness Components

Onboard, Offboard and Preplanned Target Data

Longbow Fire Control Radar (FCR)

Radio Frequency Interferometer (RFI)

Target Acquisition and Designation Sight (TADS)

UAV Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)

UAV Distributed Aperture Sensor (DAS)

Radar Reports and Tracks

Bearing Lines on Emitters

Target Designations

Offboard sensor reports

Offboard sensor reports

Fleet Battle Command Brigade and Below

JSTARS via Link -16 or IDM

Pre-Mission Planned Targets

Blue Force Data

Moving Target Indicator (MTI) data

Preplanned Data

–– Developed for ArmyDeveloped for Army’’s Rotorcraft Pilots Rotorcraft Pilot’’s Associate (RPA)s Associate (RPA)

–– Refined under ArmyRefined under Army’’s Airborne Manned/Unmanned Systems Technologys Airborne Manned/Unmanned Systems Technology–– Demonstration (AMUST-D) Demonstration (AMUST-D)

Multi-Sensor Data FusionMulti-Sensor Data Fusion

Fused Common Picture Fused Common Picture at time at time tt

Sensor Data received at Sensor Data received at time time t+1t+1

Data grouped intoData grouped intogeographic clustersgeographic clusters

Fusion Functional OverviewFusion Functional Overview

Kinematic Kinematic and Class IDand Class IDsimilarity metricssimilarity metrics

applied within clustersapplied within clusters

Associations formedAssociations formedbased on similaritybased on similarity

metricmetric

Fusion algorithms produceFusion algorithms produceupdated common pictureupdated common picture

at time t+1at time t+1

Core Fusion ProcessFusion

Dispatch

CORBA OutputModule

JSTARS InputJSTARS InputModuleModule

GrapevineGrapevineInput ModuleInput Module

JCDB InputJCDB InputModuleModule

Source-specificinput modules

Track FusionKernel

BearingFusion Kernel

TrackTrackManagementManagement

Group FusionKernel

Intel FusionKernel

FusionControl

Shared MemoryOutput Module

Client-specificoutput Modules

Adaptive, Modular ArchitectureAdaptive, Modular Architecture

Adaptive, modular architecture enables near off-the-shelf reusability of the core fusion modulethrough adaptation of the application-specific input and output modules.

SPARSurvivability Planner Associate Rerouter

The SPAR program is focused onThe SPAR program is focused onsurvivability for a small team ofsurvivability for a small team ofmanned and unmanned aircraftmanned and unmanned aircraftthrough improved through improved threat lethalitythreat lethalitypredictionprediction and autonomous and autonomouscollaborative behaviorcollaborative behavior..

Threats

Threat IV

Hardpoints

Softpoints

Roads

Mountainpeaks

Helicopter

Accurate prediction of aAccurate prediction of athreatthreat’’s lethality envelops lethality envelopallows survivable routesallows survivable routesto be planned throughto be planned throughareas that wouldareas that wouldpreviously have beenpreviously have beenconsidered tooconsidered toohazardoushazardous..

Threat Lethality Prediction

Collaborative BehaviorCollaborative Behavior

Coordinated sensing, engagement, avoidance andCoordinated sensing, engagement, avoidance andcountermeasures deployment enables acountermeasures deployment enables acomprehensive, cohesive, team-oriented responsecomprehensive, cohesive, team-oriented responseto threats, with reduced per-platform equipmentto threats, with reduced per-platform equipmentloading.loading.

Shared Situation Awareness is Key toShared Situation Awareness is Key toEnabling Threat Lethality PredictionEnabling Threat Lethality Prediction

and Collaborative Behaviorand Collaborative Behavior

SPAR079.ppt

By exchanging context information that describes eachBy exchanging context information that describes eachnodenode’’s information s information needsneeds and information gathering and information gatheringcapabilitiescapabilities, the Grapevine can , the Grapevine can maximize the valuemaximize the value of ofdata exchanged over the data exchanged over the available bandwidthavailable bandwidth through through

intelligentintelligent needs-based prioritization needs-based prioritization..

Grapevine Node 1Grapevine Node 1

Grapevine ManagerGrapevine Manager

Data FusionData Fusion

Proxy Agent 2Proxy Agent 2

Proxy Agent 3Proxy Agent 3

Grapevine Node 2Grapevine Node 2

Grapevine ManagerGrapevine Manager

Data FusionData Fusion

Proxy Agent 1Proxy Agent 1

Proxy Agent 3Proxy Agent 3

Peer-to-peer Peer-to-peer configurationconfiguration

Needs-basedNeeds-baseddata exchangedata exchange

Grapevine Node 3Grapevine Node 3

Grapevine ManagerGrapevine Manager

Data FusionData Fusion

Proxy Agent 1Proxy Agent 1

Proxy Agent 2Proxy Agent 2

Grapevine OverviewGrapevine Overview

Grapevine Intelligent InformationGrapevine Intelligent InformationDisseminationDissemination

Distributing Situation Awareness Data Allows a SharedCommon Relevant Operational Picture

Shared CROP is:Shared CROP is:•• Coherent Coherent•• Consistent Consistent•• Comprehensive Comprehensive

But Bandwidth Constraints Prohibit Exchange of ALL Available Data

xxxxx xx

GPSGPS

RADARRADAR

RFIRFI

TADSTADS

CrewCrew

RLWRRLWR

Preplanned TargetsPreplanned Targets

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RADARRADAREWEWCMWSCMWSDASDASIFFIFFGPSGPS

*Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies and private individuals or enterprises eligible to obtain export-controlled technical data in accordance withregulations implementing 10 U.S.C. 140c (May 2, 2005). Other requests must be referred to U.S. Army RDECOM Aviation Applied Technology Directorate.