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UNIVERSAL COLLEGE OF ENGG AND
TECH
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Student name
1. Devarshi Pandya
2. Karan Patel
3. Manank Patel
Enrollment number
130460106040
130460106056
130460106059
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WHAT IS SURFACE TENSION ?
Surface tension is a contractive tendency of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force.
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WHAT IS SURFACE TENSION ?
Surface tension can be defined as tensile force acting on the free surface of a liquid per unit length.
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for example, any type an object that is denser than water is able to float or run along the water surface
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SURFACE TENSION
This phenomenon explains about the surface tension•Consider the 3 molecules of the liquid .•The molecule 1 is attracted in all directions
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Thus the resultant forces acting on a molecule 1 is zero.•But 2 molecule which is situated near the free surface is acted upon upward & downward directions.
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The molecule 3 situated on the free surface of liquid is subjected only net resultant downward force
Thus ,the free surface of liquid acts like a very thin layer under tension on the surface of liquid
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SURFACE TENSION ON LIQUID DROP
Consider a small liquid drop of radius ‘r’.
P= pressure intensity in side drop.d=diameter of droplet. = surface tension of liquid.
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The force acting on half drop
Tensile force acting around the circumference of cut portionTensile force= x d
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Pressure force on area
Pressure force on area = /4 x =p x /4 xUnder equilibrium conditions, these 2 forces will be equal & opposite
2d 2d
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Pressure force on area
p x /4 x = x p=4 /
2d d
d
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EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SURFACE TENSION.
The surface tension depends directly upon the intermolecular cohesion,& since this cohesion is known to decrease with temperature rise, tension decrease
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The surface tension of water varies from about 0.074 N/mAt 20 C to 0.0589 N/m at 100 C .The surface tension of some liquids at 20 C at atmospheric pressure are given below
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SURFACE TENSION.
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liquid N/mKerosene 0.0277Glycerine 0.0633Benzene 0.0289mercury 0.514
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON SURFACE TENSION.
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EXAMPLES OF SURFACE TENSION
Thin blade or clip float on the surface of water.
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EXAMPLES OF SURFACE TENSION
Mercury on smooth surface converts in to small balls
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EXAMPLES OF SURFACE TENSION
Rain water comes to the earth surface in the form of circular balls.
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EXAMPLES OF SURFACE TENSION
Rain water falls on the leaf it formcircular balls.
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