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Summer Social Webshop:Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Jennifer Preece Ben Shneiderman [email protected] [email protected]
@jenpre @benbendc
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Interdisciplinary research community - Computer Science & Info Studies
- Socio, Psych, Poli Sci & MITH
(www.cs.umd.edu/hcil)
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HCI Pride: Serving 5B Users
Mobile, desktop, web, cloud
Users: novice/expert, young/old, literate/illiterate, abled/disabled, cultural, ethnic & linguistic diversity, gender, personality, skills, motivation, ...
Applications: E-commerce, law, health/wellness, education, creative arts, community relationships, politics, IT4ID, policy negotiation, mediation, peace studies, ...
Interfaces: Ubiquitous, pervasive, embedded, tangible, invisible, multimodal, immersive/augmented/virtual, ambient, social, affective, empathic, persuasive, ...
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Goal: Next 50 years
Apply social media to transform society
• Reduce medical errors, obesity & smoking• Promote resource & biodiversity conservation• Prevent disasters & terrorism• Increase community safety• Improve education • Facilitate good government• Resolve conflicts
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• Malicious attacks • Privacy violations• Not trusted • Fails to be universal• Unreliable when needed
• Misuse by • Terrrorists & criminals• Promoters of racial hatred • Political oppressers
Challenges
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Early Steps
http://iparticipate.wikispaces.com
Informal Gathering College Park, MD, April 2009
Article: Science March 2009
BEN SHNEIDERMAN
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Jenny Preece (PI), Peter Pirolli & Ben Shneiderman (Co-PIs)www.tmsp.umd.edu
NSF Workshops: Academics, Industry, Gov’t
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- Scientific Foundations
- Advancing Design of
Social Participation Systems
- Visions of What is Possible With Sharable Socio- technical Infrastructure
- Participating in Health 2.0
- Educational Priorities for Technology Mediated Social Participation
- Engaging the Public in Open Government: Social Media Technology and Policy for Government Transparency
Cyberinfrastructure for Social Action on National Priorities
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International Efforts
intlsocialparticipation.net
Community InformaticsResearch Network
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UN Millennium Development Goals
• Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger• Achieve universal primary education• Promote gender equality and empower women• Reduce child mortality• Improve maternal health• Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases• Ensure environmental sustainability• Develop a global partnership for development
To be achieved by 2015
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1) Clarify national priorities
2) Develop deep science questions motivation, trust, empathy, responsibility, identity, etc.
3) Promote novel research methodologies large-scale interventions, ethnographic methods, big data analysis & visualization
4) Identify extreme technology challenges security, privacy, scalability, universality, etc.
5) Influence national policy
6) Increase educational opportunities
Social Participation: Webshop Goals
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911.gov: Internet & mobile devices
• Residents report information • Professionals disseminate instructions • Resident-to-Resident assistance
Professionals in control while working with empowered residents
www.cs.umd.edu/hcil/911govShneiderman & Preece, Science (Feb. 16, 2007)
Sending SMS message to 911, includes your phone number, location and time
Sending SMS message to 911, includes your phone number, location and time
Sending SMS message to 911, includes your phone number, location and time
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Reporting: Earthquakes & Storms
earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/dyfi weather.kimt.com
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Reporting: Local incidents
watchjeffersoncounty.net nationofneighbors.net
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Disaster Response: Wildfires
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Community Safety: Abducted Children
www.ncmec.orgwww.missingkids.com
www.amberalert.gov
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Healthcare & Wellness
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Doctor-to-Doctor Networks
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Energy Sustainability
Energystar.gov
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Serve.gov: Voluntary service
Register Your Project & Recruit VolunteersFind a Volunteer OpportunityRead Inspiring Stories of Service & Share Your Own Story
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Open Data.gov + Recovery.gov
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Network Theories: Evolution models
• Random, preferential attachment,…• Monotonic, bursty,…• Power law for degree (hubs & indexes)• Small-world property• Forest fire, spreading activation,…• Matures, decays, fragments, …
Watts & Strogatz, Nature 1998; Barabasi, Science 1999, 2009;Newman, Phys. Rev. Letters 2002
Kumar, Novak & Tomkins, KDD2006Leskovec, Faloutsos & Kleinberg, TKDD2007
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NodeXL: Network Overview for Discovery & Exploration in Excel
www.codeplex.com/nodexlcasci.umd.edu/NodeXL_Teaching
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NodeXL: Network Overview for Discovery & Exploration in Excel
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
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NodeXL: Import Dialogs
www.codeplex.com/nodexl
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Analyzing Social Media Networks with NodeXL
I. Getting Started with Analyzing Social Media Networks 1. Introduction to Social Media and Social Networks 2. Social media: New Technologies of Collaboration 3. Social Network Analysis
II. NodeXL Tutorial: Learning by Doing 4. Layout, Visual Design & Labeling 5. Calculating & Visualizing Network Metrics 6. Preparing Data & Filtering 7. Clustering &Grouping
III Social Media Network Analysis Case Studies 8. Email 9. Threaded Networks 10. Twitter 11. Facebook 12. WWW 13. Flickr 14. YouTube 15. Wiki Networks
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/723354/description
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Social Media Research Foundation
Social Media Research Foundation smrfoundation.org
We are a group of researchers who want to create open tools, generate and host open data, and support open scholarship related to social media.
smrfoundation.org
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Extreme Technology
• Mobile, Desktop, Web, Cloud• 100% uptime, 100% secure• Giga-collabs, Tera-contribs
• Universal accessibility & usability• Trust, empathy, responsibility, privacy
• Leaders can manage usage• Designers can continuously improve
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Network Theories: Social science
• Relationships & roles• Strong & weak ties• Motivations: egoism, altruism, collectivism,
principlism• Collective intelligence• Collective action & governance• Social information foraging
Moreno, 1938; Granovetter, 1971; Burt, 1987; Ostrom, 1992;Wellman, 1993; Batson, Ahmad & Tseng, 2002;
Malone, Laubaucher & Dellarocas, 2009; Pirolli, 2009
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Network Theories: Stages of participation
Wikipedia, Discussion & Reporting• Reader• First-time Contributor
(Legitimate Peripheral Participation)
• Returning Contributor• Frequent Contributor
Preece, Nonnecke & Andrews, CHB2004Forte & Bruckman, SIGGROUP2005; Hanson, 2008
Porter: Designing for the Social Web, 2008Vassileva, 2002, 2005; Ling et al., JCMC 2005; Rashid et al., CHI2006
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Biodiversity: Encyclopedia of Life
eol.org
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The biodiversity crisis
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A crisis in science
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Photo credit: Cornell Univ.
Photo credit: Mary Keim
NA Butterfly AssociationFourth of July Count
Audubon Christmas Bird Count
Citizen science
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Imagine an electronic page for each
species of organism on Earth.
The Encyclopedia of Life
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Content providersDatabases
JournalsLifeDesks
Public contributions
Curating
CommentingTagging
http://www.eol.org
EOL is a content curation community
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• 100+ partner databases700 curators/1000s contributors/46,000 members
• 2.8 million pages500 thousand pages with Creative Commons content
• Over 2 million data objects and >1 million pages with links to research literature
• Traffic in past year: 1.7 million unique users, 6.2 million page views
EOL statistics
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BioTracker system architecture
Community Portal
Profiles, groups, and species pages
Images, Identifications, Maps, Threaded discussion
information collection, clarification questions
uploadimage
answers
Mobile Devices with BioTracker app
Camera Internet connection
Match recommendations Q&A component Biotracks map
Photos, Biocaching
and commentary
Enthusiasts
ComputationalTools
Image databaseShape descriptors
Image segmentation algorithm Image recognition algorithm
Inference system
userinput
Possible new
speciesaccuracyestimate
Scientists
identification and upload
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Research questions
• Q1 How can a socially intelligent system be used to direct human effort and expertise to the most valuable collection and classification tasks?
• Q2 What are the most effective strategies for
motivating enthusiasts and experts to voluntarily contribute and collaborate?
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Scientists and volunteers
"Scientists often have an aversion to what nonscientists say about science” (Salk, 1986)
Collaboration is based on several factors:• Shared vocabulary, practices, and meanings• Mutual recognition of knowledge, competency,
and prestige• Motivation to collaborate
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Reader Contributor Collaborator `AllUsers
From Reader to Leader:Motivating Technology-Mediated Social Participation
Preece & Shneiderman, AIS Trans. Human-Computer Interaction1 (1), 2009 aisel.aisnet.org/thci/vol1/iss1/5/
Leader
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1) Clarify national priorities
2) Develop deep science questions motivation, trust, empathy, responsibility, identity, etc.
3) Promote novel research methodologies large-scale interventions, ethnographic methods, big data analysis & visualization
4) Identify extreme technology challenges security, privacy, scalability, universality, etc.
5) Influence national policy
6) Increase educational opportunities
Social Participation: Webshop Goals
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• Do great research!!!! Inspirational
• Universities• Add courses & degree programs• Help Federal & Local governments
• Industry• Offer researchers access to data• Develop infrastructure and analysis tools
• Government• National Initiative for Social Participation• Develop Federal & Local applications
Let’s get to work!
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Wikipedia